Cuttack District Of Odisha Research Articles

Uses of invasive alien plant species of chandaka-dampada wildlife sanctuary: a management implication

A reconnaissance survey was conducted on the uses and role of invasive alien species (IAS) to local livelihoods in the Chandaka Wildlife Sanctuary (CWS) located in Khurdha and cuttack district of Odisha, India. Vegetation of the sanctuary was sampled in 100 quadrates, each having 20 m×20 m through a combination of random and systematic sampling. Group discussions were also arranged with one hundred twenty local inhabitants (10 % of the total inhabitants) to document the various uses of IAS. A total of 18 alien plant species belonging to 8 different families, of which Asteraceae constitutes the highest number (7 species), include herb (5 species), shrub (1 species) and climber (1 species). The majority of the identified species were found to be used for medicine, followed by human food, fodder, insecticidal and ornamental purposes. It is true that the alien species have some negative impacts on local ecosystems, and not all of them are harmful. Therefore, assessment and careful documentation on utilization of invasive alien plant species of the sanctuary in terms of economic and social benefit to the local community can provide a possible and effective tool for management of IAS.

SCULPTURAL ART AND ARCHITECTURAL PATTERN OF THE DHAVALESVARA TEMPLE OF DHAVALESVARA IN ODISHA

The purpose of this article is to discuss on the sculptural art, architectural features of the Dhavalesvara temple of Dhavalesvara in the Cuttack district of Odisha. Dhavalesvara temple is a significant Shaiva Shrine of the Cuttack district of the state of Odisha. This temple is very famous shrine in that locality, for which, a good number of devotees come to visit this shrine. Old sculptures of different deities of both Saivism and Vaishnavism are also found to be preserved in the temple site, for which the site of the temple is considered as ‘Hari-Hara pitha’. This temple initially consisted of vimana and jagamohana. In later period, natamandapa as well as bhogamandapa were also added to the main temple. The artistic as well as religious aspects of the Dhavalesvara temple represent a noteworthy Shaiva shrine of the medieval Odisha. The original Parvati image in the northern side parsvadevata niche is not noticed, in that place a Mahisamardini Durga image is inserted as side deity. The six armed and three headed image of Kartikeya is unique in the study of Odishan art tradition. The extant preserved old loose sculptures of the temple suggest us that these were probably collected from the local areas for the purpose of worship. Most of the loose sculptures are not in intact, so their identifications are not possible properly due to mutilation of images. All the images of different periods were finely executed by the Kalingan School of artists. Source materials from primary as well as secondary data are utilized in the writing of this article.

Characterization of soils of Narasinghpur block in Cuttack district of Odisha

Characterization of soils of Narasinghpur block in Cuttack district of Odisha

Mass drug administration for lymphatic filariasis elimination amidst COVID-19 pandemic in Odisha, India: A step towards achieving SDG-3.

Sustainable Development Goal-3 (SDG) aims to eliminate lymphatic filariasis by 2030 through >65% coverage and compliance of mass drug administration (MDA), the preventive chemotherapy strategy of delivering anthelminthic drugs. However, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted such programmes, yet MDA was administered during February 2021 in Odisha, India. We aimed to assess the coverage and compliance of the present round of MDA amidst the pandemic and explore factors for non-compliance in Cuttack district of Odisha, a filariasis endemic area. Community-based participants enrolled through multistage stratified sampling were administered a semi-structured questionnaire following COVID-19 protocols. The coverage of MDA was 93.2% whereas consumption was 73.7%. Participants reported that healthcare workers were motivated and satisfactorily explained the benefits of MDA but still fear of side-effects was the major cause of non-compliance. Nonetheless, this recent round of MDA was effective, despite challenges posed by the ongoing pandemic.

Constraints Related to Production and Marketing of Freshwater Fish Rohu (Labeo rohita) in Cuttack District of Odisha

Aquaculture can be considered as a rapidly growing sector in many Indian states including Odisha. The impressive overall upward trend in fish production is likely to continue in future years as there are plenty of unutilized or underutilized fishery resources in the state. In spite of the growing popularity of aquaculture in the state, fish farmers have been experiencing financial, social and technical constraints in fish farming and in marketing practices. Cuttack district of Odisha was selected for the study.98 respondents from 4 villages were selected based on the population of the villages. The present study was conducted in the year 2021-2022 years.This paper examines the constraints faced by the fish farmers while producing and marketing of the freshwater fish Rohu (Labeo rohita) which reveals that damage due to natural calamities in production and frequent price fluctuations in marketing are the major constraints expressed by the farmers.

Entrepreneurial Success in MSMEs: A Case Study of Bikalananda Kar Sweets, Salipur, Odisha

The success of the micro, small and medium-sized companies (MSMEs) units depends on various dynamics and statuses; starting from the conception of a business idea, the business acumen of the entrepreneurs, accumulation of factors of a business, a perfect mix of these factors, an efficacious Human Resource policy, an appropriate production process, proficient and competent financial management and above all an effective marketing programme to satisfy and cater the needs of the customers. In India and in some foreign countries, Bikalananda Kar Sweets is a known brand name in sweet and cheese products. Bikalananda Kar of Salipur, widely known as ‘Bikala Kar’, founded the unit in 1954 in Salipur, Cuttack district of Odisha, which expanded into a giant store during his lifetime and, after his death, evolved into a mega project due to the hard work and commitment of his youngest son Mr Prasant Kar. Now it has become popular all over India with a promising future. The present research paper had made a humble effort to study the dynamics of the organisation and its development and growth through the years. Some suggestions have also been outlined for the sustainability of the organisation in the long run.

Establishing a Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Surveillance in Cuttack District, Odisha, India

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a globalpriority public health concern that accounts forsignificant morbidity and mortality. Unusual occurrence of CKD was reported from Cuttack district ofOdisha. We aim to establish a CKD surveillance system in Cuttack district to estimate the burden of diseaseand help decision-makers through future epidemiological assessments.Method: We focused on CKD patients enrolled in the Narsingpur community health clinics and attendingthe clinics from January to June 2016. We defined a suspected CKD as patientpresenting with any symptomsof loss of appetite, fatigue &weakness, change in urine output, swelling of feet & ankles and blood in urine.A confirmed CKD was defined as a CKD suspect with elevated Serum creatinine (>1.5 mg/dL) and SerumUrea (>40 mg/dL).Besides, we collected relevant data on demography, clinical, laboratory, occupational andfamily history of patients.Results: The CKDsurveillance presented over 320 suspected CKD cases, of which 35 cases were laboratoryconfirmed. The median age was 57 years ranging from 35 -75 years (Mean +SD= 56+9.1), 71% of cases weremales and agriculture was the commonest occupation. Laboratory finding shows fasting blood glucose of147.4 mg/dl (Range 84-249), Serum Creatinine 3.59 mg/dl (Range 2.2-7.9), Serum Urea 76.6 mg/dl (Range14.1-137), Urine Creatinine 6.0 mg/24 hrs (Range, 4.4-7.3) and Urine Albumin 7.6 mg/dl (Range 7.2-8.4).The majority of patients (57%, 20/35) were in CKD stage 3 (GFR, between 60 and 89 ml/min/1.73m2).Conclusion:The CKD surveillance system supported CKD patient’s analysis by age, gender, geographicaldistribution and socio-demographic profile. Further, the analysis involved analysing patient’s clinicalcharacteristics, CKD staging, associated co-morbidities and treatment modalities.The surveillancesystem established a scientific platform for primary prevention, early detection, and treatment strategiesimplementation. The platform eventuallyhelped the decision-makers increase awareness, decrease CKDmorbidity & mortality throughmore efficient resource utilization.

Gender Disparity in Employment and Wages in Rural Labour Market in Odisha: Some Survey Findings and Empirical Analysis

Gender disparity prevails through various attributes, including gender specificity of agricultural operations, discriminating women in terms of wages, and system of wage payments. This paper employed a t-test to investigate the degree of gender disparity in the rural labour market in Cuttack district of Odisha, covering one irrigated village, Bahalpada, and a non-irrigated village Erancha with a sample of 50 female labourers, 20 male labourers, and ten employers from each village, where irrigation was used as the indicator of agricultural development. The results indicated no significant difference in the days of work available to males and females in farm activities in the irrigated village Bahalpada; however, there was a significant positive difference in male-female labour days in agricultural work non-irrigated village Erancha. Despite non-significant differences in days of employment in farm activities, the gender-based wage differentials persisted and were more pronounced in the non-irrigated village than in irrigated villages.

Inputs management and various terminal products for the livelihood generation of Bandha Weavers of Cuttack district of Odisha

Inputs management and various terminal products for the livelihood generation of Bandha Weavers of Cuttack district of Odisha

Awareness of patients towards eye diseases in middle aged population in rural Odisha

Background: One of the most important public health issue for developing nations in the world with special reference to India is preventive blindness. In the world, 36 million people are blind and 217 million people are with moderate or severe distance vision impairment. The aim and objectives of the study were a qualitative survey to get an initial picture of rural residents knowledge of the prevalent eye disease; serve as an initial assessment of patient’s baseline knowledge of eye conditions and possible treatment methods to aid in the future development of educational outreach initiatives and studies.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in the rural areas of Jajpur, Nayagarh, Puri and Cuttack district of Odisha during preventive eye screening camps. The study was carried over 6 months from Jan to July 2018. The sample size was calculated to be 914 and the study subjects were all aged 40 years and above comprising of 64.7% male and 35.3% female.Results: In this study we found out that 60.18% reported previous eye doctor visits, 24.08% reported using eye drops prescribed by a non-doctor, while 60.18% of the non-doctor visitors reported not knowing that a doctor should prescribe eye drops. While 76.69% had little or no awareness regarding glaucoma, 51.87% had a fair idea regarding cataract surgery.Conclusions: The increase in patient awareness of prevalent eye diseases and treatments could lead to an increase in patient acceptance regarding the importance of routine eye examinations for proper identification and treatment of various eye conditions.

Climate change impacts on natural resources and communities: A geospatial approach for management

AbstractClimate change causes environmental depletion, with threats to the global economy. The health and productivity of ecosystems underpin agriculture, with stable ecosystems being the foundation for economic livelihoods and food security. This study proposes adaptation measures, using geospatial technology, for conserving natural resources and improving livelihoods of the local community from climate change scenarios. Planning, policy decisions and resultant programmes are required for natural resource management, which must be based on broad citizen participation and the engagement of rural communities. The suggested adaptation measures will help the planning system to regulate development of natural resources and the socio‐economic environment. The major natural resources in the environment are land and water, both of which can be severely degraded by human interventions, as well as climate change. Various thematic maps are prepared with the use of geospatial technology, in order to be helpful for site‐suitability analysis directed to the preparation of land and water management action plans for socio‐economic development. The study area is a micro‐watershed of the catchment of Ansupa Lake in the Cuttack District of Odisha, India. To reduce climate change impacts on natural resources and economic livelihoods, some adaptation measures have been proposed (e.g., 68.9 ha for afforestation.; 13.94 ha for gap plantations and agro‐horticulture; 389.62 ha for farm ponds and renovation of existing ponds for pisciculture and duckery activities, etc.; 11.33 ha for land management, along with five bore wells, eight dug wells, 51 LBS/check dams, and four WHSs, etc., for water management for sustainable use).

A micro level study of TRIPTI programme: A case study in Cuttack district of Odisha

Odisha is the state where villages are located in rural areas with little connectivity and extremes of seasonality and dominated by 37 per cent of small and marginal farmers with high level of unemployment. And as development approach Microfinance has evolved to benefit the socially and economically underprivileged facing difficulty in accessing institutional finance. It is particularly attractive as a tool to help the poor, since it is widely seen as improving livelihoods, reducing vulnerability, and fostering social as well as economic empowerment. TRIPTI stands for Targeted Rural Initiatives for Poverty Termination and Infrastructure, an IDA (World Bank) assisted livelihood project being implemented by Orissa Poverty Reduction Mission (OPRM) under Panchayati Raj Department in the state of Odisha. TRIPTI focuses mostly on institutional building (Promotion and strengthening of SHGs and their federation) and the livelihood options of the community with the participation of all types of stake holders. For the further refinement of the programme, an understanding about the extent of people participation has studied by using binary logit model to primary data. An attempt to evaluate the performance of TRIPTI in terms of access to finance revealed that TRIPTI membership was having significant influence upon access of credit. As TRIPTI programme was found having significant influence upon credit access, it is to appreciate the factors influencing participation in TRIPTI which hence forth revealed the significant role of education and good extension contact through binary logit model.

Total factor productivity with cobb-douglas production function in agriculture: A Study in Cuttack district, Odisha

Measurement of productivity and the optimal of conditions in the process of measurement are quite essential in productivity analysis. The purpose of this study is to determine the total factor productivity (TFP) of crop producing farms in the Cuttack District of Odisha comparatively, in terms of land size using Cobb-Douglas production function. In addition, the input efficiencies and return to scales were computed. The results show that as farm size increases the TFP increases in the same direction. Also, the farm income increases by the increase in labor and land size in all the farms sizes which is highly significant whereas working capital is significant in small and medium farm size but insignificant in large farms.

Micro-econometrics Approach to Financial Inclusion through PMJDY in India: A Case of Cuttack District of Odisha

The paper aims at measuring the extent of financial inclusion through Pradhanmantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) by analysing the primary data, collected during May-August, 2016 from 300 households of Cuttack district of Odisha, India. The data are analysed with the help cross tabs, ratio, percentage and Logit model. Accessing of financial services by the poor and vulnerable groups is a pre-condition for to employment, poverty reduction, economic growth and social cohesion. Recently, the Prime Minister of India has taken the initiative which has given birth to PMJDY as the National Mission on Financial Inclusion on August 28, 2014. Its main objective is to guarantee financial inclusion of the poor and rural population and to give them financial freedom and stability. It has the motto to cover all households in the country having a bank account and other banking facilities. The scheme is based on “Sab ka sath sab ka vikas” i.e. inclusive growth. It was reported that a total of 7 crores bank accounts have been opened with deposits totalling more than 5000 crores of rupees as of November 6, 2014. The findings of the study show that the effectiveness of PMJDY depends on the various factors like economic factors, socio-demographic factors and others. It shows that the factors like income from primary occupation, level of education, age, gender, bank deposit, post office deposit, mutual fund, loans to friends and relatives, self-help groups, other policies like LIC, working family members outside village for wage and in MGNREGA influence more than half of the people to open their accounts under PMJDY. Whereas some other factors like unawareness of the scheme, more distance from the banks discourage some people to open their account under this scheme. The result of the Logit model reveals as years of education, income from secondary occupation, working in MGNREGA and outside village for wage increases the odds ratio to have an account under PMJDY for the households’ increases by 9, 6, 97 and 99 percent respectively. This calls for the policy to increase the level of education, and other earning opportunity to the households so that the ultimate objective of the Yojna could be achieved.

Milk market structure in Cuttack district of Odisha: Orgnanized vs. unorganized sector

A comparative study was done to estimate the marketed surplus and factors affecting it, price spread, marketing efficiencies and constraints of milk marketing in organized and unorganized sector in Cuttack district of Odisha. A random sampling method was employed for data collection from 120 farmers (82-organized and 38-unorganized sector). Average production, consumption, marketed surplus were 49.45, 4.96, 44.49 litres in organized and 46.97, 5.21, 41.76 litres per day per household in unorganized sector respectively. Marketing efficiencies for channels I, II, III, IV, V were 20.77, 14.45, 10.38, 7.84 and 11.38 respectively which implied that channel I was most efficient. Milk production and price of milk had positive and significant impact on marketed surplus; however family size had negative impact and significant in both market structures. Low price and irregular payments were major milk marketing problems in the study area. Hence, it was suggested that for getting marketing benefit, remunerative price with regular payment to the farmers is needed.

Economics of milk production in organized and unorganized sector in Cuttack district of Odisha- a comparative analysis

An endeavour has been made to investigate the economics of milk production by different categories of milk producer groups in Cuttack district Odisha during year 2015. Primary data was collected from 120 farmers of Niali, Kantapada, Mahanga, Salipur Block of Cuttack district by two stage random sampling method. It was found that the total cost and net return of milk yield per day per cow for organized and unorganized sector was Rs.169.736, Rs.156.728 and Rs.166.787, Rs.144.959 respectively. The total milk produced per day per cow in organized and unorganized sector was 11.643 litres and 10.736 litres respectively which were much higher than the break-even level of output i.e. 1.286 litres and 1.037 litres respectively. Green fodders and concentrate had positive and significant association with total production of milk in all market structure with total explained variation was R 2 as 71.1 percent. In organized sector green fodder and dry fodder were used optimally but concentrate and labour were over utilised. In unorganized sector, green and dry fodders were over utilised, whereas concentrate and labour were underutilized. Major constraints faced by farmers in dairying were lack of medical facilities, inadequate feed, input and input services at higher price, inadequate subsidy. It was concluded that dairying business was profitable in the study area because of it’s high production but care should be taken for best possible use of inputs like dry fodder, green fodder, concentrate and labour particularly in unorganized sector and provision of good medical facilities, inputs with subsidy by government to the dairy farmers for enhanced recital.

Customers'PerceptionofE-Banking:AStudy onCuttackDistrict of Odisha

In the early 1990s, banks use to compete by providing different types of products and services at a competitive cost. With the advancement of technology and paucity of service delivery time, the operations of banks shift from traditional system to online system. Nowadays, customers are attracted and retained by offering a bouquet of innovative and technology based financial products and services. Entries of private and foreign banks accelerated the flow of e-banking/Internet banking in India. Internet banking including ATM, green channel banking, online banking, mobile banking and so on provides a new platform to the banks to serve the customer economically, efficiently and effectively. The major challenges in this direction are level of awareness about the e-banking services, availability of secured infrastructure, acceptance by the customers in general and their satisfaction. This paper is a humble attempt to analyse the customers’ perception towards e-banking in general and in Cuttack district of Odisha in particular. It is found that majority of the bank customers perceive the ATM usage and Internet banking as important, their importance is significantly related to location, education and occupation of the bank customers.

Feasibility study of hybrid energy system for off-grid rural water supply and sanitation system in Odisha, India

A feasibility study of a hybrid renewable energy system comprising the combined use of solar and biogas was conducted for a rural village Jahangirabad (latitude 20° 48′N and longitude 86°11′E) of Cuttack district of Odisha, India, by using the software Hybrid Optimisation Model for Electric Renewable. The objective of this study is to develop a suitable cost-effective model for the supply of reliable clean water as well as to provide a hygienic community toilet system for the poor people of the village. For various configurations of the components, the capital cost, net present cost, operating cost and the levelised cost of energy were determined.

Cataract in 50 Plus Population: Prevalence & Perception of Symptoms in a Rural Block of Cuttack District of Odisha

Background : With the increase in life expectancy, the degenerative disorders are increasing day by day. Age related cataract is one among those and it is the commonest type of acquired cataract affecting persons usually above the age of 50 years. Most eye diseases in their initial stages tend to be ignored by many a people as common and trivial. Objectives : 1. To know the prevalence of cataract in 50+ population. 2. To know the perception of symptoms due to cataract. Method : It was a community based cross-sectional study conducted in two villages in a rural block of Odisha. The villages were selected by multistage random sampling. Sample size calculated was 266. The study respondents were interviewed and clinically examined by door to door visit. Data analysis was done with SPSS(11.0).Chi-square test was used as required. Results : A total of 274 individuals of 50+ age were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of cataract among the study subjects was 70% (68% in males and 72% in females). It was higher in BPL(Below poverty line) subjects. Significant difference (p<0.001)was observed in prevalence of cataract between perceivers and non-perceivers of eye problems. 97% of the cases of blindness was due to cataract. Conclusion : The study concludes that there is high prevalence of age related cataract in rural area of Odisha and also gives idea how rural people perceive the symptoms related to cataract.

Empowerment of Women in Rural Odisha through Microenterprises

Organizing rural women through Self Help Groups and equip them to earn income by the formation of microenterprises have created an economic revolution in Odisha, India. Empowerment of women through microenterprises in rural Odisha can challenge their traditional practice and culture to effectively promote their well being. The present study addresses women empowerment through microenterprises in Cuttack district of Odisha. In this research work, field data were collected from rural women based on their working pattern, economic condition, family background, education level, and size of the family. Descriptive Statistics including frequencies, percentage, mean and standard deviations were carried out to draw meaningful interpretation of the results and to find out the reasons for joining the microenterprises. The result of the study revealed that microenterprises programmes have had greater impact on both social and economical aspects of the rural women in Odisha. The successful functioning of microenterprises provides economic independence to women leading to their empowerment.