Cutaneous Schistosomiasis Research Articles

Cutaneous schistosomiasis: epidemiological and clinical characteristics in returning travelers.

The clinical manifestations of parasitic diseases are well-covered in the infectious disease literature; however, cutaneous manifestations often receive limited attention. There is a need to update existing knowledge and improve reporting of disease characteristics. Given continued increases in travel and transportation, more individuals are acquiring cutaneous infections while traveling abroad. Schistosomiasis is the second most important tropical disease among returning travelers and affects more than 200 million individuals worldwide. The literature classically describes three forms of skin disease in those infected with Schistosoma: the immediate pruritic eruption of cercarial dermatitis, the urticarial response of Katayama syndrome, and the granulomatous lesions of late cutaneous schistosomiasis. Over the last two decades, more atypical presentations have been described. Travelers returning from Africa, South America, and Asia are at highest risk given these are the continents in which the parasite is endemic. This review highlights the cutaneous manifestations of schistosomiasis, with a focus on international travelers with atypical presentations. Additionally, genital schistosomiasis will be reviewed given its significant morbidity. The aim of this review is to update the current body of literature. Dermatologists and other physicians evaluating the skin should be aware of the following principles regarding schistosomal infections: (i) the importance of an early skin biopsy in making the diagnosis; (ii) the necessity of adding schistosomiasis to the differential diagnosis for zosteriform lesions; (iii) the resemblance of chronic cutaneous schistosomiasis of the genitals to sexually transmitted infections; and (iv) the need to revise definitions for early and late infection, specifically for cutaneous disease.

Doenças tropicais negligenciadas e as vulnerabilidades socioambientais nas capitais amazônicas

O presente estudo avalia a situação epidemiológica das doenças tropicais negligenciadas (DTN) com maior ocorrência na Amazônia e sua associação com as vulnerabilidades socioambientais. Foi realizado um estudo ecológico, descritivo, no período entre 2007 e 2016 acerca das DTN notificadas, além de dados sobre o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal (IDHM), saneamento básico e o crescimento populacional nas capitais da Amazônia Legal. Os dados obtidos foram organizados em planilhas Excel para a aplicação da estatística descritiva, análise de componentes principais (PCA) e análise hierárquica de agrupamentos (HCA). As doenças notificadas foram dengue, tuberculose, leishmaniose tegumentar americana, esquistossomose, leishmaniose visceral e doença de Chagas. Todas as capitais apresentaram, ao menos, quatro DTN. Estes dados foram confirmados através do PCA e HCA, que constataram que as DTN identificadas puderam ser agrupadas por similaridades entre os valores. A maioria das capitais apresentaram crescimento populacional e IDHM elevados nos últimos anos, no entanto, os serviços de esgotamento sanitário e abastecimento de água deixam a desejar. O estudo mostrou que há uma associação entre as doenças notificadas e os dados de crescimento populacional e saneamento básico, os quais podem evidenciar uma negligência geográfica. Uma forma de mudar essa realidade epidemiológica na Amazônia é elaborando políticas públicas, com planejamento financeiro direcionado para a realização de projetos viáveis e eficazes que ofereçam serviços constantes de saneamento básico, água potável e educação em saúde para esta população.

Ectopic cutaneous Schistosoma haematobium in the inguinal region

A 66-year-old man with indolent systemic mastocytosis presented with a plaque-like cutaneous lesion at his right inguinal region. He had travelled to various African countries in the years before. Pathological examination revealed a granulomatous infiltrate surrounding eggs of Schistosoma haematobium. Ectopic cutaneous schistosomiasis was therefore diagnosed, for which he was treated with Praziquantel.

Cutaneous schistosomiasis: an uncommon location of a common disease.

Cutaneous schistosomiasis: an uncommon location of a common disease.

Cutaneous Manifestations of Selected Parasitic Infections in Western Pacific and Southeast Asian Regions.

Cutaneous manifestations of parasitic infections often result in discomfort, debilitation, and even stigmatization. Data on cutaneous manifestations of parasitic infections, however, are limited. This article provides updates on the cutaneous manifestations of parasitic infections which are known to occur in Western Pacific and Southeast Asian regions, such as scabies, pediculosis, cutaneous larva migrans, larva currens, cutaneous schistosomiasis, cutaneous enterobiasis, cutaneous cysticercosis, acute dermatolymphangioadenitis (lymphatic filariasis), and cutaneous amoebiasis. The lack of epidemiological data on these conditions suggests the need for improvements in recording and reporting of cases. Utilization of advance diagnostic modalities and capacity building of health workers are important for proper case management. Cutaneous manifestations of parasitic infections are a topic rarely studied and thus represent an opportunity for further research.

Perianal lesions after return from Togo: An isolated cutaneous manifestation of schistosomiasis

Isolated perianal lesions in a returned traveller from Togo were observed. Eosinophilia was the lead to schistosomiasis, although no systemic symptoms were reported. This case report of cutaneous schistosomiasis demonstrates the importance of a travel history, especially geographic and exposure features, and treats the differential diagnosis of eosinophilia in a returned traveller with skin lesions.

Ectopic cutaneous Schistosomiasis

The authors report a case of ectopic cutaneous schistosomiasis in a 35 year-old female who presented clustered reddish macules and papules on the left buttock. The diagnosis was not suspected during clinical evaluation and required visualization of Schistosoma mansoni eggs on sections of tissue.

Cutaneous schistosomiasis: Case report and literature review

Nigeria is one of the 74 countries endemic for schistosomiasis, with the most common species being schistosoma hematobium and bladder infestation with hematuria as the most common mode of presentation. However, rarely, extra-vesical ectopic sites such as the skin may be affected as it is in this case report of an 18-year-old male. Cutaneous schistosomiasis usually presents as crops of papular rashes with normal skin color on the trunk with or without pruritus and coexisting hematuria. These rare cases pose diagnostic challenges because of their unusual presentation and require high index of clinical suspicion for their identification. However diagnosis can be confirmed by histology of representative skin biopsy.

Panniculite granulomateuse bilharzienne. Une présentation inhabituelle de la bilharziose cutanée

Cutaneous schistosomiasis is extremely rare, even in endemic regions. It usually leads to non-specific papulonodular lesions in the perigenital area. We report a case of cutaneous schistosomiasis presenting as panniculitis. An 8-year-old girl was admitted for a large multinodular, indurated plaque over the perineum that gradually spread over a year in a setting of hypereosinophilia. Ultrasonography showed thickening of the bladder and a significant bilateral ureteral hydronephrosis. Histological examination revealed numerous granulomas Schistosoma haematobium ova at their centre and within the hypodermis. Treatment with praziquantel 40 mg/kg resulted in regression of cutaneous lesions within 3 weeks. We report a case of Schistosoma-induced granulomatous panniculitis that is noteworthy in terms of its clinical appearance, perineal location, association with severe urinary involvement and rapid regression under treatment. The current extent of endemic schistosomiasis and its severity justify greater awareness of this unusual cutaneous presentation, which to our knowledge has never previously been reported.

Ectopic cutaneous schistosomiasis—perigenital infiltrative granulomata in a 34-year-old French pregnant woman

Schistosomiasis, an infection with the three anthropophilic species of Schistosoma, is endemic throughout wide areas of the tropics and subtropics with an estimated rate of over 200 million people infected worldwide. Whereas symptoms and signs of vesical and gastrointestinal forms of the infection are recognized readily, cutaneous manifestations are still a challenging diagnosis particularly in Western countries. A case is described of a 34-year-old Caucasian pregnant woman who presented to our department and was diagnosed with a cutaneous schistosomiasis involvement of the perianal region. Shistosoma haematobium was shown to be present in the lesion by histopathology and was considered to be the causative organism of the disease. Treatment with a course of oral praziquantel in a dose of 40mg/kg allowed resolution of the symptoms.

35 years with an uninvited guest

35 years with an uninvited guest

Hemangioma of the lower lip associated with schistosomiasis: a case report

Hemangiomas may occur in any region of the body, and is the most common tumour of the childhood age. The first case report of multiple Schistosoma mansoni larvae associated with hemangioma of the lower lip is presented. A 7-year-old boy presented with hemangioma of the lower lip. The tumour was subtotally excised under general anaesthesia for aesthetic reasons. The histopathologic diagnosis was multiple Schistosoma mansoni larvae associated with the hemangioma. Patient was treated with an antischistosomal drug.

Cutaneous schistosomiasis: Report of a case and review of the literature

Cutaneous disease is a previously reported but unusual presentation for schistosomiasis. We report a case of Schistosoma haematobium infection that appeared 3 years after exposure, with skin lesions as the sole manifestation. The diagnosis was made on the basis of a routine skin biopsy and the patient did well after therapy with praziquantel. Dermatologists should be aware of this presentation of schistosomiasis when evaluating patients with unusual skin lesions who have traveled in areas where schistosomiasis is endemic. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2000;42:678-80.)

Cutaneous schistosomiasis: Report of a case and review of the literature

Cutaneous disease is a previously reported but unusual presentation for schistosomiasis. We report a case of Schistosoma haematobium infection that appeared 3 years after exposure, with skin lesions as the sole manifestation. The diagnosis was made on the basis of a routine skin biopsy and the patient did well after therapy with praziquantel. Dermatologists should be aware of this presentation of schistosomiasis when evaluating patients with unusual skin lesions who have traveled in areas where schistosomiasis is endemic. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2000;42:678-80.)

Cutaneous ectopic schistosomiasis.

Two cases of cutaneous schistosomiasis due to ectopic ova have recently been seen. Both patients presented with abdominal papular lesions, which were found on biopsy to contain schistosoma ova. To reach these abdominal sites mature worms probably migrate from the portal circulation to the paraumbilical veins, where they anastomose with veins of the caval system.

EXTRA-GENITAL CUTANEOUS LESIONS IN SCHISTOSOMIASIS.

Summary The seventh case of cutaneous schistosomiasis haematobia is presented. The patho-physiology of ectopic localization of schistosome eggs in the skin is discussed, and a characteristic clinical and histologic pattern is described.