Cutaneous Adenoma Research Articles

Müllerian Serous Cystadenoma of the Scrotum Following Orchiopexy

A 24-year-old man presented himself with a nodular lesion of about 1 cm diameter at the site of a previous orchiopexy associated with surgery for cryptorchism. Histopathology revealed the lesion to be adenomatous and confined to the scrotum. Histological and immunohistological features were not consistent neither with median raphe cysts or cutaneous adenomas nor with the intrascrotal adenomas of the rete testis, epididymis, nor with (malignant) mesotheliomas. However, the lesion did compare well with serous (papillary) cystadenomas of the testis or paratestis. These adenomas are thought to originate in remnants of the Müllerian system or of peritoneal lining altered by Müllerian metaplasia. This implies that the scrotal adenoma may have developed from an implant of such elements during orchiopexy 14 years ago. Complete excision of the lesion appears to be an adequate therapy.

Intrarenal aneurysms in the tuberous sclerosis complex.

The tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC, OMIM 191100) is a rare autosomal dominant syndrome of high penetrance characterized by hamartoma in multiple organs, namely brain, kidneys, heart, skin, eyes and lungs [1]. The classic clinical triad includes seizures, mental retardation and cutaneous adenoma sebacea. Besides common vascular abnormalities observed in angiomyolipoma, TSC can be associated with aneurysms of large vessels like the aorta and cerebral and pulmonary arteries [2]. We report on a 33-year-old TSC patient presenting with spontaneous haemorrhage from ruptured aneurysms located on interlobar branches of the right renal artery. The patient's TSC phenotype was severe, with epilepsy, mental retardation and autism, bilateral kidney angiomyolipoma and lung lymphangioleiomyomatosis. Clinical examination at admission revealed fever (T, 38.2°C) and tenderness on palpation of the right loin area. Blood pressure was 100/70 mmHg. Blood tests showed normal renal function, anaemia (Hb, 8.6 g/dl) and increased C-reactive protein serum level (49.4 mg/dl). Abdominal tomodensitometry demonstrated a recent haemorrhage in the right kidney parenchyma (Figure ​(Figure1A)1A) surrounding a large aneurysm (Figure ​(Figure1A,1A, asterisk), with no sign of persistent bleeding. Right renal selective arteriography confirmed the presence of a large saccular aneurysm (35 mm of diameter) with a tiny neck (Figure ​(Figure1B,1B, asterisk) and disclosed additional aneurysms along a dysplastic and tortuous interlobar artery (Figure ​(Figure1B,1B, arrowheads). Embolization of the arterial feeders was successfully performed with coils and/or micro-coils. Fig. 1 (A) Abdominal tomodensitometry performed after intravenous injection of radiocontrast agent (arterial phase) showing a large aneurysm (asterisk) in the right kidney. (B) Right renal selective arteriography confirming the presence of a saccular aneurysm ... Aneurysms in TSC probably result from increased vascular fragility secondary to mucopolysaccharide accumulation and fragmentation of the elastic fibres in arterial walls. Their progression is usually subclinical, and diagnosis is most often made following rupture. Therefore, screening in TSC patients should include periodic abdominal ultrasonography. Tomodensitometry and MRI represent complementary imaging techniques for long-term follow-up and pre-operative evaluation. Elective embolization or surgery should be discussed considering the high risk of life-threatening rupture [3]. Conflict of interest statement. None declared.

Use of Quantitative Analysis as a Method for Differentiation between Canine Cutaneous Apocrine Adenomas and Apocrine Carcinomas on Cytological Smears

Eight canine cutaneous adenomas and eight canine cutaneous carcinomas were analysed by computer-assisted nuclear morphometry in Hemacolor-stained cytological specimens. In each case, the nuclei of at least 100 neoplastic cells were measured, and the mean nuclear area (MNA), mean nuclear perimeter (MNP), mean nuclear diameter (MND) and nuclear roundness (NR) were calculated. The results indicated an increase in the mean values of investigated parameters from canine cutaneous apocrine adenomas (MNA, 75.65+/-2.22; MNP, 31.05+/-0.55; MND, 9.62+/-0.14; NR, 1.10+/-0.009) to canine cutaneous apocrine carcinomas (MNA, 88.78+/-11.29; MNP, 34.38+/-2.43; MND, 10.43+/-0.76; NR, 1.21+/-0.07). The statistical analysis revealed statistically significant differences between benign and malignant neoplastic cells (P<0.01). The statistical differences between investigated parameters (P<0.01) were also found between the metastasizing apocrine carcinomas and all other examined carcinomas. The results indicated that the computerized morphometry could be used as an effective auxiliary tool for differential diagnosis between canine cutaneous adenomas and carcinomas on cytological smears.

Membranous basal cell adenoma of parotid gland, dermal cylindromas, and trichoepitheliomas:Comparative histochemistry and ultrastructure

A basal cell adenoma of parotid, eccrine dermal cylindromas and trichoepitheliomas occurring in the same patient were examined by light and electron microscopy and histochemistry. The eccrine and parotid adenomas were similar both structurally and histochemically except for the presence of Langerhans cells in the cutaneous adenoma and well differentiated mucinous cells in the parotid tumor. The three different hamartomas found in this individual may represent the effect of a single pleiotropic gene acting on ontogenetically related stem cells.

PATHOGENESIS OF BENIGN TUMORS OF CUTANEOUS APPENDAGES AND OF BASAL CELL EPITHELIOMA

THE PATHOGENESIS of basal cell epithelioma has so far not been satisfactorily determined. In this communication, an attempt is made to show that basal cell epitheliomas are not carcinomas but related to the so-called benign epitheliomas, cutaneous adenomas and nevi organomatosi. Evidence will be presented that the tumors belonging to these four groups are nevoid tumors, or hamartomas, originating, in accordance with the Cohnheim theory, from arrested embryonal cells, in this instance from cells of the primary epithelial germ. Variations in the degree and in the direction of differentiation prior to the onset of neoplasia would explain adequately the wide variety of histologic pictures presented. A classification of the tumors originating from the primary epithelial germ will be presented, following which the various types of tumors included in this classification will be discussed. DEVELOPMENT OF THE EPIDERMIS Since my intention is to show that the tumors which are the subject