Current Status Of Prevention Research Articles

Current status of prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases in primary care in China: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundChina launched its new round of health care reform to develop primary care in 2009, establishing 954,390 primary care institutions that employed over 10 million staff by 2019. However, some studies have shown that the prevention and management of respiratory diseases is inadequate in these institutions.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey of grassroots institutions throughout China between September and December 2020 based on the standardized Prevention and Treatment System and Capacity Building Project of Respiratory Diseases in primary care settings. The operation of the respiratory department in primary health care institutions was evaluated in terms of facilities, drugs, personnel and management of chronic diseases by means of questionnaires. Descriptive analyses were performed to calculate percentages and frequencies of key parameters.ResultsA total of 144 primary health care institutions were surveyed, including 51 in the east, 82 in the west, 9 in the central and 2 in the northeast. Approximately 60% of institutions had spirometers and pulse oximeters. The majority had short-acting bronchodilators, theophylline, systemic corticosteroids, antibiotics, and traditional Chinese medicine. More than half had at least one respiratory physician and operator for spirometry. Half of the institutions carried out screening of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease within the jurisdiction. The institutions in the east were superior to those in the west regarding the equipment, common drugs, medical staff, and management of respiratory diseases.ConclusionsThe study reveals that the overall operation of the respiratory department in primary care settings needs to be further strengthened. It is crucial to provide adequate essential equipment, medical professionals, and medicines for proper diagnosis and treatment of chronic respiratory diseases, as well as improving the management of diseases.

Current Status of Prevention and Nursing on Venous Thromboembolism among Perioperative Patients with Lung Cancer

背景与目的了解我国医院肺癌围术期患者静脉血栓栓塞症（venous thromboembolism, VTE）的预防与护理现状。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷，在第一届胸科加速康复外科（enhanced recovery after surgery, ERAS）华西论坛上，对全国108名胸外科护士长进行调查。结果① 评估工具与预防规范：97.22%的医院已采用不同评估工具对肺癌围术期患者进行VTE风险分级，其中67.59%的医院已形成VTE预防护理规范。②筛查、预防与随访：56.48%的医院对肺癌患者进行了VTE术前筛查，90.74%的医院对住院患者进行了VTE预防，52.78%的医院对出院患者继续进行了VTE预防，仅有17.59%医院对出院患者VTE的发生情况进行了随访。③不同类型医院肺癌围术期患者VTE预防现状相比，差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05），但在VTE风险评估、住院患者VTE预防方面专科医院所有患者已全面实现（100.00%）。结论肺癌围术期VTE预防工作已受到广泛重视，但尚缺乏有效的VTE风险评估工具和标准化的VTE预防护理指南。

Atherosclerosis: Current Status of Prevention and Treatment

The reality of regression of atherosclerotic plaques was established as long ago as 1987 by aggressive cholesterol reduction even before the era of statin therapy. Nevertheless, the most important aspect of patient benefit to prevent cardiovascular (CV) disease events is stabilization of these plaques so they will not rupture. Lowering of low-density lipoproteins is critical to this goal and can be considered the gold standard of preventive CV medicine. The major goal for the high-risk patient and the diabetic patient is lowering these harmful lipoproteins to less than 70 mg/dL. No discussion of CV disease prevention is complete without considering tobacco abuse and its elimination. Even secondhand smoke has been established as harmful. Control of hypertension is another major aspect of CV disease prevention, and a blood pressure less than 120/80 mm Hg is ideal. With obesity a major problem in the developed world, its role in the metabolic syndrome is of major significance as is the high prevalence of this so-called syndrome versus collection of specific risk factors in a population with poor health habits. Control of diabetes mellitus has established benefit from the standpoint of CV disease prevention except that some problems have been reported with extremely tight blood sugar control. Exercise was long considered good but now there are evidence-based reasons to recommend it as essential in CV disease prevention. There are many unforeseen frontiers in CV disease prevention but, for now, everything points to elevation of high-density lipoproteins as the next focus of this prevention.

Current status of prevention and management of radiation-induced xerostomia

头颈部肿瘤是威胁人类健康的常见疾病之一,对其治疗国内外主张综合治疗,其中放射治疗具有重要地位~([1-2]).由于唾液腺常处于照射野内,并对放射线高度敏感,因此放射治疗后易继发唾液腺损伤从而发生功能障碍,导致放射性口干燥症(radiationinduced xerostomia,RX)。

Current Status of Prevention of Surgical Site Infection in Peripheral, Remote, and Rural Operating Rooms in India – Some Observations and Recommendations

Current Status of Prevention of Surgical Site Infection in Peripheral, Remote, and Rural Operating Rooms in India – Some Observations and Recommendations

Tenacibaculosis infection in marine fish caused by Tenacibaculum maritimum: a review

Tenacibaculum maritimum is the aetiological agent of an ulcerative disease known as tenacibaculosis, which affects a large number of marine fish species in the world and is of considerable economic significance to aquaculture producers. Problems associated with epizootics include high mortality rates, increased susceptibility to other pathogens, high labour costs of treatment and enormous expenditures on chemotherapy. In the present article we review current knowledge on this bacterial pathogen, focusing on important aspects such as the phenotypic, serologic and genetic characterization of the bacterium, its geographical distribution and the host species affected. The epizootiology of the disease, the routes of transmission and the putative reservoirs of T. maritimum are also discussed. We include a summary of molecular diagnostic procedures, the current status of prevention and control strategies, the main virulence mechanisms of the pathogen, and we attempt to highlight fruitful areas for continued research.

Current status of prevention, diagnosis, and management of coronary artery disease in patients with kidney failure

Background Patients with kidney failure have a heavy burden of coronary artery disease. The results of preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic measures developed in nonuremic populations cannot automatically be extrapolated to this unique group of patients. Methods and Results Articles were reviewed if they contained English language text or an abstract identified by MEDLINE search from 1980 to 1999, supplemented by manual review of bibliographies of published articles and abstract issues of national cardiology meetings, studies on diagnostic techniques, risk modification measures, pharmacologic agents, and coronary revascularization procedures in patients with uremia. Descriptive and quantitative data as appropriate were extracted. Lipid-lowering agents may be safely administered to uremic patients. Direct evidence of lipid lowering in this population is not available and is not likely to be forthcoming. Erythropoietin therapy is effective in reversing the cardiovascular perturbations of uremic anemia, but an approach of normalizing the hematocrit cannot be recommended. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors used in acute coronary syndromes require downward dose adjustment or are contraindicated. Thrombolytic agents are underutilized in the management of myocardial infarction. Noninvasive testing is less accurate than in nonuremic populations. Coronary revascularization offers relative clinical advantages over medical therapy similar to non–kidney failure populations, even though the results in uremic patients is significantly less favorable than for nonuremic patients. Stenting is the preferred revascularization approach, and conventional balloon percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty the least favorable. Conclusions Many but not all of the benefits of therapies developed in nonuremic patients extend to patients with kidney failure. Physicians should be familiar with the advantages and limitations of each of these modalities in this population. (Am Heart J 2000;139:1000-8.)

Preventive Interventions for Conduct Disorders: A Review

Conduct disorders represent the most serious, stable, childhood psychiatric disorders. This condition has a poor long-term prognosis and entails devastating consequences for children, their families, and their communities. This article provides a review of the current status of prevention and treatment strategies for conduct disorders.

Prevention in psychiatry

This report reviews the current status of prevention in psychiatry. A more detailed discussion of specific topics, derived from working papers prepared for the Committee, will in addition be published as an edited book by Gaskell Press.

Adolescent mental health. Prevention and treatment programs.

Adolescent mental health represents a neglected area of research. Mental health objectives include the promotion of optimal functioning as well as the prevention and reduction of maladaptive functioning. This article examines behaviors and conditions that place adolescents at risk for adverse outcomes and the urgent need for prevention and treatment to promote adaptive functioning. The current status of prevention and treatment programs is discussed along with critical issues including the interrelation and contribution of both prevention and treatment; the interplay of basic and applied research; and the need to extend existing interventions as well as to devise new models to address underserved, understudied, and high-risk populations. Research on the role of adolescent development, paths toward adjustment and maladjustment, and special opportunities that adolescence presents for intervention are also discussed.

Current status of prevention and treatment of tetanus

The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care: February 1970 - Volume 10 - Issue 2 - p 181

Tetanus--still here?

The current status of prevention of lockjaw is a glaring illustration of how things can go awry generally and, specifically, of the discrepancy between highly developed medical knowledge and tools ...

Pertussis: Current Status of Prevention and Treatment

Pertussis: Current Status of Prevention and Treatment