Current State Of Economic Development Research Articles

ЦЕНООБРАЗОВАНИЕ КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННОГО РЫНКА РЕГИОНА

The current conditions of economic development require closer attention from the state, especially in the field of price formation in the food market. Food is a strategically important resource that ensures the vital activity of the nation and its prosperity. And pricing plays an important role in the implementation of this task. In this regard, it is pricing that is the key tool of the state to maintain balance in the market and influence all its participants. The authors analyzed the dynamics of prices in the food market of the region, price indices for basic groups of food products in the Republic of Buryatia, which allowed us to determine the trends in the development of the food market in the region. The conducted research has shown that today there is a transformation of consumer behavior in the region, which manifests itself in a change in consumer demand. These changes are triggered by several factors. First of all, this is the sanctions policy and the activation of domestic producers against this background within the framework of the import substitution program, while the price factor plays an important role in the formation of this trend, which is always paramount for the average buyer. The conclusions formulated in the article allow us to identify a number of proposals aimed at improving pricing as a tool for regulating the food market.

Assessment of the prospects for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in the current conditions of economic development

Assessment of the prospects for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in the current conditions of economic development

LEGAL ANALYSIS OF TARGETING AS A BASIS FOR THE PROVISION OF SOCIAL ASSISTANCE

Introduction. The relevance of the chosen topic lies in the fact that the system of social assistance is always based on the main principle - to support those who are unable to take care of themselves. Summary of the main results of the study. At the current stage of transformation of Ukrainian society, given the progressive differentiation of incomes, the most important task of the social security system is to fight poverty. A well-developed social assistance system is an important element of a modern market economy, as people face certain economic risks and other setbacks throughout their lives that can lead to loss of income. Moreover, poverty and its interrelated phenomena such as disease, crime, and social neglect have an impact on society and economic development. However, it is difficult to define who is poor. This is especially difficult in Ukraine because of the existence of a large shadow economy, underreporting of income, and a rather weak administrative system. The problem is that in recent years, as a result of lawmaking activities, many new legal principles have emerged that guide the legal regulation of the social sphere and outline the general directions of the realization of social rights. Some principles faded away, losing their relevance and ceasing to influence the realization of social rights, while others, on the contrary, having barely appeared in social security legislation, are gaining a stronger position in the system of sectoral principles. One of these principles is the principle of targeting. Targeting is a characteristic tool of anti-poverty and cost-cutting programs. The article formulates the main principles of targeted social assistance for the poor. A brief assessment of the Ukrainian social assistance system is made. Conclusion. The article provides a theoretical overview of the targeting of social assistance as a component of the state's social policy, which in turn will have a positive impact on the effectiveness of social protection. It is important to note that in the current conditions of economic development, the problem of overcoming poverty and ensuring decent living conditions for citizens is a priority task for every state. This goal is achieved by allocating funds to the targeted, least well-off categories of the population. Thus, ideally, all those in need and the poor should receive assistance provided by the laws of Ukraine on the basis of targeted social payments. Targeting is a characteristic tool of anti-poverty programs.

МЕТОДЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ТРАНСПОРТНЫМИ СИСТЕМАМИ НА ОСНОВЕ ВНЕДРЕНИЯ И ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ ИНСТРУМЕНТОВ БЕРЕЖЛИВОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА НА ПРОМЫШЛЕННОМ ПРЕДПРИЯТИИ

In the current conditions of economic development, any industrial enterprise is working to increase the efficiency of its activities, in particular, by introducing logistical innovations into the production system that help reduce costs and increase output volumes. It is on this methodology that the logistics principles of «lean manufacturing» are based. In this paper, the concept of «lean manufacturing» is considered, which directly affects the reduction of losses, reduction of production costs and optimization of the main processes of warehouse logistics, and as a result, improving the quality of products, and also presents a model of the plan for creating a «lean warehouse».

CURRENT SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROBLEMS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN TERRITORIES OF UKRAINE UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR

In the current territory conditions of urbanization, development, and intense urbanization, a series of problems arise related to implementing and realizing effective policies amid constant internal and external changes. This necessitates the identification of problems in the economic development of urbanized territories in Ukraine. The issue was exacerbated by the Russo-Ukrainian War, which posed direct risks and threats to the country's national security. Through the analysis of the current state of economic development in urbanized territories, it identified that the following problems hinder economic development: disparities in the development of urbanized environments, a low level of cooperation between regions, outdated approaches to urban planning leading to urban sprawl and chaotic construction, unbalanced housing policies, and urban infrastructure that does not meet modern requirements. The military; aggression from the Russian Federation has led to the decline of economic development in urbanized territories, resulting in a high level of external and internal migration, increased unemployment, and overall deterioration of the country's economic growth. Effective development programs at national and regional levels address urbanized territory development problems. These programs should focus on reconstructing territories, infrastructure, and industry, creating a comfortable and safe environment, providing new job opportunities, reducing unemployment, and promoting overall economic growth.. Keywords: urbanized territories, Russian-Ukrainian War, social problems of territory development, economic problems of territory development, national security.

The Impact of Educational Development on Economic Growth: Evidence from Different Regions of China

Education development has always been a significant influencing factor in fostering a strong economy. The level of education development greatly impacts a nation's quantity of skilled individuals, technological and military advancements, and industrial growth, among other factors. A robust education level and abundant educational resources can promote and stabilize a country's overall economic progress. This article takes China as a primary example, conducting a specific comparative analysis between the education development levels and the richness of educational resources in the northwestern and eastern regions of China. Furthermore, from an educational perspective within the context of education development, the article explores how education influences the current state of economic development in the region. Simultaneously, it deduces that there exists a proportional relationship between the degree of education development and economic advancement and concludes that education's impact on the economy is both long-term and positive.

Evaluation of the economic development of European Union countries

In the European Union (EU), as a global economic community, there are countries with very different levels of economic development. Therefore, it takes place unevenly – some countries develop intensively, but with significant changes in it, others – stably, without significant changes, but not intensively, etc. In such a situation, it is important to determine adequately the current state of economic development. It is an integral quantity that combines both development changes and intensity. These two components of development form two of its partial indicators. Combined into one size, they comprehensively reflect the current situation of the country’s economic development. Development refers to a process, so it must be assessed not on the basis of the state at the end of the period under consideration, but on the whole of this period. The presentation of development in the sense of recent years does not reflect the overall development process, based on the economic development of countries 2018–2022. Their ranks are determined by the results of the comprehensive assessment. Since they do not adequately reflect the current situation, the countries were combined into homogeneous groups, where countries with close values of the economic development indicator were located. This allows to highlight the economic development trends of EU countries.

Региональная и отраслевая экономика технологического суверенитета России

Introduction. The current state of economic development is due to a long period of spatial infrastructure formation, which is the basis for the formation of a state policy actual concept in its priority areas. The socio-economic strategy of the Russian Federation is currently, for objective reasons, associated with the implementation of the import substitution program. The issue of creating a concept for the formation of technological sovereignty as the main driver of the development of the regional, sectoral economy and the economy of the country as a whole is outlined in the current agenda. Theoretical analysis. The unprecedented economic sanctions imposed against Russia were aimed at weakening Russia’s role on a global scale. The response was the announcement of an immediate course of state policy aimed at intensifying the technical and technological development of the country. Since 2005, the Russian Federation has formed not only import substitution mechanisms, but also created its own innovative infrastructure for the implementation of the spatial economic development strategy. Empirical analysis. Research in the field of the technological sovereignty concept formation has allowed us to formulate a number of global problems and challenges to be solved. The basis of the conceptual presentation were the strategic directions of scientific and technological development formulated by the President of Russia for the period up to 2030. The revitalization of the domestic system is the starting point for building internal potential and establishing stable foreign economic relations. Results. Having considered the existing forms and mechanisms of economic space formation, it became possible to identify the main sites on the basis of which priority strategic directions of development will be implemented. The key tasks in achieving technological sovereignty are to change the system of personnel training, the formation of technological and scientific potentials, the creation of an ecosystem of interaction of various representatives, the implementation of a cluster approach in industry and the creation of investment attractiveness in the regions. As a regulatory mechanism for achieving technological sovereignty, the formation of approaches to the definition of the concept of “technoeconomics” as a new sector in the economic space to achieve the fundamental stability of the Russian economy is proposed.

CONTEMPORARY METHODS OF INNOVATIVE ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT

The purpose of the article is to study contemporary methods of innovative management and their application to increase the efficiency of economic activity at the enterprise. The methodological basis of this article is scientific works of outstanding scientists and materials of periodicals. During the research, the method of logical analysis was used in the work to substantiate the tasks of innovation management where there is a clear organization and ensuring the coordinated work of teams. For the purpose of unanimous acceptance of the object of research and a comprehensive assessment of modern methods within the limits of the defined problem, the method of system analysis was used.
 Current state of economic development dictate certain conditions, where a significant factor in the effective long-term functioning of any enterprise is the successful implementation of innovative activities, which allows to guarantee its technical, technological and economic development to a greater extent. These goals include the need to increase the innovative activity of the enterprise, increase the innovative potential and carry out systematic planning, as well as the development and implementation of innovations.
 The innovation management process uses the main provisions of certain areas of knowledge in a complex, organically combining them, subordinating the main tasks of the economic management of production. The problem of management consists in the well-founded determination of the general directions in the development of the managed object, which operates not only according to general economic laws, but also in the selection of the correct decisions in the current management system for each individual period of time. This means that an element of the decisive foundations of innovation management is the accounting of the real situation and objective trends in the development of both the national economy in general and its separate links, as well as the necessary consideration of those features that affect the nature of production, its placement and some other essential factors. The task of enterprise management is to develop theoretical provisions that determine the mechanism of action of the objective bases of innovative processes management and means of influencing this mechanism in order to create the most favorable conditions for increasing production efficiency. The proposed classification of factors, which, unlike the previous ones, takes into account the economic conditions of the present, which allows to improve the methods of innovative management of the enterprise, that can be used extremely effectively in the entities of economic activity.

EVALUATION OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND INVESTMENT IN CHINA

With the globalization of economy, China is playing an increasingly important role in the world economy. As a part of China's economy, the development of agricultural economy has influenced the development of China's economy. At present, China's economic growth rate has decreased slightly due to the impact of the epidemic. China's economic development has kept in touch with the world economy. This article evaluates the current state of economic development and investment in China under the influence of globalization process and external economic processes. It also examines in detail the theoretical foundations and practical application of agricultural investment management, with the aim of providing useful recommendations and reference materials for decision-makers in the agricultural sector by defining basic concepts, analyzing the foundations of theory and research methods.

Prospects for the development of the banking business of Ukraine in the conditions of global challenges

Methods. The theoretical and scientific-methodological basis of the research is the provisions of economic science, the theory of banking and the monetary system. To assess the level of lending and the risk of credit activities during the period of global challenges, official statistical data were used, and their analysis was performed using statistical and graphical methods. With the use of MS Excel spreadsheets to construct trend lines, a forecast of credit activity and the share of non-performing loans in Ukraine during the martial law period was made. The method of generalization was used in determining the external and internal factors that can affect the banking sector and cause a banking crisis. Results. Specific features and problems of functioning of the banking system of Ukraine in the period of global economic and political challenges are identified. The role played by the effective development of the banking system in the current state of economic development at the national and global levels is defined. It was revealed that the banking system in Ukraine is extremely vulnerable to changes in the global financial markets, which is associated with a constant increase in the volume of attracting external international financial resources to finance the state and financial sectors of the economy. It has been established that global crises affect the state of crediting of the Ukrainian economy, as well as the level of non-repayment of loans. The main ways of activity of the National Bank of Ukraine, aimed at overcoming the negative impact of global crises have been determined taking into account the international experience of banking activity. Novelty. The study determined the impact of global crises on lending by Ukrainian banks to the economic activities of subjects, in particular the Covid-19 pandemic and military actions on the territory of Ukraine. Practical value. Ways to overcome the banking crisis in Ukraine are proposed using international experience and taking into account such factors as the country’s state of war and prospects for its joining the EU.

Problems of Financial Analysis of the Liquidity and Solvency of the Organization

The success of any commercial organization in the current conditions of economic development depends on the validity of management decisions. One of the sources that provide information for making such decisions is analytical data on the financial sustainability of the organization. In the system of financial analysis, when assessing financial stability, the focus is on the analysis of the liquidity and solvency of the organization as its ability to pay for obligations mainly in cash. Sufficiency of funds allows for timely settlements, purchases of raw materials and materials, timely renewal of fixed assets, etc. Literature review revealed that the issues of liquidity and solvency analysis were examined in sufficient detail, however, among there is no unity of theoretical formulations and assessment of the practical significance of the proposed methodological support. The purpose of this research was to consider the approach to interpret the liquidity and solvency of an organization, identify significant values of the relevant terms for the purposes of financial analysis and allocation, problems that help identify the real liquidity of an organization using the proposed procedure for calculating the relevant coefficients. The research generalized and systematized relevant literature sources and the legal framework. The study found that, first, when assessing the financial stability of an organization, it is necessary to separate the concepts of liquidity and solvency, based on the forms of payment in which the organization can repay obligations. Second, there is a problem of designation of indicators and information support of the financial analysis of the organization's liquidity. Third, it is difficult to ensure the validity of analytical calculations by all interested users of reporting information.

Machine Learning as a Modern Approach to Data Analysis

Relevance. Given the widespread digitalization and automation of production processes, information technology in modern society is becoming increasingly important. Methods and methods used earlier become unsuitable in the current conditions of economic development. Against this background, machine learning is of particular importance, designed to analyze information faster and more efficiently than a person. Machine learning is an emerging field of computational algorithms designed to mimic human intelligence and discover patterns in data. Today it is one of the fastest growing technical fields, lying at the intersection of computer science, statistics and business. Machine learning is already being effectively used to solve various analytical and optimization problems.The purpose of the article is to study machine learning from a theoretical point of view and evaluate the effect of its application.Objectives: explore the phenomenon of "Big Data" as an impetus to the use of machine learning; consider the history of the origin of machine learning; give an interpretation of this concept; describe the basic principles of machine learning; assess interest in this area; study specific cases of successful implementation of machine learning.Methodology. During scientific research, empirical, theoretical, statistical methods and methods of graphical representation were used.Results. Theoretical aspects of machine learning were studied, the indicators of the popularity of this topic both in the scientific field and in business were studied. Examples of the positive effect of the use of machine learning are shown.Conclusions. The paper emphasizes the importance of the topic under consideration, considering the latest trends, justifies the benefits of using modern methods of analysis.

Intersectoral economic relations in the field of storage of grain and grain products

The problems of improving intersectoral economic relations in the current conditions of economic development of Kazakhstan are determined by market forms of selling grain and grain products. The goal – one of the main tasks to be solved - to provide a set of measures to overcome the imbalance in the relationship between agricultural and processing enterprises, since the organizational and economic relations between them are one of the bottlenecks in the grain product subcomplex. Methods – comparative analysis, statistical and economic, system analysis, logical generalization. Results – an increase in grain production requires the expansion of the capacities of enterprises in the elevator industry, mainly through new construction. Enterprises in modern conditions are characterized with increased capacity and more modern equipment in comparison with elevators in the territory of the CIS countries. As the main type of intersectoral interaction, the economic relations of agriculture and the elevator industry for the sale of grain are singled out. Conclusions – in any form of ownership, the expensive fixed assets of elevators created over decades should be used rationally, in the interests of the entire food system of the country. In addition to the types of services, such as exchange operations, assistance in the preparation of varietal seeds of grain crops, elevators and grain-receiving enterprises should form commodity lots of grain for its producers, carry out commercial transactions on market on their behalf, and also engage in mortgage transactions. In conditions of limited material and financial resources for commodity producers, joint use of the capacities of large elevators, grain-receiving and processing enterprises acquires importance. Elevators and other grain-receiving enterprises, being the main participants in grain market of the Republic of Kazakhstan, are designed to ensure the promotion of grain from commodity producers to processors and directly to consumers, the main task of these enterprises is to give the grain a marketable appearance to maximize consumer demand.

Formation of innovative industry development

In the current conditions of economic development, the formation of innovative sectoral development is provided on the basis of the global implementation of human capital. In the situation of economic crises due to the instability of the external environment, human capital is the only source and resource for innovative changes in economic processes. Therefore, we propose to consider the indicator "human capital" as the basis for major innovative changes in the growth of modern Russian economy, which has been investigated in this article. The actualization of modern innovation policy, which includes guidelines for the development of the Russian Federation towards an innovation-technologically developed path, has determined the particular importance of the "human capital" indicator. The authors have highlighted the methodology for investigating the synergy of these research aspects. In the paper a conclusion is drawn, that taking into account imperfection of existing conceptual positions concerning a role and value of the human capital in the course of forming of innovative branch development for the purpose of increase of innovative activity of all participants of branch economic system and maintenance of influence on intensive development of branches and complexes, it is necessary to provide objective revision of traditional approaches of branch development research. The given research will allow increasing innovative activity of all participants of branch industrial-economic system. At the same time, human potential acts as the main driving force and asset of ensuring sustainable and intensive sectoral development, determines the opportunities of sectoral production and economic systems for the formation of diversification directions The structural and logical scheme of ensuring innovative sectoral development, which includes the stages of innovative development, such as the stage of forming prerequisites for innovative sectoral development, the stage of realization of human potential in the industry, the stage of realization of aggregate.

Problems of management of economic security of the enterprise on the basis of the competence approach

Introduction. The current state of economic development draws attention to the formation of the management component, which should be responsible for biases regarding threats to the enterprise. The rationality of managing the economic security of the enterprise involves a timely response to changes in the internal and external environment. The organization of these aspects into a stable purposeful dynamic process is achieved by creating an appropriate structure for managing the economic security of the enterprise, which is manifested in the fixation of the composition, interconnection and interdependence of the characteristic elements of the organizational system. Ensuring the effective management of the economic security of the enterprise should become the basis for the successful and long-term existence of enterprises in the conditions of competitive struggle. One of the directions for solving these issues can be the expansion of competencies that form the management of the economic security of the enterprise as a whole, which is the result of the management of the economic potential of the enterprise. Purpose. The purpose of the work is to research and analyze problems related to the management of the economic security of the enterprise. Determine directions for overcoming problems based on the competence approach. Method (methodology). In the research process, the following methods of theoretical generalization were applied (with the interference of the concepts "enterprise economic security management system", "informational component", "management process"), the method of analysis and synthesis (for the formation of evaluation results regarding the management of economic security of the enterprise), a systematic approach ( for the formation of the economic security management system of the enterprise). Results. The article examines the formation of the economic security system of the enterprise. The main components of the system and their relationship are defined. The management mechanism of the economic security system is defined. Among the problems of managing the economic security of the enterprise, a significant place is given to the informational component. The meaningful concept of the effectiveness of managing the economic security of the enterprise is defined. It is proposed to calculate an integral indicator to determine the effectiveness of the economic security management of the enterprise. The article considers the interference of concepts, the concepts of "management system of economic security of the enterprise", "informational component", "management process"), as conditions of the competence approach to the management system of economic security of the enterprise.

ПРОБЛЕМИ МІЖНАРОДНОЇ МАКРОЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ НЕСТАБІЛЬНОСТІ

The modern economic system is inextricably linked with the processes of globalization and regionalization. International economic instability becomes part of global political instability. Obvious large-scale changes in the structure, geography, management model of the world economy. However, the theoretical understanding of these changes lags behind current practices. Thus, the purpose of this article is to identify the main problematic components in the management models of economic processes and their causes, as well as to propose possible scenarios for exiting the crisis. Against the backdrop of ongoing global challenges, the current conditions of economic development (as well as its forms) are manifested in macroeconomic instability, which consists in the change of functioning system industries and objects. There is an accumulation of changes in the system, and as soon as the dominance exceeds the power of stabilizing factors, interconnection and interdependence, which maintain the system balance, oscillations are disturbed and the equilibrium positions are lost. Thus, the system becomes unstable. Considering the circumstances in which the economy develops and the periodicity of fluctuations in the economic system, its stability is disturbed, which depends on the factor of timely adjustments to the economic system itself to normalize fluctuations in the system. The economy as a system develops unevenly, wave-like, which is defined in economic theory by the law of diminishing marginal productivity of all factors. The expansion of relationships between the subjects of the world economy and the structural arrangement of its elements increasingly raise the question of rethinking the nature of economic reality and the regularity of its formation. The global economic system is getting complicated, and everything is complicated very selectively. Movement through evolutionary complication means the realization of less likely events. The principle of selection allows the existence of bifurcation states, including even the absence of stochastic factors, such as fluctuations in exchange rates, market prices, energy resources, etc., a transition to many new states is possible.

Assessing the Impact of Anti-Inflationary Instruments on Price Stability

The article analyzes the peculiarities of theoretical-methodological and scientific-applied aspects of the formation of anti-inflationary policy as a component of economic stabilization in the current conditions of economic development. The results of the study show that the category of «anti-inflationary policy» most often appears in the context of the following categories: inflation, politics, governmental regulation, macroeconomic stability and macroeconomic policy. As a result of the decomposition of scientific and methodological approaches to the definition of anti-inflationary policy as an economic category, anti-inflationary policy is considered as a form of macroeconomic policy functionally aimed at regulating inflationary processes. Since achieving economic growth has economic stability at its foundation, anti-inflationary policies should be seen as an integral element of sustainable progress towards transformation, i.e. anti-inflationary policy is a stabilization measure at the macroeconomic level. A retrospective analysis of instruments for achieving price stability shows that the most common and efficient instrument for regulating the exchange rate are currency interventions. Regarding the regulation of consumer prices, it is possible to note the systematic use of currency exchange rate support instruments, a balanced change in prices for tariffs and services which is regulated by the administration

PROFESSIONALIZATION OF SOCIETY: INTERACTION OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND THE LABOR MARKET

The article considers the role of professionalization to ensure effective employment, as well as the problem of matching learning outcomes and qualifications to the needs of the labor market in the current conditions of economic development, new challenges and urgent tasks that arise between all participants in the social dialogue. Attention is focused on the fact that business and education are no longer self-sufficient and are increasingly dependent on each other, therefore, strengthening the integration of educational services and labor markets is the most important factor in successful socio-economic development in the context of globalization. The flexibility and adaptability of the system of primary professionalization to the needs of the labor market, the focus of educational services on meeting the needs of business is the primary task of management in the education system, and also leads to an increase in the efficiency of the labor market. But today, even the best universities do not keep up with the pace of development of the business context and cannot adapt educational programs in a timely manner. The modern Ukrainian labor market is characterized by significant professional and qualification imbalances.Unresolved problems of employment, in particular for young people, lead to negative consequences, therefore, special attention should be paid to the development and implementation of projects that are focused on financing active measures to promote employment; conducting marketing research or using the services of marketing services in order to study the needs of the labor market, determine the specialties in demand, professional skills, competencies and skill levels that specialists should possess in accordance with the requirements of employers; providing a leading role for the International Labor Organization to achieve the goal of improving employment opportunities for trained youth, promoting better integration in the labor market and reducing youth unemployment or economic inactivity. It was noted that after the end of the war, the highest growth rates will be achieved in industries that will work to restore the domestic market, but the need for professions will depend on the economic strategy of Ukraine and how actively the economy will recover and develop.

The role of the developed and developing economies in the Central Asian countries’ economic growth

The current state of economic development of the countries of Central Asia is controversive. Their GDP grows faster than the global GDP, but their economies from the other hand are extremely ineffective in distribution of wealth, the use of gained resources. In order to overcome this, multiple mechanisms are created, namely the development banks and institutions, BRI, EAEU etc. These institutions represent the interests of the major regional players. The article concentrates on the interests of Asian countries and Russia, giving a glance on the mechanisms these countries use and their real power in the region. The author conducted statistical analysis, used dilogical approach to the gains and losses of the economies of Central Asia in the context of their cooperation with major players – PRC, Russia, Japan and others. The risks of such cooperation were revealed too, firstly, the risks for economic growth, but including the risks of social character. The results of the study demonstrate that the current situation is far from positive, as every positive influence is controversed by negative. In this regard, the major finding s include this controversy, the recommendations for easing the issues of economic cooperation, the practical proof of the tightening grip of PRC on the region and the weakening influence of Russia in Central Asia.