Curcuma Research Articles (Page 1)

To observe the clinical effect of acupuncture and moxibustion combined with umbilical therapy on anxiety and depression in patients with neurogenic bladder (NB) after spinal cord injury (SCI). Thirty cases of NB after SCI with anxiety and depression were selected and treated with acupuncture and moxibustion combined with umbilical therapy. Acupuncture was applied at Baihui (GV20), Yintang (GV24+), Sanyinjiao (SP6), Shenmen (HT7), Hegu (LI4), Taichong (LR3), once a day, continuous treatment for 4 weeks. Ginger moxibustion was applied at the bladder meridian of foot taiyang and governor vessel, once a day, continuous treatment for 4 weeks. In treatment of umbilical therapy, Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri), Yujin (Radix Curcumae), Rougui (Cortex Cinnamomi) were ground and mixed with the same amount of honey, put into the application, and the application was placed on the navel after filling the navel with fine salt, once a day for 4 weeks. Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) score, Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) score, urodynamic indexes (maximum urinary flow rate [Qmax], maximum detrusor pressure [Pdet-max], residual urine volume [RUV]), neurogenic bladder symptom score (NBSS), urinary symptom distress scale (USDS) score were compared before and after treatment, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. After treatment, the scores of HAMA, HAMD, NBSS, USDS and RUVwere lower than those before treatment (P<0.05), and Qmax and Pdet-max were higher than those before treatment (P<0.05). The total effective rate was 93.3 (28/30). Acupuncture and moxibustion combined with umbilical therapy can effectively relieve anxiety and depression symptoms, improve urination disorders in patients with NB after SCI.

目的抑郁症是最常见的精神类疾病，属于中医“郁证、百合病”范畴。中医通过辨证论治治疗抑郁症具有疗效佳、安全性好的特点，但抑郁症辨证分型没有统一标准，造成在分析患者用药规律时与患者证候脱节，导致更具体的针对某一证候的用药规律研究无从下手。因此，本研究拟在对抑郁患者客观分型的基础上，研究不同亚型抑郁症患者的用药规律。方法通过收集相关数据库（包括中国知网、万方、维普、Sinomed、Web of Science以及PubMed）中的中药复方治疗抑郁症的临床文献，对患者症状和用药信息进行规范化处理，统计抑郁患者的症状频次、用药频次。利用K-means聚类方法结合隐结构分析方法，对抑郁症患者进行客观分型，同时总结每一类亚型抑郁患者的主要证候以及所用核心方剂，并且在客观分型的基础上统计抑郁患者所用中药的四气五味归经、药物功效以及药物共现分析，以揭示其中的用药规律。结果共纳入3537篇文献，收录方剂4434首。基于K-means算法以及隐结构分析方法将抑郁患者分为9个亚型，其中占比最高的为Cluster 6。抑郁患者最常见的症状为失眠与情绪低落；药物频次分析表明，柴胡、白芍、茯苓、川芎和郁金是应用最广泛的中药材；Cluster 1、Cluster 2与Cluster 6抑郁患者亚型使用最多的是活血化瘀药，Cluster 3、Cluster 4、Cluster 5、Cluster 8和Cluster 9抑郁患者亚型使用最多的为理气药，而Cluster 7抑郁患者亚型则使用补气药最多；抑郁患者使用药物多性寒、温，五味以甘、苦、辛味为主；Cluster 1与Cluster 6主入脾经，Cluster 2、Cluster 3、Cluster 4、Cluster 5主入心经，其余亚型主入肝经。9个抑郁患者亚型使用的核心方剂分别为滋水清肝饮、丹栀逍遥散、黄连温胆汤、柴胡桂枝汤、加减逍遥散、清肝解郁汤、逍遥散、血府逐瘀汤以及八珍汤；使用频次最高的药对分别为甘草-柴胡、白芍-柴胡、陈皮-柴胡。结论基于机器学习的方法，本研究揭示了中医分型和辨证论治的科学性，明确了从患者不同证型入手治疗抑郁症的合理性，为临床医师遣方用药提供了可参考的理论依据，也为中药方剂用药规律的研究提供了新的研究思路。

Astragali Radix (AR) - Curcumae Rhizoma (vinegar processed, CR) herb pair was recorded in 'YIXUE ZHONGZHONG CANXILU' to treat colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). Hedysari Radix (HR) was categorized under the AR entry in 'SHENNONG BENCAO JING'. HR is still an alternative to AR paired with CR clinically in northwest China. Hedysari Radix Praeparata Cum Melle (HRPCM) is a product that HR fries with honey to enhance the therapeutic effect. However, the mechanism of HRPCM paired with CR (HRCR) in CAC needs to be further elucidated. HRCR-MIAS were prepared using the eversion intestinal sac method. UHPLC Q-Exactive-MS investigated the compositions in HRCR-MIAS. Then, the mechanism of HRCR in CAC mice was predicted based on network pharmacology analysis in combination with the compositions in HRCR-MIAS. The pharmacodynamic effects of HRCR-MIAS for SW620 colon cancer cells were invested in vitro. The efficacies of HRCR low-, middle-, and high-dose groups (HRCR-L, 3.413 g/kg; HRCR-M, 6.825 g/kg; HRCR-H, 13.650 g/kg) in CAC mice were explored. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were employed to assay The inflammatory factors levels, like IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α in serum. The expressions of the intestinal permeability proteins, such as Claudin-1, Occludin, and ZO-1, were detected via immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Finally, the predicted signalling was verified by Western blot (WB). 855 common components were identified in HRCR and HRCR-MIAS, and 25 specific components in HRCR-MIAS were pointed out. Based on network pharmacology analysis, the inflammatory response and the cross-linked MAPK signalling and NF-kB signalling were predicted to be the main reasons for HRCR in CAC. HRCR-MIAS inhibited the proliferation, induced apoptosis, regulated the cell cycle progression, and restrained the SW620 cells' ability to migrate and invade in vitro. The outcomes of the WB experiment exhibited that HRCR-MIAS inhibited the expression of key proteins such as MEKK1, RAS, ERK, IKB and NF-kB in the MAPK/NF-kB signalling pathway of SW620 cells. The study in vivo found that the different doses of HRCR recovered the loss of body weight, the shortened colon length, the increased tumour counts, the abnormal changes in spleen and thymus indices, the colonic lesions, the unbalanced inflammatory factors levels like IL-10, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in serum, and the down-regulated intestinal permeability proteins such as Claudin-1, Occludin, and ZO-1. Experimental validation by WB confirmed that HRCR inhibited the expression of the key proteins, including MEKK1 RAS, ERK, IKB, and NF-kB, in the MAPK/NF-kB signalling in CAC mice. HRCR not only suppresses the process of colonic inflammation and improves intestinal permeability but also relieves CAC by inhibiting the activated MAPK/NF-kB signalling cascade to alleviate CAC.

Exploring the anti-inflammatory effects of Radix Curcumae essential oil in pulmonary sarcoidosis via the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.

In this study, we employed a multi-dimensional data mining approach to examine the clinical instances where Professor Xu Zhiyin treated thyroid nodules. Our aim is to understand the patterns of symptoms, underlying causes, and treatment approaches used for thyroid nodules. By doing so, the intention is to distill the essential aspects, compile Professor Xu Zhiyin's clinical insights, and investigate his scholarly perspectives. Professor Xu Zhiyin's clinical diagnoses and treatments spanning from 2009 to 2019 were entered into Microsoft Excel. Subsequently, the collected data was imported into the Medcase V5.2 system to facilitate data mining. Various techniques, such as frequency-based method, association rule analysis, and clustering, including a decentralized system clustering approach, were employed on a set of 346 cases involving patients with thyroid nodules that conformed to the specified criteria. The primary focus was on extracting insights regarding symptoms and the underlying causes from the medical records. By integrating these findings with Professor Xu Zhiyin's clinical expertise, we examined and summarized the outcomes of the data mining process. The fundamental prescriptions were successfully extracted using the techniques for mining across multiple dimensions. Utilizing the scattered grouping of these prescriptions and with reference to the cluster analysis of the frequency-linked system, the fundamental prescriptions proposed by Professor Xu Zhiyin for addressing thyroid nodules encompass the following ingredients: Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, Cortex Moutan, Paeoniae radix rubra, Curcuma longa L., Radix Curcumae, persica seed, Citri Reticulatae Viride Pericarpium, Pinellia ternata, Spica Prunellae, Ostreae concha, Gleditsia sinensis spine, Tuckahoe and Radix Codonopsis. The fundamental prescriptions were acquired using the frequency approach, association rule technique, k-means clustering approach, and systematic clustering approach. The research findings corroborate one another, demonstrating that Professor Xu Zhiyin's approach to distinguishing and treating thyroid nodules is embodied in distinct prescriptions tailored to specific diseases.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common disease with high morbidity and mortality. Curdione is a sesquiterpenoid from Radix Curcumae. The current study is aimed to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of curdione on ferroptosis in MI. Isoproterenol (ISO) was used to induce MI injury in mice and H9c2 cells. Curdione was orally given to mice once daily for 7 days. Echocardiography, biochemical kits, and western blotting were performed on the markers of cardiac ferroptosis. Curdione at 50 and 100 mg/kg significantly alleviated ISO-induced myocardial injury. Curdione and ferrostatin-1 significantly attenuated ISO-induced H9c2 cell injury. Curdione effectively suppressed cardiac ferroptosis, evidenced by decreasing malondialdehyde and iron contents, and increasing glutathione (GSH) level, GSH peroxidase 4 (GPX4), and ferritin heavy chain 1 expression. Importantly, drug affinity responsive target stability, molecular docking, and surface plasmon resonance technologies elucidated the direct target Keap1 of curdione. Curdione disrupted the interaction between Keap1 and thioredoxin1 (Trx1) but enhanced the Trx1/GPX4 complex. In addition, curdione-derived protection against ISO-induced myocardial ferroptosis was blocked after overexpression of Keap1, while enhanced after Keap1 silence in H9c2 cells. These findings demonstrate that curdione inhibited ferroptosis in ISO-induced MI via regulating Keap1/Trx1/GPX4 signaling pathway.

Gandouling (GDL) Pill is a novel Traditional Chinese medicinal drug to treat Wilson's disease in clinics. It is composed of six separate herbal medicines, including Rhei Radix ET Rhizoma, Coptidis Rhizoma, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix ET Rhizoma, Spatholobi Caulis, Curcumae Rhizoma, and Curcumae Longae Rhizoma. In this study, a strategy was proposed to investigate the chemical constituents and to quantify the potential bioactive components in GDL Pill. Firstly, the mass fragmentation behaviors of representative compounds were investigated, and, in total, 69 compounds were characterized in GDL Pill using full scan/dd-MS2 scan mode by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)/Q-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (MS). These compounds included 18 alkaloids, 18 ketones, 16 phenolic compounds, 11 organic acids, and 6 tanshinones. Seventeen of the compounds were unambiguously identified by comparison with reference standards. Secondly, the absorption components of GDL Pill in rat plasma were investigated by using target-Selected Ion Monitoring (t-SIM) scan mode built in Q-Orbitrap MS. A total of 18 components were detected, which were considered as potential bioactive components of GDL Pill. Thirdly, 10 major absorption components were simultaneously determined in six batches of samples by UPLC/diode array detector (DAD). The method was fully validated with respect to linearity, precision, repeatability, stability, and recovery. Alkaloids from Coptidis Rhizoma, such as coptisine (8), berberine (18), palmatine (19), were the most abundant bioactive compounds for GDL Pill that possess the potential be used as quality markers. The proposed strategy is practical and efficient for revealing the material basis of GDL Pill, and also provides a simple and accurate method for quality control.

A highly sensitive method was developed for simultaneously separating and identifying multiple compounds in radix curcumae. The determination of these compounds was achieved by combining supercritical fluid chromatography with drift tube ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight MS. Related parameters were optimized: the RX-SIL column was used as the stationary phase, methanol was selected as the organic modifier, back pressure was 120 bar, back temperature was 60°C, the mobile phase flow rate was 1.75 mL/min, the makeup solvent was 0.2% formic acid/methanol with a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min. Under optimal conditions, multipolar compounds were separated. Furthermore, these compounds were identified by the values of collision sectional areas. The established method was verified by related parameters and exhibited good linearity, sensitivity, precision and accuracy. It could be extended to analyze other curcuminoids and sesquiterpenoids in natural products.

Progress towards a molecular-level understanding of Curcuma alismatifolia

Traditional herbal medicines are widely accepted in the world. Certain countries and WHO have research investment in traditional herbal medicines. COVID-19 came as a major Health care challenge for human in 2019. 480 deaths have been recorded till 18 th of April 2020 in India. No pharmaceutical products have yet been shown to be safe and effective for the treatment of COVID-19. Major 3 types of targets of COVID-19 were identified by researches, which are as follow – 1) Inhibit coronavirus at structural level, 2) Inhibit coronavirus RNA synthesis and replication and 3) Inhibit virulence factor of Coronavirus. Certain Herbal medicines like Tribulus terrestris, Withania somnifera, Curcuma longa, Ocimum sanctum, and Phyllanthus emblica have potent Anti-COVID properties , which is indicating new sunrise in the direction of Herbal medicine.

Honey, curcumin, ginger, and Nigella sativa are known for their antioxidant, immune stimulation properties, and wound healing effects. This study was conducted to determine the effect of these compounds and their mixture on the bone healing of the radial bone defect model in rats. One hundred and ten radial bone defects in 55 healthy male rats were randomly divided into 11 groups (10 rats per group). Groups 1-5 received honey, curcumin, ginger, and Nigella sativa orally by gavage, and groups 6-10 received the same materials locally by rubbing them on the sutured skin. The bone repair effects of these materials were evaluated by histopathology and biomechanical examinations. Using honey, curcumin, ginger, and Nigella sativa exhibited a beneficial effect to promote bone healing in this study. The biomechanical and histopathologic evaluations showed that the honey (oral), the mixture of honey and curcumin (oral), and the mixture of honey and Nigella sativa (topical) groups exhibited significantly better results at 52nd postoperative day compared to the other groups.

Abstract Background: Wounds are considered health indispositions with detrimental socio-economic influences on the afflicted and their kin. Curcuma longa or turmeric has been used in the treatment of wounds. Employing the extracts of turmeric as a bioactive ingredient in an aqueous cream could enhance its value in wound treatment. Aim: This study aimed to formulate aqueous creams containing concentrations of ethanolic extract of turmeric (EET) as bioactive ingredients, evaluate their stability and wound healing activities in male Wistar rats using hydroxyproline (HXP) as a biochemical marker. Materials and methods: Solutions of 1.5, 3.0 and 5.0 % w/v of crude EET were prepared and also incorporated as bioactive ingredients in aqueous creams. The stability of the creams was evaluated and their wound healing effects were studied using distilled water, dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) and cholesterol as controls in male Wistar rats. Results: The creams were stable in colour, pH, viscosity, etc. and exhibited wound healing activities. The animals treated with the crude 1.5 % w/v EET and its cream demonstrated the highest tissue HXP level showing significant percentage differences in tissue HXP levels from the control groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The crude EET has been confirmed to possess wound healing properties with an optimal effective concentration for wound healing in male Wistar rats determined as 1.5 % w/v which when incorporated as a bioactive ingredient in an aqueous cream retained its efficacy in wound healing and could therefore be beneficial in the treatment of body injuries.

Antituberculor activity of Curcuminoids isolated from Curcuma longa Rhizomes

A rapid, efficient, and environmentally friendly matrix solid-phase dispersion microextraction was established to determine and quantify terpenoids in Radix Curcumae using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector. Various parameters affecting the extraction were investigated in detail, such as the grinding time, amount of adsorbent, type and concentration of elution solvent, and pH. The optimization of single-factor and response surface methodology was performed to confirm the best conditions in this procedure. The final optimized conditions were obtained by applying 70mg of cucurbituril as adsorbent, 149 s as the optimum grinding time, and 228mM of 3-(N,N-dimethylpalmitylammonio)propanesulfonate aqueous solution (pH6.5) as the optimal elution solvent. The validated method showed a satisfactory linear range of 0.10-10 µg/mL for curdione and furanodiene, 0.01-10 µg/mL for isocurcumenol and germacrone, and 0.05-10 µg/mL for furanodienone, while the correlation coefficients ranged from 0.9945 to 0.9970. The recoveries of the investigated analytes at two spiked concentration levels (0.1 and 1.0 µg/mL) ranged from 96.53 to 104.60%. In addition, this method displayed acceptable reproducibility (relative standard deviation ≤ 3.66%). The results showed that the newly proposed matrix solid-phase dispersion microextraction method was successfully applied to analyze curdione, isocurcumenol, furanodienone, germacrone and furanodiene in Radix Curcumae samples.

A highly sensitive method was developed for simultaneously separating and identifying multiple compounds in radix curcumae. It is a challenging work. The determination of these compounds is achieved by the combination supercritical fluid chromatography with drift tube ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Related parameters are optimized: the RX-SIL column was used as stationary phase, methanol was selected as organic modifier, backpressure 120 bar, back temperature 60 °C, the mobile phase flow rate 1.75 mL/min, the makeup solvent 0.2% FA/MeOH, the make-up pump flow rate 0.7 mL/min. Under the optimal conditions, multipolar compounds were separated. Furthermore, these compounds were identified by the values of collision sectional areas. The established method was verified by related parameters and exhibited good linearity, sensitivity, precision, and accuracy. It could be extended to analyze other curcuminoids and sesquiterpenoids in natural products.

BackgroundNaoshuantong capsule (NSTC) is an oral Chinese medicine formula composed of Typhae Pollen, Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Curcumae Radix, Gastrodiae Rhizoma and Radix Rhapontici. It has been widely used at the acute and recovery stage of ischemic stroke since 2001. Comparing with its wide clinical application, there are only few studies emphasize on investigating its pharmacological effects.MethodsTo more generally elucidate the underlying mechanisms in this study, we identified active ingredients in NSTC by a network pharmacology approach based on transcriptomics analysis and pharmacological experiments. Modified neurological severity scores and morphometric analysis using Nissl staining were employed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of NSTC on ischemia stroke in mice.ResultsThe results showed that NSTC had preventive and protective effects on ischemia stroke, featuring repair of brain tissue during the sub-acute stage of stroke. This may attribute to the underlying mechanisms including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic activities, as well as an attenuation of excitatory amino acids (EAAs) toxicity of the active ingredients, especially the most active apigenin, from NSTC. Specifically, naringenin, calycosin, gastrodin, caffeic acid, paeoniflorin, and β-elemene seem to be also pharmacological active substances responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects. Meanwhile, 13-hydroxygemone, gastrodin, and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol contributed to the attenuation of EAAs toxicity Furthermore, apigenin, naringenin, calycosin, gastrodin, and β-elemene accelerated the repair of brain ischemic tissue by up-regulating the expression of TGF-β1 levels.ConclusionsThe present study identifies the active ingredients of NSTC and illustrates the underlying mechanism using a combination of network pharmacology, transcriptomics analysis, and pharmacological experiments.

O osteossarcoma canino é o tumor ósseo mais comum em cães. Ele apresenta intensa capacidade metastásica e a sobrevida do paciente é baixa nessa doença. A curcumina, o composto mais importante derivado da planta Curcuma longa L., tem sido amplamente estudada e mostrou efeitos antineoplásicos consideráveis contra vários tumores. Este estudo tem por objetivo identificar a ativação de proteínas específicas de vias de apoptose, sobrevivência tumoral e mau prognóstico dessa doença em células OSC da linhagem D-17. Para isso, as células foram cultivadas e tratadas com a curcumina nas concentrações de 20μM, 50 μM e 100 μM em lâminas, que foram preparadas e fixadas. Posteriormente, foi realizada a técnica de imucitoquímica, com os anticorpos anti-caspase3, anti-JNK, anti-AMPK, anti-p53, anti-AKT e anti-mTOR. Foi observado que a curcumina ativou em células de osteossarcoma canino in vitro as proteínas de morte celular caspase-3, JNK e AMPK, reduziu a expressão da proteína p53 mutada e não alterou as proteínas AKT e mTOR. Assim, verificou-se que a curcumina promove apoptose extrínseca mediada por caspase, JNK e cAMP/AMPK em células de osteossarcoma canino. Além disso, tem o potencial de melhorar o prognóstico tumoral dessa doença por inativação da p53 mutada. No entanto, ela não interfere na expressão de AKT/mTOR, relacionado a proliferação e sobrevivência tumoral. Tais resultados servirão de base para estudos futuros que analisem o efeito da curcumina in vivo nessa doença.

As plantas medicinais têm sido amplamente empregadas em formulações para diversas indicações terapêuticas como forma profilática e ativadora de alguns sistemas do organismo. Uma planta que está em crescente estudo e já possui comprovações na literatura sobre seu uso e efeitos é a Cúrcuma longa L.. Este artigo busca apresentar as principais aplicações farmacológicas da Cúrcuma longa. através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica envolvendo artigos entre 2010 e 2020. A Cúrcuma longa L. em especial seu composto ativo, a curcumina, apresenta várias atividades farmacológicas comumente relatadas e experimentadas in vitroor diversos autores, dentre elas atividade antibacteriana, atividade antifúngica, ação neuroprotetora, anticoagulante, anti-inflamatória. Conclui-se que a Cúrcuma longa L. é uma planta com grande possibilidade de inserção como adjuvante no tratamento de problemas de saúde, desde mais leves como inflamações a casos mais graves como no tratamento farmacológico do câncer. Sabendo-se que as plantas possuem elevado número de substâncias químicas e que muitas já foram estudadas, explorar produtos naturais pode vir a mostrar a cura para muitas doenças. Desta forma, espera-se que tais resultados contribuam com o direcionamento de novos estudos sobre a espécie em questão, orientando pesquisas em outras áreas ainda não exploradas e como também outros compostos extraídos dessa planta que se mostra promissora para a comunidade científica como alternativa terapêutica.

Este artículo presenta un innovador enjuague bucal totalmente natural formulado con aceites esenciales de Curcuma longa-Linn y Zingiber officinale-Roscoe (variedad hawaiana). Los resultados de los ensayos de formulación se evaluaron con una prueba sensorial usando una escala hedónica para elegir entre dos alternativas: enjuague neutro o pungente. Las biomoléculas presentes en la mezcla se consideran en investigaciones anteriores como nutracéuticas, incluyen propiedades antiinflamatorias y antisépticas validadas en aplicaciones orales, el producto mejora la higiene bucal y funciona bien para los dientes y las encías. El mercado global ha puesto de moda este tipo de productos y, además, la formulación tiene un alto potencial en cuanto a salud oral preventiva.

The purpose of this study was to study the extraction process of spices, obtain selected formulations based on organoleptic tests and physical stability tests. The research methodology is divided into two stages: the first stage is determining the composition of the spices (ginger, tamarind, turmeric, cardamom, lemongrass, cinnamon and cloves), using a one factor design that is the difference in the composition of the spices with 3 levels of treatment, namely (A1), (A2) and (A3) . The second stage uses the formula selected from the first stage and then is treated with 3 concentrations of spice extract (15%, 20% dan 25%) and the concentration of additional CMC (0%, 0.05% , 0.1% ). The results stated that the selected products were A3 composition spices (7.5% Curcuma xanthorrhiza extract, 25% tamarindus indica extract, 10% turmeric extract, 15% cardamom extract, 15% cinnamon extract, 15% lemongrass extract, 12.5% clove extract) with concentrations herbs 15% and CMC concentration 0.1%. This product was chosen because it was rated the most preferred. The results of physical stability analysis of selected products are quite stable with a sedimentation height of 0.04 cm on the 16th day. The selected product has a pH of 3.44, with a curcumin value of 13.70 ppm, and a total phenol of 31 ppm and an antioxidant of 2.97 ppm.