Concept Of Culture Research Articles

Self-Orientalist Representations of Turkish Classical Music in the Republican Era

The critique of Orientalism in music studies has tended to focus on European Orientalism rather than the Orientalism of “Orientals.” The purpose of this study is to explore how Turkish classical music (TCM) was represented in self-Orientalist discourses of Republican Turkey as part of competing strategies to define Turkish musical identity. These discourses not only perpetuate and reproduce the essentialist conceptions of European Orientalism, but also reformulate them in a different setting, sometimes contrasting their own interpretation with that of the Europeans. Whether they otherize or embrace the “non-Western” elements in Turkish music, most of these competing discourses share the same system of representation based on an essentialized and de-historicized conceptualization of culture. This also applies to some of the counter-discourses which emerged as a reaction to the symbolic violence imposed by Westernizing music policies in Republican Turkey. Despite their criticism of European Orientalism, they merely reverse its essentialist ontology to favor TCM. Using a wide range of sources, including the writings of influential Turkish thinkers, officials, and musicologists as well as periodicals and newspapers, this study aims to show the common conceptual background in the negative and positive representations of TCM from the 1920s to the present.

Philological Prose in the Works of D. Andreev

The article is devoted to the analysis of the development of the genre of philological prose against the background of the polemic between the schools of M. Bakhtin and Russian formalists. The article examines the process of the formation of the philological novel in the 1920s, when significant genre shifts took place in literature, as well as the reflection of this process in the works of such authors as Vaginov, Tynyanov, Nabokov, Shklovsky. The article explores key topics and issues related to the evolution of philological prose, with special attention paid to the concepts of intertextuality, philological reflection and metatextuality. Through a comparative analysis of the works of Leonid and Daniil Andreev, the author reveals how the themes of existential crisis and spiritual enlightenment are processed and developed in their texts. The main focus is on how Daniil Andreev transforms his father's ideas, offering new ways to spiritual rebirth and harmony. An important role in the study is assigned to the work "The Rose of the World", which is a complex metaphysical text combining cultural and philosophical concepts with an extensive philological apparatus covering texts from different historical eras. It is noted that in Daniil Andreev's works, metatextual elements play a key role in building the structure and conveying philosophical ideas, which distinguishes his work from his predecessors. The author concludes that Daniil Andreev's works represent a unique stage in the development of the genre of philological prose, where literary heritage is integrated into a metaphysical system, and philological and existential themes find new forms of expression. This allows us to consider the philological prose of D. Andreeva as an important stage in the evolution of Russian literature, synthesizing artistic and spiritual principles, creating new opportunities for literary reflection and metaphysical search.

ශ්‍රී ලාංකේය සංස්කෘතික සංවර්ධනය කෙරෙහි සිංහල ව්‍යාඛ්‍යාත ග්‍රන්ථයන්හි දායකත්වය Contribution of Sinhala Exegetical Literature on the Development of Sri Lankan Culture

This research is to find out the contribution of exegetical literature towards the Sri Lankan Cultural Development. This research is carried out by focusing on four exegetical books namely, Dhampiya Atuwa Getapadaya written during the Anuradhapura period, Dharma Pradeepika written during the Polonnaruwa period, Vishuddi Marga Mahasannaya and Poojavaliya written during the Dambadeniya period. The main objective of the research is to investigate the contribution made by exegetical literature towards the development of Sri Lankan culture. The writing of exegetical literature took place during the Post Mahinda Era. Even though this exegetical literature consists of many philosophical concepts, our focus was to study their contribution to Buddhist culture. The arrival of Arahant Mahinda is the primary factor that established and spread Buddhism in Sri Lanka. These exegetical literatures were looked at in four categories as native vs foreign and eastern vs western. It was found that exegetical literature was composed to explain the problems of protected discourses of religious leaders. Hence, literary works such as translations, commentaries, exegesis, compendiums, and narrations were primarily composed to explain the complex and complicated religious concepts to the general readership. The methodology used includes collection of data using primary, secondary and retinue sources, categorization of data, analysis of data and inferring conclusions. To fully develop the Sri Lankan Buddhist Era, the arrival of Arahant Mahinda and state intervention contributed mostly. It is concluded that according to the theory of dependent origination, Buddhist teachings, philosophy and cultural concepts that are embedded in Sri Lankan life contributed to the cultural development.

Die urbane Mobilitätswende messbar machen? Konzeption und Anwendung eines Mobilitätswendeindex am Beispiel der Städte Darmstadt, Frankfurt und Wiesbaden

This paper discusses an index based on the concept of mobility cultures for measuring the socio-ecological transformation of urban mobility, also referred to as the mobility transition. This index, termed the Mobility Transition Index, aims to enable municipal policymakers and planners to quantitatively assess progress in implementing the mobility transition. The uniqueness of the index lies in the consideration of both objective and subjective data, as well as the goal of incorporating as many open data sources as possible. In workshops with local experts of statistics and transport planning, the indicator set was discussed in terms of its applicability and the availability of additional data. Finally, a set of 78 measurement indicators and 16 core indicators for calculating the Mobility Transition Index emerged. Next, the index was calculated for three cities (Darmstadt, Frankfurt am Main, Wiesbaden), and discussed with experts again. The results demonstrate the potential of the index for analysing changes in urban mobility cultures. Furthermore, we identified a predominance of data related to the built environment and travel behaviour, but a lack of data for transport policy and planning, as well as for discourses and communication. We concluded that additionally to the necessity for collecting such data more extensively, a need arises for the critical examination of existing datasets and their contribution for the urban transformation of transport.

Architecture and Language Heritage: Beirut, the Cradle of Culture of the Middle East

People strive to maintain their lives and existence and live together with other people. This way of living together creates the concept of society. Society, on the other hand, contributed to the emergence of a concept such as culture. It is deeply related to the concepts of culture, language and space. In places where social dynamics are dominant, both language and place have become a part of cultural richness. Architecture is also a field that affects the formation of culture through the concept of space. Beirut is the capital of Lebanon and a multicultural city where many languages are spoken. Blending the culture of the Middle East and the Mediterranean, Beirut reflects the most concrete examples of intercultural transition with its nearly 5000-year-old history and later established modern and cosmopolitan structures. Traces of a city's language and culture can be understood through the architecture of that city. Beirut's architectural heritage can also have an impact on the language; because architecture provides clues to the society about the history, cultural values and identity of a society. Beirut's different architectural styles, historical structures and modern buildings reflect the city's history and cultural identity, also creating an impact on the language. Architecture and language help preserve and transmit a society's history, traditions and beliefs to future generations and play a key role in the formation of cultural identity. From this point of view, the study reveals this cultural influence of the city of Beirut and the reflections of this influence.

Connecting care in a community forgotten: a poetic representation of tuberculosis prevention, detection, and treatment for women in East Kwaio, Solomon Islands

ABSTRACT This found poem seeks to connect care as we work towards a fairer world. Barriers to preventing, detecting and treating tuberculosis (TB) in mountainous East Kwaio, Malaita, Solomon Islands persist, while gendered issues remain largely unexplored. A qualitative study explored women's experience of TB in East Kwaio, using the Melanesian method of tok stori. Twenty-four women and 12 men shared about women's experience of living with TB and caring for someone with TB. Tok storis were audio recorded and orally analysed. While cultural concepts of love and community promote support, systematic health system exclusion and geographic isolation compound health challenges. These findings are presented in a found poem.

How Malaysian Adolescents Navigate Sexual Health Information on the Internet.

Significant sociocultural barriers to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) information influence what is acceptable to discuss and learn within the Malaysian community. To address gaps in their knowledge, adolescents routinely turn to the Internet. This study identifies the ways they navigate SRH information found online. One-on-one interviews were conducted with 17 Malaysian adolescents. The data were analysed with reflexive thematic analysis. Participants navigate SRH information using intuitive strategies, known locally as pandai-pandai. This important cultural concept involves balancing between adherence to social norms and resourcefulness in problem-solving. Pandai-pandai strategies were observed in three domains: (1) navigating SRH sources, (2) evaluating and verifying SRH information, and (3) processing SRH information. Malaysian adolescents' strategies for evaluating SRH information extend beyond traditional critical evaluation models and are driven by emotional, social, and cultural criteria, requiring a reconsideration of what constitutes critical evaluation in this context.

“You have no right!”

Abstract This paper addresses conceptualizations of Iranian women represented in the dialogues and visuals of the Iranian locally-produced film The Paternal House; a film that portrays Iranian women in pre- and post-revolutionary Iran. Our findings, based on cultural conceptualizations analytical framework, revealed cultural metaphors (woman as slut, rancid food, crooked rib, ungodly human, and big-mouthed), cultural schemas (Iranian women as related to one’s aberou ‘credit’, gheirat ‘honor’, and Iranian women as humiliated characters who suffers from lack of personal autonomy), and a cultural category (inferior gender) related to Iranian women before the Islamic Revolution in Iran. Also, the study showed a reconceptualization of the cultural schema of lack of personal autonomy in post-revolutionary Iran, where educated Iranian women confidently strive for their freedom of choice. The study highlights the importance of film dialogues and visuals in conveying cultural conceptualizations of women in a specific speech community over time.

Digital Culture in Information Science Studies: A Systematic Literature Review

This paper aims to provide a systematic literature review covering the field of digital culture in the information science study. Digital culture studies have been used in various fields, including but not limited to humanities, education, information technologies, human resources, and counseling. However, the amount of research that discusses the digital culture in information science study remains limited. This paper will provide a comprehensive insight into the studies that have been conducted related to digital culture based on various publications that have been deposited in the selected databases. Based on findings, previous scholars define the concept of digital culture as associated with people as well as technology. The behavior of people interacting, behaving, thinking, and communicating as human beings will create the digital culture environment within current communication settings. Besides that, the development of digital culture research began within the 21st century when the digital and industrial revolutions were introduced. The findings also present the limited number of digital culture research trends within information science. Thus, it is significantly important to explore digital culture research, particularly within information science studies. The information provided in this current study will be greatly beneficial to the research community to discover which database is the most relevant to digital culture studies. This will further assist the researchers to select and target the high-indexed journals in the respective databases.

An Analysis of Female Stereotypes in Advertising and Film

In an era when individuals are inundated with advertisements, film and television productions, and other forms of mass media, the impact of such media on the dissemination of ideas has been profound, which is particularly evident in the shaping of societal norms and the formation of youth perceptions. The current rapid development of media technology, advertising film and television works as an important carrier of the dissemination of cultural concepts, but derived from a number of gender issues, in which the stereotyping of women's image has been widely concerned. Besides, there has been considerable concern regarding the manner and rationale behind the propagation of gender stereotypes through such media. In this paper, content analysis is utilized as the primary instrument for the categorization of female stereotypes and an investigation of their underlying causes, including traditional patriarchal systems, commercial influences, as well as the limitations of creators genders, which have had a significant impact on womens self-perception and the advancement of gender equality in society, hindering the establishment of gender equality, and misinformed youth. Thus, the paper aims to facilitate critical thinking among viewers, enabling them to identify stereotypes, promote gender equality within the industry, and provide opportunities for female creators and decision makers.

The Mystery of Square Characters: Ruminations on the Cultural Roots and Aesthetic Value of Chinese Characters

This paper delves into the cultural roots of Chinese characters as square characters and their aesthetic value. It analyses the reasons for the formation of the square character form by sorting out the evolution of Chinese characters from oracle bone inscriptions, bronze inscription, seal script to official script, regular script and running script. The paper further elaborates on the cultural genetic codes contained in the characters, such as heaven and earth, the five elements and the time of the year, as well as the influence of writing materials and tools on the formation of the characters. In addition, the paper explores the unique aesthetics of square characters, including its directness of image and its role in shaping the spirit of the nation. The formation of square characters is closely related to traditional cultural concepts such as heaven and earth, the five elements and the time of the year, as well as being profoundly influenced by the evolutionary characteristics of Chinese characters and writing tools. The contribution of this paper is to provide a new perspective for understanding the cultural connotation and aesthetic value of Chinese characters, to emphasise their importance in modern society, and to provide a theoretical basis and inspiration for future research on Chinese characters.

A matter of culture? Conceptualizing and investigating “Evidence Cultures” within research on evidence-informed policymaking

Abstract This paper conceptualizes the notion of “evidence culture” in evidence-informed policymaking by surveying existing literature that either specifically employs the term or uses adjacent terms such as “epistemic” or “research culture”. It employs mixed-methods scoping review, combining citation analysis using Web of Science data used to identify the key clusters of scholarship with a qualitative thematic analysis of key papers across these clusters. This analysis identifies seven distinct approaches to “evidence cultures” across disciplinary communities. The key points of divergence across the clusters include the meanings of evidence, the underlying understanding of the evidence–policy interplay, the conceptualization of culture, and its implications for evidence use in policy. Building on these insights, we offer a framework for analyzing evidence cultures, arguing for the conceptual and empirical utility of this term in advancing scholarship on evidence use in policy settings.

ФОРМУВАННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ НАУКОВИХ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ ЗДОБУВАЧІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ

In the conditions of the information society, the modern education system must prepare conscious citizens of their country who are able to navigate in the information field, critically interpret what they hear, draw their own conclusions and seek answers to the questions posed. That is why higher education must contribute to the development of these skills and abilities. The purpose of the article is to find out the semantic meaning of the concept of “information culture” and to determine the methodology of its formation among students of higher education during scientific activity. During the writing of the article, general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis were used. The worldview and methodological principles of democratization, innovation, and flexibility of the educational process were also observed. The article defines the main approaches to understanding the essence of the concept of “information culture”. The importance of careful selection of information sources, the need for a critical understanding of the received information, and the importance of observing these principles in the course of scientific activity are emphasized. The obtained results of the research can be taken into account when planning training sessions, especially practical work. Conclusions. Thus, the concept of information culture has different definitions and is used for different fields of knowledge. The key feature of this concept is a critical attitude to the received information and its proper verification. The modern education system pays considerable attention to the formation of information culture, introducing special courses, including media education. Observance of information hygiene by students of higher education is an integral part of their educational process, especially during scientific activities. Completing a number of practical tasks for the development of critical thinking should contribute to the formation of the information culture of higher education graduates. Key words: information culture, information society, media education, critical thinking, scientific activity.

Teaching Indigenous knowledges and perspectives in physical education teacher education (PETE): discursive tensions at the cultural interface

ABSTRACT Amid the global movement toward decolonising and Indigenising education, the imperative for educators to respectfully engage with and include Indigenous knowledges and perspectives in their teaching is unmistakeable. However, Indigenous knowledges and perspectives remain overlooked in physical education teacher education (PETE). This article delves into the discourses surrounding this issue through interviews with physical education teacher educators. Through the lens of Martin Nakata’s cultural interface concept, we explore tensions arising from attempts to Indigenise PETE. These tensions centre around questions of who can teach Indigenous content and how it should be taught, as well as the perceived barriers to teaching it. We argue that embracing the cultural interface as a framework holds promise for further advancing the decolonisation and Indigenisation of PETE.

Animal Cultures at the Edge of Extinction

Over the course of the latter part of the 20th century the notion that some animals might partake in a cultural form of life has gained growing support in the natural sciences. Iconic examples of tool using chimpanzees, sweet potato washing macaques, and milk bottle opening birds have captured scientific and popular interest alike. But at the same time that this effort to describe, define, and study animal cultures was developing, the global ecological crisis was deepening. This article explores this strange juxtaposition. It offers a critical overview of the concept of animal culture as it has taken shape in the natural sciences. Building on this foundation, the article explores how and why animal cultures matter at the edge of extinction, exploring possible roles for the environmental humanities, extinction studies, and philosophical ethology, in developing new approaches to the question of animal culture in a time of escalating biodiversity loss.

Unleashing cultural diversity knowledge for improved knowledge sharing and integration: an in-depth qualitative analysis

Purpose This study aims to investigate international students’ experiences through a lens of knowledge management perspective, emphasizing their strategies for knowledge management in tandem with cultural adaptation. The primary objective is to elucidate how international students navigate cultural differences and use knowledge management strategies to augment their learning and integration, thereby supporting their academic progress in a new academic environment. Design/methodology/approach An in-depth qualitative research strategy was used, using semistructured interviews with Pakistani doctoral students who were studying in Australia. A thematic analysis was conducted to identify recurring themes and patterns in the data. Findings The findings reveal that international students adeptly adopt various knowledge management strategies to facilitate cultural adaptation. These strategies encompass embracing otherness through a sense of belonging, engaging in both personal and shared learning experiences, achieving individual success, and using critical inquiry as a guiding framework for observations. Notably, this study underscores the pivotal role played by cultural competence in conjunction with social networks, influencing cultural intelligence and, subsequently, impacting knowledge sharing and integration for academic progress. Practical implications This study’s findings provide practical insights for higher education institutions and policymakers, emphasizing the importance of supporting international students in their cultural adaptation and knowledge management endeavors. These practical implications encompass fostering a welcoming and inclusive environment, supporting intercultural engagement, using technology for enhanced learning and communication and promoting the development of cultural intelligence among international students. Originality/value This study contributes to the literature on international student experiences and knowledge management by providing insights into the strategies used by international students to navigate knowledge of cultural differences to enhance their learning experiences and advance academic progress. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the intersection between cultural adaptation and core knowledge management concepts of knowledge sharing and integration in the context of higher education.

INTRODUCTION: Forms of cultural enclosure

This special issue, developed from papers originally presented at the “Cultural Enclosure and Literary Form” conference at the University of Oxford in September 2022, explores the phenomenon of “cultural enclosure”: the commodification of culture via tourism, ethnic marketing, cultural property patents, and other cultural industries. It does so by bringing together two distinct concepts of “enclosure”: the appropriation of the commons and the formal framing strategies that produce impressions of totality and internal coherence. Moreover, it does so with a focus on postcoloniality: that is, on how the narratives, artworks, and institutions under study are implicated in experiences of colonization and its aftermath. Given “culture's” supposed status as the “possessing possession” (Said 1991, 9) – as precisely inalienable from specific places and persons – how does culture enclosure take place and how is it imaginatively framed by its agents? What concepts of “culture” are being mobilized in cultural enclosure projects? Is it better to speak of the dispossession of culture or the alienating forced performance of culture – or both? How is cultural enclosure represented in literary texts and artworks, and how does it, in turn, shape their existence? The articles collected in this issue take up the challenge of analysing “enclosure” at multiple levels of analysis, examining how literary texts, artworks, and institutions deploy formal enclosing strategies to engage concepts of culture, and cultural enclosure, while also revealing how these engagements may contradict, for instance, the ideas of represented characters, or real-world publishers.

The Continuity and Development of Old-age Security System from the Perspective of Ethnic Religious Culture

Influenced by the traditional concepts of ethnic religious culture in China, the old-age support of ethnic minorities features the large size of old-age population and the heavy burden of their children. In addition, the incompatibility and incongruity between different ethnic religious cultures and old-age support models need to be addressed. Religious and cultural beliefs and ethnic minority clan cultural concepts affect the choice of old-age support models in ethnic minority areas, and at the same time, the excellent concepts in religious culture can provide multi-faceted institutional inspiration and practical measures for the modern old-age security system. Vigorously promoting the construction of a modern old-age security system under the influence of ethnic religious culture is of great reference significance for promoting ethnic unity and exploring the establishment of a new model of old-age support in ethnic minority areas in the new era.

Research on Teaching Strategies for Project-Based Learning in Upper Elementary School Mathematics Culture

This study focuses on teaching strategies for project-based learning (PBL) in upper elementary school mathematics culture, aiming to explore how mathematics culture can be better integrated into upper elementary mathematics teaching through PBL. The research first analyzes the basic concepts of mathematical culture and its current status in elementary education, combining it with the theoretical foundations of PBL to propose effective teaching strategies. These include the design and implementation of projects based on mathematical cultural themes, and promoting students' autonomous exploration and collaborative learning. By designing and implementing culturally relevant mathematical projects, the study observes and analyzes students' learning performance and cultural literacy enhancement. The findings reveal that PBL improves students' understanding and interest in mathematical culture while fostering their independent learning and teamwork skills. This research offers targeted strategies and practical paths, providing valuable references for educators.

The Ultimate Difference: Interpreting and Using “Culture” in Comparisons of Crime and Justice

Abstract This article examines culture, an ambiguous yet prevalent concept in comparisons of crime and justice. It investigates the extent to which culture’s application and meaning across research reflects Western-centric bias in criminological knowledge-production despite it being a concept meant to advance understanding on different groups and places beyond the “Western” worldview. The article extends the discussion on Western-centric bias but also on culture in criminology by tracing the use of this concept on East Asian populations and by identifying patterns of application and meaning in international and comparative research through a scoping review of 230 journal publications. The findings address patterns of culture’s appearance in criminology journals in the past two decades and its meaning. Similar to previous scholarship on Western-centrism in criminology, the article finds that this bias does, too, exist in uses of culture but also shows how culture’s conceptual ambiguity is conducive to this bias, in that some groups and places are given one meaning of culture while others receive another.