Cultural Historical Research Research Articles

Cultural historical research in support of inclusive classrooms:

Cultural historical research in support of inclusive classrooms:

Revitalizing Vygotskian radical legacy in cultural-historical research for addressing racial injustice in education

Revitalizing Vygotskian radical legacy in cultural-historical research for addressing racial injustice in education

Jihadist sniper culture: propagandising the ‘caliphate’ through the crosshair

ABSTRACT Snipers have gained increasing prominence in modern warfare and insurgencies, both in actual combat and in military propaganda. Research on snipers, however, has remained largely limited to their strategic role in Western professional armed forces. This article provides the first in-depth analysis of the strategic and cultural dimensions of sniper propaganda of non-state armed groups. Focusing on the prominent case of the Islamic State (IS), this study draws from military and cultural-historical research and a wide range of primary sources to examine how IS used the figure of the sniper in its audiovisual propaganda. The findings indicate that snipers, as represented by IS, combined the roles of heroic mujahidin, authentically Islamic warriors, and appealing game heroes. As such, they embodied some of IS’s core beliefs and values and served as a strategic propaganda asset during the period of the group’s decline in Syria and Iraq (2015–2017). The article concludes that through the figure of the sniper, IS attempted to present itself as an enduring power in a potentially enticing and empowering manner. These findings complement existing research on sniping and IS, while opening new avenues for investigating insurgency warfare and propaganda representations more broadly.

The Problem of “Nationality” in Dostoevsky's Concept of "Pochvennichestvo"

This article is devoted to the study of the problem of nationality in the concept of "pochvennichestvo" by F. M. Dostoevsky. The object of the study was the writer’s views on the people and their role in the formation of culture, the subject was the category “nationality”, presented in the journalistic and artistic works of F. M. Dostoevsky. The purpose of the article is to identify the historical context in which the writer’s ideas about nationality were formed and developed, and to highlight various aspects of the problem of nationality in the works of F. M. Dostoevsky. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the fact that the author is the first to consider the problem of nationality in the aspect of Dostoevsky’s attitude to utilitarianism and the formula “the environment is stuck.” The work, along with general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization, uses descriptive, biographical and cultural-historical research methods. As a result of the scientific research, the author points out the inevitability of the emergence of pochvennichestvo in Russian social life of the second half of the 19th century and analyzes the writer’s position in the dispute between Westerners and Slavophiles, coming to the conclusion that F. M. Dostoevsky did not oppose Western, essentially material, civilization, but resolutely rejected its inevitable by-product - spiritual degeneration. The writer asserted the power inherent in Russian Orthodox culture to resist the erosion of Western culture and called on the Russian people to take upon themselves the mission of the messiah. Dostoevsky’s ideas about nationality, like his pochvenism, prove the writer’s confidence of Russian people and Russian culture. The results of the research work can be used in further study of the work of F.M. Dostoevsky, as well as in teaching the history of Russian literature at school.

The Noise of the News: Spectral Analysis of Early Swedish Television News 1958 - 1978.

Looking back on the very first year of television in Sweden, the head of programming Henrik Hahr celebrated having brought the world into “the living room of the viewer”. From the emergence of Swedish public service television in 1956 and onwards, the medium would be lauded as a window to the world. Yet, what noises came through this window? Shifting focus away from the visual content of television, this article explores and emphasizes the sonic dimensions of early Swedish news broadcasting. In the middle of the 20th century, the look, and the sound of the news were taking shape across television stations around the world. In Sweden, public service broadcasting was partly influenced by the backdrop of the cold war, and demands were formulated on a style of television that would be distinctive from the American and Soviet alternatives. This was a matter of images and audio in equal proportions. Deciding what kind of sound was added to the previously mute newsreels was at the heart of televised journalism. With a media monopoly running two competing news shows, the Swedish case offers insight into the establishment and differentiation of public service television aesthetics in the post-war era. Prior research has investigated the institutions, infrastructures, and ideas which shaped early Swedish television, but the very signals remain unexplored. This article introduces new methods for studying aural aesthetics in audiovisual media. By conducting various types of spectral visualization on recorded television news from 1958 until 1978, this analysis traces the sonic profile of the Swedish public service. The aim is to provide historical knowledge of how the news sounded and which aural experiences were promoted within the realm of the welfare state media monopoly. However, by drawing attention to the prospect of audio signal processing as a method for cultural-historical research, the purpose is also to make a methodological contribution to television studies at large.

Malay folk genre pantun: traditions and modernity

The aim of the study is to analyze and systematize the features of pantun, both traditional for this Malay folklore genre and due to its historical development, and uniqueness, inherent in individual pantuns, as well as to identify the reasons for the relevance of this genre in Malay culture. Comparative-typological, descriptive-functional, and cultural-historical research methods were used. The main features of pantun as a traditional genre of Malay poetry are systematized. Logic, brevity, and the presence of rhyme are identified as the main structural features due to the historical development of pantun. These features determine in many ways the content: symbolism, allegorical and thematic, as well as the phonetic features of the pantun. The considered features of pantuns that meet certain national characteristics of the Malay people can be identified as the reasons for the popularity of this genre so far. The classic folk pantun is a miniature poetic form, characterized by structural, substantive and phonetic features and strict rules of design. Violations of the traditional rules in individual pantuns are rather exceptional and subordinate to the content component. Being an integral part of the culture of the people, pantuns undergo some changes in the thematic aspect they reflect the realities of modern reality, but these changes do not go beyond the boundaries of the traditions of the genre.

Cultural-historical research methodology for studying of child’s development

This paper summarises a series of studies on the cultural-historical research methodology for studying child development, which was created by the author in developing Vygotsky’s experimental-genetic method. This article presents the main traits of Vygotsky’s experimental-genetic method and main principles of cultural-historical genetic research methodology. The article provides with several examples of experimental studies of the process of child development in contemporary research which show the cultural-historical research methodology in action. The article argues that this methodology is a genetic as it is focused on the process of development, it is a research methodology as it allows to formulate new types of research questions and finally, this is a cultural-historical methodology as it includes the system of concepts (theoretical analytical tools) and principles of research method (experimental method) which create a coherent unity.

Revisiting the History of Religious Resistance to Vaccination in the Netherlands

This article provides a new framework for the history of religious objections to vaccination in the Netherlands. In public opinion and scholarly literature, these are often associated with the contemporary group of conservative Reformed people or inhabitants of the Dutch Bible Belt and projected back onto the past in a static way. In early modern times, however, reluctance to perform any preventive medical act on the human body was embedded in a general perception of the divine governance of daily life. During the eighteenth century, the innovation of inoculation was gradually accepted by medical and theological specialists, replacing providentialism by supernaturalism. In the nineteenth century, under the influence of orthodox Protestant opinion leaders, spiritual hesitation and anti-science feelings took the form of conscious religious choices and decided positions on personal freedom, especially in education. In the twentieth century, the movement against the vaccination policy of the national state became entangled with political and social mobilisation and theological legitimisation. The COVID-19 crisis reconfirmed the mix of religious and other objections. The reinterpretation of these developments bears on the direction and content of further cultural-historical research.

Inside the tape recorder factory

Technical media such as playback devices play a key role in popular music culture. Hence, it is hardly surprising that extensive cultural-historical research with a focus on such devices has already been conducted. But almost all researchers working on the cultural history of playback devices in Germany concentrate on West Germany, while the media history of the GDR is treated marginally. In this article, I aim to contribute to the historiography of the GDR’s popular music with a focus on material culture. In doing so, I analyse archival material of the state-owned company VEB Messgerätewerk Zwönitz, which manufactured tape recorders in the 1950s and 1960s. The focus is on documents regarding the tape recorder BG 20. The sources, for example technical reports, advertisements, and letters from the government, demonstrate that the manufacturing of music devices in the GDR was highly influenced by the political conditions.

Appropriating disasters. A framework for cultural historical research on catastrophes in Europe, 1500–1900

This article argues that ‘appropriation’ is key to understanding how communities respond to disasters, and offers a new methodological approach. It suggests that cultural representations of disasters should be studied through the prism of appropriation. Both in the past and the present, people have crafted specific representations of disasters and used them as identity markers to create a sense of community. Appropriation involves attaching meaning to the disaster in order to make it comprehensible or even acceptable. This meaning was attached in two ways: through representation and identification. Representation is the substitution of a disastrous event with a cultural artefact, like an image or text, that corresponds to the event. Identification is the process by which people constantly relate themselves to other individuals and groups in terms of similarity and difference. To understand these processes, cultural historians should look at producers and consumers (who produced meaning in their turn) as well as the medium, genre, and discourses they can find in disaster representations.

Духовный путь Фёдора Михайловича Достоевского

The analytical review of the main milestones in spiritual development of the great writer F.M. Dostoevsky’s personality from the standpoint of Orthodox dogma and morality is presented. The relevance of the research is determined by high interest in his life and work among each gen-eration of readers and the presence of a deep connection between his spiritual quest and moral problems that concern our contemporaries. Using biographical, cultural-historical and historical-functional research methods, a three-part model of the spiritual growth of F.M. Dostoevsky is con-structed, the core image of which is the figure of Jesus Christ. The features of the writer’s percep-tion of the Orthodox dogma at each stage of his life’s journey are studied. At the end of the work, a conclusion is made about high missionary and pedagogical potential contained both in works of art and in the biography of Russian literature classic, examples of the moral impact of his life and work on the fate of specific people are given. The research materials can be used in teaching Rus-sian Literature, Basics of Orthodox Culture and other disciplines in the course of a secondary edu-cation, as well as specialized secondary and higher education.

COMIC GENRES IN LEONID LISOVSKY’S CHAMBER AND VOCAL WORKS: STYLISTIC ASPECT

Statement of the problem. Leonid Lisovsky (1866–1934) is the Ukrainian and Russian composer, conductor, pianist, ensemble player, teacher, music critic, editor of musical works, translator, musicologist. He is the author of over 300 works in various genres, among which an important place belongs to compositions of comic genre. L. Lisovsky was very well known in his lifetime, but later he was completely forgotten. The relevance and scientific novelty of the research is determined by the necessity to study the person and creative heritage of the famous artist. The purpose of the offered research is to reveal the ways of creation of comic musical characters in L. Lisovsky’s chamber-vocal compositions and to identify stylistic peculiarities of this works. Cultural-historical, theoretical, musical-analytical, structural and systematic research methods were used when the history of Lisovsky’s chamber-vocal compositions were studying, the key principles of comic in music were identifying, the works of the composer were analyzing and their genre and style features were revealing. The results of the researches by O. Solomonova, B. Borodin, O. Freidenberg, I. Gendler on issues of the laugh culture and I. Gorbunova who viewed the comic genres in Ukrainian music were used as methodological basis for our study. Works by I. Trofimov and others are used for contextual analysis, as well as the studies of S. Koltysheva, M. Rzhevska and A. Litvinenko, where the person of L. Lisovsky presented in the biographical aspect. Results of the research. Based on abovementioned scientific sources, the principles of embodiment of the comic by the ways of musical art were highlighted. Some chamber and vocal works by L. Lisovsky were analyzed, such as the Suite for baritone and bass cantando “At the Bailif’s Gate” (words by O. Tolstoy), comic Romance for tenor and baritone “TheCuckoo and the Rooster” (words by I. Krylov), the fable “Woman” (words by K. Kropyva) and the vocal cycle “Four jokes by Alexander Pushkin”. The peculiarities of the composer’s reading the literary stories were disclosed. L. Lisovsky’s enthusiasm for satirical poetic texts in the works of the early period and especially in the 1920s were revealed. Conclusions. L. Lisovsky’s turn to the comic chamber vocal works becomes his response on the social and economic hardships and promotes to regeneration of his creative forces in the important periods of his life. For implementation of the comic poetic texts by musical resources L. Lisovsky uses the genre mixes. The comic imaginative and emotional spectrum in chamber and vocal music lengths from good humor to bitter satire. The composer uses romantic, late romantic and impressionistic stylistic peculiarities to create musical characteristics.

Ethical Traditions of Adyghe: Genre Criteria and Main Motives

The task is to study ethical legends considered as one of the specific genre varieties of the Adyghe historical prose. The relevance of the research is due to the urgent need to create a genre classification of the Adyghe non-fairytale prose. It is noted that in this regard, the study of ethical traditions is one of the necessary stages in solving this problem. The main goal of the article is to determine genre features and main functions, to identify the main motives and images inherent in ethical legends. Cultural-historical and comparative-historical research methods are used. The socio-historical conditions and factors that contributed to the emergence of the genre of ethical legends are analyzed, various groups of legends are identified, the process of transformation of moral and ethical principles and norms is traced, the most productive plot-forming motives are determined. It is shown that the differentiating feature of ethical traditions is their cognitive and socioregulatory functions. It is argued that their main goal is to represent ideal forms and standards of interpersonal behavior, which should contribute to the formation and approval of moral, ethical and etiquette norms that existed in the Adyghe traditional society.

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The factor of national identity, which is the complete opposite of globalization, manifests itself in various spheres of human activity such as politics, public life, literature, and various fields of art. Today, national identity is being fought both at the individual and social levels. Globalist theory and globalist thinking in the twentieth century led to fundamental changes in the life of society. In particular, with the globalization of cultures, a synthesis of world cultural values is observed, the process of the emergence of new ones is underway. The development of this diversity in unity is the only possible historical, philosophical and political paradigm of globalization. The problem of national identity is becoming more and more relevant in the struggle between the West and the East. The article deals with the influence of traditions and the theory of global thought on the essence of the national literatures of Azerbaijan and Turkey. The methods of analysis are associated with a conceptual approach to the general directions of literary trends in the modern artistic word. In particular, these are historicalliterary, cultural-historical, comparative and typological research methods. This influence manifested itself through literary movements (modernism, postmodernism, existentialism, feminism), various styles and images oriented towards the West. The negative aspects of globalization tear the artistic image away from ethnic roots, national identity, national and moral values, a person remains alone with his problems, searches for and finds himself in the global world. In Azerbaijani literature, this process is often called �existentialism�, and in Turkish literature �varolusculuk ak?m?�, it is also called �literature of alienation�. In the literature, globalist writers are united by the following features: to keep up with this trend; to join this trend in accordance with the requirements and influences of innovative trends, as opposed to traditionalism; to be a supporter of the ideology of �common cultural values� of globalism with �world man�, �world home�, �secular thought�, �secular thought�, �secular art style�. The world in which a person lives is changing, chaos is formed in the human brain, and the hero in the spiritual world goes in search of truth. In many cases, when this is not achieved, he considers himself small, useless, powerless, helpless in the global world, prone to asceticism, alienation, the feeling of nearness of death becomes normal for him, and he is faced with psychological trauma. This not only alienates a person from national identity, national character, national moral self-awareness, but, as already noted, creates a number of psychological and moral problems.

What Is the European Union? A Cultural Shared Risk Community!

In this commentary, the author continues his first reflections on European Union cultural history, which opened up this field and introduced the theory of ‘paradoxical coherence’. Revisiting sociological and cultural-historical works by Beck and Gumbrecht, he argues that the EU can be seen as a ‘cultural shared risk community’, the sources of identity-building and sense-making consisting of the European citizens’ shared cultural risks and fears. From this he suggests a new agenda for cultural-historical research on the EU.

Linguistic Analysis and Contents of the «Book for Reading» By Kasim Bikkulov (Early Twentieth Century)

The article is devoted to the Linguistic analysis of Books for reading by the early 20th-century enlightener writer Kasim Bikkulov, known as a writer, educator, the religious figure from the standpoint of identifying the structural and linguistic features of collections and the contents of the texts included in them. The purpose of this article is the study of Books for Reading by Kasim Bikkulov, the analysis of collection structure, the thematic trends of literary works, and texts of a scientific and journalistic nature included in collections. The paper used analytical, hermeneutics, comparative, and cultural-historical research methods. The analysis makes it possible to conclude that the Books for Reading of the studied author constitute a special place in the activities of the teacher-educator and are a definite contribution to children's literature, and also serve as an example of textbooks widely used in the teaching of Tatar literature at primary school during the first quarter of the XX-th century.

Understanding the complexity of young children's learning and development in science: A twofold methodological model building on constructivist and cultural-historical strengths

Abstract Young children's learning and development in Science is a complex process. Although a wide range of epistemological, theoretical and methodological frameworks have informed research in Early Childhood Science Education, capturing this complexity remains a challenge. New ways of conceptualizing and researching young children's engagement with Science are needed for responding to this fundamental challenge. The present study brings together the strengths of constructivist and cultural-historical research perspectives to provide deeper insight and a holistic understanding of the unique way young children experience, make sense of, and conceptualize the natural world. In line with the two basic research approaches, a twofold methodological model is introduced. Empirical data were collected in an early childhood setting during a collective science experience centred on the natural phenomenon of cloud formation. Following a constructivist perspective, the data on children's conceptual understanding of the phenomenon was initially analysed. Then, the same data set was analysed from a cultural-historical perspective. In this second step, the children's whole experience of the phenomenon was also captured. Findings reveal the critical role of the children's overall reality in the science concept formation. The study argues that a dialectical interrelation between the two research perspectives is feasible and essential for understanding children's conceptualizations in the moment, as well as how science concepts are formed in the overall reality of everyday life. This adds to the literature on Early Childhood Science Education, where studies have primarily focused on dividing, rather than bringing together the strengths of the two perspectives. The study contributes to the continual challenge of rethinking and overcoming traditional dichotomies in educational research.

The contributions of Mariane Hedegaard to child development studies, cultural-historical research and education

The contributions of Mariane Hedegaard to child development studies, cultural-historical research and education

“Hybrid psychology agent”: Overcoming the about/for dichotomy from praxis

I draw on my experience in community development with “othered” groups to present the idea of the “hybrid psychology agent.” This, I contend, is a key figure in overcoming the dichotomies alleged by Indigenous psychologists and confronted by Held (2020). On the one hand, the concept is rooted in hands-on work in multicultural settings. It is also supported by Cultural-Historical research through projects such as Service Learning that connect higher education students with disenfranchised Roma children. On the other hand, the concept follows a critical theory framework where, as implied by Held, a paradigm shift in science is needed. The issue at point is not whether folk Indigenous knowledge should replace so-called objective knowledge, but how the latter should embrace the experience of a more diverse psychological object and subject, mainly through the participation of “othered” people as psychology scientists and practitioners.

Saberes locales sobre tecnologías y estrategias de producción agropecuaria para la resiliencia climática

The research was carried out in the 2017-2018 agricultural cycle, in four characteristic communities of the Municipality of Toledo of the Oruro department of the Plurinational State of Bolivia. The objective was to identify local knowledge about agricultural production technologies and strategies that can generate sustainability in agricultural production systems to strengthen the resilience of Climate Change. The approach used was logical cultural historical research, participatory revalu-ative research. According to the results, it was possible to identify 10 agricultural production technologies used with the highest frequency, of which are used by the producers with the highest incidence (100%) is the wijina (conical deposit dug in the ground to accumulate rainwater), followed by because it has a preference for 79.3% of producers, the kurmi khotas (traps to harvest rainwater) that only 16.6% of producers use. From these technologies grouped into 4 CC-resistant agricul-tural production strategies, it is evident that the Rainwater management plan and the management and management of native pastures and forage species introduced by those that the producer approves in their production systems.