Cultural Enrichment Research Articles

A new route towards more harmonious intergroup relationships in England? Majority members’ proximal-acculturation

Although the ways that immigrants relate to UK culture has been a hot topic since the EU-referendum, little attention has been given to how majority group members such as Host Country Nationals (HCNs) relate to immigrants’ culture. Thus, we explored English HCNs’ globalisation-based proximal-acculturation – the extent to which they prefer to adopt aspects of immigrants’ cultures and/or maintain their national culture. Using two-step cluster analysis, a pilot study (N = 63) revealed a separated, integrated, and undifferentiated cluster, with separated HCNs perceiving cultural diversity more as a threat and less as an enrichment. Using latent profile analysis in a second study (N = 220) also revealed a three strategy-solution, identifying assimilated, integrated and separated profiles. Again we examined how these strategies differed across perceptions of cultural threat and enrichment as well as other psychosocial characteristics: identifying with fellow English citizens, recognizing cultural differences whilst not being culturally embedded (constructive marginalization), and various forms of intergroup contact. Separated HCNs identified more with fellow English citizens, endorsed less constructive marginalization, perceived less cultural enrichment yet more cultural threat than HCNs following some of the other strategies. These results stress that the onus of cultural adoption lies with both groups – minorities and majority members – with English HCNs showing distinct proximal-acculturation strategies. Lastly, when exploring a variable-centred approach, proximal-acculturation orientations (cultural maintenance/adoption) mediated the relationship between cultural threat, cultural enrichment, and intergroup contact on positive feelings towards immigrants. Thus, the ways that HCNs acculturate may provide a new route towards harmonious intergroup relations.

KEEPING HARMONY OF INDONESIAN-JAPANESE INTERCULTURAL MARRIAGE INTERACTIONS

The purpose of this study is to explain how intercultural families interact in maintaining harmony within the family, especially the interaction between Indonesian Moms and Japanese Fathers. The method used in this study is qualitative with primary sources through in-depth interviews.Data analysis is done by reducing the data that has been obtained from the interviews, compared with the concept of intercultural communication and acculturation. The data is validated with secondary data that is the result of previous research. The results obtained show that the couple of Indonesian wives and Japanese husbands keep each other harmony interaction by choosing the appropriate language situation required. They use everyday language are: English, Japanese and Indonesian. The dominant language is the language in where they live. This result shows that they are showing respect for each other. The use of the chosen language as an effort to adapt to the culture in where they live includes also invited their children to always appreciate the cultureof their fathers and mothers equally in influence. So the three behavioral barriers do not occur as a priori, prejudice and authority that one against the other. There is a trust between them. Acculturation in this family is seen as a cultural enrichment,cultural differences do not create barriers to family interaction and with the environment. Father and Mother bequeathed culture to their children in a balanced and without dominance, there is balance in power.

Short‐Term Study Abroad in TESOL: Current State and Prospects

In line with the fiscal, structural, and academic shifts in higher education, a growing number of universities in English‐speaking countries develop and deliver short‐term study‐abroad (STSA) programs that are shorter than a regular academic term, often under contract with sending universities and governments from non‐English‐speaking countries. Distinct from the well‐established scholarship in SA largely focused on American and European university students going abroad to improve their foreign language skills (c.f., Kinginger, 2008; Mitchell, Tracy‐Ventura, & McManus, 2017), there is an emerging area of inquiry in which Anglophone institutions of higher education host students and (para)professionals from non‐English‐speaking countries for academic and cultural enrichment, as well as for English language teaching. To address the nascent transnational trend, broadly related to ESL in higher education, this article provides an overview of the current state and prospects associated with STSA. After laying out the groundwork for SA, this article identifies the unique scope and potential area of inquiry related to STSA hosted by Anglophone institutions of higher education. The overview article then proposes a potential research agenda that encompasses sojourner identity, goals, and practices vis‐a‐vis institutional goals and practices at the intersection of SA and TESOL.

The Gender of Multiculturalism: Cultural Tokenism and the Institutional Isolation of Immigrant Women Faculty

Much research on tokenism has focused on the organizational processes by which white women and racial minorities experience heightened surveillance at work and become occupationally immobile. Little research has considered how tokenism operates for other minority workers, such as immigrants. We theorize cultural tokenism to explain the ways in which foreign-born minorities in the United States are held up against hegemonic ethnic markers besides cultural gender standards and racial stereotypes, resulting in their interpersonal and institutional exoticization. Drawing on interviews with 33 immigrant women university faculty, this study shows how cultural contrasts make work difficult for high-status, foreign-born professional women. Specifically, they experience gendered pressures to provide U.S.-born students with “cultural enrichment” experiences and demonstrate organizational diversity while navigating the effects of tokenism. This research explains barriers to promotion and work satisfaction for immigrant women in white-collar jobs, and raises questions about how organizations can benefit from hiring these workers without exploiting them.

How to value a cultural festival? The case of Petronio Álvarez Pacific Music Festival in Colombia

ABSTRACT The article identifies factors related to the local context that influence the valuation of a local, traditional and internationally recognized music festival. Analyzing the case of Petronio Álvarez Pacific Music Festival held in Cali (Colombia), a valuation equation of the festival is estimated via an ordered probit model based upon microdata provided by a face-to-face survey (N = 1257). Results show that there are two key factors shaping the valuation of the festival: (i) previous experience of attending the festival, (ii) perceptions and expectations individuals have over the implications of the festival celebration (even if not participating), that is, the territory’s externalities (the creation of income and employment for the city) and personal benefits (cultural enrichment and enjoyment of a well-executed festival’s plan). Finally, our work provides policymakers with an instrument that reduces uncertainty about the characteristics of the festival, which can also be used as a managerial decision instrument based on empirical evidence about individuals’ perceptions.

Канцэпты “сваë” i “чужое” ў сучаснай брытанскай англамоўнай паэзii

The analysis of the concepts “ours” and “alien” takes place within the framework of the study of the actual imagology. Contemporary British English poetry expresses the ideas through the following concepts: the struggle of the Irish for their independence, the need for empathy and assistance to emigrants, the need to respect and study not only English but also foreign poets, the idea of the presence of highly artistic poetry as a criterion for assessing the spiritual and cultural level of the country as a whole, the idea of the need to travel around the world to learn about their national identity and for spiritual and cultural enrichment, the idea of mixing languages, cultures, religions during the immigration of eastern nations to multicultural Great Britain, the idea of the beauty of the native language and others.

Managing Cultural Heritage Festivals towards Sustainable Tourism Development: The Aegean Methexis Festival in Andros Island

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to address the contribution of the “Aegean Methexis” festival to raising awareness of Andros’ rich cultural heritage and building social bonds for locals and tourists, as well as attracting cultural tourists and providing opportunities for development to local tourism-related businesses. Design/methodology/approach: The research methodology was formed on the basis of deepening into the festival experience of locals and visitors and its impact on tourism sustainability. The paper opted for an exploratory study using both quantitative and qualitative methodology. Primary data was collected via: a. 58 online questionnaires addressed to festival participants; and b. participant observation during a six-month period. Findings: The paper provides empirical insights about how festival participants perceive their experience in connection to cultural heritage and tourism. Findings consolidate that the festival provides a unique platform combining entertainment and familiarity with Andros’ rich cultural heritage based on a cognitive model experience. Participants seem to connect their experience with further tourism engagement in more authentic aspects of the island while seem to seize the opportunity for cultural interaction and building stronger social bonds with the local community. All the stakeholders warmly supported the festival, due to its contribution to cultural heritage awareness and tourism product enrichment. Originality/value: The study fulfils an identified need to study how the “Aegean Methexis” festival may act as a catalyst for sustainable tourism development, how the destination can benefit from similar events, and how to employ them as original branding tools of Andros.

Impactos positivos y negativo de los MOOC y Webinars en tiempos de COVID-19 Ecuador

Given the current situation, the MOOCs courses and the web weekly webinars from March 2020, have become the main trend in virtual education as a phenomenon that has caused a very broad effect and a great impact for the training and cultural enrichment of the human beings and have opened the doors for new products and services for the use of society, and have witnessed how people have adapted to the quarantine caused by the epidemic of the coronavirus of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV), COVID -19. The search for the information was carried out through the official websites of the universities and metasearch engines, Google and Google academic, articles from scientific magazines, and reliable newspapers, to find out what is the fundamental role that MOOCs and weekly courses have had. Web Webinars in quarantine time, and the positive and negative impact they have caused in these times.

Налагодження освітніх зв’язків університетів України з Туреччиною у перші десятиліття ХХІ ст.

Introduction. The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the cooperation of Ukrainian universities with Turkish Republic, which has developed in the XXI century. First of all, the history of the formation of relations, which became the basis for the establishment of modern educational cooperation, is shown. Prospects for further development of contacts between the states are also indicated. The content of cooperation is revealed on the basis of the analysis of reports of Ukrainian universities, scientists and certificates of the diplomatic mission of Ukraine in Turkey. The forms and directions of relations are shown, which have developed between higher educational institutions of Ukraine with Turkey in the XXI century. Purpose. The issue of educational cooperation between Ukraine and Turkey has been partially considered by domestic scholars, so it deserves detailed and comprehensive consideration. Results. Since gaining independence in 1991, Ukraine has sought to meet current trends in advanced educational standards. Educational cooperation allows Ukraine to learn from experience and transform its own education system. Ukraine already cooperates with many European countries, such as Poland, Lithuania, Germany, Great Britain and the Czech Republic. At the same time, Ukraine is developing cooperation with Asian countries. One of such countries is Turkish Republic, which has significant international influence in the world and is an important economic and geopolitical partner for Ukraine. Leading universities of Ukraine sign cooperation agreements and organize joint conferences with the Turkish side. Countries also implement academic mobility programs among students. Conclusion. Thanks to educational cooperation between the states, Ukraine increases its international prestige in the geopolitical and socio-cultural space. In general, partnerships contribute to the cultural enrichment of both countries. We hope that the educational contacts between Ukraine and Turkey will continue to strengthen, and that the Republic of Turkey will remain a successful partner of Ukraine in the field of education and science.

The viewpoint to the study of euphemisms in different languages and epochs

This article devoted to the analysis of scientific researchand shows the role of euphemisms in the speech of two non-related languages, which are English and Uzbek. The task of the euphemisms is to soften the awkward and rude words in the language, a cultural enrichment of the language, as well as the development of the branches of linguistics, such as sociolinguistics, linguoculturology, and cognitive linguistics.

Multilingualism in Court: Enrichment, Challenge or Problem? Basic Requirements for Criminal Proceedings in Different Languages

The present article aims at pointing out and analyzing basic requirements, peculiar to multilingual settings, that enable criminal proceeding in multiple languages. This is done by comparing the legal framework of two such settings, namely Canada and its Provinces, and the Autonomous Province of Bolzano in Italy. The comparison encompasses two types of language requirements that must be met for a multilingual criminal proceeding to constitute a cultural enrichment rather than a burden for the administration of justice. First, as a direct requirement, judges and jurors must meet an adequate standard of language proficiency. Second, as an indirect requirement, a correct use of the legal terms must be guaranteed in all languages a proceeding can take place in. This makes translations of relevant codes to the criminal proceeding and an updated legal terminology indispensable. The direct requirement represents an issue in Canada due to the lack of bilingual judges, whereas the Autonomous Province of Bolzano struggles to satisfactorily meet the indirect requirement. Finally, ensuring jurors with adequate language proficiency represents a burden in both multilingual settings.

Художня освіта учнів у початковій школі Польщі

The article establishes that the problem of creativity development by means of artistic activity is relevant for almost all educational systems in the world. A comparative analysis of art education in Poland and Ukraine is made. Cultural and historical heritage, traditions and family upbringing became the basis for the beginning of art education in Polish school practice. The purpose of primary education in Poland is the mental, aesthetic, physical and other development of children. Primary school is the first part of compulsory education, which lasts eight years and is divided into two stages: from 1st to 3rd grade remains integrated education, and from 4th to 8th – «block». Under the education reform, Polish schools were replaced by: an 8-year primary school, a 4-year secondary school, a 5-year technical secondary school, two-level industrial schools and secondary schools. The strategic objectives of the development of education in Poland have been identified, namely: accessible education for all age groups; reduction of school age from seven to six years; formation of children's independence, curiosity and development of creativity and others. The curriculum in grades IV-VIII for primary schools in Poland on the weekly distribution of subjects is analyzed. In accordance with the State Standard of Ukrainian Primary Education, art curricula were systematized, based on the principle of integration of education. The content line «Art» in Ukraine consists of music and fine arts. The integrity and continuity of the process of art education of students provide various forms of learning. Polish teachers see them as an additional opportunity to deepen and improve the already acquired knowledge and skills in the framework of artistic creativity and purposeful pedagogical influence on the emotional sphere of children and its cultural and aesthetic enrichment. The implementation of art education of primary school students is carried out using various forms, methods and tools aimed at improving the efficiency of the educational process.

Can public service broadcasting survive Silicon Valley? Synthesizing leadership perspectives at the BBC, PBS, NPR, CPB and local U.S. stations

Public Service Broadcasting (PSB) is generally characterized by a remit to provide high-quality news, educational content, cultural enrichment and entertainment as free public goods with as broad a public reach as possible while also filling critical gaps in the media ecosystem (a multifaceted principle called universality). However, in the current online environment, the ability to reach audiences is increasingly intermediated by online platforms managed by powerful technology companies who do not necessarily share the same objectives or values as PSBs. Interviews were conducted with PSB executives and managers working on digital products and strategy in the U.K. and U.S. to examine the challenges and tensions PSB entities face in the context of growing commercial platform power and the strategies emerging in response, such as investing in new platforms and digital infrastructures rooted in traditional public service values. The study also discusses differences in capacities to respond to platform power between the decentralized U.S. PSB system and centralized U.K. system. Finally, the study discusses some theoretical and practical implications, and suggests some ways PSB services might survive and thrive with robust fidelity to democratic needs.

Formation of international broadcasting in Russia and abroad: historical-genetic and comparative analysis

The article provides a historical-genetic and comparative analysis of foreign broadcasting. In the chronotopic aspect the advanced experience of foreign countries (Germany, England, France, USA) is compared with the peculiarities of the formation of foreign broadcasting in Russia. The main stages of the development of foreign broadcasting are highlighted. The dominant media communication channels through which foreign broadcasting activities are carried out are determined. Based on the results of the study, the conclusion is made that at the first stage of its development, foreign broadcasting was not an instrument of foreign policy and rather contributed to the cultural enrichment and support of its compatriots in other countries. However, wartime predetermined the future tonality of foreign broadcasting - a propaganda focus. During the Second World War, foreign broadcasting was used in many countries to discredit the enemy, as well as to motivate the military and the population in the rear. During the Cold War, foreign broadcasting strengthened its propaganda purpose, continuing to implement in its discourse defamatory strategies against competitors and adversaries, against the background of which a new concept of information war was formed. In general, foreign broadcasting as a discourse strategy is mainly used in the course of geopolitical conflicts, both open and latent. In the process of evolution of media communications, an intensification of the struggle for influence on the external audience was observed, which was most clearly manifested as a result of the implementation of foreign broadcasting in the field of television, based on the audiovisual capabilities of this type of media. In the 21st century, the information struggle for the interpretation of reality and, as a consequence, the construction of public opinion on a global scale began to take place in the field of the Internet, where foreign broadcasting has acquired a global character.

Negotiation of native linguistic ideology and cultural identities in English learning: a cultural schema perspective

ABSTRACT Despite the proven benefits of combining target language education with corresponding cultural studies, little is known about the impact of infusing and integrating native culture and ideology into English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education. Few studies focus on how Chinese English language learners (ELLs) negotiate multifaceted identities in English classes in which native oriental culture and philosophical values are deeply embedded. Situated within a tertiary-level English classroom located in southeastern China, this article explores how Chinese ELLs negotiate linguistic ideology and construct cultural identity during their English learning. Qualitative analysis of the data reveals that students experience cultural capital enrichment with an increasing capability to tell Chinese stories worldwide in English, while at the same time experiencing a clash of ideological struggles and multilayered identity construction. The findings have significant implications for understanding the role of cultural capital, linguistic ideology, and identity construction in EFL teaching and learning, and for the global spread of teaching English to speakers of other languages (TESOL).

Developing A Digital Learning Game as a Medium for Cultural Enrichment on Descriptive Text

This study is aimed to develop a digital learning game as a medium to enrich students’ insight about their local culture embedded in descriptive text material. Adapting “system approach” model designed by Dick and Carey, this study employed need analysis, material development and formative evaluation as steps to develop the product. The need analysis was conducted by analyzing the documents, administering questionnaires to the students and interviewing the teachers. The material development was done by designing blueprint of the product’s content, pictures and sound in the computer applications. The formative evaluation consisted of the theoretical validation and empirical validation. The result of the theoretical validation was classified into four categorizes involving multimedia, language content, cultural and pedagogical aspect. The multimedia validator graded the most criteria of the game’s design and layout in a very good scale. The language content validator graded the most criteria of the learning game’s content in balance between “very good” and “good” scale. The cultural aspect had been validated by the natives of mentioned places, consisting of a native of Java, Bali and Flores. Lastly, the pedagogical aspect was validated by two teachers who taught seventh grade and eighth grade at SMPN 26 Surabaya. Both teachers graded the digital learning game in a “very good” scale. Those final scales obtained after some revisions from validators had been finished. The result of empirical validation was obtained from the tryout of the product to fifteen students of SMPN 26 Surabaya. The result of the empirical validation showed that the students have positive responds to the developed learning game. It was concluded from the most scales given by the students including “very good” and “good” scale for the mentioned criteria. In conclusion, the digital learning game has met its final product to be used by the students to learn culture for descriptive text material.

Arts and crafts as an educational strategy and coping mechanism for Republic of Korea and United States parents during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic and ensuing stay-at-home orders have shifted family lives worldwide. Government regulations about social distancing and isolation have resulted in parents/carers and children spending most of their time together in private spaces. During the northern hemisphere spring 2020 semester, most childcare and school systems closed and parents had to dramatically modify their balance between work and home life. Using data from consumer reports, online parenting forums and blog posts, and Google Trends, the authors of this article explored how some parents have shifted towards cultural and creative enrichment as a resource to occupy their children during governmental stay-at-home directives in both the United States and the Republic of Korea. The authors found that arts and crafts and educational toy sales have increased, parents are sharing advice and resources for at-home creative activities, and arts and cultural institutions have expanded their free online content. Finally, this article discusses whether the short-term stressors from COVID-19 might lead to long-term changes in parenting and sustained interest in these resources. The authors’ findings provide additional support for the importance of arts and humanities in the educational experience of children.

Assessing Campylobacter Colonization of Broiler Herds Ante Mortem and Monitoring Campylobacter Contamination Post Mortem by qPCR.

Human campylobacteriosis is the most prevalent zoonosis, with chicken meat contributing substantially to the number of cases. Measures to avoid or at least reduce exposure by meat contaminated with Campylobacter (C.) spp. are needed. With regard to the process hygiene criterion introduced in 2018 for Campylobacter spp. on broiler carcasses, we evaluated the performance of a recently developed quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) for C. jejuni/coli on random caecal samples and chicken meat. With the qPCR on pooled caecal samples not only C. jejuni/coli positive (69.6%) versus negative broiler herds (30.4%) were identified, but herds highly colonized with C. jejuni/coli (39.4%) could also be identified. From the chicken meat samples, 8.0% were positive for C. jejuni/coli by qPCR and 0.7% by enumeration (>10 cfu/g) compared to 58.3% using cultural enrichment. Given the higher sensitivity, the qPCR method could replace the currently used enumeration method to assess the process hygiene criterion for Campylobacter spp. on broiler carcasses. Moreover, with the qPCR, a reliable identification of C. jejuni/coli colonized incoming broiler herds a few days before slaughter is feasible, which provides important information to optimize slaughter processes. Finally, identifying and monitoring herds with high C. jejuni/coli colonization rates could help to individually improve biosecurity measures at farm level, eventually reducing the C. jejuni/coli load on chicken meat.

Successful disinfection of trumpet mouthpieces using domestic steam disinfection.

There have been numerous reports in the literature describing the diversity of microbial flora isolated from woodwind and brass instruments, with potential infection risks for players, especially when such instruments are shared. Steam disinfection has become established as a trusted method of decontamination; however, there have been no reports on the employment of this technology to disinfect parts of musical instruments, hence it was the aim of this study to examine the fate of bacterial and yeast pathogens on artificially contaminated trumpet mouthpieces and to evaluate whether such disinfection is an effective method of disinfection for such instrument parts. Trumpet mouthpieces were artificially contaminated with 18 microbial strains (17 bacteria from four genera (Enterococcus, Escherichia, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus) and one yeast (Candida)), each at an inoculum density of approximately 1·5×107 colony forming units and subjected to a disinfection cycle. The experiment was repeated including 50% (v/v) sterile sputum as soil. No bacteria or yeast organisms were recovered post disinfection, including following recovery and with nonselective cultural enrichment techniques.

Successful Eradication of Taylorella asinigenitalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae Venereal Bacterial Pathogens Using Domestic Steam Disinfection: Implications for AI Practice

Steam disinfection has become established as a trusted method of microbial decontamination; however, there have been no reports on the use of this technology to disinfect equipment used in collection of semen in artificial insemination practice. Hence, it was the aim of this study to examine the survival of Taylorella asinigenitalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae venereal bacterial pathogens using domestic steam disinfection. Sixteen bacterial pathogens from three genera Taylorella, Pseudomonas, and Klebsiella each at an inoculum density of approximately 1.5 × 107 colony-forming units were subjected to a steam disinfection cycle. No bacteria were recovered after disinfection, including following recovery and nonselective cultural enrichment techniques. In the absence of full sterilization, domestic steam disinfection of equipment offers a cheap, simple, and widely available technology for the elimination of these pathogens, thereby enhancing infection control in equine breeding.