Cuban American Research Articles

Association Between Discrimination and Depressive Symptoms Among Hispanic or Latino Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Study.

Discrimination and xenophobia toward Hispanic and Latino communities increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, likely inflicting significant harm on the mental health of Hispanic and Latino individuals. Pandemic-related financial and social instability has disproportionately affected Hispanic and Latino communities, potentially compounding existing disparities and worsening mental health. This study aims to examine the association between discrimination and depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic among a national sample of Hispanic and Latino adults. Data from a 116-item web-based nationally distributed survey from May 2021 to January 2022 were analyzed. The sample (N=1181) was restricted to Hispanic or Latino (Mexican or Mexican American, Puerto Rican; Cuban or Cuban American, Central or South American, and Dominican or another Hispanic or Latino ethnicity) adults. Depression symptoms were assessed using the 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire. Discrimination was assessed using the 5-item Everyday Discrimination Scale. A multinomial logistic regression with a block entry model was used to assess the relationship between discrimination and the likelihood of depressive symptoms, as well as examine how controls and covariates affected the relationship of interest. Mexican or Mexican American adults comprised the largest proportion of the sample (533/1181, 45.13%), followed by Central or South American (204/1181, 17.3%), Puerto Rican (189/1181, 16%), Dominican or another Hispanic or Latino ethnicity (172/1181, 14.6%), and Cuban or Cuban American (83/1181, 7.03%). Approximately 31.26% (367/1181) of the sample had depressive symptoms. Regarding discrimination, 54.56% (634/1181) reported experiencing some form of discrimination. Compared with those who did not experience discrimination, those who experienced discrimination had almost 230% higher odds of depressive symptoms (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 3.31, 95% CI 2.42-4.54). Also, we observed that sociodemographic factors such as age and gender were significant. Compared with participants aged 56 years and older, participants aged 18-35 years and those aged 36-55 years had increased odds of having depressive symptoms (AOR 3.83, 95% CI 2.13-6.90 and AOR 3.10, 95% CI 1.74-5.51, respectively). Women had higher odds of having depressive symptoms (AOR 1.67, 95% CI 1.23-2.30) than men. Respondents with an annual income of less than US $25,000 (AOR 2.14, 95% CI 1.34-3.41) and US $25,000 to less than US $35,000 (AOR 1.89, 95% CI 1.17-3.06) had higher odds of depressive symptoms than those with an annual income of US $50,000 to less than US $75,000. Our findings provide significant importance especially when considering the compounding, numerous socioeconomic challenges stemming from the pandemic that disproportionately impact the Hispanic and Latino communities. These challenges include rising xenophobia and tensions against immigrants, inadequate access to mental health resources for Hispanic and Latino individuals, and existing hesitations toward seeking mental health services among this population. Ultimately, these findings can serve as a foundation for promoting health equity.

Cuban American Perspectives on Sexual Dysfunction Following Pelvic Radiotherapy: A Qualitative Study.

Participation in sexual medicine research may depend on a patient's willingness to speak openly about sex, sexual function, or other sensitive topics. These topics may be difficult or uncomfortable to talk about, and this discomfort may be further amplified when a patient comes from a cultural background that stigmatizes open conversation about sex and sexuality. We used qualitative analysis to better understand the intersection between cultural identity, the experience of sexual dysfunction as a side-effect of pelvic radiotherapy, and willingness to communicate about sexual dysfunction with healthcare providers, in Cuban American women in Miami, Florida. Doing so, we found four unique themes among Cuban American participants regarding the intersection of national identity, Hispanic identity, Catholic religion, and their experience of radiotherapy-related sexual dysfunction: Marianismo, Machismo, Familismo, and Espiritismo. These themes, a reflection of the cohort's shared identity, were found to have an effect on participant views of sexual health, romantic relationships, coping strategies, and relative comfort discussing problems with intercourse. These cultural values served as barriers to openly discussing sexual dysfunction with not just medical providers and research teams but also their partners, families, and friends. In order to encourage Cuban American participation in sexual medicine studies, future research should evaluate strategies to overcome these barriers.

Neuropsychiatric features in a multi-ethnic population with Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment.

Alzheimer disease (AD) is more prevalent in African American (AA) and Hispanic White (HIW) compared to Non-Hispanic White (NHW) individuals. Similarly, neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) vary by population in AD. This is likely the result of both sociocultural and genetic ancestral differences. However, the impact of these NPS on AD in different groups is not well understood. Self-declared AA, HIW, and NHW individuals were ascertained as part of ongoing AD genetics studies. Participants who scored higher than 0.5 on the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) Scale (CDR) were included. Group similarities and differences on Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q) outcomes (NPI-Q total score, NPI-Q items) were evaluated using univariate ANOVAs and post hoc comparisons after controlling for sex and CDR stage. Our sample consisted of 498 participants (26% AA; 30% HIW; 44% NHW). Overall, NPI-Q total scores differed significantly between our groups, with HIW having the highest NPI-Q total scores, and by AD stage as measured by CDR. We found no significant difference in NPI-Q total score by sex. There were six NPI-Q items with comparable prevalence in all groups and six items that significantly differed between the groups (Anxiety, Apathy, Depression, Disinhibition, Elation, and Irritability). Further, within the HIW group, differences were found between Puerto Rican and Cuban American Hispanics across several NPI-Q items. Finally, Six NPI-Q items were more prevalent in the later stages of AD including Agitation, Appetite, Hallucinations, Irritability, Motor Disturbance, and Nighttime Behavior. We identified differences in NPS among HIW, AA, and NHW individuals. Most striking was the high burden of NPS in HIW, particularly for mood and anxiety symptoms. We suggest that NPS differences may represent the impact of sociocultural influences on symptom presentation as well as potential genetic factors rooted in ancestral background. Given the complex relationship between AD and NPS it is crucial to discern the presence of NPS to ensure appropriate interventions.

The Cuban Vote by Carmen Pelaez (review)

Reviewed by: The Cuban Vote by Carmen Pelaez Horacio Sierra THE CUBAN VOTE. By Carmen Pelaez. Directed by Loretta Greco. Colony Theater, Miami New Drama, Miami Beach. April 22, 2022. Carmen Pelaez’s The Cuban Vote demonstrated just how vital regional theatre is and how well it is able to reflect the realities of local communities and the sociopolitical discourses they sustain. Inspired in equal measure by the international attention Miami’s Cuban American community garners every election cycle, William Shakespeare’s The Taming of the Shrew, and the snappy writing of Aaron Sorkin’s The West Wing, Pelaez’s play buzzed with urgent energy and left the audience pealing with laughter at jokes that lampooned the three-ring circus that is Miami’s political scene. But just as the retort “Fidel Castro is dead”—delivered deadpan by the play’s main character, Carolina Clarens (Carmen Pelaez) when she was being interviewed by a right-wing, Spanish-language radio host—sent shudders through the audience, The Cuban Vote takes everyone to task for the political mayhem of the last twenty years. Liberals, conservatives, candidates, political consultants, mainstream media, social media, naïve Cuban Americans nostalgic for pre-Castro community, cynical Cuban Americans who are “over the whole Castro thing,” and every disengaged Miamian in between are all held to account. Carolina is an intelligent and wonky candidate for mayor of Miami-Dade county. Despite having managed the office of a former mayor, who also happens to have been her father, Carolina is faltering in the polls. With a skeleton crew consisting of her seen-it-all mother, Ofelia (Evelyn Perez), and social media influencer sister, Blanca (Marcela Paguaga), the campaign needs help. Blanca’s boyfriend, the obnoxiously charming bitcoin bro Benji Carbonell (Kristian Bikic), is eager to wed Blanca. But Blanca [End Page 87] has informed Benji that her mother won’t consent to the marriage until Carolina is elected mayor. Benji calls in a favor from a Miami native, Alex Mesa (Andhy Mendez), who has made a name for himself in Washington, DC as a slick political consultant. Benji pays Alex’s salary to ensure Carolina wins her campaign and Benji can marry Blanca. After Alex convinces another formidable candidate not to enter the race, he realizes how unlikable Carolina is. To offer voters a clear contrast between Carolina’s governing prowess and the clueless schmucks who usually dominate Miami’s political scene, he recruits a drunk viejo sitting at a bar, the scene-stealing Gilberto Ruiz (Jonathan Nichols-Navarro), to run for office. Gilberto—a character clearly inspired by the Christopher Sly lark at the beginning of Taming of the Shrew—believes he has what it takes to be mayor. The play soon amps up the didacticism as it serves up a cautionary tale with which we are all too familiar: experience, merit, and know-how are often overshadowed by superficial showmanship. Especially in a city as flashy as Miami. Click for larger view View full resolution Andhy Mendez (Alex Mesa), Carmen Pelaez (Carolina Clarens), and Kristian Bikic (Benji Carbonell) in The Cuban Vote. Photo: Stian Roenning. Pelaez’s keen appreciation for the local vernacular of Miami’s Cuban American community not only makes for great jokes, it also underscores regional theatre’s ability to offer representation to communities that are often excluded from Broadway and from canonical theatre that is deemed to be representative of the American experience. As The Cuban Vote makes clear, political machinations, ambitious individuals, and falling in love, may be universal, but the way in which these themes are expressed have more power when the audience feels a visceral connection to them. For example, a popular meme riffs on how Hispanic communities will take someone’s insecurity (big nose, skinny, red-headed) and make it a loving nickname (narizón, flaco, peliroja, respectively). The double-edged sword of such nicknames is on display in The Cuban Vote when Gilberto continually disparages Carolina by calling her “la gorda” (the fat woman) during interviews. In response to a debate question about climate change and rising sea levels, Gilberto’s anti-intellectualism is subsumed by his callousness: “Let the seas rise. I float! [To Carolina] Especially...

Imperial Educación: Race and Republican Motherhood in the Nineteenth-Century Americas by Thomas Genova

Reviewed by: Imperial Educación: Race and Republican Motherhood in the Nineteenth-Century Americas by Thomas Genova Felipe Martínez-Pinzón Keywords International Education, Nation Formation, Republicanism, Motherhood, Gender, Race, Thomas Genova, Felipe Martínez-Pinzón genova, thomas. Imperial Educación: Race and Republican Motherhood in the Nineteenth-Century Americas. U of Virginia P, 2021, 342 pp. Imperial Educación: Race and Republican Motherhood in the Nineteenth-Century Americas offers a refreshing approach to Latin American literary and cultural studies, specifically 19th-century studies, through rigorous transnational [End Page 323] archival work and a literary review of three national literatures placed in dialogue, friction and mutual influence: the United States, Cuba and Argentina. As part of a recent trend in hemispheric studies of our 19th-century literatures, alongside important names and titles in Hemispheric Studies such as Ronald Brigg's The Moral Electricity of Print: Transatlantic Education in Lima Women's Circuit, 1876–1910 (2017) and Rodrigo Lazo's Writing Cuba: Filibustering and Cuban Exiles in the United States (2005), Thomas Genova offers a nuanced analysis of a critical trope—or at least one that reveals itself as critical thanks to his book—to the construction of the American republics as "Bourgeois Republics": the racialized figure of the republican mother as teacher, and the teacher as mother. Spanning the mid-19th century all the way to the postwar Spanish–Cuban–American war of 1898, Genova traces this trope in a fascinating array of canonical and noncanonical literary texts, as well as in legal writings, poetry, private correspondence, political essays, travelogues and memoirs. His book offers new readings of classics such as Domingo Faustino Sarmiento's Viajes: Europa, Africa, América (1849), Cirilo Villaverde's Cecilia Valdés (1882), and James Fenimore Cooper's The Last of the Mohicans (1826), in dialogue with other, lesser known texts that reveal the outstanding level of hemispheric cultural porosity among foundational novels, travelogues and memoirs. In conversation with scholarship that reads nationalism and regionalism as a reaction and at the same time a product of imperialism, Genova invites us, among other original interventions, to read Eduarda Mansilla's Lucía Miranda as an old creole Hispanophile's reaction to the Americanization of the national-civilizatory discourse mobilized by Sarmiento's readings of Cooper. The book also offers nuanced readings of Mary Mann's recently recovered Juanita (1887) and Martín Morúa Delgado's (1891) Sofía as different, yet dialoguing, interventions about what model of cultural reproduction (or miscarriage) is better suited for racially diverse republics such as Cuba. Genova's central argument is that education—as a republican duty assigned to women—traversed the debates about how to civilize and incorporate into the fledgling republic a vastly diverse panorama of racialized peoples. The consequences of focusing on the crossings of education, gender and race with a hemispheric scope are manifold and inspiring. First, in line with other scholars, this crossing entails seeing Latin America as a "deeper South" that partakes of northern North American stereotypes of the US South. Secondly, and stemming from this, Genova invites us to see the cultural (and sometimes familial) [End Page 324] connections between, say, the Cuban plantation elite and the US southern gentry. Thirdly, the book places emphasis on novelists writing foundational fictions at the end of the 19th century not only as writers but as readers of this particular genre, and as such, conscious of the narrative opportunities and shortcomings of this pedagogical literary corpus. Thanks to it, Cirilo Villaverde is uncovered as a reader not only of the mid-19th-century Latin American and US canon (Marmol's Amalia, Blest Gana's Martín Rivas or even Delaney's Blake?), and Cuban (Morúa Delgado) and non-Cuban writers (Mary Mann) are seen as readers that rewrite Cecilia Valdés (for Morúa Delgado this has been the typical read), but in doing so, center other ways of conceiving of gender, race and education in the island's turn-of-the-century literature. Imperial Educación is divided into two parts composed of three chapters each. Chapters one, two and three dwell on Argentina–US relations after Rosa's exile, while chapters...

Trumpism, Cuban Americans, and the Fetishism of Politics

This article analyses the transfigured way in which President Trump and the Cuban-American far right exercised their power. It assesses both the underlying social relations behind this in both US society as a whole and in particular in its subset of the Cuban-American community in Miami, and the construction of what Michel Foucault called a truth regime which serves to hide the social actors’ true power-related goals. Theoretical perspectives about the nature of power in international relations, and society as a whole, are employed in this endeavour. It is concluded that beyond the predominant Cold War politics and narrative, Trump and the Cuban-American far right’s goal was to maintain the local and national power structure they have benefited from, given the perceived harmful impact of Barack Obama’s policies.

쿠바계 미국인의 귀향 내러티브에 나타난 인식의 충돌과 화해: A Little Something to Ease the Pain과 I Was Always Afraid를 중심으로

This paper is a comparative study of two plays A Little Something to Ease the Pain by Rene R, Alomá and We were Always Afraid by Leopold Hernández, which deal with “return narratives” of exile and diasporic experiences of Cuban Americans. It explores the motivation of 1.5 generation Cuban immigrants, who are called Cubabia, to return to Cuba, aspects of their reunion with homeland and confliction, and reconciliation between memories and reality they are expected to face. Specifically whether the returning homeland which have been displayed in the imaginary representation by two protagonists can be a realization of utopian zeal or dystopian recognition can be an important agenda for discussion, This study also captures commonness of return narratives in A Little Something to Ease the Pain and We were Always Afraid which display existential crisis from the conflicts between utopian and dystopian experience with dynamic intertextuality of home, homeland, and return. Delicate concern to the journey of protagonists who have struggled to preserve Cuban identity in the mist of opposite perspectives, exile and unification provides perspectives of the future of Cubania. The experience of 1.5 generation Cuban Americans displayed in these two plays is not only an indicator of solidarity which strengthens ethnic identity and commonness with Latinos but revolts against marginalisation of immigrants or diaspora.

Hate crime victimization and reporting within Miami's queer Latine immigrant population.

This research examined hate crime victimization and crime reporting among Miami's lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) Latine immigrant population. Informed by the intersectionality perspective and the Cuban dominance thesis, I predicted that respondents would experience higher levels of victimization than what law enforcement data capture, yet the vast majority of these crimes would go unreported (Hypothesis 1); Respondents or third parties would be more likely to report victimization to police as crime severity increased (Hypothesis 2); and Cuban LGBTQ victims would be more likely to report crime than non-Cuban Latines (Hypothesis 3). Four hundred LGBTQ immigrant Latine individuals (age: M = 37.7 years, Cuban = 51.5%, transgender = 5.8%) in Miami completed face-to-face interviews through a three-stage venue-based sampling procedure. Although 48% of screened respondents reported experiencing at least one incident of victimization within 5 years, they reported only 15% of these incidents to police (supporting Hypothesis 1). Increased violent and property crime were associated with markedly increased reporting (odds ratio [OR] = 5.44, p < .001), as was the use of a weapon (OR = 2.80, p < .01; supporting Hypothesis 2). Friends' encouragement to report a crime was by far the strongest predictor of crime reporting (OR = 12.47, p < .001). Cuban Americans were less likely to report anti-LGBTQ hate crimes to the police, although this effect was not statistically significant after models accounted for documented and new immigrant measures of (supporting Hypothesis 3). Hate crime victimization and underreporting were prevalent in this sample. Given the different crime-reporting outcomes for Cuban victims, it is important to examine victimization and crime reporting among the Latine population by country of origin. Queer networks and friends within the LGBTQ community may facilitate reporting crime and seeking help. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Past Conditional Subjectivities: Enacting Relationships with the Non-Human in the Work of Ana Mendieta

Inspired by what literary scholar Lisa Lowe calls “the past conditional temporality”—or the “what could have been”—this paper examines how the work of 20th-century Cuban American performance artist Ana Mendieta challenges modernist ontologies that separate the human from the non-human, simultaneously calling on older ways of being and demonstrating that they never disappeared. Many argue that the ecological crises of the Anthropocene are in large part due to the proliferation of modernist worldviews that set humans apart from the non-human world. The rise of European rationalist philosophies in the early modern period played a central role in the proliferation of instrumentalist relationships between humans and the non-human world. This paper explores how Mendieta’s Silueta and Rupestrian Sculptures series (from the 1970s and 1980s) resist the logic of European capitalism and colonialism, revealing that the relationships that rationalism sought to subdue have always existed, will continue to exist, and can proliferate. Symbolic communication is a key means of mediating and actualizing relationships between subjects, and so, if a non-instrumental relationship is possible between the human and non-human, visual art ought to be a possible means of enactment. Through Mendieta’s work, this paper considers the mechanisms by which this is possible. By considering meaning-making as a basis for life, the co-constitution of human/non-human subjectivities, and the inherent permeability of the category of the individual, this paper highlights counter-modernist visual art practices that are of special urgency in the age of the Anthropocene.

Spanish-influenced lexical phenomena in emerging Miami English

AbstractThis study considers the role of Spanish-to-English calques in a variety of English that has developed alongside Spanish in Miami (U.S.). Data were obtained from three sources: (1) a production experiment (translation task) conducted with two generations of Cuban Americans, (2) a perception experiment (acceptability task) conducted with Miami-based raters and raters from a national audience using Mechanical Turk, and (3) calques and related lexico-semantic phenomena culled from a corpus of sociolinguistic interviews conducted with Latinx college students. Results of the production task show that Spanish-dominant participants make robust use of calque expressions; second-generation participants use them less. Results of mixed linear effects regression analysis show that Miamians perceive of local expressions more favorably than national participants, though like national raters rank non-calque expressions more highly than calques. The approval of the Miami raters to the local expressions was driven primarily by six test items: (e.g.get down from the car).

Miamiando: Performing Cubanness in the Time of Elián in Jennine Capó’s Make Your Home Among Strangers

This essay scrutinizes the 2015 debut novel Make Your Home Among Strangers, written by Cuban American writer Jennine Capó Crucet. Through the methodology of textual analysis, it aims to critically examine and demonstrate how this novel center on the process of shaping and re-shaping one’s constructed identity in its intersections with a complex web of traditions, history, immigration, politics, power struggles, place and displacement, socio economic and class determinants. Guided by J. Butler and J. Blocker’s ideas on performativity, the essay posits that Cuban “exiles” occupy their exile “as a discursive position” to create and stage an identity. It examines the intersectional performativity of being Cuban in the United States, and the power/identitarian struggles of claiming Cubanness, as presented by Capó Crucet in her excellent first novel.

Individual-Level Cultural Factors and Use of Survey Response Styles Among Latino Survey Respondents

Acquiescent (ARS) and extreme response styles (ERS) can have detrimental effects on survey data and, for unknown reasons, are more frequently used by Latino than non-Latino white respondents. This exploratory study examined the influence of culture on these response styles by investigating their associations with individual-level cultural factors and ARS and ERS among 1,296 Mexican American, Puerto Rican, and Cuban American telephone survey respondents. Principal components representing stronger endorsement of marianismo/ machismo and social attentiveness ( simpatía, personalismo, respect for elders, value for sincerity, collectivism, individualism) were associated with higher ARS and ERS, while higher trust in strangers and more limited health literacy were associated with lower ERS. Findings from this study will enable survey designers to better anticipate ARS and ERS in surveys with Latino populations and, in turn, guide the selection of data collection and analysis methods to mitigate measurement error in the presence of these response styles.

1174-P: A Posteriori Dietary Patterns and Insulin-Resistance Status and Diabetes Risk by Hispanic/Latino Heritage in HCHS/SOL

We examined links among dietary patterns (DPs) , insulin resistance (IR) , and diabetes risk by heritage (Cuban, Dominican, Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Central and South American) in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) . HCHS/SOL is a population-based cohort of 16,415 Hispanics/Latinos aged 18-74 y living in 4 US cities. At both visits, questionnaires and clinical examinations were administered, including two 24-hr diet recalls conducted at baseline only (2008-11) . Among 7,774 participants with 2nd-visit data (2014-17) and without diabetes at baseline, we performed heritage-specific principal factor analyses and characterized overarching DPs based on high-loading foods shared by ≥ 2 heritage groups. We classified 6-yr IR status (improved, unchanged, worsened) using a SD-change in fasting insulin. We defined incident diabetes using self-report, self-reported diabetes medication, or labs (fasting glucose (≥126 mg/dL) , post-OGTT (≥200 mg/dL) , or HbA1C (≥6.5%)) . We identified 5 overarching DPs: Burger, Fries, &amp; Soft Drinks; White Rice, Beans, &amp; Red Meats; Fish &amp; Whole Grains; Cheese &amp; Sweets; and Stew &amp; Corn. Comparing highest to lowest quintiles, the Burger, Fries, &amp; Soft Drinks DP in Dominicans (log-odds: 2.35, 95% CI: 1.02, 3.68, P trend=0.037) and White Rice, Beans, &amp; Red Meats DP in Cubans (log-odds: 1.27, 95% CI: 0.49, 2.06, P trend =0.009) were associated with worsened (vs. unchanged) 6-year IR status. The Burger, Fries, &amp; Soft Drinks DP in Puerto Ricans (OR: 3.00, 95% CI:1.50, 5.99, P trend=0.003) and the White Rice, Beans, &amp; Red Meats DP in Central Americans (OR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.05, 5.50, P trend=0.032) were associated with greater diabetes risk. In sum, dietary interventions for diabetes prevention should be tailored by Hispanic/Latino heritage. Disclosure L.E.Maldonado: None. L.Gallo: None. S.Albrecht: None. D.Sotres-alvarez: None. J.Mattei: None. M.L.Daviglus: None. G.A.Talavera: None. K.M.Perreira: None. L.Van horn: None. Y.Mossavar-rahmani: None. M.N.Lecroy: None. Funding The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) was carried out as a collaborative study supported by contracts from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) to the University of North Carolina (N01-HC65233) , University of Miami (N01-HC65234) , Albert Einstein College of Medicine (N01-HC65235) , Northwestern University (N01-HC65236) , and San Diego State University (N01-HC65237) . The following Institutes/Centers/Offices contribute to the HCHS/SOL through a transfer of funds to the NHLBI: National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities, the National Institute of Deafness and Other Communications Disorders, the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, and the Office of Dietary Supplements. This research received support from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Global Cardiometabolic Disease Training Grant (1T32HL129969-01A1) , the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K01DK107791) ,and from the Population Research Infrastructure Program (R24 HD050924) awarded to the Carolina Population Center at The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.

What are the different ways in which we can understand gendered diasporic identities?

Gender studies has facilitated the exploration of Aids and Migration among other social problems, and has enabled a more sensible understanding of the discrimination practices that exist around them. This paper will discuss the aspects in which gender studies have contributed to assess issues regarding migration from the gendered diaspora perspective. This sociological construction of diaspora encompasses the many different reasons why migrants decide to leave their country, bounded by national, racial or ethnic background, which enroll in a strong political motivation. Although in this essay, the theoretical discussion will embrace male gendered diasporas as well, critics of the term have questioned how gendered diasporas have been traditionally understood of men. The first part of the discussion will be guided by the question: what is a gendered diaspora identity? The essay will emphasise the gendered category of analysis. I will argue how gendered identities are constructed under the circumstances of dominance and oppression that result from displacement. First, the deconstruction of the social category of gendered diaspora will be assessed, through an examination of Ella Shohat ́s agreement of identity. The essay will then examine the term diaspora and its ambivalences and criticisms. The second part of the discussion will consider three separate cases of how gendered diasporic identities are being understood, including: the cultural representations of Cuban Americans, the Sikh diaspora and Armenian women in Los Angeles.

90 millas: Relaciones económicas Cuba–Estados Unidos, 1898–2020

90 millas: Relaciones económicas Cuba–Estados Unidos, 1898–2020

Isabel “Lefty” Alvarez: The Improbable Life of a Cuban American Baseball Star

Isabel “Lefty” Alvarez: The Improbable Life of a Cuban American Baseball Star

Call for Inclusive and Diverse Suicide Prevention Strategies Among Cuban Americans: A Brief Report.

Suicide is a leading cause of death in Hispanics globally and nationally. Intentional death rates were higher in Cuba than Mexico in 2016. In the United States (US), suicide mortality rates were greater among Hispanics in rural than urban areas from 2001 to 2015. Although the US lacks suicide research in undocumented Hispanics, few studies have reported increased risk in immigrants. Limited research also indicates higher intentional death rates in Cuban Americans compared with other Hispanic American subgroups. However, suicide prevention strategies for at-risk Cuban Americans are lacking due to a scarcity of research among diverse Hispanics. Researchers could collaborate with health care providers to develop effective suicide prevention methods for Cuban Americans with suicidal problems. This report provides an overview of suicidal behavior in Hispanic Americans with a focus on Cuban Americans. Gaps related to the research topic, as well as recommendations for practice, research, and health policy, are provided in this report.

Abstract P179: The Association Of A Genetic Risk Score With Prevalent Coronary Heart Disease In The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study Of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the leading causes of death for the Hispanic/Latino population living in the United States (US). One way to reduce the burden of CHD is to target therapy and primary prevention in high-risk groups. Towards this end, a genetic risk score (GRS) constructed from 71 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) has been used in populations of European ancestry to identify those at higher risk for CHD events and who would benefit most from statin therapy. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate a 71-SNP GRS with prevalent CHD in the HCHS/SOL cohort. Methods: The HCHS/SOL is a prospective, multi-center, population-based study that enrolled 16,415 Hispanic/Latino adults aged 18-74 years from four US communities in 2008-2011. Prevalent CHD was defined as self-reported physician-diagnosed angina, myocardial infarction, bypass, angioplasty, stent placement or evidence of electrocardiographic abnormalities indicative of CHD. We leveraged genome-wide genotype data to assess the association between a 71-SNP GRS and prevalent CHD among 9030 HCHS/SOL participants with accessible genetic data. Multivariable logistic regression was used to derive odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between GRS and prevalent CHD, adjusted for sex, age, and the first 5 principal components and weighted to adjust for sampling probability and non-response. Stratified analysis was conducted to explore heterogeneity by Hispanic/Latino background group. Results: The 71-SNP GRS had a range of 43-87 risk alleles among participants. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, participants in the top quintile of the GRS had 1.42 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.82) higher odds of prevalent CHD than participants in the lower four quintiles combined. Stratified analyses showed stronger associations between the GRS and prevalent CHD by Hispanic/Latino background group, with the strongest associations observed among participants of Cuban (OR=1.86; 95%: 1.18-2.92) and Central American (OR=2.81; 95% CI: 1.28-6.17) backgrounds. Conclusion: Our findings show that a previously developed 71-SNP GRS is associated with prevalent CHD among Hispanic/Latino participants. These findings may have important implications for lessening future CHD health disparities among Hispanics/Latinos living in the US.

Мотив изгнания в кубино-американской литературе

The article is devoted to the consideration of the peculiarities of the exile motive representation in the Cuban American literature. The philosophical aspects of exile are explicated, the correlation between the feeling of replacement in the elderly and geographical exile is ascertained. The specificity of the emotional experience of exile by the elderly characters C. Garcia, A. Menendez and S. Rodriguez Milanes is shown. The aim of the study is to determine the specificity of the emotional experience of exile by the elderly Cuban Americans. The scientific originality of the work lies in the fact that for the first time the phenomenon of exile in the Cuban American literature is analysed in detail. The results have shown that in ethnic diasporas of the Hispanics, elderly women and men experience exile in different ways.

Cuban Memory Wars: Retrospective Politics in Revolution and Exile

Cuban Memory Wars: Retrospective Politics in Revolution and Exile