Cross-disciplinary Perspective Research Articles

A feminist legal analysis of non-consensual sexualized deepfakes: contextualizing its impact as AI-generated image-based violence under EU law

ABSTRACT This article focuses on the legal contextualization of the generation of fake audiovisual sexual content based on replacing and shuffling facial or voice data using artificial intelligence (AI) technology without the previous consent, commonly known as ‘non-consensual sexualized deepfakes'. The legal analysis will be limited to examination of the impact of non-consensual sexualized deepfakes on the gender equality spectrum and gender-based violence context. For this reason, the analysis will be built upon the European AI Act – the applied legal framework when AI software is used – the European Directive on combating violence against women and domestic violence (GBV Directive) – which criminalizes the generation of sexualized deepfakes – and the Digital Service Act (DSA) – the legislative framework regulating online platforms, where mostly sexualized deepfakes are distributed. To better understand how sexualized deepfakes are generated, we will examine their generation and detection techniques through a short overview from a technical lens. The methodology used is built on the feminist critical approach – based on the ‘King Kong’ theory and abolitionist feminism – to the doctrinal analysis of the relevant European legislation. After having captured the harms of deepfake technology, legal solutions will be provided through this cross-disciplinary perspective.

Pharmacological profiles of neglected tropical disease drugs

According to the World health Organization there are a group of 20 diverse infectious Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) conditions that primarily affect populations in low-income and developing regions. Despite the limited attention and funding compared to other health concerns, significant efforts to develop drugs for treating and controlling NTDs have been made. However, there is room for developing NTD drugs with improved safety, efficacy and ecotoxicological profiles. In order to facilitate this, we have adapted our existing validated data-driven workflows for understanding disease comorbidity to systematically evaluate the approved drugs that target the major World Health Organization defined NTDs. The foundation for this work comprised assembling the physicochemical, biological and clinical properties of each NTD drug and identifying patterns that reveal the underlying cause of their efficacy and side-effect profiles. Subsequently, computational methods were employed to identify analogs with potentially improved profiles and validated in a case study focusing on the teratogenic antileishmanial drug miltefosine. The wider impact of NTD drugs with regards to a One Health cross-disciplinary perspective at the human-animal-environment interface are also discussed.

Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives on Youth Digital Well-Being Research: Identifying Notable Developments, Persistent Gaps, and Future Directions

The purpose of this paper is to provide a broad, multi-disciplinary overview of key insights, persistent gaps, and future paths in youth digital well-being research from the perspectives of researchers who are conducting this work. Participants included 38 researchers representing diverse disciplinary fields from universities and research institutes spanning 12 countries. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 25 researchers via Zoom and hosted a two-day virtual convening with 26 researchers, 13 of whom had participated in the interviews. We employed reflexive thematic analysis to analyze the interview and convening data. Our analysis surfaced three notable developments in youth digital well-being research: (1) greater nuance in measures of young people’s social media experiences, (2) increased representation of diverse adolescents’ experiences, and (3) a growing number of interventions targeting youth digital well-being. Persistent gaps include a relative lack of cross-cultural work, particularly in the Global South, as well as culturally sensitive interventions that fit the needs and contexts of diverse youth. By examining existing research through the perspectives of researchers spanning multiple fields, we contribute a cross-disciplinary view on the current state of knowledge and identify priorities for youth digital well-being research.

4.K. Scientific session: The realm of the information ecosystem and its public health impact

Abstract Workshop background As a field of science, study, practice, and policy, infodemic management has emerged during the Covid-19 pandemic but has since been emancipated and can be translated to any topic where information ecosystems play a vital role. In particular relevant to public health, infodemic managers have grown in the ranks of institutes of public health, academic institutions, UN agencies and civil society organizations, tackling outbreaks and public health issues as wide as mpox, Marburg, teen mental health, chronic diseases, seasonal influenza, Ebola and routine immunization. Aiming at improving public health strategies, they are responsible for exploring and investigating personal and organizational (health) information ecosystem, generating evidence, identifying patterns of communication and information flow, tackling the onset and distribution of circulating mis- and disinformation, better understanding information voids, and respond to citizen needs concerning information demands around emergencies. In this workshop, we will focus on several common challenges associated with implementing whole-of-society interventions and strategies for resilience to health misinformation. Solving these challenges, which often are too big just for the health system to solve, will sometimes require creativity, out-of-the-box thinking as well as cross-disciplinary perspectives and new partnerships. Infodemics are also a global challenge that can easily cross borders, which is why country-to-country discussions of experiences by participants is encouraged-while no previous infodemic management experience is required. Workshop objectives The workshop will be organized as a research symposium with five speakers from infodemic management, health information, and health literacy. They will provide a solid introduction to infodemic management from different perspectives and angles. (i) The first presentation will introduce a study on health information seeking and health literacy in midwife-led care and the modern information environment. (ii) The second presentation will discuss how fact-checking organizations can partner within public health for a healthier internet. (iii) The third presentation will focus on unravelling misinformation by investigating the associations between health literacy and resilience. (iv) The fourth presentation will present a novel web-platform for credible health information and tackling misinformation. (v) The fifth presentation focuses on the impact of misinformation on social media in the context of natural disasters. The format of this workshop will be 5x8-minute presentations, including Q&A with the audiences, followed by a 20-minute panel discussion, reflecting the relevance of the results to public health research, practice and policy. Key messages • Infodemic management seeks to quickly understand the public’s information and health needs improve future public health responses, especially during emergencies. • Whole-of-society approaches are needed to address and mitigate harms caused by infodemics by developing closer partnerships and understanding between health systems and the public.

Examining graduate student perspectives on supervision and peer mentoring across four professional faculties

Purpose The purpose of the study was to examine graduate student perspectives on the common and unique roles peer mentors and supervisors play in supporting student success and wellbeing during their program. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative research design involving semistructured interviews with 62 thesis-based masters and doctoral students from four professional faculties, Education, Medicine, Nursing and Social Work, at a large public research-intensive university in Canada. Findings Findings transcend the four disciplines of study. Communities of support are described that involve both supervisors and peers in combination, clusters of meaning by supervisory paradigm are identified and original findings presented that expand upon the learning alliance framework by explicitly considering the role of peer mentors in graduate student success. Research limitations/implications While supervisors bear primary responsibility for fostering effective research-based relationships, this study’s findings strengthen the argument that mentoring and advising of graduate students is most effective when conducted within a collaborative community of support that involves learning alliances among faculty, peers, program staff and academic leaders across the institution. Practical implications A four-pronged approach to graduate education that emphasizes the collective responsibility of institutions, programs, supervisors and students in creating a supportive ecosystem for holistic graduate student academic success and wellbeing is recommended. Social implications Key argument that it is essential to embrace a collaborative and community of support mindset, where multiple stakeholders actively contribute to the wellbeing and academic development of graduate students throughout their programs. Originality/value A cross-disciplinary perspective is offered on the importance of both supervisors and peers in assisting thesis-based graduate students to successfully navigate academic, social and personal journeys through graduate school.

Cross-disciplinary perspectives on Nuo opera: bridging the gap between art, culture, and society in Guizhou

One of the most popular folk operas in China is the Nuo opera. Nuo opera, which is distinguished by its distinct elements such as vicious masks, peculiar clothing and jewelry, peculiar language spoken during performances, and enigmatic scenarios, has been named one of China's intangible cultural legacies. The opera is a religious act that is fundamental to the Chinese folk religion known as Nuoism. Nuo opera is performed to ward off evil spirits, illnesses, and other influences. It also serves as a prayer request to the gods for favors. Nuo opera features singing and dancing, as well as masks and costumes for the performers. This research explores Nuo opera, a traditional performance art form that is deeply established in the cultural and social structure of Guizhou using a cross-disciplinary technique that unites art and culture. Sociocultural influence, the study examines how, in a setting that is changing quickly, Nuo Opera acts as an interface for social unity and cultural continuity. The distinct features that this culture exhibits, together with the numerous benefits that the society's sustained growth has brought subsequent such as cultural, social, and economic values, among other significant elements. This study emphasizes interdisciplinary analysis, and its goals are to improve our understanding of the cultural value of Nuo Opera and provide useful insights for ensuring its persistent presence and significance in Guizhou society.

Introduction to ‘Making the most of AI’s potential: cross-disciplinary perspectives on the role of AI in science and society’

Introduction to ‘Making the most of AI’s potential: cross-disciplinary perspectives on the role of AI in science and society’

Determinant factors for online cash waqf intention among Muslim millennial generation

Purpose This study aims to examine the factors influencing the intention of Muslim Millennial Generation in Indonesia to donate cash waqf digitally. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative approach was employed, surveying 284 Muslim Millennial Generation in Indonesia. The study integrated the Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior (DTPB) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to investigate the key factors driving the intention to contribute to cash waqf digitally. The researcher analyzed data using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings The findings of this study indicate that all hypotheses related to the variables are supported, including both direct and indirect correlations, except for perceived religiosity. This study confirms that the decision of millennials to donate cash waqf online is influenced by various factors, including their attitudes, the environment they are in, their ability to control their behavior, their perception of the ease and usefulness of technology and the availability of suitable facilities. Knowledge of technology is also a decisive component. Nevertheless, this study yielded intriguing findings that the perceived level of religious devotion does not impact the millennials’ willingness to make online cash waqf donations. Practical implications This study’s findings offer valuable insights for waqf institutions, providing a better understanding of Muslim millennials’ characteristics and preferences regarding spending, donations and waqf activities. This understanding can be instrumental in enhancing innovative digital platforms for cash waqf in the digital economy era. Originality/value This study uniquely explores the determinants of digital cash waqf donations among Muslim Millennial Generation in Indonesia. Contributions include integrating the DTPB and the TAM for a comprehensive analysis. Cross-disciplinary perspectives from behavioral economics and digital marketing enrich the research. Comparative studies and potential longitudinal analysis enhance depth, providing nuanced insights into the dynamic factors shaping digital donation behavior among Muslim millennials.

A Study and Review of the Current State of Research on Nepal: Based on the Analysis of Literature from CNKI

This article conducts a comprehensive search and analysis of literature from the "China National Knowledge Infrastructure" (CNKI) over the past decade focusing on "Nepal." It discusses the main content, key values, and practical applications of research on Nepal. By summarizing and reviewing the existing literature, this paper highlights achievements, identifies problems in past research, innovates cross-disciplinary perspectives related to Nepal, and proposes future research directions.

Artificial intelligence literacy: a proposed faceted taxonomy

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose a taxonomy of artificial intelligence (AI) literacy to support AI literacy education and research.Design/methodology/approachThis study makes use of the facet analysis technique and draws upon various sources of data and information to develop a taxonomy of AI literacy. The research consists of the following key steps: a comprehensive review of the literature published on AI literacy research, an examination of well-known AI classification schemes and taxonomies, a review of prior research on data/information/digital literacy research and a qualitative and quantitative analysis of 1,031 metadata records on AI literacy publications. The KH Coder 3 software application was used to analyse metadata records from the Scopus multidisciplinary database.FindingsA new taxonomy of AI literacy is proposed with 13 high-level facets and a list of specific subjects for each facet.Research limitations/implicationsThe proposed taxonomy may serve as a conceptual AI literacy framework to support the critical understanding, use, application and examination of AI-enhanced tools and technologies in various educational and organizational contexts.Practical implicationsThe proposed taxonomy provides a knowledge organization and knowledge mapping structure to support curriculum development and the organization of digital information.Social implicationsThe proposed taxonomy provides a cross-disciplinary perspective of AI literacy. It can be used, adapted, modified or enhanced to accommodate education and learning opportunities and curricula in different domains, disciplines and subject areas.Originality/valueThe proposed AI literacy taxonomy offers a new and original conceptual framework that builds on a variety of different sources of data and integrates literature from various disciplines, including computing, information science, education and literacy research.

Arctic environmental governance: challenges of sustainable development

The Arctic is one of the key regions in relation to global climate change, experiencing radical transformations in environmental governance as well as challenges in terms of its ecological protection. The region is witnessing a number of irreversible climatic shifts, such as melting permafrost, rising sea levels, contamination of the Global Ocean, and changes in the lives of indigenous people. The Arctic is a global hot spot in climate change where international cooperation (scientific, environmental, diplomatic, etc.) should be a priority to overcome existing ecological challenges. This article provides detailed analysis of these issues from cross-disciplinary perspectives, bringing insights from economics, history, anthropology, international relations, and political science from the perspective of literature on environmental regionalism. The article analyzes a selection of heterogeneous actors, many of whom have contradictory rules, norms, and priorities. Analysis of the Arctic through the lens of regional environmental governance aspires to contribute to understanding of the complexity of existing challenges and their potential solutions. This article offers an analysis of the major findings in this topical collection. It contributes to the development of cross-disciplinary approach to the studies of the Artic and outlines a research agenda.

Turning Points in Cross-Disciplinary Perspective of Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Pancreas Involvements: Hypercalcemia-Induced Pancreatitis, MEN1 Gene-Related Tumors, and Insulin Resistance.

We aimed to provide an in-depth analysis with respect to three turning points in pancreas involvement in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP): hypercalcemia-induced pancreatitis (HCa-P), MEN1 (multiple endocrine neoplasia)-related neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), and insulin resistance (IR). This was a comprehensive review conducted via a PubMed search between January 2020 and January 2024. HCa-P (n = 9 studies, N = 1375) involved as a starting point parathyroid NETs (n = 7) or pancreatitis (n = 2, N = 167). Case report-focused analysis (N = 27) showed five cases of pregnancy PHP-HCa-P and three reports of parathyroid carcinoma (female/male ratio of 2/1, ages of 34 in women, men of 56). MEN1-NET studies (n = 7) included MEN1-related insulinomas (n = 2) or MEN1-associated PHP (n = 2) or analyses of genetic profile (n = 3), for a total of 877 MEN1 subjects. In MEN1 insulinomas (N = 77), the rate of associated PHP was 78%. Recurrence after parathyroidectomy (N = 585 with PHP) was higher after less-than-subtotal versus subtotal parathyroidectomy (68% versus 45%, p < 0.001); re-do surgery was 26% depending on surgery for pancreatic NETs (found in 82% of PHP patients). MEN1 pathogenic variants in exon 10 represented an independent risk factor for PHP recurrence. A single pediatric study in MEN1 (N = 80) revealed the following: a PHP rate of 80% and pancreatic NET rate of 35% and 35 underlying germline MEN1 pathogenic variants (and 3/35 of them were newly detected). The co-occurrence of genetic anomalies included the following: CDC73 gene variant, glucokinase regulatory protein gene pathogenic variant (c.151C>T, p.Arg51*), and CAH-X syndrome. IR/metabolic feature-focused analysis identified (n = 10, N = 1010) a heterogeneous spectrum: approximately one-third of adults might have had prediabetes, almost half displayed some level of IR as reflected by HOMA-IR > 2.6, and serum calcium was positively correlated with HOMA-IR. Vitamin D deficiency was associated with a higher rate of metabolic syndrome (n = 1). Normocalcemic and mildly symptomatic hyperparathyroidism (n = 6, N = 193) was associated with a higher fasting glucose and some improvement after parathyroidectomy. This multilayer pancreas/parathyroid analysis highlighted a complex panel of connections from pathogenic factors, including biochemical, molecular, genetic, and metabolic factors, to a clinical multidisciplinary panel.

Analysing the Impact of Generative AI in Arts Education: A Cross-Disciplinary Perspective of Educators and Students in Higher Education

Generative AI refers specifically to a class of Artificial Intelligence models that use existing data to create new content that reflects the underlying patterns of real-world data. This contribution presents a study that aims to show what the current perception of arts educators and students of arts education is with regard to generative Artificial Intelligence. It is a qualitative research study using focus groups as a data collection technique in order to obtain an overview of the participating subjects. The research design consists of two phases: (1) generation of illustrations from prompts by students, professionals and a generative AI tool; and (2) focus groups with students (N = 5) and educators (N = 5) of artistic education. In general, the perception of educators and students coincides in the usefulness of generative AI as a tool to support the generation of illustrations. However, they agree that the human factor cannot be replaced by generative AI. The results obtained allow us to conclude that generative AI can be used as a motivating educational strategy for arts education.

Short and sweet: multiple mini case studies as a form of rigorous case study research

Case study research is one of the most widely used research methods in Information Systems (IS). In recent years, an increasing number of publications have used case studies with few sources of evidence, such as single interviews per case. While there is much methodological guidance on rigorously conducting multiple case studies, it remains unclear how researchers can achieve an acceptable level of rigour for this emerging type of multiple case study with few sources of evidence, i.e., multiple mini case studies. In this context, we synthesise methodological guidance for multiple case study research from a cross-disciplinary perspective to develop an analytical framework. Furthermore, we calibrate this analytical framework to multiple mini case studies by reviewing previous IS publications that use multiple mini case studies to provide guidelines to conduct multiple mini case studies rigorously. We also offer a conceptual definition of multiple mini case studies, distinguish them from other research approaches, and position multiple mini case studies as a pragmatic and rigorous approach to research emerging and innovative phenomena in IS.

Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives on Teaching Quality: A Systematic Review

This comprehensive systematic review examines the evolution of teaching quality research globally from 1990 to 2019. Analyzing 182 studies, the review identifies key trends, highlighting a significant rise in academic interest since 2012. Notably, the study underscores the cross-disciplinary nature of teaching quality, emphasizing its departure from isolation. The geographical landscape of research reveals an expanding focus, particularly in Asian countries. The review further explores thematic concentrations, research designs, and authorship patterns, revealing insights into collaboration trends. Journal analysis showcases a diverse academic interest in teaching quality across various disciplines. The conclusion urges researchers to diversify perspectives for continued field development.

Exploring disciplinary authors’ conflict negotiation in published research article discussions

Research article (RA) discussions require authors to underline new research findings through negotiating conflict, known as academic conflict (AC), with a specific strand of literature. However, AC has been either inadequately represented in particular disciplines, or left unnoticed across disciplines in academic writing research. This study follows a cross-disciplinary perspective to examine and compare AC negotiation in published medical and applied linguistics RA discussions based on Hunston’s framework. A specialised corpus consisting of 60 RAs, 30 from each discipline, from prestigious journals was screened for AC frequency and recurrent features through manual rhetorical analysis. The findings revealed little variation in overall AC realisation across the two disciplines. In terms of AC components, medical RAs included frequent proposed claims and recurrent conflict resolution features, indicating authors’ tendency to overuse self-interpretations in arguing against previous claims. By contrast, applied linguistics authors relied more on opposed claim components to discuss new findings and resolve research tensions. These findings help enrich our understanding of AC realisations across discipline RAs, which in turn might offer helpful insights into more proportionate academic writing practice and pedagogy.

The beginning of despair: aggressive Retsuko and the Sanrioization of women’s ‘transgressive rage’

In 2016, Sanrio debuted a series of shorts featuring Retsuko, a cute lesser panda with a penchant for bursts of death-metal infused violent rage. The shorts, eventually transformed into a full show on Netflix, were a comedic look at Retsuko’s anger at unfair treatment in the Japanese workplace, casting a critical eye on issues of sexism, harassment, and overwork. But while Retsuko has been explicitly positioned as counter cultural, what does it mean to be transgressive and Sanrio? This paper analyzes this question from a cross-disciplinary perspective, drawing on critical feminist studies, rage studies, media studies, and sociolinguistics. Approaching the framing, content, and speech of Retsuko throughout her media appearances, we argue that while Retsuko is certainly critical of contemporary Japan, her transgression is ultimately limited, with any potential paths to freedom or rebellion hampered by a corporate system that reabsorbs transgressive behavior and sells it back to customers, closing off the potential to imagine new ways of being.

Liquefaction ground deformations and cascading coastal flood hazard in the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake sequence

The 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake sequence produced extensive liquefaction-induced ground deformations and ongoing flooding along the shoreline of the Mediterranean port city of İskenderun, Türkiye. This study compiles field observations and analyses from cross-disciplinary perspectives to investigate whether earthquake-induced liquefaction was a significant factor for increasing the flood hazard in İskenderun. Geotechnical reconnaissance observations following the earthquakes included seaward lateral spreading, settlement beneath buildings, and failures of coastal infrastructure. Three presented lateral spreading case histories indicate consistent ground deformation patterns with areas of reclaimed land. Persistent scatterer interferometry (PSI) measurements from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery identify a noticeably greater rate of pre- and post-earthquake subsidence within the İskenderun coastal and urban areas relative to the surrounding regions. The PSI measurements also indicate subsidence rates accelerated following the earthquakes and were typically highest near the observed liquefaction manifestations. These evaluations suggest that while the liquefaction of coastal reclaimed fill caused significant ground deformations in the shoreline area, ongoing subsidence of İskenderun and other factors likely also exacerbated the flood hazard. Insights from this work suggest the importance of evaluating multi-hazard liquefaction and flood consequences for enhancing the resilience of coastal cities.

Brand Image: Theoretical Development and Practical Applications

This research presents an in-depth analysis of research on brand image using a bibliometric approach. This research was conducted by detailing the findings from 364 documents published between 2018 and 2024 in the business sector. The analysis uses descriptive analysis of data from Scopus and VosViewer. The research results show that there is a collaboration between authors, which reflects a cross-disciplinary perspective.. Subject analysis shows a primary focus on Business Management (56.1%), while the inclusion of Social Sciences (11.7%), Decision Sciences (6,296%), and Economics (IL196%) reinforce the cross-disciplinary nature of the research. Trends over time show increasing interest in brand image, reflecting ongoing research into the theme of brand image.

Preface

Introduction:The International Conference on Smart Energy (ICSE 2023) has been held on July 17th and 18th in Ancient Town of Fenghuang, China. The conference has been developed to provide networking and collaborating opportunities for practitioners in the fields of smart energy, low-carbon community, renewable energy and storage, as well as associated artificial intelligence (AI) applications. It is expected to engage the international participation of academics, researchers, and professional practitioners to share knowledge and experience from the frontiers of research and practices. The sharing of ideas would bridge the gaps and enrich the understanding at a systemic cross-disciplinary perspective. Tributes to colleagues:Dear experts and scholars in relevant fields:Welcome to attend the 2023 International Conference on Smart Energy (ICSE 2023), which is held in Ancient Town of Fenghuang, China. The conference would be sponsored by Australian Society of Energy and Building Sufficiency and Xijing University. The conference has been developed to provide networking and collaborating opportunities for practitioners in the fields of smart energy, low-carbon community, renewable energy and storage, as well as associated artificial intelligence (AI) applications. It is expected to engage the international participation of academics, researchers, and professional practitioners to share knowledge and experience from the frontiers of research and practices. The sharing of ideas would bridge the gaps and enrich the understanding at a systemic cross-disciplinary perspective. Sponsors:1. Australian Society of Energy and Building Sufficiency2. Xijing UniversityList of Committee, Conference Venue, The Model are available in this pdf.