Critical Discourse Theory Research Articles

Benidorm’s linguistic landscape: unveiling the multifaceted tapestry of urban expression

ABSTRACT The study of linguistic landscapes offers a captivating and nuanced avenue for understanding the intricate interplay among language, culture, and urban environments. The influence of mass tourism in Benidorm, a vibrant city within the Valencian region, has left an indelible mark on its linguistic landscape, offering a testament to the transformations brought about by the tourism industry. In addition, the coexistence of autochthonous minority languages within this city presents a complex and often precarious situation, where the tensions between cultural preservation and economic prosperity come to the fore. Through our own field methodology, and under the theoretical framework of the Critical Discourse Theory, we will analyse in depth the different aspects of the linguistic landscape of Benidorm, showing the challenges that the city faces to maintain coexistence between all the different languages that populate its streets and that make up a unique linguistic landscape.

Relevance of Vernacular in the Contemporary World: Use of Vernacular Languages in the Presidential Debates in Indonesia

Language is the main instrument in the political communications in elections around the world. It has become equally important in the last Indonesian presidential candidate debate. The linguistic aspects of the construction of debates that discuss various themes regarding existential problems in the Indonesian republic has far-reaching consequences. In them, the numerous ethnic groups in Indonesia must be accommodated as much as possible in order to guarantee a sense of national unity. In the contemporary Indonesian political discourse, the sense of national unity is torn apart as a result of Papua being still turbulent with some people trying to separate themselves. In this context, the employment of regional languages in the presidential debate contributes to manifest the politics of language into a reflection of the presidential candidates' ability in recognizing the languages of all the vernacular ethnic groups. This research examines the use of vernacular languages in the presidential debates in Indonesia. The research employs descriptive qualitative research methods. Data source is the recorded text of the 2024 presidential candidate debates obtained from the TV broadcasts. Data collection involved ‘listening’ and note-taking as the techniques. The data analysis technique employed Norman Fairclough's critical discourse theory. The analysis examined the text as a construction of social identity, social relations, and meaning. The results show that in this debate, there has been a strong emphasis on the recognition of social identity of the people of Indonesia. The three regional languages used by the presidential candidate Anies Baswedan in the debate reflect these identities of different ethnic groups: Java, Sunda and Maluku. what Anies highlighted was his efforts to bring about interactions among the ethnic groups. He argued that they must interact with each other to produce Indonesia as a unified nation. Anies has employed the languages to articulate philosophical meanings related to the struggle, nobility, consistency, honesty, wisdom and femininity

CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS: DONALD TRUMP SPEECH BROUGHT THE U.S. TO PANDEMIC PREVENTION FAILURE

This research focuses on Donald trump’s speech on preventing COVID-19 at White House Conference on May 18, 2020. His speech was about the suggestion on taking hydroxychloroquine which known as an anti-malaria. The method used in this research is mix method, as the data displayed using description and numbers and the analysis data of this research uses critical discourse theory by Fairclough, and meta function within systematic functional linguistic proposed as the tool to scrutinized the object of the research through transitivity analysis, modality analysis, and textual analysis. As for the result of the research shown that (1)the most process used by trump is material process; (2)mental process, in which becomes the reason of the audience has unconsciously followed the irresponsible suggestion by Trump; (3)modality analysis shows that Trump rarely used modal verb; (4) textual analysis shows that Donald Trump’s speech has been delivered coherently and transitivity analysis found two the new process forms, both processes are existential process + relational process and relational process + existential process.

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The relative non-choice – a critical discourse analysis of freedom of choice in elderly care in Sweden The aim of this study is to reveal how non-choice is represented in a context advocating freedom of choice. This is developed by investigating how the non-choice of a provider in elderly care is represented in national policy documents. The concept “non-choice” refers to the absence or limitation of a choice of provider. The empirical data consist of ten documents on freedom of choice written during the 21st century, a particularly expansive period for freedom of choice in Sweden. Fairclough’s critical discourse theory is used as the primary theoretical framework, and methodological inspiration from Bacchi’s approach to policy analysis is also applied. Prominent features in the findings are that there is a tendency to represent non-choice: 1) as a choice caused by incapacity, 2) as an active choice, 3) as an uninformed choice, and 4) as a predetermined choice. The result also shows that the meaning of non-choice is unclear regarding when family members and care managers have a decisive influence on the outcome of the choice and when a predetermined non-choice is activated as an obvious measure. In the social debate, much attention has been devoted to whether to introduce customer choice in elderly care at municipal level. We are now in a situation when more attention must be devoted to non-choice in the social debate, including its meaning and application.

Painted in Broad Strokes: English-Language News Media Coverage of Home Care in Relation to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Canada

As eldercare was at the forefront of mainstream news media during the COVID-19 pandemic, these media accounts may draw on and/or further reshape public understandings of home care in Canada. A frame analysis informed by critical discourse theory was used to examine 56 English-language articles related to home care (March 2020–March 2021). Home care is often “tacked on” to discussions of long-term residential care and is constructed by what it is not, by what it is a preferred alternative to, and by what it might circumvent (i.e., neglect, contagion). Infused with taken-for-granted meanings and linked to population aging and system crisis, home care is positioned as the progressive future of Canadian eldercare. Although home care investment is a common call, at times the gravity of the problem is imbalanced against small-scale individualistic solutions. Inequities of home spaces and impacts on families are obscured, with homes characterized as idealized places of dignity and (relative) safety. Older adults are positioned as vulnerable, passive victims, in contrast to their benevolent helpers. The authors discuss how we can clarify and strengthen political advocacy and public discourse around eldercare without reinforcing compassionate ageism, apocalyptic demography, and fear of aging while recognizing the nuances around receiving care in either home or residential settings.

Critical discourse study of youth texts in Sasak Language

The conversation is often used as a medium to transfer the ideology of the speakers. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to: describe the representation of the role of Sasak men or women in vocabulary choices, in carrying out interactional control, in syntactic structures, and the use of metaphors in Sasak conversation. The theory used is the critical discourse theory model of Norman Fairclough and is complemented by Teun A. Van Dijk's theory. The collection was carried out using the listening and speaking method (interviews) as well as basic techniques and their derivatives, observation methods, and documentation methods. Sources of data were obtained from young Sasak youths and women who were communicating. The collected data were analyzed using a qualitative descriptive method which aims to make a systematic description, categorization, and patterning. Data is presented formally and informally. In the end, this research resulted in the reality of the motives or ideology of the communicator's attitude that sided with the role of Sasak men or women in a gender perspective, which often led to physical-psychological intersections, such as; sexual harassment, domestic violence, and even in the culture of divorce and marriage.

DUALISME IDEOLOGI DALAM IDENTITAS SPIRITUAL KOMUNITAS BHUJANGGA DI BALI

This paper presents a critical study of ideological aspects of identity in the spirituality of society as reflected through phenomena in the realm of the Bhujangga community in Bali. In this case, the spiritual identity of the community identifies a dualism related to the legitimacy of the Vaishnava ideology through the formal institutional authority of kinship, which tends to be contradictory to the inheritance of a number of Siwaistic markers such as being verified and affiliated with the Bhujangga ideology. In line with this phenomenon, this study focuses on a discussion of constructivity and correlativity related to ideological dualism in the spiritual identity of the Bhujangga community. This study was conducted through descriptive and interpretive methods based on a number of concepts from the semiotic theory of cultural interpretation by Geertz and critical discourse theory by Foucault. The results of this study indicate that the constructivity of ideological dualism in the spiritual identity of the Bhujangga community is related to (1) cognitive identity and (2) collective identity. Meanwhile, the correlativity of ideological dualism in the spiritual identity of the Bhujangga community is related to (1) the domination of the Vaishnava ideology and (2) the degradation of the Bhujangga ideology.Keyword: Vaishnava ideology, Bhujangga ideology, Bhujangga community

THE STRUGGLE OF IDEOLOGY IN THE SPIRITUALITY OF BALINESE SOCIETY IN THE MIDDLE AGE: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS

This paper is a description of the ideological struggle in the spirituality of Balinese society in the middle Bali Period which was articulated through discourse as a discursive. The choice of such a topic departs from a perception of the typology of Balinese society which is assumed to have spiritual stability, but instead experiences ideological struggles in this realm as indicated by the phenomenon of the middle Bali period. The phenomenon of spirituality is elaborated as a problem which includes the form and the implications of ideological struggles in the spirituality of the Balinese people of the Middle Bali Period. The explanation of the variables in this paper uses critical discourse theory which refers to Foucault's view. The results of the study reveal that the forms of the spirituality of Balinese society in the middle Bali Period include strengtheningteachings of Shiva and strengthening the Shiva-Buddhist concept. Meanwhile, the implications of the struggle include appreciation of the authority of Shiva Sidhanta's teachings and degradation of cognition of "Shiva Bhujangga" teachings.
 Keywords: the struggle of ideology, spirituality, Balinese society, and the Middle Bali Period

Engendering a monoculture of the mind: implications for mental health policy development in Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT The contextualization of mental health in a medical context in the age of neoliberalism within a Northern disciplinary context has been generalized to the global South through health management. Though many cultural and social idiosyncrasies shape the understanding of mental health in Saudi Arabia, it has been well documented that, by far, the most decisive influence is religion. Muslim beliefs predominantly structure every aspect of life, including ways of dealing with pathology and stress. Critical discourse theory and post-colonial hybridity theory can help integrate local discourses to alter the “discursive fabric” of mental health and subsequent policy initiatives.

Reconceptualizing Education Grounded in the Multimodal Discourses of Girls of Color Labeled with Significant Cognitive Disabilities

The experiences of girls of color labeled with significant cognitive disabilities in middle school and high school have historically been excluded from educational research. This study sought to better understand how girls of color labeled with significant cognitive disabilities navigated multimodal discourses and classroom practices as well as how they were impacted by them. Using Disability Critical Race Theory and critical discourse theory, six students were focal participants and eight educators were secondary participants. Multiple case studies were used with primary (i.e., observations, audio/video recordings) and secondary (i.e., interviews, focus groups) data sources. Findings revealed how focal participants showed their discursive resourcefulness, despite absent communication supports and prioritization of oral/aural communication. Students also repositioned themselves in response to marginalization through talk and actions. Implications for research and practice are discussed. This study underscores the necessity of centering the experiences of girls of color labeled with significant cognitive disabilities in educational research to improve their school experiences.

Analisis Wacana Kritis Model Teun A. van Dijk pada Surat Kabar E-Paper Harian Analisa dengan Tajuk “Citayam Fashion Week Kaum Muda Pinggiran, Duta Local Pride”

This study aims to describe the editorial of “Citayam Fashion Week Young People, Local Pride Ambassadors as seen from the critical discourse theory of Teun A.Van Dijk in newspapers. The method used is descriptive method. The results obtained in this study are that there are 3 macro structures, namely 1 delection, 1 selection, 1 integration or construction. The title also has 2 superstructures consisting of titles, leads and story schemes consisting of situations and comments. The results of this study also have a micro structure (semantics) which consists of the background. details, intentions, and presuppositions. Microstructure II (syntax) consists of active and passive sentences, the use of distinguishing and contrasting coherence, and third person plural pronouns. Microstructure III (stylistic) consists of foreign language vocabulary that is currently widely used, microstructure IV (rhetorical) in this heading consists of graphics, metaphors, and expressions. This research is expected to be a reference for future researchers.

RESISTANCE, HUMANISM, AND ISLAMIC VALUE IN RATNA INDRASWARI IBRAHIM’S LEMAH TANJUNG

Islam as a discourse of resistance is not a contemporary issue. Islam occurred to encounter injustice and oppression. Ratna Indraswari Ibrahim, an author with disabilities, cannot be detached from the strength of her era. She wrote a novel Lemah Tanjung as a form of resistance to her era. As an author, she experienced essential events in her life. This research concerned on two things: the Islamic value in the resistance in Lemah Tanjung and the value of Islam's veiled resistance. This study implemented Faiclough's critical discourse theory which incorporated three basic components in analyzing text.The method administered was a qualitative. The data were collected from the novel Lemah Tanjung. The results of the study revealed that there was a hidden meaning in the content of Islamic resistance encompassing issues for the general public. The series of criticalities contains a hidden meaning that requires to be unveiled. That people desire enlightenment, liberation and previous issues which are necessary to be discussed openly. In this study, polite resistance possesses a significant contribution in society.

Review of Johnson (2021): Linguistic Landscaping and the Pacific Region: Colonization, indigenous identities, and critical discourse theory

Review of Johnson (2021): Linguistic Landscaping and the Pacific Region: Colonization, indigenous identities, and critical discourse theory

Book Review: Linguistic Landscaping and the Pacific Region: Colonization, Indigenous Identities, and Critical Discourse Theory

Book Review: Linguistic Landscaping and the Pacific Region: Colonization, Indigenous Identities, and Critical Discourse Theory

“Que nadie te arrebate esta partida”: An Analysis of a Historic Mexican Women’s Manifestation Journalist’ Article

Femicide events in Mexico has become a crisis along the country. The journalist’ article Que nadie te arrebate esta partida (2020) wrote it by the journalist Gabriela Warkentin sheds light through to the relation between femicide and three recent female stories. The present paper is based on critical discourse theory and Halliday’s (1978) Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) to scrutinize the journalist’ article. Besides, the present examination considers the importance of draw attention to the increasing prevalence of femicides as a national concern.

“Whatever you hide, also hides you”: A discourse analysis on mental health and service use in an American community of Somalis

After decades of refugee displacement, Somalis are at increased risk for poor mental health. However, uptake of treatment referrals in primary care is low among Somalis compared to other refugee groups. The objective of this analysis was to understand specific resistances to US mental health care contributing to this gap in coverage. One hundred and sixty-eight Somali men and women over the age of 14, participated in 28 focus group from October 2017 to November 2018 discussing wellbeing and healthcare in the US. Transcripts were analyzed based on critical discourse theory, informed by the theoretical work of Michel Foucault. This study identified two primary discourses, one biomedical and the other driven by Somali community mental health knowledge and social practice. Mental health as an object of Muslim faith, nosological fusion of psychiatric illness terms, and stigmatization and internal social control to limit disclosure were discussed. US mental health services were described as giving off a bad vibe, and represented external institutions of power, exacerbated by perceived discrimination. Somali youth occupied social bridging positions between cultural vs. US knowledge and practice. Three negotiating discourses emerged wherein participants created discursive solutions to these sites of resistance, including 1) how the social acceptability of seeking psychological care might be increased while maintaining Somali emotional resilience, 2) stressing the need to seek medical care as a practical supplement to spiritual care, and 3) highlighting the need for Somali youth to enter health fields. Findings suggest that intervention strategies not only ensure that services are culturally appropriate and sensitive to religion, but also consider that services are potentially seen as both an extension of US institutional power and an affront to Somali identity making. Overcoming these challenges may involve nurturing the negotiating discourses taken up by communities.

MASKULINITAS DALAM MEDIA ONLINE: ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS DALAM KAJIAN CERAMAH USTADZ SALAF

Media is an intermediary that is widely used in conveying information, such as print media, visual media (television), and online visual media. The information contained a lot about ideology, hegemony, power, and even marginalization. The media is also very influential in affirming the concept of gender in society, one of which is YouTube's online media which is considered the most effective in disseminating information. Various kinds of accounts publish videos with various concepts, some contain games, some have vlogs, and some contain lectures. In this paper, the researcher will discuss the contents of the lecture delivered by Ustadz Khalid on gender issues, such as differences between men and women and the characteristics of a man towards women. Three shows were taken as samples and analyzed using Norman Fairclough's critical discourse theory which offers three-dimensional concepts in it; textual, discourse, and social. The results obtained were from the three videos, Ustadz Khalid tried to instill ideology in the community. This is in line with the patriarchal family system adopted by the majority of people in Indonesia.

Discourse, concepts, ideologies

AbstractTwo branches of discourse studies, critical discourse analysis (CDA) and discourse theory (DT), could benefit through extending their critical focus and incorporating findings and methodologies of neighbouring disciplines. While indebted to the attentiveness of CDA to ordinary language, ideology studies have by contrast developed interpretative, non-judgmental analytical frameworks that explore the many-faceted features of ideology, power, and the political. In turn, the macro-focus of DT on binary distinctions, articulatory equivalences, and the construction of hegemony through empty signifiers, overlooks the complex internal conceptual morphology that produces multiple ideological vocabularies. Through a layered filtering of texts, utterances, and linguistic intensities, ideological micro-morphology reveals processes of semantic decontestation in order to defend, alter or criticize political thought-practices. It illuminates the complex interrelationship between word and concept and accepts fantasies as ineluctable and decodable features of communal life. By reaching out beyond their disciplinary confines, the interplay of these parallel approaches could enrich the scholarly understanding of the political.

“El Infierno”: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Narco Culture in a Mexican Film

The portrayal of narco culture in media has increased in recent years as a result of the War of Drugs in Latin America. This paper, based on critical discourse theory and Halliday’s (1978) Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), sheds light on the social and cultural impact of discourse found in a scene of the Mexican film “El Infierno” directed by Luis Estrada in 2010. Through the ideational and interpersonal processes, the dialogues of two speakers are analyzed. Additionally, the social impact of the discourse portrayed in the scene is discussed through Fairclough’s (1992) social theory of discourse. Findings suggest that social reality is reflected in the film through discourse as a means to develop critical thinking and reflection in the audience.

One Hundred Years of Migration Discourse in The Times: A Discourse-Historical Word Vector Space Approach to the Construction of Meaning.

This study proposes an experimental method to trace the historical evolution of media discourse as a means to investigate the construction of collective meaning. Based on distributional semantics theory (Harris, 1954; Firth, 1957) and critical discourse theory (Wodak and Fairclough, 1997), it explores the value of merging two techniques widely employed to investigate language and meaning in two separate fields: neural word embeddings (computational linguistics) and the discourse-historical approach (DHA; Reisigl and Wodak, 2001) (applied linguistics). As a use case, we investigate the historical changes in the semantic space of public discourse of migration in the United Kingdom, and we use the Times Digital Archive (TDA) from 1900 to 2000 as dataset. For the computational part, we use the publicly available TDA word2vec models1 (Kenter et al., 2015; Martinez-Ortiz et al., 2016); these models have been trained according to sliding time windows with the specific intention to map conceptual change. We then use DHA to triangulate the results generated by the word vector models with social and historical data to identify plausible explanations for the changes in the public debate. By bringing the focus of the analysis to the level of discourse, with this method, we aim to go beyond mapping different senses expressed by single words and to add the currently missing sociohistorical and sociolinguistic depth to the computational results. The study rests on the foundation that social changes will be reflected in changes in public discourse (Couldry, 2008). Although correlation does not prove direct causation, we argue that historical events, language, and meaning should be considered as a mutually reinforcing cycle in which the language used to describe events shapes explicit meanings, which in turn trigger other events, which again will be reflected in the public discourse.