Deviation Criterion Research Articles

Thermal optimization of ivermectin in supercritical carbon dioxide and ethanol to produce nano medicine

The solubility of ivermectin in high pressure carbon dioxide (CO2) at 338, 328, 318, and 308 K temperatures was investigated with and without an ethanol. Several methods were employed to model the data obtained from the experiments. ivermectin exhibited solubility values ranging from 0.130 × 10−5 to 1.760 × 10−4 in the binary system and 1.880 × 10−5 to 1.237 × 10−4 in the ternary system. The outcome indicated that the addition of ethanol significantly increased the mole fraction of ivermectin in CO2. The highest impact of ivermectin solubility was found in the ivermectin -Ethanol- CO2 system at 338 K and 12 MPa, which was about 14.35 times greater than binary system under the same conditions. The models proposed by Jouyban et al. and Sodeifian-Sajadian models showed the best correlation with average absolute relative deviation (AARD%) and Akaike information criterion (AICc) for binary and ternary approaches, respectively. The results confirmed that rapid expansion supercritical solution (RESS) and gas antisolvent (GAS) method can be apply for producing nanoparticles at the suitable ranges of the drug solubility.

Rolling bearing fault detection method based on teager energy operator

Abstract This study presents a method for detecting subtle faults in rolling bearings by integrating singular value decomposition (SVD) and local modal decomposition (LMD). Initially, the original vibration signals undergo reconstruction in phase space and subsequent denoising using SVD. Following this, LMD is employed to generate multiple local modal functions (IMFs), with the most sensitive IMF components selected based on kurtosis-mean square deviation criteria. The Teager energy operator (TEO) is then computed for these selected IMFs. Ultimately, Fourier transform analysis of TEO is utilized to identify faults in the inner and outer races of rolling bearings. Test results conducted on publicly available data from Case Western Reserve University validate the accurate identification of inner and outer race faults using this approach.

Molecular Docking of Nigella Sativa L. with PXR Receptors and the Effect of Thymoquinone on PXR Expression in HepG2 Cells

ABSTRACT. The interaction between herbal remedies and drugs is a fascinating phenomenon that might cause therapeutic complications in patients. Warfarin is an anticoagulant drug that provides anti-blood-clotting effects by inhibiting the formation of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors, and warfarin interacts with the nuclear receptor PXR, subsequently modulating cytochrome P450 during the metabolism process. St. John's wort, an herbal medicine with antidepressant effects, can alter the pharmacokinetics of warfarin. Thymoquinone is one of the active compounds in N. sativa and has pharmacological activities such as anticoagulant, antidiabetic, diuretic, antidepressant, and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we investigated the compounds in Nigella sativa (N. sativa) against pregnane X receptor (PXR) and evaluated the impact of thymoquinone (TQ) administration on PXR expression in HepG2 cells. The molecular docking analysis was conducted utilizing the Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) with the PXR (PDB ID: 7AXJ). At the same time, the PXR gene expression was measured using RT-PCR instruments. The RMSD value in docking represents the deviation criteria between the native ligand position and the redocking position result, indicating the capability of MOE and PDB qualification for performing molecular docking. The docking analysis showed that warfarin had the strongest binding energy (7AXJ -6.0507) by forming hydrogen binding type on Arg410. Despite TQ being the major component, it also displayed a high affinity for the two PDB IDs (7AXJ -4.5962). Furthermore, the concurrent administration of warfarin and TQ (19.27 μM) in HepG2 cells showed a significant reduction in the relative mRNA expression of the PXR gene. Given the above-mentioned findings, our study adequately enables us to predict the mechanism behind herb-drug interactions (HDIs) implicating N. sativa, specifically the TQ compound to warfarin metabolism via the activation of the PXR receptor. Keywords: Thymoquinone, expression mRNA, PXR, molecular docking, HepG2 cells.

Multi-response optimization in laser processing technologies by applying desirability function approach and response surface methodology based on grey relation analysis

Laser processing technologies are among the leading industry technologies for efficient and economical processing of a wide spectrum of engineering materials. The determination of optimal parameter settings with respect to multiple and opposite process performances is of great practical importance in laser processing technologies. This paper discusses, analyzes, and compares two main approaches for multi-response optimization (MRO) in engineering, that is, desirability function approach (DFA) and grey relation analysis (GRA), while solving five case studies, covering different laser processing technologies, such as cutting, drilling, welding, micro-channeling, and cladding. In each case study the MRO solutions obtained with two competitive approaches were assessed using the relative target deviation (RTD) criterion. Analysis of the obtained MRO solutions and comparative analysis with results from previous studies indicate that the integrated RSM-GRA provide similar and comparable solutions with the hybrid Taguchi method and GRA, while DFA proved to be a better and more promising approach for solving MRO in laser processing technologies. Some specific features, limitations, and possibilities of MRO approaches were also discussed.

A novel micro-combustor with dual-inlets hedging and center opening for enhancing comprehensive performance of micro thermophotovoltaic system

Micro-combustor outer wall temperature uniformity is a critical bottleneck in the widespread application of micro thermophotovoltaic system. In this study, we proposed a novel micro-combustor with dual-inlets hedging and center opening structure to improve the wall temperature distribution and achieve a stable and high-energy of micro thermophotovoltaic system output, and we applied the overall performance evaluation criteria to evaluate the performance of micro thermophotovoltaic system comprehensively. Initially, we conducted a comparative analysis among the traditional micro-combustor, the single rectangular center opening, and the double rectangular center opening micro-combustor. The findings indicate that the double rectangular center opening micro-combustor exhibits superior comprehensive thermal performance, showcasing a mean outer wall temperature and temperature standard deviation of 1362.05 K and 32.77 K, bringing better temperature uniformity. Then, the center opening distance of the double rectangular center opening micro-combustor was optimized from 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm, the results reveal that the double rectangular center opening micro-combustor with a distance of 2.5 mm possesses the best comprehensive performance, specifically, temperature standard deviation and overall performance evaluation criteria values of 23.17 K and 4.882. Ultimately, the effect of inlet velocity on the thermal performance was investigated, revealing that an increase in inlet velocity stimulates the output energy, but concurrently diminishing the energy conversion efficiency, leading to a reduction in overall thermal performance. This study introduces a novel concept for designing micro-combustor structures for promoting overall performance of micro thermophotovoltaic systems.

Аналіз виступів кваліфікованих борців греко-римського стилю на чемпіонаті України 2023 року

Purpose: to analyze the performances of the wrestlers at the 2023 championship of Ukraine in Greco-Roman wrestling among juniors (U20). Material and methods. The fights of the 2023 Championship of Ukraine among juniors (U20) in Greco-Roman wrestling were analyzed. All quarter-final, semi-final and final fights in all weight categories were selected for analysis. The analysis was implemented due to the processing of competition protocols. Consider the following indicators of competitive activity: the number of scored points per fight/per minute; duration of the fight. Mean values, standard deviation and Student's value criterion were calculated using the methods of mathematical statistics. Results: for all wrestlers – 4,3±1,9 points, for wrestlers who won – 7,2±2,7 points, and for wrestlers who lost – 1,4±0,8 points. According to the data, the average number of points per minute is: for all wrestlers – 1,2±0,7 points, for wrestlers who won – 1,9±1,0 points, and for wrestlers who lost – 0,4±0,1 points. in addition, almost two-thirds of the fights (65,6 %) ended prematurely, which indicates the high competitiveness and determination of the fighters to achieve victory. The analysis showed that in almost half of all matches (46,7 %) one of the wrestlers did not score a single point, which confirms the dominance of some wrestlers over others and highlights the importance of technical and tactical training. For quarter-final and semi-final matches, the average number of points for all wrestlers is 4,3±2,0 points; for wrestlers who won – 7,4±2,7 points; and for wrestlers who lost – 1,2 ±0,8 points. In the final matches, these indicators change: for all wrestlers – 4,4±2, points; for winners – 7,0±2,4 points; and for those who lost – 1,8±1,1 points. The average duration of the fights in general was 3 minutes 45 seconds, the last finalists competed for an average of 4 minutes 15 seconds, which is 30 seconds more than the other athletes. Conclusions. Patterns were revealed in the indicators of points scored by wrestlers per fight and per minute, depending on the result of the victory and the stage of the competition. The significant difference between the indicators of the winners and the losers is a clear indicator that the ability to effectively use the technical-tactical arsenal in the conditions of competitive wrestling is critical to achieving success in sports wrestling.

Line Selection of Single-Phase Fault Grounding System Based on the Deviation Criterion of Composite Zero-Sequence Admittance

Abstract The current methods for line selection of small current fault grounding system faults within distribution networks have some limitations. This paper proposes a method based on the deviation criterion of composite zero-sequence admittance for line selection of single-phase fault grounding systems with small currents. First, the derivation formula of zero-sequence admittance for small current grounding systems considering asymmetrical transmission lines is presented. Then, a method based on the deviation criterion of composite zero-sequence admittance is proposed for accurate fault line selection. Finally, a fault model is built by using simulation software and simulation experiments are conducted to verify that this method can rightly select the fault line by significant feature values.

A tree-based extended model to predict intention to speed for taxi drivers

The need to predict and understand drivers’ intention to violate emphasizes the importance of developing a model based on the motives behind the action. This study aims to develop a model to predict a taxi driveŕs intention to speed in an urban area using variables including psychological factors, demographic information, and exposure. Aggregate (factor-based) and disaggregate (item-based) models of input variables will also be compared. In this study, the self-reported data on Tehran taxi drivers was collected in the form of a scenario-based questionnaire which is inspired by the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). The intention to commit violations was predicted and modelled using stepwise regression and decision tree regression models. The results, based on the stepwise regression model showed a higher value of fitting score for an item-based linear model (R2 = 0.695), but the final model using the tree-based regression presented a better fit for the factored model (R2 = 0.746) considering the cross-validated model with the lowest deviation criteria (RMSD = 0.26). Furthermore, in this model attitude made the greatest contribution to the prediction of intention. The results obtained from the two different modelling approaches showed that exposure and age did not have much effect on the models. A main advantage of the current study is that the variables were compared and refined in two stages of exploratory factor analysis and stepwise regression before being entered into the tree regression model. In addition, the results of the factor-based model were compared with the item-based model.

The Maintain High Blood Glucose subscale of the child hypoglycemia fear survey: proposed preliminary cut points for screening youth with type 1 diabetes.

To improve the clinical utility of the Maintain High Blood Glucose subscale of the Hypoglycemia Fear Surveys (HFS) by identifying clinically meaningful cut points associated with glycemic outcomes. Youth (N = 994; 13.96 ± 2.3 years) with type 1 diabetes and their caregivers (N = 1,111; 72% female) completed the Child or Parent version of the HFS. Modal Score Distribution, Standard Deviation Criterion, and Elevated Item Criterion approaches were used to identify proposed preliminary cut points for the Maintain High Blood Glucose subscale. The association between proposed preliminary cut points was examined with youth glycemic outcomes. A cut point of ≥7 for the Maintain High Blood Glucose subscale on the Child HFS was associated with a greater percentage of blood glucose readings >180 mg/dl (p < .01), higher mean blood glucose (p < .001), and a higher hemoglobin A1c (p < .05). In subsequent multiple regression analyses, controlling for other factors associated with glycemia, the significant association between scores above ≥7 and higher mean blood glucose and higher hemoglobin A1c remained. A clinically useful cut point was not identified for caregivers. However, elevated youth scores on the Maintain High Blood Glucose subscale were positively associated with elevated caregiver scores (phi = .171, p < .001). The proposed preliminary cut point for the Maintain High Blood Glucose subscale will aid the type 1 diabetes care team in identifying youth whose behaviors may be contributing to their suboptimal glycemia.

Mathematical programming for simultaneous feature selection and outlier detection under l1 norm

The goal of simultaneous feature selection and outlier detection is to determine a sparse linear regression vector by fitting a dataset possibly affected by the presence of outliers.The problem is well-known in the literature. In its basic version it covers a wide range of tasks in data analysis. Simultaneously performing feature selection and outlier detection strongly improves the application potential of regression models in more general settings, where data governance is a concern. To trigger this potential, flexible training models are needed, with more parameters under control of decision makers.The use of mathematical programming, although pertinent, is scarce in this context and mostly focusing on the least-squares setting. Instead we consider the least absolute deviation criterion, proposing two mixed-integer linear programs, one adapted from existing studies, and the other obtained from a disjunctive programming argument. We show theoretically and computationally that the disjunctive-based formulation is better in terms of both continuous relaxation quality and integer optimality convergence.We experimentally benchmark against existing methodologies from the literature. We identify the characteristics of contamination patterns, in which mathematical programming is better than state-of-the-art algorithms in combining prediction quality, sparsity and robustness against outliers. Additionally, the mathematical programming approaches allow the decision maker to directly control parameters like the number of features or outliers to tolerate, those based on least absolute deviations performing best. On real world datasets, where privacy is a concern, our approach compares well to state-of-the-art methods in terms of accuracy, being at the same time more flexible.

Addendum on ‘Entropy uniqueness determines temperature’

We discuss how to apply the proposed minimum entropy deviation criterion when there is a measurable property P for which there is a statistical mechanical theory as a function of temperature T. When P m can be measured more accurately than heat flow dQ, then P(T) can be inverted to obtain accurate values for T(P); following this, the minimum rms entropy deviation criterion using T(P) then can be used to refine measurements of dQ. When dQ is more accurately measurable than P, then measurement of dQ and the minimum rms entropy deviation criterion provides a means to obtain T, which can then be used to obtain more accurate values of P(T).

INFLUENCE OF PASSENGER ROUTE TRANSPORT ON TRAFFIC SAFETY ON THE STREET AND ROAD NETWORK

Abstract.The public transport comprises homogeneous vehicle movement. The motion of public transport passing through a road section exhibits signs of stationarity, hence formulating the stated scientific task. The paper proposes to assess the safety level of passenger public transport movement by deviations of the movement characteristics of public transport vehicles from the characteristics of the flow vehicles. The analysis conducted by the authors and the corresponding synthesis of the general conditions of passenger public transport movement in traffic flow on public roads allowed formulating a system of interaction between three elements: traffic flow, passenger transport vehicles, and road conditions. The provided criteria for deviation of the movement characteristics of passenger public transport vehicles from the characteristics of the traffic flow subsequently enable the evaluation of the danger level on the route. The proposed overall characteristic indirectly allows evaluating the safety level of passenger public transport movement on roads according to the provisions of traffic flow theory. To formulate general characteristics regarding the consideration of road safety at sections and nodes of the street-road network through which the route passes in the methodology of calculating urban bus transportation routes.

Comparing criteria for deviation from hearing aid prescriptive targets in children

Objective To determine if a stricter criterion for paediatric hearing aid fitting for proximity of fit-to-target of <3 dB root-mean-square (RMS) error produces better audibility and outcomes compared to the current <5 dB criterion, and to examine the relationship between aided audibility and RMS error by degree of hearing loss. Design We evaluated the influence of unaided hearing level on the relationship between RMS error and aided audibility. We assessed the effect of RMS error category (<3, 3–5, >5 dB) on aided audibility, speech recognition, expressive vocabulary, and morphosyntax. Study sample The study included 2314 hearing aid verification measurements from 307 children with hearing aids. Results Children who met a <3 dB criterion had higher aided audibility than children who met no criterion (>5 dB error). Results showed no differences in speech recognition or vocabulary by error category, but children with <3 dB error demonstrated better morphosyntax than children with 3–5 and >5 dB RMS error. Conclusions Fittings that are close to prescriptive targets provide a more positive outcome for children with hearing aids. Using probe microphone measures to adjust hearing aids to within 3 dB may benefit language abilities in children.

Operationalization, implications and correlates of the cultural deviance criterion for ICD-11 and DSM-5 prolonged grief disorder

Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) is included in ICD-11 and DSM-5-TR and includes a requirement of cultural deviance. This study examined endorsement rates and factors associated with endorsement of this criterion among Danish bereaved spouses (n = 425) and their adult children (n = 159) four years post-loss. In total, 7.5% (n = 44) participants endorsed this criterion. Both including and excluding the criterion, the prevalence rates for probable DSM-5-TR PGD were 1.4% (n = 8) and 1.7% (n = 10), respectively and for probable ICD-11 PGD were 1.4% (n = 8) and 2.2% (n = 13), respectively. Age and gender of the deceased, age of the bereaved, greater grief severity, and comorbid psychopathology were positively associated with endorsement of the criterion. Findings demonstrate low endorsement of the cultural deviation criterion, that its inclusion excludes several potential PGD cases, and unanticipated associations with several factors raise questions about the criterion’s validity.

ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ ВОДОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОГО КОМПЛЕКСА НА ОСНОВЕ СИНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКОЙ ОЦЕНКИ СТОИМОСТИ ГИДРОРЕСУРСА

The purpose of this article is to solve the multicriteria problem of optimizing the operation of hydroelectric power stations based on the selection of the optimal activities of the water-chemical complex (water management complex). The work has developed a universal methodology that combines the optimization method and the theory of marginal utility assessment. The proposed approach is based on the construction and analysis of a matrix of contradictions between participants in the water management complex and the use as the main criterion of the minimum deviation of the actual volume of water consumption (consumption) by participants in the water-chemical complex from its optimal value. The work also analyzes the conflicting interests of the water and chemical complex participants by comparing the requirements for issuing guaranteed power of hydroelectric power plants and ensuring guaranteed navigation depths as the most significant participants in the water-energy complex based on the use of Pareto optimization - the optimal set. Using the example of the Novosibirsk hydroelectric power station and water-chemical complex, it is expected to obtain an assessment of the economic effect from the implementation of the proposed criterion and the developed methodology for optimizing the water-chemical complex. Based on the results of implementing the developed approach at the Novosibirsk HPP, it was possible to find the optimal regime for managing the capacity of the HPP reservoir and achieve an increase in the level of the upper and lower pools.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ДОЛГОВРЕМЕННЫХ ФАЗ ПОВЫШЕННОЙ И ПОНИЖЕННОЙ ВОДНОСТИ ДОНА И ЛЕНЫ В XIX-XXI ВЕКАХ

The results of studying long-term (lasting 10-15 years or more) phases of decreased and increased conditionally natural annual and seasonal runoff of the Don River near the village of Razdorskaya and the Lena River near the village of Kyusyur are considered. The retrieval of long-term water flow time series (excluding the changes that are caused by anthropogenic impacts from the observed water flow) is based on the transformation of the annual hydrograph of average daily water flow using the Kalinin-Milyukov method. The long-term phases of annual and seasonal runoff have been identified on the basis of cumulative deviation curves and criteria for statistical homogeneity of time series by their averages. For the entire period of observations on the Don (1891-2019) and the Lena (1936-2019), two cardinally different types of long-term dynamics for contrasting phases of annual and seasonal runoff that are characteristic of these rivers and common in most of Russia have been revealed. On the Lena, the phases of decreased and increased values of annual and seasonal runoff have changed quasisynchronously, whereas on the Don, the phases of annual runoff and snow melt flood runoff on the one hand and summer-autumn and winter runoff on the other hand have changed asynchronously. The main characteristics of the contrast phases have been determined.

Do normative data specific to Greek Australian older adults improve validity of neuropsychological assessment results?

This study aimed to compare Greek Australian and English language normative data with regard to impairment rates yielded within a healthy Greek Australian older adult sample. We also examined whether optimal cut scores could be identified and capable of sensitively and specifically distinguishing between healthy Greek Australians from those with a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Ninety healthy Greek Australian older adults and 20 demographically matched individuals with a diagnosis of AD completed a range of neuropsychological measures, including the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition, Greek Adaptation (WAIS-IV GR), verbal and visual memory, language and naming, and executive functions. Impairment rates derived from the use of either Greek Australian or English language normative data were calculated and compared, using a 1.5 standard deviation criterion to denote impairment. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis was used to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of alternate cut scores. Impairment rates derived from the Greek Australian normative data showed that rates of impairment generally fell within the expected 7% range. In contrast, impairment rates for all tests derived using English language normative data were significantly higher and ranged from 11%-66%. Comparisons between healthy and AD participants with moderate dementia showed significant differences across all measures. Area under the curve results ranged from .721 to .999 across all measures, with most tests displaying excellent sensitivity and specificity. English language normative data were found to be inappropriate for use with Greek Australian elders, potentially leading to erroneous diagnostic outcomes. The use of minority group specific normative data and associated cut points appear to partially ameliorate this issue. Clinical implications are discussed alongside future research directions.

Application of the Monte-Carlo Method to Assess the Operational Reliability of a Household-Constructed Wetland with Vertical Flow: A Case Study in Poland

The objective of this study was to model the operation of a vertical-flow constructed wetland (VF-CW) for domestic wastewater, using Monte-Carlo simulations and selected probability distributions of various random variables. The analysis was based on collected wastewater quality data, including the values of the pollutant indicators BOD5 (biochemical oxygen demand), CODCr (chemical oxygen demand), and TSS (total suspended solids), in the 2017–2020 period. Anderson–Darling (A–D) statistics were applied to assess the fit of the theoretical distributions to the empirical distributions of the random variables under study. The selection of the best-fitting statistical distributions was determined using the percentage deviation (PBIAS) criterion. Based on the analyses that were performed, the best-fitting statistical distributions for the pollution indicators of the raw wastewater were the generalised extreme value distribution for BOD5, the Gaussian distribution for CODCr, and the log-normal distribution for TSS. For treated effluent, the log-normal distribution was the best fit for BOD5 and CODCr; the semi-normal distribution, for TSS. The new data generated using the Monte-Carlo method allowed the reliability of the VF-CW operation to be assessed by determining the reliability indices, i.e., the average efficiency of the removal of pollutants (η), the technological efficiency index (R), the reliability index (CR), and the risk index of the negative control of the sewage treatment plant operation (Re). The obtained results indicate that only in the case of CODCr, the analysed treatment facility may fail to meet the requirements related to the reduction of organic pollutants to the required level, which is evidenced by the values of the indicators CR = 1.10, R = 0.49, and η = 0.82. In addition, the risk index of the negative operation of the facility (Re) assumes a value of 1, which indicates that during the period of its operation, the VF-CW system will not operate with the required efficiency in relation to this indicator. The novelty of this work is the implementation of the indicated mathematical simulation methods for analysing the reliability of the operation of the domestic wastewater treatment facility.

Proportional appropriation systems and financial statement quality in municipally owned entities: empirical evidence from Italy

PurposeThis paper aims to examine how proportional appropriation systems affect the quality of financial reporting in entities controlled by local governments.Design/methodology/approachThe authors examine this issue using the setting of Italian municipally owned entities (MOEs) following the implementation of a new accounting regulation that limits the spending power of the participating municipality when the owned entity reports losses. The authors apply Benford's law on net income figures using the Chi-square and Z-tests on the adjusted version of the Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) criterion to spot any sign of low data quality. The sample, which consists of 2,120 MOEs, covers the years 2010–2019 and is evenly divided into the periods pre- and post-policy introduction.FindingsWidespread data anomalies were detected following the introduction of the new regulation for MOEs controlled by local governments. Evidence is stronger for entities owned entirely by municipalities. The results suggest that the extent of data manipulation grows as the municipality's ownership stake increases, consistent with the hypothesis that a decrease in spending power through the appropriation of financial resources affects earnings management practices in municipally controlled entities.Practical implicationsThis paper sheds light on government-based accounting policies by documenting evidence of somewhat inefficient responses by those responsible for the preparation of financial statements on behalf of municipally owned entities, and, accordingly, insights are provided to help review these policies so as to forestall even indirectly detrimental repercussions on public services.Originality/valueThis paper extends prior research in public-sector earnings management by being the first to test whether MOEs manipulate their earnings as a consequence of participating municipalities' reduced spending capability. Understanding factors influencing earnings management practices driven by governments, other than political incentives, is still an open issue.

Experimental research on muffle furnace dynamic properties

Purpose. To develop the method and software for building empirical models of muffle furnaces with two heating elements. Methodology. The method for processing experimental data according to the improved algorithm, which is based on the areas method, is used for constructing empirical models of the muffle furnace. Experimental research of the muffle furnace dynamic is conducted using the following methodology. The muffle furnace is cooled to the room temperature and then the lower heater is turned on and temperatures at the furnace output are fixed using the experimental two-channel temperature controller MIC-344. The second cycle of the experimental research began by cooling the furnace to the room temperature with turning on the upper heater. Observations based on the results of the experiment are conducted until the temperature is stabilized at the two outputs of the muffle furnace. Archiving of temperature trends is carried out using the RS485/Ethernet interface and the SmartReview software (a product of private limited company “Microl”). Findings. The developed software can be used for iteratively selection of the optimal empirical model based on the criterion of the root mean square deviation of the calculated and experimental data. The calculating method for the acceleration curve based on the transfer functions coefficients with a variable discreteness step is improved in order to compare the experimental data with the empirical modeling results. Twelve empirical models were tested for four signal transmission channels in the process of experimental research. It has been established that only four of them are stable (have left-hand roots of the characteristic equation). Among the selected sustainable models, the model with the numerator polynomial equaled to two and denominator polynomial equaled to three has been established as the best model (according to the established criterion). A structural diagram is created based on the synthesized empirical model of the muffle furnace, which includes four transfer functions and cross connections. Originality. For the first time, the empirical model of a muffle furnace with two electrical energy sources has been developed, which describes its dynamic properties as the object of automatic control with high accuracy, which enables to reveal the presence of internal cross-connections, that significantly complicate the controlling process of the object. Practical value. The created empirical models with two electric sources (tens) can be used for the synthesis of the high-precision automatic temperature control system of the muffle furnace.