Criteria For Division Research Articles

Investigation of the function of the parathyroid glands during thyroid surgery.

Annotation The aim is to justify the need for a routine examination of the function of the parathyroid glands in all patients before thyroid surgery. Materials and methods The analysis of 249 patients who underwent thyroid surgery was carried out. All patients were divided into 2 groups. The main criterion for division is a routine assessment of the function of the parathyroid glands before thyroid surgery. In each group, we assessed the need for interventions on the parathyroid glands. Results In 3 patients of group I, in the period 3-5 months after thyroid surgery, an “unreasonable” increase in blood calcium levels was revealed. Upon further examination, laboratory and clinical signs of primary hyperaparthyroidism were revealed in them. These patients (2.1%) required surgery on the parathyroid gland. There were no such patients in the second group. According to the results of preoperative examination in group II, an increase in parathyroid hormone levels was detected in 32 (28%) patients. Parathyroid adenomas were confirmed in 9 (28%) of 32 patients with hyperparathyroidism. At the same time, according to ultrasound, adenomas were visualized only in 5 (56%). In retrospective analysis, all 9 patients showed signs of damage to target organs without pronounced clinical manifestations. All these 9 patients underwent simultaneous intervention on the thyroid and parathyroid glands. In this group of patients, the frequency of simultaneous operations was 8% (p 0.001). Conclusion Before performing surgery on the thyroid gland, it is advisable for all patients to conduct a routine examination of blood calcium and parathyroid hormone to determine the indications for surgery on the parathyroid gland. With this approach, laboratory and clinical signs of primary hyperparathyroidism can be detected in 8% of patients with thyroid pathology, which requires simultaneous operations. Key words: hyperparathyroidism; calcium; nephrolithiasis; parathyroid hormone; parathyroidectomy; thyroid gland. Conflict of interest: none.

Ensuring the performance of external communications: An informal classification of target groups

The increasing influence of the investment community on business sustainability highlights the need for a compre hensive understanding and accurate segmentation of this audience. The research aims to identify consistent criteria for intra group differentiation in the perception of financial reporting information among members of various stakeholder groups in or der to improve the performance of external communications management. Methodologically, the study rests upon stakeholder theory, which is supported by expert assessments, structural-logical analysis, and multidimensional discriminant analysis. The study draws on authentic data of a survey on the quality of corporate reporting information conducted in the fourth quarter of 2020 among 52 representatives of the Russian business. The research identifies motivationally-rooted statistically significant discrepancies in the probability of correlating some survey participants with their functional group formed on a formal basis. We discuss the relevant criteria for an informal division of respondents into groups based on subjective judgments about qualitative characteristics of corporate financial reports. These criteria include variations in estimates of complexity of reporting standards and functionality of cost indicators based on the concept of fair market value. The revealed criteria for motivational and func tional identification within stable subgroups of financial statement users formed within functional groups represents the scien tific novelty of this study. The results contribute to a deeper understanding of the relevant criteria for the group structure of the investment community, which constitutes the target audience for corporate reporting. These findings can be utilized to refine the formal classification of users of reporting information, as well as to adjust other components of corporate management systems with the aim of enhancing the effectiveness of external communications.

ФУҚАРОЛИК ҲУҚУҚИДА ВАКИЛЛИКНИ ТУРЛАРГА БЎЛИШ МЕЗОНЛАРИНИНГ УМУМИЙ ТАВСИФИ

This article covers the types of representation in civil law, the criteria for division and methods of protection, solving problems related to participation in social, property and family relations.

An examination of the associations between nutritional peaking strategies in physique sport and competitor characteristics.

Physique athletes are subjectively judged on their on-stage esthetic per their competition division criteria. To succeed, competitors look to acutely enhance their appearance by manipulating nutritional variables in the days leading up to competition, commonly referred to as peak week (PW). Despite their documented wide adoption, PW strategies lack experimental evidence. Further, the relationship between the specific strategies and the characteristics of the competitors who implement them are unknown. The aim of this research was to examine the effect of competitor characteristics on the specific nutritional peaking strategies implemented, the length of these strategies, and the range of daily carbohydrate (CHO) intakes during these strategies. A 58-item survey was developed to gather information on peak week nutrition and training practices of physique athletes. A total of 160 respondents above the age of 18 who had competed in the last 5 years completed the nutrition section. The topics analyzed for this paper included competitor demographics, peaking strategies utilized, and PW CHO intakes. Competitor demographics are presented with the use of descriptive statistics. Associations between competitor demographics and peaking strategies implemented, peaking strategy length, and daily CHO intake ranges were assessed using multiple logistic regression, multiple ordinal logistic regression, and linear mixed models, respectively. From the sampled population, ages 24-39 years (71.2%), male (68.8%), natural (65%), and amateur (90%) were the most common characteristics from their respective categories, while mean competition preparation length was 20.35 ± 8.03 weeks (Males: 19.77 ± 7.56 weeks, Females: 21.62 ± 8.93 weeks), competition preparation body mass loss was 11.5 ± 5.56 kg (M: 12.7 ± 5.76 kg, F: 7.16 ± 3.99 kg), and competition body mass was 72.09 ± 15.74 kg (M: 80.15 ± 11.33 kg, F: 54.34 ± 7.16 kg). For males, the highest and lowest daily CHO intake during PW were 489.63 ± 224.03 g (6.22 ± 2.93 g/kg body mass) and 148.64 ± 152.01 g (1.94 ± 2.17 g/kg), respectively, while for females these values were 266.73 ± 131.23 g (5.06 ± 2.67 g/kg) and 94.42 ± 80.72 g (1.81 ± 1.57 g/kg), respectively. CHO back loading (45%) and water loading (40.6%) were the most popular peaking strategies, while the most prevalent peaking strategy length was 7 days (27.2%). None of the competitor characteristics predicted the use of CHO-based peaking strategies nor peaking strategy length. For non-CHO-based strategies, drug-enhanced competitors were more likely to restrict water than non-drug enhanced, while males and professional competitors had greater odds of loading sodium than females and amateurs, respectively. Finally, when comparing the disparity in highest and lowest CHO intakes during peak week, sex was the only significant factor. The results of this survey provide further information on the nutritional peaking strategies implemented by competitors. Certain characteristics were identified as predictors of sodium loading and water restriction, and the range of daily PW CHO intake. Contrastingly, no associations were found for CHO-based peaking strategies or peaking strategy length. While our analyses may be underpowered, and thus results should be interpreted with caution, it appears the nutritional peaking strategies implemented by physique competitors are seemingly complex and highly individual.

Unsupervised domain adaptation with hard-sample dividing and processing strategy

In Unsupervised Domain Adaptation(UDA), the hard samples cause serious negative transfer to model performance. However, the existing UDA methods don’t fully pay attention to the fine-grained processing of hard samples in target and source domains. To address these problems, the UDA framework with Hard-sample Dividing and Processing Strategy (HDPS) is proposed in this paper. In HDPS, we define sample division criteria in target domain and source domain respectively and divide the samples into easy samples, hard samples with low confidence and hard samples with high confidence. We further design systematic processing strategy of the three types of samples. Specifically, we firstly define geometric metrics based on the class prototype to divide the hard samples and eliminate them in source domain. We further design two weight allocation strategies based on sample classification entropy in target domain. Finally, we build a teacher-student guidance mechanism to learn the discriminative features of hard samples. The HDPS framework can be easily loaded to other methods as a plug-in, can promote the diversity feature learning of samples, and significantly improve the discriminant performance of the model. Extensive experiments on six benchmark datasets verify that HDPS is effective and superior to most existing UDA methods.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Logging-Based Permeability Classification Modeling for Tight Sandstone Reservoirs

The Upper Paleozoic tight sandstone reservoirs on the eastern margin of the Ordos Basin exhibit strong heterogeneity and complex pore structures, leading to poor correlation between porosity and permeability and insufficient accuracy in permeability calculations to meet the requirements of reservoir fine evaluation. Therefore, a new method for high-precision permeability calculation based on flow zone index (FZI) reservoir classification is proposed. This method determines the number of reservoir classifications based on the characteristics of the FZI normal probability distribution plot and establishes FZI division criteria for reservoir types. Classified reservoirs exhibit similar flow characteristics, significantly improving the correlation between permeability and porosity. Based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) combined with mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP) experiments, a modeling method for calculating the flow zone index based on the geometric mean of NMR T2 is proposed. This method realizes continuous calculation of FZI based on NMR logging, reservoir classification, and permeability for the entire wellbore, thereby constructing a new permeability prediction method for tight sandstone reservoirs based on NMR logging and FZI classification. Actual application results demonstrate that the permeability calculated using NMR logging is in high agreement with the permeability analyzed from core data, with an average relative error of 45.8%, proving the effectiveness of the proposed method in this study.

Non-interference slow tool servo turning method for complex surfaces with large undulation changes

Complex curved surface parts are integral to the mechanical industry, demanding precise machining techniques. Multi-axis slow tool servo turning has emerged as an efficient method due to its high precision and quality. However, the challenge of severe tool flank interference arises, especially on surfaces with large undulation changes. Conventional methods, such as increasing tool clearance angles or adding extra tool axes, detrimentally affect machining precision and stability. To address this, a non-interference toolpath planning method is proposed for complex surfaces with large undulation changes. The approach begins with establishing geometric models of the single-point diamond turning tool and typical complex surfaces, followed by analyzing the mechanism and evolution of tool flank interference. By considering geometric parameters and vector relationships, the practical tool clearance angles are calculated. And then a criterion for subregion division is introduced and the non-cutting stroke is designed, accounting for the maximal acceleration of machine tool axis. Multi-pass toolpaths are generated to navigate different subregions while avoiding interference by transforming spindle rotation direction. Furthermore, a method is proposed to optimize toolpath stitching in practical machining regions, ensuring continuous and smooth transitions while maintaining machining precision and surface quality. Experimental validation, conducted on a hyperbolic paraboloid surface with large undulation changes, demonstrates a significant reduction in surface roughness (Sa) from 380.503 nm to 75.664 nm—a reduction of 80.115 %. The proposed method not only enhances machining precision and surface quality but also extends tool life and improves working conditions. This research offers vital guidance for non-interference toolpath planning in engineering practice.

Maintenance modeling of serial-parallel multi-station manufacturing system with failure-induced damage and assembly parts

This paper studies the joint optimization of maintenance scheduling and spare part management for Serial-Parallel Multi-station Manufacturing Systems (SPMMS) with failure-induced damage, which implies the failure of one component may induce the damage of other structurally-connected components. In the proposed hybrid spare part usage policy, either the assembly part, which is a pre-assembled spare part module, or the combination of multiple unassembled single parts can be used to retore the failed station. On the basis of the introduced reliability model, the hybrid usage policy is combined into the joint analysis of spare part inventory and corrective maintenance actions. Then, an opportunistic maintenance policy with the greedy algorithm is developed to reduce the computing complexity. The numerical examples show that the cost advantage of assembly parts and the hierarchical inventory sharing of spare parts can jointly affect the cost effectiveness of the SPMMS. The proposed hybrid spare part usage policy is more cost-effective than the ordinary usage policy, the substitution policy and the component-level policy. The policy comparisons among different hierarchical sharing policies also show that both the division criterion of failure states and the usage priority of spare parts have significantly impacts on the cost effectiveness of the SPMMS.

NDI-PPO: Node degree increment-based proximal policy optimization method for employment community discovery in online social networks

Purpose: aiming at the limitations of pre-input parameters in the complex network overlapping community discovery algorithm based on tag propagation in real networks and the problems of tag redundancy, method: a node degree increment-based proximal policy optimization method for community discovery in online social networks is proposed (named NDI-PPO). Process: by applying the cohesion idea and introducing the concept of modularity increment, a social network great community is constructed from the bottom up according to the criteria of community division. For the problem that the number of iterative steps is sensitive to the strategy gradient algorithm, we adopt an improved PPO to improve the efficiency of feature extraction. In label updating, the maximum clique is used as the core unit to update the labels and weights of the maximum maximum clique adjacent nodes from the center to the periphery using intimacy, and the weights of the non-maximum maximum clique adjacent nodes are updated by means of the maximum weight. In the post-processing stage, the adaptive threshold method is used to remove the noise in the node label, which effectively overcomes the limitation of the number of pre-input overlapping communities in the real network. Result: The simulation results show that the proposed community discovery algorithm NDI-PPO is superior to other advanced algorithms, the time complexity is greatly reduced, and it is suitable for community discovery in large social networks.

Association of physical activity and vitamin D deficiency with cognitive impairment in older adults: a population based cross-sectional analysis.

The global aging situation is becoming increasingly critical and cognitive impairment in the elderly has become a public health burden of concern. Physical activity (PA) and vitamin D may play a key role in improving cognitive impairment. However, little studies have examined the interaction between these two. The purpose of this study was to assess the association of PA and vitamin D with cognitive impairment in older adults, as well as the interactions of PA and vitamin D. This study was conducted by multi-stage random sampling of elderly people ≥60 years old, and a total sample of 2,492 (1,207 male and 1,285 female, mean age of 69.41 ± 6.75 years) with complete data was included in the analysis. PA was assessed by the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire, and < 600 MET-min/week was used as the division criteria. Serum vitamin D was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D2/D3 concentration < 20 ng/mL was used as a vitamin D deficiency criterion. Cognitive function was assessed by three subtests: the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease word learning test (CERAD-WL) for immediate and delayed learning, the Animal Fluency Test (AFT) for verbal fluency; and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) for information processing speed and switching attention. All three subtests were scored at less than the lowest quartile of the score as a criterion for cognitive impairment. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS for chi-square test, rank sum test, interaction analysis, subgroup analysis, and regression analysis. Lower level of PA is associated with higher odds of cognitive impairment (CERAD W-L: OR = 1.596, 95% CI: 1.338-1.905, p < 0.001; AFT: OR = 1.833, 95% CI: 1.534-2.190, p < 0.001; DSST: OR = 1.936, 95% CI: 1.609-2.329, p < 0.001). Vitamin D deficiency has significant effects in AFT (OR = 1.322, 95% CI: 1.103-1.584, p = 0.003) and DSST (OR = 1.619, 95% CI: 1.345-1.948, p < 0.001). After adjusted for covariates, PA and vitamin D have multiplicative interaction on AFT (OR = 0.662, 95% CI: 0.448-0.977, p = 0.038) and DSST (OR = 0.775, 95% CI: 0.363-0.868, p = 0.009). The interaction between PA and vitamin D was not significant in the CERAD W-L (OR = 0.757, 95% CI: 0.508-1.128, p = 0.172). The results showed that lower level of PA and vitamin D deficiency were associated with higher odds of cognitive impairment in the elderly population and that there was a multiplicative interaction between PA and vitamin D on cognitive function, with a significant effect of vitamin D on cognitive impairment in high PA conditions.

Понятийно-терминологический аспект практики откровения помыслов в традиции египетского и палестинского монашества IV — VII вв.

The article analyzes the original terminology of the patristic writings of Egyptian and Palestinian monasticism of the 4th - 7th centuries, which is found when mentioning the practice of revelation of thoughts as an important pastoral-ascetic activity and a form of spiritual leadership in the monastic tradition of this period. The author identifies the main terms related to this area, analyzes the context of their use and various semantic shades that reflect the corresponding forms, conditions and characteristics of this activity. Modern patrolologists strictly distinguish the practice of revealing thoughts from confession, which in ancient times was carried out in all forms of monastic life: hermitage, semi-hermitage, community and laura. At the same time, the most ancient sources do not always reflect this difference, their external forms and ideological content. Another equally important question remains not entirely clear: how the great fathers of ancient Eastern monasticism understood this saving remedy, whether for them there was a division between confession and revelation of thoughts as between two different actions of repentance, and if so, what appeared for them clear criteria for such division. The sources for the study were the most famous and significant works of monastic writing in the tradition of Egypt and Palestine in the 4th - 7th centuries, as the period of formation, development and greatest flowering of monasticism, and at the same time its ascetic and pastoral theology. Some manuscripts of individual sources were also used as sources, including the most ancient ones, reflecting the understanding of the practice being studied in the minds of scribes belonging to various manuscript traditions - Greek, Latin and Coptic. The subject of study are terms denoting revelation (of hidden thoughts, sinful falls committed in secret), revelation (of oneself, one’s emotional experiences, demonic temptations, etc.), confession (of sins, a passionate disposition of the soul and its destructive consequences), etc.

Personnel certification as a component of the business process of development of employees of it companies

The article examines the main theoretical aspects of employee certification. It analyzes the approaches to applying the definition of certification as an element of professional training for employees, as well as a permit to use specific software or other tools that are an element of protection and regulation in the labor market. Based on various sources, the author systematizes the classification of certification types according to various division criteria, in particular: by type, by the number of levels, and by the origin of materials. Based on the current situation in the IT industry, a list of advantages and possible disadvantages of certification of employees of modern Ukrainian IT companies is determined. The primary certification areas are identified: «soft skills», «hard skills», and the subject area of the unit's functioning. Among the main advantages of certification of employees of IT companies are the following: advanced training of current staff, standardization of own training programs, the ability to prove to external stakeholders the level of staff qualifications, and the simplification of recognition of the level of skills in certain areas. Typical shortcomings in the certification process are that the knowledge and skills acquired during certification are not always used in practice; there is no standard international certification for many industries/topics/elements; some courses are extensive and time-consuming; and some programs require certain significant restrictions (experience, qualifications). The multi-stage certification business process involves determining the need for certification by collecting the necessary information. Based on the list of potential areas of certification, available resources, and other components, an annual certification program is formed, and employees are motivated to improve their knowledge and skills. In the professional certification process of IT company employees, current feedback and, most importantly, summarizing the certification results and fair rewards based on its results are essential. The article provides conclusions and prospects for further research. Keywords: employee certification, staff development, business process, types of certification, IT company

Akcja zabezpieczania księgozbiorów i bibliotek w latach 1944–1955

The article comprises a definition of the term “restricted collections” and an enumeration of legal regulations from the period 1944–1955. Mentioned arrangements contained circumscription of securing’s policy. The restricting libraries action was held on territory named Ziemie Odzyskane (Recovered Territories), the other type of collections were former manors houses’ libraries regardless of storage area. Next paragraphs contain short history of each of five main storage places based in: Kraków, Poznań, Wrocław, Szczecin, Gdańsk i Katowice. The last paragraph discusses principles regarding filing (the main was library provenance), rules of description and criteria of division and manuscripts and books into libraries in Poland.

Engine Oil Degradation in the Real-World Bus Fleet Test Based on Two Consecutive Operational Intervals

The literature on the subject and the results of numerous research experiments indicate that single replacement cycles do not reflect the actual state of oil quality in the context of its degradation. Monitoring the operational quality of the oil in several successive stages allows for a more accurate diagnosis of the optimal oil change time. Therefore, it was decided to investigate the relationship between two consecutive periods of changing the operating oil in an engine. Comparative tests of seven buses included in the fleet were carried out. An important division criterion was taken into account—the operation of city and intercity buses. The HDXRF instrumental chemical analysis method was used to determine changes in the content of abrasive metals, and additives in engine oils. Additionally, the oxidation, nitration, sulfonation, and soot content were assessed using infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) based on the ASTM E2414-10 standard and kinematic viscosity at 40 °C and 100 °C using a Stabinger viscometer according to ASTM D7042. The course of these changes was analyzed in terms of their dynamics. The comparative study aimed to identify trends and sources of differences between the tested oils, as well as to demonstrate the number of exceedances of limit values for the selected parameters.

Alternative FÜR Deutschland’s Electoral Success: A Birth of a New Class in Germany?

The issue of class division has been growing in importance as a common problem in modern society. This paper first synthesizes the results of existing research on the voter groups of the extreme right-wing political parties represented by the Alternative for Germany (AfD), and then, based on the existing theories of class division and the theory of "risk society", proposes a new explanatory framework for the traditional theory that the criterion of class division in the highly globalized developed countries has been gradually changed from wealth to risk, that is, the "risk class". The concept of "risk class" is then used to explain the results of previous studies. Finally, this study argues that the emergence of this "risk class" is a manifestation of Germany's democratic deficit, which indicates that Germany's democracy has not effectively reduced the inequality of social risks in recent years. The rise of the Alternative for Germany (AfD) party is a significant signal of this.

Exponential Stabilization of Semi-Markov Reaction-Diffusion Memristive NNs via Event-Based Spatially Pointwise-Piecewise Switching Control.

This article considers both the semi-Markov jumping phenomenon and spatial distribution characteristics when investigating the exponential stabilization of memristive neural networks (MNNs). The introduction of the semi-Markov jumping parameters relaxes the restriction on the sojourn time of Markovian MNNs. To increase the operability while ensuring control effect, a novel event-based spatially pointwise-piecewise switching control scheme is presented under a unified spatial division criterion, in which the pointwise and piecewise control can switch according to the preset event condition for the applicability to different control requirements. Moreover, by constructing a semi-Markov Lyapunov functional and utilizing the properties of the considered cumulative distribution function, the final exponential stabilization criterion and two related corollaries are obtained. Finally, simulation results illustrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed control strategy.

Ensemble average of enhanced generalized envelope spectrum for fault detection of rolling element bearings

SummarySince bearing defects usually occur which threaten the stable operation of the machinery, bearing fault detection is of great importance. However, the bearing fault signals inevitably exhibit strong interference components due to the complex structures of the real equipment, which leads to difficulty in fault feature detection. To address the problem, a fault diagnosis method based on the ensemble average of enhanced generalized envelope spectrum (EAEGES) was constructed. First, to suppress the irrelevant components, the optimal analysis frequency band was determined based on the variable frequency band division criteria. Second, the optimal signal was divided into numerous sub‐signals, the EAEGES was established based on the principles of the generalized envelope spectrum to strengthen the capability in detecting bearing fault features, while the improved pulse extraction operator was utilized as the target. Finally, abundant fault information can be distinguished in the feature map acquired using the proposed technique. This technique shows high effectiveness in extracting the defect signatures of the rolling element bearing, which is demonstrated using the simulation and experimental signals and can be applied to real applications.

A nested decision tree for event detection in smart grids

Digitalization process experienced by traditional power networks towards smart grids extend the challenges faced by power grid operators to the field of cybersecurity. False data injection attacks, one of the most common cyberattacks in smart grids, could lead the power grid to sabotage itself. In this paper, an event detection algorithm for cyberattack in smart grids is developed based on a decision tree. In order to find the most accurate algorithm, two different decision trees with two different goals have been trained: one classifies the status of the network, corresponding to an event, and the other will classify the location where the event is detected. To train the decision trees, a dataset made by co-simulating a power network and a communication network has been used. The decision trees are going to be compared in different settings by changing the division criteria, the dataset used to train them and the misclassification cost. After looking at their performance independently, the best way to combine them into a single algorithm is presented.

Is a Woman a Better Refugee Than a Man? Gender Representations of Refugees in the Polish Public Debate

Within the framework of global mobility regimes, some bodies are encouraged to move while others are pushed back. Nation-states create control mechanisms to block those who are “undesirable”. Apart from political utility, the colour of the bodies is indicated by the critics as the main criterion of division. However, one more important dimension that intersects with race here is the gender of these bodies. A woman fits the figure of an ideal victim better due to the nationalist patterns of femininity: she is vulnerable, submissive, and deprived of agency. Contrary to a man: his duty in the context of war is to remain in his homeland and fight for it. A man who does not do that, seeking asylum in Europe, is morally doubtful: he is a migrant posing a threat to “our” prosperity and security. This is how people crossing the Polish-Belarusian border are presented to public opinion and contrasted with female Ukrainian refugees. The article offers a critical analysis of gender representations of refugees in the Polish public debate through the prism of postcolonial theory, demonstrating that gendered and racialised colonial discourses underpin rationalisations about who has and who does not have a right to be a refugee.

The functions of a Municipal Law as a branch of law: debatable issues of theory

In article problems of the theory of functions of a modern Municipal Law are considered. The basic essential and meaningful, objective and subjective, internal and external aspects of modern Municipal Law. It is noted that among the basic tasks that are currently faced domestic science Municipal Law, is the formation of a coherent and comprehensive knowledge of the system of municipal law of Ukraine, its legal aspects and patterns of development and operation of its norms and institutions. A holistic conception of the Municipal Law of Ukraine in the unity of its static and functional, material and procedural elements are important theoretical and methodological basis for the development and improvement of the system of national municipalism, current municipal legislation and municipal law-making and law enforcement activities.&#x0D; However, if the theory of problematic issues of Municipal Law as in law, its genesis, sources, norms and institutions are reflected in the works of Ukrainian researchers, the problem functions of this area of law remains almost unexplored. Understanding the nature and content of the functions of Municipal Law makes it possible to understand the importance of this area of law to regulate social relations and answer questions about the role of Municipal Law in society and the state.&#x0D; It is proven that the legal features and qualifications of the functions of municipal law find their logical continuation in each independent group of these functions, which can be distinguished according to the appropriate division criteria. These criteria, which are the basis for the classification of functions of municipal law, should include: a) objects of influence of municipal law. According to this criterion, it is necessary to distinguish such objective functions of municipal law, from among the main ones, such as political function, economic function, social function, ideological function and corresponding external functions of municipal law; b) ways and means of influence of municipal law on relevant social relations. Such functions should include regulatory, establishing, protective, control, integrative (system-forming), law-making, law­enforcing, informational, axiological and a number of other functions of municipal law; c) conditions of influence of municipal law on relevant social relations. Such functions should include temporal (permanent and temporary) and territorial (national and local).&#x0D; These criteria are the main criteria for the classification of functions of municipal law and do not exclude the possibility of identifying other criteria that would make it possible to improve their classification.