Crinum Moorei Research Articles

Silver nanoparticles synthesis from Crinum moorei: Optimization, characterization, kinetics and catalytic application

Nanotechnology has been developing tremendously since the 1970s. Various types of nanoparticles such as carbon, metal, bio-originated, etc. have been synthesized by a variety of physical, chemical and biological methods. Biological methods which employ bacteria, fungi and plants for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles are found to be a sustainable and eco-friendly approach. Among biological methods, plants being a cleaner and greener source are widely accepted. The present work includes screening the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the roots and leaves extract of 15 different Indian Crinum species, optimization, characterization and kinetic studies of silver nanoparticles. Among all the species, the highest synthesis was observed by Crinum moorei which was detected by apeak at 390 nm in UV–visible spectrophotometry. The optimization of silver nanoparticle synthesis from C. moorei roots was performed based on extract concentration (1 %), salt concentration (1.5 mM), pH (9) and temperature (30°C). The kinetics study of silver nanoparticles showed a rate constant of 0.0609 h−1. Furthermore, the characterization of synthesized silver nanoparticles was conducted using TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, NTA and DLS. These synthesized AgNPs exhibited catalytic activity for Congo red dye decolorization, which could serve as an initiative for the further studies to control the environmental pollution caused by dyes and colorants.

Inventarisasi Tumbuhan Famili Amaryllidaceae Di Taman Sejarah Bandung

Indonesia is an archipelagic country which is famous for its large islands namely Sumatra, Sulawesi, Java, Kalimantan and Papua and includes 34 provinces. Indonesia's biodiversity has put Indonesia in second place after Brazil with the title of Megabiodiversity Country. To maintain this plant diversity, it is necessary to have inventory activities as an effort to collect data for plant species which generally survey locations directly for the sustainability of biological resources as well as planning area management so that these plants are not threatened with extinction. This research was carried out for 1 day on Saturday, 10 June 2023 at the Bandung Historical Park. The method used in this study is a descriptive survey method with exploratory techniques and direct documentation. Based on the results of research conducted at the Bandung Historical Park, it can be concluded that there are 5 species from the Amaryllidaceae family including; Crinum americanum L., Crinum americanum L., Hippeastrum reginae (L.) Herb., Crinum moorei Hook.f., Zephyranthes candida L., Crinum asiaticum L.

Cytotoxic activities of selected plants of the family Amaryllidaceae on brain tumour cell lines

Malignant primary brain tumours are reported to be the leading cause of death from solid tumours in children and the third leading cause of death from cancer in adolescents and adults. Current treatment options include surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. Despite these treatment options, patient survival still remains poor. The Amaryllidaceae family contains alkaloids which have shown several biological activities including the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. This study investigates the cytotoxic activity of the methanolic extracts of fourteen plants belonging to the Amaryllidaceae family in brain tumour cell lines. The MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) cell viability assay was used to determine the effects of plant extracts on cell viability while routine antioxidant assays were conducted to determine the antioxidant activities of the extracts. Results showed that of the fourteen extracts, five (Cyrtanthus breviflorus, Amaryllis belladonna, Crinum variabile, Haemanthus pubescens, Nerine filifolia) showed cytotoxicity in all the cell lines tested with IC50 values under 100 µg/mL. Six extracts (Crinum moorei, Clivia miniata, Haemanthus amarylloides, Crossyne guttata, Nerine humilis, and Ammocharis longifolia) showed varying levels of cytotoxicity in the cell lines tested and were unable to induce 50% reduction in cell viability across the cell lines tested at the highest concentration of 100 µg/mL. Furthermore, three plant extracts (Brunsvigia bosmaniae, Boophone disticha, Strumaria truncata) had minimal or no cytotoxic effects on all cell lines tested when compared to control. The extracts also showed varying degrees of antioxidant activity but were not as potent as the positive control. Findings from this study suggest that species of the Amaryllidaceae family may be useful sources of phytochemicals for the treatment of central nervous system cancers and should be further explored in animal models of central nervous system (CNS) and other cancer types.

Development of an electrochemical biosensor for phylogenetic analysis of Amaryllidaceae based on the enhanced electrochemical fingerprint recorded from plant tissue

A biosensor has been developed based on disposable screen-printed electrode for recording the electrochemical fingerprint of plant leaf tissue. A thin layer of polydopamine functionalized graphene sheets was coated on the plant tissue modified electrode for signal enhancement. The voltammetric data recorded under different buffer solutions can be derived as patterns for species identification. As the distribution of electrochemical active compounds in plants is controlled by genes, these fingerprints can reflect differences at the genetic level between species. Therefore, the electrochemical fingerprint of plant tissues can be used for phylogenetic research without qualitative analysis. 19 species of Amaryllidaceae including A. africanus, Clivia miniata, Clivia nobilis, Crinum firmifolium, Crinum latifolium, Crinum moorei, Curculiga gracilis, Cyrtanthus breviflorus, Habranthus robustus, Haemanthus albiflos, Haemathus multiflorus, Hippeastrum rutilum, Hymenocallis littoralis, Leucojum aestivum, Sprekelia formosissima, Tulbaghia violacea, Zephyranthes grandiflora, Zephyranthes macrosiphon and Zephyranthes minima have been selected deliberately. The dendrogram deduced from the electrochemical fingerprint was compared with the molecular phylogenetics. The results indicate the electrochemical fingerprint-based phylogenetic study is a persuasive methodology for plant phylogenetic analysis.

Identification of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids in larvae of the ‘lily borer’ moth Brithys crini

There are subtle mechanisms at work in nature to maintain a balance in the interactions between plants and animals. The production of secondary metabolites is one of the key strategies utilized by plants to minimize their over-exploitation. The ‘lily borer’ moth Brithys crini poses a considerable challenge to Amaryllidaceae plants owing to the devestation it can cause during the larval stage of its development. This, despite the fact that the Amaryllidaceae is richly endowed with an assortment of isoquinoline alkaloid constituents which exhibit a diverse array of biological properties, particularly cytotoxicity-related effects. In this study, laboratory-maintained larvae of B. crini were periodically fed fresh leaves of Crinum moorei during the September to November infestation period in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. Solvent extracts of the plant leaves, moth larvae and larvae excrement material were then prepared and subjected to HPLC and LC–MS analyses. The presence of several alkaloids, including cherylline and ambelline, in all three extracts was ratified via HR-MS and NMR analyses. The identification of ambelline is noteworthy since it has not been reported in previous studies of C. moorei. Toxicity related criteria are also considered based on the present detection of alkaloids in B. crini larvae material, as well as precedence for their association with other known insect predators of the Amaryllidaceae.

Alkaloid profile and cholinesterase inhibition activity of five species of Amaryllidaceae family collected from Mérida state-Venezuela

The Amaryllidaceae family is distributed mainly in tropical and subtropical areas but also in temperate zones. In Venezuela, there are 6 genera and 13 species distributed around the country. This family is characterized by its ability to biosynthesize alkaloids with an isoquinoline type structure. In addition, a number of investigations have revealed a variety of biological activities for these alkaloids, such as antimalarial, antitumoral, analgesic, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, among others. Galanthamine, an alkaloid first obtained from Galanthus woronowii, has been used since 2001 for the palliative therapy of mild-moderate Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, there is great interest on searching for galanthamine sources among the wide range of Amaryllidaceae species distributed around the world. The present investigation, carried out with five species from the Amaryllidaceae family, Crinum amabile, Crinum erubescens, Crinum moorei, Amaryllis belladonna and Zephyranthes carinata, collected from different locations in Mérida State-Venezuela and analyzed by GC–MS, showed the alkaloid profile of leaves and bulbs of these species. Results revealed that lycorine and related compounds, such as 11,12-dehydro-anhydrolycorine and 1-O-acetyllycorine, were present in almost all samples analyzed, with lycorine predominant. The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibition capacity of these alkaloid extracts showed a strong to moderate inhibitory effect on both enzymes; C. amabile leaves being the extract with the strongest inhibitory activity against AChE at 0.88 µg/mL as well as BuChE at 4.46 µg/mL, followed by Crinum erubescens leaves with values of 1.75 µg/mL and 8.72 µg/mL, respectively, compared to the values observed for galanthamine used as control. Present investigation constitutes the first in silico report about buphanisine interactions with AChE and BuChE active sites.

A NEW PHYTOTELM PLANT, CRINUM MOOREI (ASPARAGALES: AMARYLLIDACEAE), FOR THE AMERICAS AND ITS MOSQUITO INHABITANT (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE) IN ECUADOR.

A new phytotelm plant for the Americas is recorded for San Miguel de los Bancos, Pichincha Province, Ecuador. In the leaf axils of Crinum moorei Hook. f. (Amaryllidaceae) were collected larvae and pupae of a common mosquito, Wyeomyia (Dendromyia) complosa (Dyar) (Diptera: Culicidae: Sabethini). This plant is a South African native, introduced into several countries, but never reported as a habitat for immature mosquitoes. We provide notes about its botanical and ecological characteristics, and also of the mosquito associated at this locality.

Anti-inflammatory, anticholinesterase, antioxidant and phytochemical properties of medicinal plants used for pain-related ailments in South Africa

Ethnopharmacological relevance Extracts of seven South African medicinal plants used traditionally for the treatment of pain-related ailments were evaluated. Aims of the study The study was aimed at evaluating medicinal and therapeutic potentials of the investigated traditional medicinal plants. Plant extracts were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity and other pharmacological properties such as anticholinesterase and antioxidant activities. Phytochemical analysis of total phenolic contents, condensed tannins, gallotannins and flavonoids in the aqueous methanol extracts of the medicinal plants were also carried out. Materials and methods The evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of 50% methanol (50% MeOH), petroleum ether (PE), dichloromethane (DCM) and ethanol (EtOH) plant extracts was done against cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 (COX-1 and COX-2) enzymes. 50% MeOH, PE, DCM and EtOH extracts were tested for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, while 50% MeOH extracts were tested for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and ferric-reducing power in the antioxidant assays. Total phenolic compounds, condensed tannins, gallotannins and flavonoids were quantitatively determined using spectrophotometric methods. Results At the screening assay concentration (0.25 μg/μl), 13 extracts showed good COX-1 inhibitory activity (>50%), while good activity was observed in 15 extracts against COX-2 enzyme. All the extracts of Crinum moorei (bulbs) showed good inhibition against both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. Though not significantly different ( P = 0.05), the highest COX-1 percentage inhibition (100%) was shown by Aloe ferox leaf PE and Colocasia antiquorum tuber DCM extracts, while Colocasia antiquorum tuber PE extract exhibited the highest (92.7%) percentage inhibition against COX-2. Crinum moorei bulb DCM extract showed the lowest EC 50 value (2.9 μg/ml) in the AChE assay. In addition, good to moderate bioactivities were observed in some extracts of Aloe ferox (leaves), Crinum moorei (bulbs) and Pycnostachys reticulata (leaves) in all the assays. The presence and/or amounts of phenolic compounds varied with plant species. Conclusion The results obtained in this study validate the use of the investigated medicinal plants in South African traditional medicine for pain-related ailments.

Alkaloids from Crinum moorei introduced into Georgia

Alkaloids from Crinum moorei introduced into Georgia

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of plants used as memory- enhancers in traditional South African medicine

In traditional South African medicine there are a few plants used to improve memory and to treat Alzheimer's disease. Aqueous and ethanol extracts of five of these plants: Malva parviflora (leaves), Boophane disticha (leaves and bulbs), Albizia adianthifolia (stem bark), Albizia suluensis (root bark) and Crinum moorei (bulbs) were investigated. They were screened for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibiting activity using thin- layer chromatography (TLC) and microtitre plate assays. Inhibition of AChE is an important approach in treating Alzheimer's disease. Promising results were obtained with bulbs of B. disticha and C. moorei. The aqueous and ethanol extracts of B. disticha (0.1 mg ml− 1) yielded 38% and 27% inhibition in the microplate assay, respectively, while the ethanol extract of C. moorei had good dose-dependent inhibiting activity with 67% inhibition at the highest concentration. Aqueous and ethanol extracts of C. moorei and B. disticha showed AChE inhibiting activity in the TLC assay.

Organ-to-organ and seasonal variations of alkaloids from Crinum moorei

Dilute HCl extraction followed by gas chromatography were used to determine the distribution and seasonal variation of alkaloids in Crinum moorei . Significant organ-to-organ variations were detected for the individual alkaloids crinine, lycorine, powelline, undulatine, crinamidine, 1- O -acetyllycorine, 1-epideacetylbowdensine and 3- O -acetylhamayne. Alkaloids which showed significant seasonal variations were lycorine, crinine and undulatine.

Organ-to-organ and seasonal variations of alkaloids from Crinum moorei

Organ-to-organ and seasonal variations of alkaloids from Crinum moorei

Alkaloids from Crinum moorei

Thirteen alkaloids were isolated from Crinum moorei two of which are new. These are 3-[4′-(8′-aminoethyl)phenoxy] bulbispermine and mooreine. The structures of the new alkaloids were determined by spectroscopic methods.

NON-ALKALOIDAL COMPOUNDS FROM BULBS OF CRINUM MOOREI

Three chromones viz. eugenin; 5,7-dihydroxy-2-methyl, chromone and 5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2,8-dimethyl chromone in addition to 4'-hydroxy-7-methoxy flavan and b-sitosterol have been isolated for the first time from bulbs of Crinum moorei. The structures of the isolated compounds have been determined by different spectroscopic methods and comparison with published data.

Separation of alkaloids by pH-zone-refining counter-current chromatography

pH-Zone-refining counter-current chromatography was applied to the separation of alkaloids from a crude extract of Crinum moorei using a multilayer coil planet centrifuge. After methyl tert. -butyl ether and water were equilibrated, triethylamine (5–10 m M) was added to the organic phase and hydrochloric acid (5–10 m M) to the aqueous phase. The separation was performed by eluting the column with either the organic phase (displacement mode) or the aqueous phase (reverse-displacement mode) while the other phase was used as the stationary phase. From 3 g of the extract, crinine. powelline and crinamidine were separated in 2.5–7 h with minimum overlapping

MARCO- AND MICROMORPHOLOGY OF CRINUM MOOREI VAR. SCHMIDTII, HOOK F. CULTIVATED IN EGYPT. PART 1: ROOT, BULB (fleshy scale leaves) and foliage leaf

MARCO- AND MICROMORPHOLOGY OF CRINUM MOOREI VAR. SCHMIDTII, HOOK F. CULTIVATED IN EGYPT. PART 1: ROOT, BULB (fleshy scale leaves) and foliage leaf

Q-Banding in Three Species ofCrinum(Amaryllidaceae)

SUMMARYQ-banding has been employed to discover the disposition of heteroch-romatin/repetitive DNA in three species of the genus Crinum. The distribution has been observed to be 2.12% in Crinum asiaticum, 10.97% in Crinum latifolium and 18.84% in Crinum moorei. The quantity of heterochromatin has been found to be less in cytologically stable species than in hybrid species.

Cytotaxonomical studies in eight genera of Amaryllidaceae.

Detailed morphological and karyological studies have been carried out on eight genera of Amaryllidaceae viz., Haemanthus multiflorus, Curculigo crassfolic, Zephyranthes tubispatha, Hippeastrum reticulatum Cyrtanthus mackenii, Crinum moorei, Alstroemeria japonica and Pancratium longjorum. Of these Haemanthus multiflorus, Curculigo crassifolia and Hippeastrum reticulatum were investigated meiotically also. Critical analysis shows, the karyotypes of Alstroemeria and Curculigo are distinctly different from one another and also from others and hence they need separation from others. There is gross homogenity in the karyotype among the other members especially in the nature of the nucleolus organising chromosomes. The bearing of morphological and cytological evidence in assessing the systematic position of these genera is discussed.

The Alkaloids of Nerine bowdenii W. Wats. and Crinum moorei J. D. Hook.1

The Alkaloids of Nerine bowdenii W. Wats. and Crinum moorei J. D. Hook.¹