Prognosis Of Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Research Articles

The Prognosis of Crimean-congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Thiqar City, South of Iraq, in 100 Cases over 2022

Background:: The study of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) worldwide is of low rate as it is an uncommon disease. The outbreak in Iraq in 2022 is high. Aim:: To study the prognosis of hemorrhagic fever patients in Thi-Qar governorate, where the highest rate of the disease is, so that we might expect the fat of the disease. : Patients and Methods: A descriptive cases series of cross-section studies that included all patients with severe or life-threatening Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever(CCHF) PCR-positive cases (out of the total 100) admitted and followed up in AL-Hussain Teaching Hospital in 2022. To study patients' features that indicate the prognostic factors of the disease. Results:: All cases proved to be CCHF by PCR were 100 patients of variable severity, 14 cases were admitted to intensive care units (ICU), 13 patients died, 2 pregnant ladies were infected with CCHF unfortunately died, 16 children admitted to hospital 2 of them died and 14 cases completely cured. The most serious cases are intrapulmonary hemorrhage and neuropsychiatric presentation. Conclusion:: There are many clinical and laboratory prognostic markers. The riskiest clinical bad prognostic factor is the neuropsychiatric and pulmonary hemorrhage and CCHF in pregnant ladies.

Can Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) Serve as a Clinical Indicator for Patients Hospitalized with Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever?

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), a zoonotic disease spread by infected viruses, can be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in endemic areas. This prospective study aimed to establish the relationship between fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels and clinical prognosis of CCHF. The study included 85 participants: 55 patients followed up for CCHF from May to August 2022, and 30 healthy controls. FeNO levels were measured upon hospital admission and were 7.6 ± 3.3 parts per billion (ppb) in patients with mild/moderate CCHF, 2.5 ± 2.1 ppb in patients with severe CCHF, and 6.7 ± 1.7 ppb in the healthy control group. There was no statistically significant difference in FeNO levels between the control group and patients with mild/moderate CCHF (P = 0.09), whereas patients with severe CCHF had lower FeNO levels than those in the control group and patients with mild/moderate CCHF (P < 0.001 for both). FeNO measurement may offer a noninvasive and easily applied approach for predicting the clinical course and prognosis of CCHF in the early stages of the disease.

The Relation Between Serum Alpha Defensin-1 Levels with Clinical Course and Prognosis in Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever

Aim: Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a viral zoonotic infection characterized by fever and bleeding. Alpha-defensin-1 (AD-1) is an antimicrobial peptide. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the clinical course and prognosis of CCHF and AD-1 serum levels, and also to examine the role of AD-1 in the pathogenesis of the disease. Material and Methods: Fifty patients diagnosed with CCHF and hospitalized at the Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, and 38 healthy control were included in this study. Serum AD-1 levels were measured using ELISA methods and compared between the groups. Results: Serum AD-1 levels in the patients were significantly higher than those in the control group (p=0.017). Of the patients, 18 (36%) were classified as severe clinical course, 16 (32%) as moderate clinical course, and 16 (32%) as mild clinical course. There was no statistically significant difference among the three groups in terms of serum AD-1 levels (p=0.729). Median serum AD-1 levels were 171.0 (range, 126.8-221.2) ng/ml in the fatal cases, and 118.7 (range, 91.9-183.3) ng/ml in the surviving patients, and the difference between these two groups was statistically significant (p=0.014). Conclusion: As a result, the increased serum AD-1 levels in CCHF patients, remained higher in severe course patients and in the fatal cases. On the basis of these results, AD-1 appears to indicate the clinical course and provide useful information about mortality. More extensive research should be performed to make generalizations on this subject.

New Insight for the Prognosis of CCHF: Clinical, Laboratory and Sonography Findings.

Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is an acute and fatal disease with various clinical and paraclinical characteristics. In this article, we report data on confirmed CCHF cases from Iran and describe the association between studying factors and outcomes of the disease. In the study design, we evaluated demographic characteristics, clinical, laboratory and sonographic findings of 160 CCHF confirmed cases during 2003 and 2012 in Zabol (A city in Sistan and Baluchestan province of Iran). The association between these factors and the fatal outcome were evaluated by regression analysis. The disease had a fatal outcome in 7 (4.4%) patients. Females had more severe symptoms and higher odds for death (odds ratio11.57, p=0.005). Leukocytosis (p<0.001), PT (p<0.001) and PTT (p=0.008) elongation, AST (p=0.010) and ALT (p>0.001) elevation were significantly associated with fatal outcome. CNS related symptoms (odds ratio 5.9, p=0.027) in clinical examination and ascites (odds ratio 38.4, p=0.012) and liquid in the pelvic cavity (odds ratio 24.2, p=0.004) were also identified as risk factors of death in this study. Our data suggest that in addition to clinical and laboratory findings practitioners consider sonography for CCHF prognosis.

Cutaneous Findings of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever: a Study of 269 Cases.

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a zoonotic viral disease. We aimed to investigate the cutaneous manifestations of CCHF and reveal their associations with fatality. Two hundred and sixty-nine patients diagnosed with CCHF were assessed. Skin findings were observed in 170 (63.2%) patients. A facial rash was the most common cutaneous finding (n = 82, 30.5%). In severe cases, hemorrhagic cutaneous manifestations (petechiae and ecchymoses) were recognized. A statistically significant correlation was obtained between cutaneous manifestations and fatality, and it was determined that there was a strong positive correlation between fatality and ecchymosis (r = 567, p < 0.001). In addition, a logistic regression analysis was performed, and death occurred 4.69 times more in those with skin signs than in those without. We hypothesize that CCHF patients with ecchymosis are at the highest risk and that cutaneous findings can contribute to the prognosis of CCHF.

The prognostic importance of platelet indices in patients with Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever

BackgroundPlatelet count is an important tool for the diagnosis and prognosis of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF). The platelet indices plateletcrit, mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) are parameters obtained as part of the automated complete blood count. These parameters are of prognostic importance in several diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the platelet count and its relations with platelet indices in CCHF patients.MethodsOne hundred and forty-nine patients with confirmed CCHF were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups (severe cases, patients who exhibited hemorrhage during their hospital stay, and mild/moderate cases with no hemorrhage during hospital stay). The demographic characteristics and laboratory test results of all patients were compared. P < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.ResultsHemorrhaging was observed in 38.3% of patients during hospitalization. Platelet count, PCT and PDW values (respectively) on the first day of hospitalization were 43.3 ± 29.3, 0.06 ± 0.07%, and 17.4 ± 1.5% in the severe cases and 64.5 ± 35.4, 0.08 ± 0.03%, and 16.8 ± 1.5% in the mild/moderate cases, respectively (P < 0.05). The difference between MPV values was not statistically significant. At cutoff values at ROC analysis, platelet count (≤53000) and PCT(≤0.06) exhibited 73.7% and 71.9% sensitivity, respectively, and predicted a hemorrhagic disease course with a 80.9% negative predictive value. Seven of the severe patients died (P = 0.001). At cutoff values, platelet count (>31000) and PCT (>0.03) predicted patient survival with 100% specificity and 100% positive predictive value.Table 1: Demographic and laboratory characteristics of patients with severe and mild/moderate CCHFSevere cases n = 57Mild/moderate cases n = 92p-valueAge45.8 ± 15.651.8 ± 17.10.034Female, n (%)35 (61.4)38 (41.3)0.017Blood/blood product transfusion39420.007IVIG1450.002Mortality700.001PLT43.3 ± 29.364.5 ± 35.4<0.0001PCT0.06 ± 0.070.08 ± 0.030.001PDW17.4 ± 1.516.8 ± 1.50.040MPV8.6 ± 1.38.6 ± 1.20.782Conclusion Our study shows that platelet count, PCT and PDW are parameters that may be used to determine disease severity. The platelet index, and particularly PCT, may be at least as useful as platelet count in helping clinicians identify severe cases.Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Relationship between IFNA1, IFNA5, IFNA10, and IFNA17 gene polymorphisms and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever prognosis in a Turkish population range.

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a fatal emerging acute viral infection. Not much is known regarding the pathogenic mechanisms and the reasons behind severe or mild disease courses in CCHF. IFN-alpha (IFNA) is one of the essential cytokines in the immune system. Existence of single nucleotide gene polymorphisms (SNPs) in cytokines can cause susceptibility or resistance to viral agents and different clinical courses. Hence, the relationship between SNPs in genes encoding cytokines (IFNA1 -1823G/A (rs1332190), IFNA5 -2529T/A (rs758236), IFNA10 Cys20stop (rs10119910), and IFNA17 Ile184Arg (rs9298814) SNPs and disease susceptibility were investigated. The associations between SNPs and CCHF prognosis were also studied. Total 150 patients with CCHF and 170 healthy individuals were enrolled. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP methods. The frequency of IFNA1 -1823 (rs1332190) GG genotype was significantly higher in control subjects than CCHF patients (20% vs. 8%; P = 0.01). For IFNA17 Ile184Arg (rs9298814) polymorphism, CCHF patients having TG genotype had a higher frequency than the control subjects (38% vs. 32.4%; P = 0.039). The distribution of TT + TG genotype frequencies was also significantly higher in CCHF group than the controls (97.3% vs. 91.8%; P = 0.049). Genotype and allele frequencies for IFNA subtypes between fatal and survivors were the same (P > 0.05). Genotype and allele frequencies between severe and mild/moderate CCHF patients were also the same (P > 0.05). The results show that IFNA1 rs1332190 and IFNA17 rs9298814 SNPs may play an important role in CCHF susceptibility. Determining the existence of other connections for IFNA SNPs and CCHF severity and fatality requires further investigations.

Serum β-Defensin-2 Levels and Their Relationship with the Clinical Course and Prognosis in Patients with Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the clinical course and prognosis of serum levels of β-defensin-2 (BD-2) in patients with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF). Subjects and Methods: Patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology of the Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, were considered for inclusion in this study. The patients had positive real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and/or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results of the CCHF virus. There were 60 patients with CCHF in the study group and 25 healthy participants in the control group. Serum BD-2 levels were measured using ELISA. Data were analyzed using the Student t test or Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Of the 60 patients, 6 (10%) died and 54 (90%) were discharged following their recovery. The mean BD-2 level of the patient group was significantly higher (4,180.30 ± 3,944.19 pg/ml) than that of the control group (964.45 ± 266.07 pg/ml; p = 0.001). Serum BD-2 levels of the patients with fatal (1,529.81 ± 1,028.14) and nonfatal disease (4,474.80 ± 4,041.58) differed, but this difference showed only borderline significance (p = 0.055). The mean BD-2 level of the severe group was 5,507.45 ± 4,327.06 pg/ml, while it was 3,611.52 ± 3,676.73 pg/ml in the mild/moderate group, and both were significantly higher than that of the control group (p = 0.001). Conclusion: In this study, the expression of serum BD-2 was raised in patients with CCHF, and this increase may beneficially affect survival. Studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm the association of serum BD-2 with CCHF prognosis.