Creative Expertise Research Articles

Indicators of verbal creative thinking: results of a Delphi panel.

Creativity is a fundamental competence that manifests itself in various domains of knowledge, including verbal creativity. The main aim of this study was to identify indicators of verbal creativity for the assessment of three writing tasks. Sixteen multidisciplinary and international creativity experts participated in a two-stage Delphi panel. The administered questionnaire asked about the measurement or non-measurement of eight indicators of verbal creative thinking in three tasks: problem posing, creative idea generation, and idea improvement. Originality is the most important indicator of creativity. The indicators identified in the first task were fluency, flexibility, originality, elaboration, and sensitivity to problems. The second task measures flexibility, originality, elaboration, opacity, and dynamic integration. In the third task, fluency, flexibility, originality, elaboration, dynamic integration, and refinement of ideas are considered. The results of this study are key to progress in the field of measuring verbal creative thinking. The identification of indicators of the construct called verbal creativity allows the determination of its components in order to be able to estimate the creative potential in this specific domain.

How researchers can translate health evidence into books for children.

The health promotion literature that considers how scientific evidence can be effectively communicated tends to focus on evaluating the effectiveness of communication materials. This has resulted in a knowledge gap regarding effective knowledge translation processes. This study explores the process, reasoning and practices for developing books for children that incorporate evidence-based information to aid understanding of scientific evidence about health and environmental or natural disasters. This study is informed by a systematic review of the literature combined with responses to an email interview with authors of books for children. Nine published studies were included in the systematic review. Twenty-two authors responded to the email survey (25% response rate, following 86 invitations). We report seven key findings to guide the development of health-promoting books for children: (i) understand the needs and expectations of the audience, (ii) articulate the topic and research evidence, (iii) assemble a team with a mix of content knowledge and creative expertise, (iv) format should be chosen to suit the user group and guided by the creative team, (v) early testing with children and their support system is crucial, (vi) develop a dissemination strategy to reach the user group and (vii) engage in reflexivity through evaluation of effectiveness of messaging. The current investigation can guide the process, reasoning and practice of developing books for children that incorporate evidence about health and environmental disasters.

Using a model of domain learning to understand the development of creativity

Creative thinking is a process through which individuals generate ideas that are simultaneously novel and meaningful within a given social context. Historically, psychologists have closely studied the general creative capacity of young learners, as well as the domain-specific creativity of experts. However, the developmental trajectory from children’s general creativity to experts’ domain-specific creativity remains largely unmapped. In this article, we work to address this issue theoretically by drawing on one established conceptual framework of academic development, the Model of Domain Learning (MDL). The MDL contains specific hypotheses about how learners’ declarative and procedural knowledge, motivation, and performance within a domain change as they learn, and we here delineate our hypothesized ways in which creative thinking could be expected to concomitantly progress throughout that development. We suggest that domain creative thinking develops from a largely self-referenced process when domain knowledge is low, to a more highly socially-referenced process as domain knowledge grows. In addition, we argue that creativity can both support, and be supported by, domain learning and offer specific suggestions for incorporating creative thinking into instruction at each stage of domain learning. We also show that, as learners develop academically within a domain, creative thinking requires a progressively greater investment of time and effort, which contributes to the riskiness of creative innovation and the rareness of creative experts.

MiniMovers: An Initial Pilot and Feasibility Study to Investigate the Impact of a Mobile Application on Children's Motor Skills and Parent Support for Physical Development.

The MiniMovers (MM) APP combines motor development theory with creativity expertise and has been designed to provide parents with developmentally appropriate activities to support children's motor skills. This study investigates how MiniMovers activities enabled parents to support their children's physical development. Families participated in an 8-week MM programme of activities from the MM APP (Mini, Mighty and Mega levels), with pre- and post-intervention data collected using multiple tools (e.g., motion capture system, force plate, eye-tracking glasses, and videos). Mixed research methods were applied among children (N = 8; aged 21-79 months) and their parents, providing quantitative analysis on children's performance (running, throwing, jumping, kicking, balancing and catching), as well as qualitative analysis on parents' attitude and behaviour (two-weekly feedback surveys and interviews). Lab-based measures showed significant improvements in run time, underarm throwing distance, and horizontal jump distance. Test of Gross Motor Development-3 showed a significant gain in running, underarm and overarm throwing, horizontal jump and kicking. Further, developmental stages indicated significant improvements in running, kicking and catching. Parents reported increased enjoyment and knowledge, children's enjoyment, independence and confidence. This pilot study provides support for the research and development of the MM App and suggests more research into the use of APPs to support home activities among families with young children.

Faktor Rendahnya Kemampuan Literasi Bahasa Anak PAUD KB Durratul Hikmah

This exploration is expected to describe the internal and external elements apart from the reason for the low language skills in PAUD KB DURRATUL HIKMAH Balantak Area. This exploration is a fascinating test. The test subjects consist of superiors and subordinates. Data collection techniques are equipped with perceptions, interviews. The research results show that 1) the factors causing the low reading ability of teenagers include: a) Understanding of teaching staff and training in relation to the development of school education. b) students. 2) External factors that cause students' low reading ability include: a). the family climate is less stable, especially interest in reading in the family is still low and most parents rarely take their students to the bookstore h. b) less creative experts. c) the child himself. d) the impact of sitting in front of the TV and using a cell phone.

РОЛЬ КРЕАТИВНИХ ФЕСТИВАЛІВ У РОЗВИТКУ КОМУНІКАЦІЙНО-РЕКЛАМНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В УКРАЇНІ

The article reveals the role and significance of creative festivals in the development of communication and advertising activities in Ukraine and the impact of jury awards on the overall rating of agencies. It has been established that the evaluation of projects by participants of creative festivals is carried out according to various criteria: creativity, originality, effectiveness, efficiency, innovation, strategy, quality of execution, compliance with client goals, impact on the brand (business, culture, society), etc. The basic criteria for evaluating projects of participants in international and Ukrainian creative festivals have been analyzed. The system of scoring for the participation of domestic communication agencies in national and international creative festivals has been studied. The methodology for calculating the national rating "Communication Agency of the Year" has been described, which is based on the ratings "National Creativity Rating" (Creativity&Craft) and "National Effectiveness Rating" (Effectiveness) with the application of weight coefficients. Creative festivals are events organized to review and evaluate creativity, innovation, and creativity in various fields. Communication agencies, creative teams and independent creative experts present their projects or ideas to the jury. The use of creative and original approaches by agencies to capture and retain the attention of clients led to the idea of launching a specialized advertising festival at the Cannes Film Festival (Cannes Lions). The first Lions were awarded in Venice in 1954. The second festival was held in Monte Carlo, and the third in Cannes. After that, the international event was alternately held in Venice and Cannes, and since 1984, Cannes has been the sole venue. A new trend emerged, and other creative festivals gradually began to appear, such as: Clio Awards (1959), D&AD (Design and Art Direction) (1962), Effie Worldwide (1968), The One Show (1975), LIA (London International Awards) (1986), Epica Awards (1987), Eurobest (1988), ADCE Awards (Art Directors Club of Europe) (1990), Golden Drum (1993).

Creativity at rest: Exploring functional network connectivity of creative experts.

The neuroscience of creativity seeks to disentangle the complex brain processes that underpin the generation of novel ideas. Neuroimaging studies of functional connectivity, particularly functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), have revealed individual differences in brain network organization associated with creative ability; however, much of the extant research is limited to laboratory-based divergent thinking measures. To overcome these limitations, we compare functional brain connectivity in a cohort of creative experts (n = 27) and controls (n = 26) and examine links with creative behavior. First, we replicate prior findings showing reduced connectivity in visual cortex related to higher creative performance. Second, we examine whether this result is driven by integrated or segregated connectivity. Third, we examine associations between functional connectivity and vivid distal simulation separately in creative experts and controls. In accordance with past work, our results show reduced connectivity to the primary visual cortex in creative experts at rest. Additionally, we observe a negative association between distal simulation vividness and connectivity to the lateral visual cortex in creative experts. Taken together, these results highlight connectivity profiles of highly creative people and suggest that creative thinking may be related to, though not fully redundant with, the ability to vividly imagine the future.

Knowledge clustering and the acquisition of creative expertise: Comment on “Musical engagement as a duet of tight synchrony and loose interpretability” by Tal-Chen Rabinowitch

Knowledge clustering and the acquisition of creative expertise: Comment on “Musical engagement as a duet of tight synchrony and loose interpretability” by Tal-Chen Rabinowitch

Intervention design in public health: adaptive messaging in the Tanzanian National Sanitation Campaign.

Few case studies exist in the public health or design literatures showing how to create national scale messaging campaigns in low-income countries using design processes. In this paper, we describe how we used Behaviour Centred Design to develop Nyumba ni choo, the Tanzanian National Sanitation Campaign. The process involved multiple iterations of ideation and filtration by professional creatives, government staff, academics and sanitation specialists to create a branded mass communication campaign, which was refreshed annually. The campaign was based on the insight that Tanzania is modernizing rapidly, with people upgrading their homes, but leaving their outside toilets in a 'traditional' state. Built around the 'big idea' that a household is not fully modern without a good-quality, modern toilet, the campaign employed reality TV shows, live engagements and mass and digital media postings, all targeted at motivating both the government and general population to improve toilets. The campaign has made toilets a topic of national conversation and has led to a major uptick in the rate of toilet building. Efforts to improve public health-related behaviour can be enhanced by using systematic approaches that build on available evidence, understand behaviour in its common settings, employ psychological theory and engage creative expertise.

Creativity and gaze behaviour in football

Performing creative actions is considered a decisive element in football. Recent studies have suggested that football players’ creativity is underpinned by a specific visual search strategy (e.g., Roca et al., 2021). Specifically, studies showed that players who scored high in a football-specific creativity task used more fixations of shorter durations than players who scored low. In the creativity task, players were asked to name as many solution ideas as possible. From an applied perspective, the questions arise: is this gaze strategy generally beneficial to perform creative actions? Should this gaze pattern be trained to improve creativity?
 In contrast to the idea of one single creativity-related gaze pattern, eye-tracking research in sports suggests that optimal gaze behaviour is highly dependent on situational task demands (Vater et al., 2020). Moreover, generally increasing the number of short fixations is expected to be dysfunctional to both motor accuracy and to the perception of task-relevant opportunities due to saccade-related costs. Accordingly, we hypothesized that many fixations of short duration are positively associated with players’ ability to generate many ideas in the specific creativity task but not with performing creative actions.
 Fifteen footballers participated in an experiment with two conditions. In one condition (DT-condition), we replicated Roca et al.’s studies: participants stood in front of a large screen and with a ball in front of them. They were asked to view 20 videos of attacking situations and imagine themselves as the player in ball possession. At key moments of the situation, the videos were occluded. At this point, players’ task was to physically play the ball and verbally confirm their decision. Subsequently, the last frame of the video reappeared, and their task was to name as many solution ideas as possible within 45 s. Moreover, a second condition was added (action-condition). While the first part of the task remained identical, the last frame did not reappear after playing the ball. In the action condition, the task-instruction was—as in a real game—to perform the most promising solution. In both conditions, eye tracking data were recorded.
 Results indicate that many fixations of short durations were linked to generating more ideas in the DT-condition—replicating Roca et al.’s (2021) finding—, however, not with performing creative solutions in the action-condition. As predicted, in the action-condition, the pattern was reversed: Players that performed more functional and creative actions used less fixations per second. For practice the results challenge the idea of training a specific creativity-related gaze pattern to improve creativity. Rather, our findings suggest that training should provide learning opportunities to acquire functional gaze strategies that are optimally adapted to situational task demands.
 References
 Roca, A., Ford, P. R., & Memmert, D. (2021). Perceptual-cognitive processes underlying creative expert performance in soccer. Psychological Research, 85(3), 1146–1155. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-020-01320-5
 Vater, C., Williams, A. M., & Hossner, E.-J. (2020). What do we see out of the corner of our eye? The role of visual pivots and gaze anchors in sport. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 13(1), 81–103. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2019.1582082

The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Juridical Activities

The paper discusses the use of artificial intelligence technology in legal activities. The author examines the problem of differentiating between weak and strong artificial intelligence. Attention is focused on the possibility of creating a superintelligence in the future, which already creates the need for scientists to pay close attention to the issues of introducing a system of ethical values into artificial intelligence. The paper highlights the problems of creating datasets necessary for training neural networks intended for the use in legal practice, as well as their quality. The author analyzes specific examples of the use of artificial intelligence systems in domestic and foreign legal practice. The author also justifies the possibility of considering the use of artificial intelligence as a separate type of legal technology. It is concluded that despite the large number of developments successfully used in legal practice based on artificial intelligence systems, they are all examples of weak artificial intelligence and act only as a means of increasing the efficiency of a lawyer, but do not replace it. The future of legal activities will be associated with an effective combination of artificial intelligence functionality and creative expert professional skills of a lawyer.

Creative idea forecasting: The effect of task exposure on idea evaluation.

History is replete with cases in which people have failed to recognize creative ideas generated by others. In various settings, people are responsible for evaluating ideas generated by others while not being involved in the idea generation process, and thus not exposed to the task. However, little is known on how this lack of task exposure affects creative forecasting. This study therefore examines the effect of task exposure on creative idea evaluation using 1864 German students who evaluated ideas on their creativity, originality and feasibility. Their ratings were compared to ratings by content and creativity experts. The students were randomly assigned to one of the following conditions: task exposure (i.e., they had to generate and evaluate ideas for the same task) or no task exposure (i.e., they had to generate ideas for a different task than the idea evaluation task). The results show that task exposure improves students' ability to accurately recognize creative and original ideas, and their ability to discriminate between highly feasible and unfeasible ideas. As such, these findings suggest that task exposure is beneficial to creative idea forecasting. Together, the results highlight the importance of carefully reconsidering whether people should be exposed to a task before evaluating others' ideas.

국어교사 창의융합교수역량 검사 개발 및 타당화

The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a test to measure the creative confluence teaching competency of Korean language teachers. Therefore, the components and sub-variables of the creative confluence teaching competency that Korean language teachers should have were derived and completed through the validation process. First, the concept and components of the Korean language teacher's creative confluence teaching competency, which was first derived through FGI, were identified. Second, the validity of the components (four competency groups, seven competencies 12 sub-competency) and 34 measurement items were confirmed through the expert content validity. Third, the data of 200 students collected from Korean teachers were processed by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and the data of 202 students was analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). As a result of this study, the statistical fitness level of the measurement model was confirmed, and the construct validity was secured by confirming the convergent validity and discriminant validity. Cross-validity between sex, age and group of affiliation was also identified. Therefore, the test of the Korean language teacher's creative confluence teaching competency developed in this study was confirmed to be four competency groups: the Korean language teacher's creative confluence expertise, the creative confluence Korean language class design competence, the creative confluence Korean language class execution competence, and the creative confluence Korean language class evaluation competence.

Creative industries and resilience in times of crisis: the role of firm and entrepreneurial team characteristics

PurposeThis paper aims to identify firm and entrepreneurial team characteristics that may contribute to resilience in the creative industries (CI) under adverse economic conditions.Design/methodology/approachIt provides case study evidence based on 19 in-depth interviews with small and young creative enterprises in Greece in 2014 that is at the peak of the Greek economic crisis. New information was collected from two follow-up waves conducted in 2017 and during the recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic crisis.FindingsThe results suggest that highly internationalized entrepreneurial teams with extensive working and studying experience abroad, which also combine creative expertise with managerial and marketing expertise, are key resilience drivers during economic downturns. Moreover, being export-oriented, serving a diverse customer base and investing in digital technologies seem to allow CI firms to effectively adapt to challenging conditions.Originality/valueThis study adds to the firm-level research on the resilience drivers of small and young enterprises in the CI context. It proposes and empirically tests a conceptual framework to advance the limited knowledge on entrepreneurship and resilience patterns in the CI during crisis periods, emphasizing specific entrepreneurial team and firm characteristics.

Creativity, Boredom Proneness and Well-Being in the Pandemic.

Throughout the course of the pandemic, it has become clear that the strictures of social isolation and various levels of lockdown constraints have impacted people’s well-being. Here, our aim was to explore relations between trait dispositions associated with boredom proneness, self-regulation and well-being using data collected early in the pandemic. Specifically, we explored whether the tendency to engage in everyday creative pursuits (e.g., making your own greeting cards) would act as a prophylactic against poor well-being. Results showed that well-being was higher for those individuals who increased engagement with creative pursuits during the early stages of the pandemic. That is, people who engaged more in everyday creative activities also reported higher levels of self-esteem, optimism, and positive affect. In contrast, those who pursued fewer creative outlets had higher levels of depression and anxiety, were higher in boredom proneness, and reported experiencing more negative affect. As we emerge from the pandemic, these data provide a clue as to how people might plan to cope adaptively with the restrictive circumstances this extreme world event engendered. More generally, these data provide support for the notion that everyday creativity (and not necessarily creative expertise) has positive associations for well-being.

Children as innovators: harnessing the creative expertise of children to address practical and psychosocial challenges of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic - COVISION study protocol.

Background: We are currently in a period of transition, from the pre-COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) era and the initial reactive lockdowns, to now the ongoing living with and potentially the after COVID-19 period. Each country is at its own individual stage of this transition, but many have gone through a period of feeling adrift; disconnected from normal lives, habits and routines, finding oneself betwixt and between stages, similar to that of liminality. Children and young people have been particularly affected. Aim: To increase the understanding of home and community-based strategies that contribute to children and young people's capacity to adjust to societal changes, both during and after pandemics. Moreover, to identify ways in which children's actions contribute to the capacity of others to adjust to the changes arising from the pandemic. The potential for these activities to influence and contribute to broader social mobilisation will be examined and promoted. Research design: To achieve the aim of this study, a participatory health research approach will be taken. The overarching theoretical framework of the COVISION study is that of liminality. The study design includes four work packages: two syntheses of literature (a rapid realist review and scoping review) to gain an overview of the emerging international context of evidence of psychosocial mitigations and community resilience in pandemics, and more specifically COVID-19; qualitative exploration of children and young people's perspective of COVID-19 via creative outlets and reflections; and participatory learning and action through co-production.

Project Based Learning on Creative Economy Competence at Vocational Schools in Bali

This study aims to analyze the implementation and implementation of industrial working practices (Prakerin) based on project-based blended learning in the field of creative economy expertise at Vocational Schools in Bali Province during the new normal. Industrial work practices (Prakerin) improve students' competence in work experience in the working world industry (IDUKA). The research model uses a qualitative method with a case study. This method is intended to know in depth the implementation of industry work practices (prakterin) based on project based learning online or offline in SMK Bali Province. The research began through direct observation (observation) of the activities of the implementation of industry work practices based on blended learning projects in SmK Bali Province. Data collection techniques are carried out through in-depth interviews with informants who are directly involved in industry work practice activities (prakerin) based on blended learning projects. The research location was conducted at SMKN 1 Sukowati, Bali, SMKN 2 Negara Bali, SMKN 3 Denpasar and SMKN 5 Denpasar Bali Province. The results of this study indicate that: 1) The conditions for implementing project based learning Prakerin are constrained by the limitations of face-to-face learning activities in education units; (2) Project-based, blended learning-based Industrial Work Practice is one solution as a form of student industrial work practice program using online learning as well as face-to-face teaching and collaboration to design, repeat, and complete project-based learning tasks or creative economy products; (3) The industrial work practice curriculum is the result of synchronizing the curriculum in the education unit with the industrial working world curriculum (IDUKA).

Children as innovators: harnessing the creative expertise of children to address practical and psychosocial challenges of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic – COVISION study protocol

Background: We are currently in a period of transition, from the pre-COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) era and the initial reactive lockdowns, to now the ongoing living with and potentially the after COVID-19 period. Each country is at its own individual stage of this transition, but many have gone through a period of feeling adrift; disconnected from normal lives, habits and routines, finding oneself betwixt and between stages, similar to that of liminality. Children and young people have been particularly affected. Aim: To increase the understanding of home and community-based strategies that contribute to children and young people’s capacity to adjust to societal changes, both during and after pandemics. Moreover, to identify ways in which children’s actions contribute to the capacity of others to adjust to the changes arising from the pandemic. The potential for these activities to influence and contribute to broader social mobilisation will be examined and promoted. Research design: To achieve the aim of this study, a participatory health research approach will be taken. The overarching theoretical framework of the COVISION study is that of liminality. The study design includes four work packages: two syntheses of literature (a rapid realist review and scoping review) to gain an overview of the emerging international context of evidence of psychosocial mitigations and community resilience in pandemics, and more specifically COVID-19; qualitative exploration of children and young people’s perspective of COVID-19 via creative outlets and reflections; and participatory learning and action through co-production.

Understanding ideational fluency as a survival process.

When students generate ideas, important inter-individual variance exists both in the quantity and the quality of ideas they are able to produce (e.g., perfectionists who have few highly creative ideas or mass producers who produce a lot of uncreative ideas). In educational psychology research on creativity, the relation between the quantity and quality of ideas has not been well understood, limiting progress in this area. We conceptualized Ideational Fluency as a phenomenon that requires participants to 'survive' to produce more ideas, and where dropping out of the ideational process was analogous to 'dying'. Using this novel paradigm, we aimed to test the relations among Fluency (as a dependent variable); and creative Expertise, Originality and self-reported Personality attributes (as independent variables). Participants were drawn from three groups: those with demonstrated expertise in stage or screen acting (n = 104); undergraduates being trained in the same domain (n = 100), and adults with no acting training or experience (n = 92). Participants responded to the Alternate Uses Task; Non-parametric and semi-parametric survival models were fit to their Ideational Fluency; and average and maximum Originality scores, as well as self-reported Personality attributes, were used as covariates. Across all participants, the Ideational Fluency survival function showed an S-shape, but the Expertise grouping interacted with that pattern. The survival rate of professional actors decreased more rapidly during the first few ideas, but after the 5th idea, professional actors displayed a clear advantage in survival rate. Participants who were less original on average but who showed a high maximum Originality, as well as those participants who reported more Assertiveness and less Industriousness, also survived further into the Ideational process. Contrary to our hypothesis, professional actors' advantage in Fluency did not manifest in the survival model until after the 5th idea generated. A quantity-quality trade-off was observed with average Originality being associated with shorter survival, but that trade-off was not observed with maximum Originality, which was associated with longer survival.

Children as innovators: harnessing the creative expertise of children to address practical and psychosocial challenges of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic – COVISION study protocol

Background:We are currently in a period of transition, from the pre-COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) era and the initial reactive lockdowns, to now the ongoing living with and potentially the after COVID-19 period. Each country is at its own individual stage of this transition, but many have gone through a period of feeling adrift; disconnected from normal lives, habits and routines, finding oneself betwixt and between stages, similar to that of liminality. Children and young people have been particularly affected.Aim:To increase the understanding of home and community-based strategies that contribute to children and young people’s capacity to adjust to societal changes, both during and after pandemics. Moreover, to identify ways in which children’s actions contribute to the capacity of others to adjust to the changes arising from the pandemic. The potential for these activities to influence and contribute to broader social mobilisation will be examined and promoted.Research design:To achieve the aim of this study, a participatory health research approach will be taken. The overarching theoretical framework of the COVISION study is that of liminality. The study design includes four work packages: two syntheses of literature (a rapid realist review and scoping review) to gain an overview of the emerging international context of evidence of psychosocial mitigations and community resilience in pandemics, and more specifically COVID-19; qualitative explorationof children and young people’s perspective of COVID-19viacreative outlets and reflections; and participatory learning and action through co-production.