Creation Of Circuits Research Articles

Small Historical Centres and Their Connection with The Landscape: Fragility and Complexity in Italian Contexts

This paper addresses the issues of fragility and complexity of small towns, particularly regarding the Italian case. Results define a possible conjunction between the landscape historical characteristics and the creation of circuits for the usability of smaller centres that can be connected to each other, based on their features. A prototype schedule, including GIS elaboration, is the novel proposal illustrated in the paper: it derives from the investigation carried out within the Working Group of the Italian Ministry of Culture, aimed at defining a Charter for Small Villages. The approach innovativeness consists in the comparison methodology between different landscape units that can also be extended to similar cases, defined on the basis of the involved factors matrix.

Design and implementation of an IoT monitoring system for the optimization of solar stills for water desalination

The project "Design and Implementation of an IoT Monitoring System for the Optimization of Solar Distillers in Water Desalination" sought to improve the efficiency of desalination in La Guajira, a region with critical water scarcity. The objective was to develop an IoT system to optimize solar stills, offering a sustainable solution. A prototype solar still with IoT monitoring was built. The study included the creation of circuits to integrate sensors and an HTML dashboard to visualize real-time variables, such as internal and external temperatures, humidity, and water level in the basin, facilitating the calculation of efficiency. The IoT monitoring system proved to be effective in increasing efficiency and providing valuable data for design decisions, marking a step towards water autonomy.

Development of a Hydraulic Damping Device to Protect a Centrifugal Pump

This study focuses on the utilization of hydraulic accumulators to mitigate hydraulic shock. The pressure energy within the system is converted into compressed gas energy in the accumulator. This continuous conversion between the two forms of energy allows for the absorption of hydraulic shock force, thereby ensuring system stability. The study involved the creation of experimental circuits, which were tested both with and without the inclusion of a hydraulic accumulator. The results confirmed that the accumulator has a substantial impact on reducing hydraulic shock phenomena. The study's findings demonstrate that the shocks in the hydraulic system can be efficiently managed by selecting an appropriate inflation pressure for the accumulator and utilizing various connection line data.

Patterned Micro Flexible Supercapacitors based on the Rapid Transfer-Printing Method.

Developing a simple and rapidly preparative method for patterned flexible supercapacitors is essential and indispensable for the swift advancement of portable devices integrated with micro devices. In this study, we employed a cost-effective and rapid fabrication method based on transfer-printing technology to produce patterned micro flexible supercapacitors with various substrates. The resulting flexible micro supercapacitors not only allow for customized patterns with strong flexibility and resistance to bending, while maintaining a certain level of performance, but also facilitate the creation of diverse circuits to tailor voltage and current to specific requirements. Patterned micro flexible supercapacitors with a thickness of 0.02 mm, based on accordion-like Ti3C2Tx MXene materials coated on a substrate, demonstrate a specific capacitance of 142.7 mF cm-2 at 0.5 mA cm-2. The devices exhibit satisfactory capacitance retention (91% after 5000 cycles) and superb mechanical flexibility (71% capacitance retention at 180° bending after 2000 cycles). At a power density of 2.9 mW cm-2, the energy density of the sandwich structure device reaches 126.8 μWh cm-2. This study is expected to contribute new ideas for the design and preparation of patterned flexible supercapacitors.

Design of Reversible Quantum Vigenere Cryptographic Cipher in QCA and IBMQ Platforms for Secure Nanocommunication

Using cryptography correctly is crucial in the current situation to safeguard data and ensure data security during data transfer. In this digital era, messages must be appropriately encrypted and decoded to prevent data misuse and ensure its accessibility to the intended recipient. Conventional cryptography techniques mostly depend on the mathematical intricacy of the encoding functions and the shared key. One such encoding approach that we may take into consideration is the Vigenere cipher algorithm. In this study, we want to apply this strategy utilizing reversible logic with the assistance of two helpful tools, namely, IBM Quantum (IBMQ) and QCADesigner. The encoder and decoder circuits for the Vigenere cipher are therefore proposed in this work in QCADesigner by utilizing Peres and DG gates in quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) that consist of a single layer with 42 cells for encryption and 47 cells for decryption. The proposed circuit outperforms the existing ones concerning area, cell count and latency. Given that the layouts’ energy consumption is assessed, it is guaranteed that the QCA nanodevice might serve as a stand-in platform for the creation of reversible circuits. The same simulation outcome was also obtained while building the identical circuits in a quantum presentation using IBMQ. The two applications are closely connected and both rely on quantum concepts. The outcomes are therefore verified for each of the two situations. The reversible Vigenere cipher technique enhances data security. Further sophisticated low-power nanoscale lossless nanocommunication architecture may be created with the help of the suggested circuits.

Advancing Network Infrastructure: Integrating VXLAN Technology with Automated Circuit Operations and NOS Configurations

Enhancing network infrastructure is achieved through integrating VXLAN technology, Python-automated circuit operations, and Ansible-driven Network Operating System (NOS) configurations, complemented by GitHub for reliable configuration backups. VXLAN, a robust network virtualization protocol, addresses the challenges of managing extensive network segments. Python scripts facilitate the automated analysis, creation, and management of network circuits, significantly boosting efficiency and accuracy. Ansible, a powerful automation tool, is employed to streamline NOS configurations, ensuring consistency and reducing manual overhead in network settings. Concurrently, GitHub, working in tandem with crontab scheduling, offers a dependable platform for the automated, regular backup of configurations, thus enhancing network resilience and simplifying recovery processes. The collective implementation of VXLAN, Python, and Ansible automation, along with GitHub for configuration management, marks a notable advancement in operational efficiency, underscoring their importance as critical components in the modernization and security of network infrastructures.

Financing for sustainable food systems: The role of the vending sector

The agribusiness sector needs substantial funding to initiate an ecological transition involving healthy diets and the creation of local circuits and linkages. One sector that has yet to be studied from this perspective is vending, whose importance is confirmed by its profits, especially in Italy. At present, the vending sector cannot be considered sustainable as it rarely contributes to the development of healthy diets and local economies with low environmental impact. There are cases of products with suitable characteristics that can push the sector towards more sustainable dynamics, but such products often do not achieve the success they deserve for various socioeconomic reasons. Access to financial investment or alternative modes of financing could help small and medium-sized enterprises in the sector overcome these difficulties.

Exploring ab initio machine synthesis of quantum circuits

Gate-level quantum circuits are often derived manually from higher level algorithms. While this suffices for small implementations and demonstrations, ultimately automatic circuit design will be required to realise complex algorithms using hardware-specific operations and connectivity. Therefore, ab initio creation of circuits within a machine, either a classical computer or a hybrid quantum–classical device, is of key importance. We explore a range of established and novel techniques for the synthesis of new circuit structures, the optimisation of parameterised circuits, and the efficient removal of low-value gates via the quantum geometric tensor. Using these techniques we tackle the tasks of automatic encoding of unitary processes and translation (recompilation) of a circuit from one form to another. Using emulated quantum computers with various noise-free gate sets we provide simple examples involving up to 10 qubits, corresponding to 20 qubits in the augmented space we use. Further applications of specific relevance to chemistry modelling are considered in a sister paper, ‘Exploiting subspace constraints and ab initio variational methods for quantum chemistry’. The emulation environments used were QuEST, QuESTlink and pyQuEST. All resources will be made openly accessible and are currently available upon request.

Inside Cover: Reactive Superhydrophobic Surfaces for Interlayer Electrical Connectivity in Three‐dimensional Electronics (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 30/2023)

A new type of amine-reactive superhydrophobic film that is facilely coated on various substrates is reported by Xinjian Xie and Wenqian Feng in their Research Article (e202302837). The remarkable spatial controllability of surface amine modification is shown, enabling the facile creation of vertical circuits. This discovery provides a distinct approach to establish interlayer electrical connectivity (IEC) within 3D electronic systems.

Innentitelbild: Reactive Superhydrophobic Surfaces for Interlayer Electrical Connectivity in Three‐dimensional Electronics (Angew. Chem. 30/2023)

A new type of amine-reactive superhydrophobic film that is facilely coated on various substrates is reported by Xinjian Xie and Wenqian Feng in their Research Article (e202302837). The remarkable spatial controllability of surface amine modification is shown, enabling the facile creation of vertical circuits. This discovery provides a distinct approach to establish interlayer electrical connectivity (IEC) within 3D electronic systems.

A Pandemia COVID-19 e a Organização dos Serviços de Saúde Pediátricos em Portugal - um prisma Médico

The COVID-19 pandemic presents a new and significant infection control challenge within healthcare units. Therefore, there was a need to reorganize and restructure the Pediatric Services nationwide whilst establishing efficient protection measures. This study aims to portray physicians perspective on their hospitals measures implemented during early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Analytical cross-sectional study conducted to Pediatricians and Pediatrics Residents concerning the month of April of 2020. It was based on an anonymous and confidential survey applying a Likert Scale of 5 level points of agreement. Inferential and descriptive analysis resorting to SPSS®26 (p=0.05). Total of 113 respondents, 67% Pediatricians; 92% working in National Health Service (n=104). In 66% of the sample the reorganization was considerate adequate, with creation of protocols before the officials in 50%, team division in 48%, 60% turnover. The articulation with Public Health was possible (77%) and adequate (56%). Restructure and creation of circuits in 90%, physical division of all sectors in 67%, considered safe and adequate in 80%. Protection include training on Personal Protection Equipment (75%) and SARS-CoV-2 jab (47%). Personal Protection Equipment: complete 47%, rationing 70%, self-acquired 26%. In response to COVID-19, the adjustment of Pediatric Services showed a higher degree of adaptation and adequacy proportional to the availability of material and individualization of separated workspaces. The greatest deficiencies were found at the level of Personal Protection Equipment, namely with rationing or need for acquisition by professionals.

A pandemia COVID-19 e a Organização dos Serviços de Saúde Pediátricos em Portugal - um prisma médico

The COVID-19 pandemic presents a new and significant infection control challenge within healthcare units. Therefore, there was a need to reorganize and restructure the Pediatric Services nationwide whilst establishing efficient protection measures. This study aims to portray physicians perspective on their hospitals measures implemented during early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Analytical cross-sectional study conducted to Pediatricians and Pediatrics Residents concerning the month of April of 2020. It was based on an anonymous and confidential survey applying a Likert Scale of 5 level points of agreement. Inferential and descriptive analysis resorting to SPSS®26 (p=0.05). Total of 113 respondents, 67% Pediatricians; 92% working in National Health Service (n=104). In 66% of the sample the reorganization was considerate adequate, with creation of protocols before the officials in 50%, team division in 48%, 60% turnover. The articulation with Public Health was possible (77%) and adequate (56%). Restructure and creation of circuits in 90%, physical division of all sectors in 67%, considered safe and adequate in 80%. Protection include training on Personal Protection Equipment (75%) and SARS-CoV-2 jab (47%). Personal Protection Equipment: complete 47%, rationing 70%, self-acquired 26%. In response to COVID-19, the adjustment of Pediatric Services showed a higher degree of adaptation and adequacy proportional to the availability of material and individualization of separated workspaces. The greatest deficiencies were found at the level of Personal Protection Equipment, namely with rationing or need for acquisition by professionals.

Construction of a Versatile, Programmable RNA-Binding Protein Using Designer PPR Proteins and Its Application for Splicing Control in Mammalian Cells.

RNAs play many essential roles in gene expression and are involved in various human diseases. Although genome editing technologies have been established, the engineering of sequence-specific RNA-binding proteins that manipulate particular cellular RNA molecules is immature, in contrast to nucleotide-based RNA manipulation technology, such as siRNA- and RNA-targeting CRISPR/Cas. Here, we demonstrate a versatile RNA manipulation technology using pentatricopeptide-repeat (PPR)-motif-containing proteins. First, we developed a rapid construction and evaluation method for PPR-based designer sequence-specific RNA-binding proteins. This system has enabled the steady construction of dozens of functional designer PPR proteins targeting long 18 nt RNA, which targets a single specific RNA in the mammalian transcriptome. Furthermore, the cellular functionality of the designer PPR proteins was first demonstrated by the control of alternative splicing of either a reporter gene or an endogenous CHK1 mRNA. Our results present a versatile protein-based RNA manipulation technology using PPR proteins that facilitates the understanding of unknown RNA functions and the creation of gene circuits and has potential for use in future therapeutics.

Design of Polymer-Based Trigate Nanoscale FinFET for the Implementation of Two-Stage Operational Amplifier

The major motivation behind transistor scaling is the requirement for high-speed transistors with lower fabrication costs. When the fin thickness or breadth is smaller than 10 nm in a trigate FET, charges travel in a nonconfined fashion, resulting in the creation of energy subbands and causing volume inversion. In comparison to the carrier near a surface inversion layer, volume inversion experiences less interface scattering. In large-scale integrations, we have focused on developing a 3D model for surface potential by establishing the three-dimensional Poison’s equation and building a unique fin field-effect transistor (FinFET) structure. In this context, there is a growing interest in developing a low-cost, simple solution that combines plastic (polymer) as a substrate and organic materials to create electronics such as monitors and sensors. The research examines characteristics such as silicon width, oxide thickness, doping concentration, metal work-function about gate, and various surface potentials. For different circuit configurations, it also examines the DC and AC characteristics of the FinFET structure. A differential amplifier is built for RF application based on the device specifications. This work is aimed at improving the semiconductor design structure by adjusting device parameters, analyzing the results, establishing the best FinFET device preferences, and selecting an application for the optimized device. The 3D Poisson’s equation may be used to create an analytical model of a trigate nanosize FinFET, which can then be tested using a TCAD simulator. By constructing such a FinFET, we can structure and analyze various electrostatic parameters. To facilitate the creation of FinFET-based circuits, including product development, a novel transistor needs a creative device basis. The infrastructure’s support denotes a computationally advantageous numerical model that accurately depicts a FinFET. The work presents a compact model for semiconductor manufacturing that permits separate IC productions while achieving higher levels of excellence and using less power. The design outperforms the CMOS by 22.7% in gain, 31.48% in power consumption, and 12.72% in CMRR, while operating at a 5 GHz unity gain frequency.

A pathway independent multi-modular ordered control system based on thermosensors and CRISPRi improves bioproduction in Bacillus subtilis.

Dynamic regulation is an effective strategy for control of gene expression in microbial cell factories. In some pathway contexts, several metabolic modules must be controlled in a time dependent or ordered manner to maximize production, while the creation of genetic circuits with ordered regulation capacity still remains a great challenge. In this work, we develop a pathway independent and programmable system that enables multi-modular ordered control of metabolism in Bacillus subtilis. First, a series of thermosensors were created and engineered to expand their thresholds. Then we designed single-input-multi-output circuits for ordered control based on the use of thermosensors with different transition points. Meanwhile, a repression circuit was constructed by combining CRISPRi-based NOT gates. As a proof-of-concept, these genetic circuits were applied for multi-modular ordered control of 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL) biosynthesis, resulting in a production of 1839.7 mg/l in shake flask, which is 5.16-times that of the parental strain. In a 5-l bioreactor, the 2′-FL titer reached 28.2 g/l with down-regulation of autolysis. Taken together, this work provides programmable and versatile thermosensitive genetic toolkits for dynamic regulation in B. subtilis and a multi-modular ordered control framework that can be used to improve metabolic modules in other chassis cells and for other compounds.

Training Gaussian boson sampling by quantum machine learning

We use neural networks to represent the characteristic function of many-body Gaussian states in the quantum phase space. By a pullback mechanism, we model transformations due to unitary operators as linear layers that can be cascaded to simulate complex multi-particle processes. We use the layered neural networks for non-classical light propagation in random interferometers, and compute boson pattern probabilities by automatic differentiation. This is a viable strategy for training Gaussian boson sampling. We demonstrate that multi-particle events in Gaussian boson sampling can be optimized by a proper design and training of the neural network weights. The results are potentially useful to the creation of new sources and complex circuits for quantum technologies.

Heritage Management: Analytical Study of Tourism Impacts on the Archaeological Site of Umm Qais—Jordan

The archaeological site of Umm Qais is a popular tourist destination for both local and foreign tourists who come to appreciate the site’s archaeological history, scenic landscape, and panoramic perspective. The site was the focus of tourism planning, which included the construction of amenities and infrastructure, the creation of tourist circuits, and archaeological management. This development was linked to a rise in visitor numbers as well as the provision of a high level of service, such as parking, tickets, kiosks, restaurants, and cafés, to welcome visitors. The purpose of this study was to examine the impacts of on-site tourist services and infrastructures, as well as those of visitors, and their geographical and temporal scope on the site. The study used a qualitative approach based on case study fieldwork as a research method to achieve this goal. Personal observation, interviews with site-related stakeholders, and a checklist were used to collect data during the fieldwork. Both tourism infrastructure and visitors were proven to have a detrimental influence on tourist attractions. The site’s aesthetic pollution and structural deterioration were caused by tourism services and infrastructure. Graffiti, vandalism, and trash left by visitors exerted strong negative impacts. Furthermore, spatial and temporal negative impacts were determined by the patterns of seasonal movement of visitors and the location of infrastructure. Thus, most of the impacts were concentrated in a small portion of the site, among the western theater, the panoramic view, and the traditional Ottoman village. This research sheds light on these challenges and makes recommendations in the areas of heritage management, tourism, and visitor impact management that may be of interest to on-the-ground decision makers as well as academics.

Design of Construction and Controlling of Automation Technics in Order to Improve Skills of Students

Abstract The article summarizes the experience, skills of the students of technical subjects teaching methodologies using a number of software products. Solve specific assigned tasks described in this paper. Task is about the problems of automation and mechanization in the industry. That helps to improve the skills of praxis, through the design of construction and of controlling. Specifically it focuses on introducing automation in the wood industry. Article describes the design of the automation process for marking wooden hammers. Similar problems are solved by students in Computer Aided (CA) systems. The control process of automation is realized through the electro-pneumatic circuits. These circuits are creating in software FluidSIM 4 that is used as a simulation tool. FluidSIM 4 is comprehensive software for creation, simulation, instruction and study of electro-pneumatic, electro-hydraulic and digital circuits.

P09.02 Impact of COVID-19 in Portuguese Lung Cancer Patients’ Treatment: Portuguese Lung Cancer Study Group Survey

The first patient with COVID-19 in Portugal was diagnosed on March 2. There was a lack of knowledge concerning the risks of COVID-19 infection in lung cancer patients, prognostic factors, the influence of cancer treatments and cure criteria. Treatments and consultations were readjusted in order to maintain the ones that increase patients’ survival, while reducing the risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection. International and national “guidelines” were followed, but each hospital had its own strategies to reduce COVID-19 risk. Purpose: The Portuguese Lung Cancer Study Group launched a survey in order to study the early impact of COVID-19 in lung cancer patients, changes in treatments and the way of implementation of COVID-free circuits. A survey was sent to lung cancer doctors of all the Portuguese hospitals. At the data cut-off, information from twenty one hospitals was collected, corresponding to about 66% (n=3.446) of each year new diagnoses of lung cancer in Portugal. In March and April there was a reduction in newly lung cancer diagnosed patients while comparing with 2019: in March, 86% had a reduction; in April, 90% of the hospitals reported a reduction and it was greater than 40% in eight hospitals (38%). About 62% of the doctors considered less referral from primary care as a cause, and 33% delayed biopsies or other imaging exams. The most difficult exams to obtain were CT guided biopsies and EBUS for 48%. The majority of the hospitals (57%) were also referral for COVID-19 patients’ treatment. In 48% of the lung cancer treating departments’ there were doctors reallocated to COVID-19 treatment areas. In 48% the assistance teams were divided into teams that weren’t previously working together. The majority of doctors (90%) reported having individual protection equipment available. Hospitals performed teleconsultation (100%), and, in seven hospitals (33%), more than half of the consultations were done using communication technology. All the hospitals were able to perform SARS-CoV-2 testing. It was done before every cycle of chemotherapy in 90% of the hospitals. In the majority (67%) it was only performed before day D1, in D1 and D8 chemotherapy protocols. About 19% reported changes in prescription of adjuvant chemotherapy and in maintenance chemotherapy, 33% increased the prescription of oral chemotherapy, 33% changed the periodicity, 29% reported reduction in inclusion in clinical trials. In 33% there was an earlier end of chemotherapy in ECOG2 and vulnerable patients. In 38% the prescription of G-CSF (Granulocity-colony stimulating factor) increased, being used for prophylaxis if the risk of febrile neutropenia was more than 10-15%. The periodicity of consultations was changed for patients under TKI treatment in 86%, and 67% hospitals reported changes in immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment schedule. In 29% oral drugs could be delivered at patients’ home. All the patients admitted for surgery were tested for SARS-CoV-2, and 86% performed SARS-COV-2 testing before radiotherapy. Portuguese hospitals responded to the sudden need of creation of COVID-free circuits, change protocols and even teleconsultation. With a larger follow up we will study the late consequences of COVID-19 pandemic in lung cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Gestión de la actividad quirúrgica electiva de un hospital terciario durante la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2

IntroductionDuring the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, elective surgical activity was reduced to a minimum. As both the number of cases and the hospitalization needs for this pathology decreased, we thought it appropriate to progressively recover scheduled surgical activity. This work describes how, even with the current alarm state, we were able to practically normalize this activity in a few weeks. MethodsTwo weeks before the intervention, the patients included in the waiting lists were contacted by telephone. After checking their health status and expressing their desire to undergo surgery, they were provided with recommendations to decrease the risk of coronavirus infection. Likewise, an exclusive circuit was established to carry out, 48 hours before the intervention, the detection of SARS-CoV-2 by means of exudates nasopharyngeal PCR. The results were evaluated by each surgical service and the anesthesiology service. In addition, asymptomatic Surgical Area professionals could undergo weekly screening for the early detection of coronavirus according to the recommendations of Occupational Health. ResultsIn the midst of a pandemic, scheduled surgical activity was reduced by 85%. From the week of April 13, the operating rooms available were recovered, which allowed practically all surgical activity to be recovered the week of May 25. ConclusionsThe creation of circuits and procedures to streamline surgical activity, still in full force of the state of alarm, has allowed us, in a few weeks, to recover almost all of it.