CPW-fed Slot Research Articles

Multi-Band Antenna Design Optimization Using Nature-Inspired Evolutionary Algorithm for 5G Wireless Communication

Automation and telecommunication systems are increasingly improving and becoming more easily integrated thanks to wireless communication technology, in which the essential component is the antenna. Designing and optimizing antenna structures still takes a lot of time, especially for complex structures with multiple operating frequency bands or complex material layers. With modern computing power, the speed of computation is increasingly efficient, and combining automated computation for optimization and design is entirely feasible. Many research groups around the world have implemented automated antenna design through optimization algorithms, genetic algorithms, swarm algorithms, collectively referred to as evolutionary algorithms. These algorithms simplify the antenna design process, making it more automated and optimized. In this paper, the Improved Black Hole algorithm is proposed and used to optimize the design of a CPW-Fed slot microstrip antenna.

A Single-Layer Multimode Metasurface Antenna with a CPW-Fed Aperture for UWB Communication Applications

A single-layer multimode metasurface antenna is proposed with a coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed aperture. The ultra-wideband (UWB) performance is implemented based on a three-step evolution process with the aid of characteristic mode analysis (CMA). Considering the efficient excitation with a fixed feeding structure, the metasurface modal current variation at different frequencies is analyzed and optimized, in addition to that at the resonant frequency. Correspondingly, the metasurface is firstly designed utilizing an array of 4 × 4 patches. Then, the 1 × 3 and the 1 × 1 parasitic patch arrays are located near the edge patches. Finally, every patch is split into two by a center slot along the current distribution of the required polarization. Four resonant modes of the metasurface become more desirable step by step and can be efficiently excited over the entire band. To enhance the impedance matching level, a pair of 5-stage gradient transitions are added to the CPW-fed slot. The slot mode combined with the four modes further improves the bandwidth. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed antenna exhibits a 3 dB gain bandwidth of over 74% (4.0-8.7 GHz) with a peak gain of 8.2 dBi. The overall dimensions of the prototype are 1.40λ0 × 1.40λ0 × 0.075λ0 (λ0 is the free-space wavelength at 6 GHz).

CPW-Fed Microstrip Patch Antenna for Millimeter Wave Applications

The antenna elements have been consuming more power and inoperative area with high operational frequency. Therefore, an advanced antenna element design is necessary to cross over the above faults. In this research work, the CPW-Fed microstrip patch antenna is designed using EHF range for millimeter-wave applications. CPW-fed and combinations of DGS-CPW-fed microstrip patch antennas are novel methods, these designs are enhancing many characteristics of microwave circuits, such as narrow bandwidth, cross-polarization, low gain, etc. The researchers are facing many issues in this research area, therefore Fed-CPW design has been taken as a challenging issue. Investigators are working on wideband antennas, as well as patch antennas that can be used for both single- and dual-band applications. In addition to multiband applications, DGS, CPW-Fed Slot antennas are loaded with filters, these enhancements are providing waveguides and amplification tuning. The proposed research deals with a CPW-Fed Microstrip Patch satellite antenna, which is specially modeled to operate at various high-frequency values as well as Extremely High Frequency (EHF) range. A T-Shaped Microstrip patch antenna, which is dimensioned at 11.4x2.5x1.6 mm3 has been placed on Rogers R04003 substrate. The proposed antenna has CPW-Fed with ground dimensions which are considered as 5.9mm*8mm & feed dimensions as 3.8mm*9mm. Due to CPW-feed, the proposed antenna has achieved huge bandwidth i.e 13GHz. Hence the proposed antenna design is compact and suitable at higher frequencies. Simulation results approve that it is a good antenna model. The performance measures like return loss, gain, and VSWR has been improved compared to earlier models. Moreover, this CPW-fed microstrip patch antenna approach is most useful for 5G applications and simulation results are outperforms with designed frameworks. The proposed antenna resonates from 24GHz to 37.6GHz, with good impedance matching at |S11|<=-10dB. The obtained VSWR is in the range of 1 and 2. The gain at resonant frequencies is ranged from 4 to 6 dB. The proposed antenna is useful to deploy in 5G applications as it is resonating in millimeter-wave frequencies. The following model is very useful for 5G applications andprovides resonant frequencies 4 to 6 dB. The impedance matching is also improved by 15% compared to earlier models. The following experiment is designed on the HFSS software tool and CPW-Fed functionality is verified.

Reconfigurable 2×1 CPW-Fed Rectangular Slot Antenna Array (RSAA) Based on Graphene for Wireless Communications

This article presents a 2×1 CPW ultra wideband rectangular slot antenna array (UWB-RSAA) with a modified circular slot shape to support a high data rate for wireless communications applications. The proposed antenna array dimensions are 0.7λ×0.8λo×0.064λo at the resonant frequency 1.8 GHz. It is fabricated on Rogers RO4003 substrate and fed by using a coplanar waveguide (CPW). A graphene layer is added on one side of the substrate to realize frequency reconfigurability and improve the array gain. The proposed array acquires -10 dB impedance bandwidth of the RSAA that extends from 1.7 GHz to 2.6 GHz, from 3.2 to 3.8 GHz, and from 5.2 GHz to 7 GHz. The proposed array achieved a realized peak gain of 7.5 dBi at 6.5 GHz at 0 Volt bias with an average gain of 4.5 dBi over the operating band. When the graphene bias is increased to 20 Volt, the antenna bandwidth extends from 1 GHz to 4 GHz and from 5 to 7 GHz with a peak gain of 14 dBi at 3.5 GHz and an average gain of 7.5 dBi. The linearly polarized operation of the proposed array over the operating bands makes it suitable for short-range wireless communications .

Design and Optimization of CPW-Fed Bow-Tie Slot Patch Antenna

In this article, a mirror edged bow tie slot antenna is modelled and fed by a CPW fed with a finite ground plane. This design is calculated and its material properties such as its substrate FR4 is utilized which is easily available and less cost of fabrication. The height of the substrate is 2.96mm, with sr=2.The operating frequency is set at 2.45GHz which is ISM frequency band of operation. The antenna was simulated using CST Microwave suite and its results are inferred. The resonating frequency is at 2.581 GHz. This antenna is used for Wi-Fi applications.

Design of CPW fed multiband antenna for wearable wireless body area network applications

This communication presents a multiband on-body conformal and wearable antenna for Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) applications. The suggested wearable CPW-fed slot dipole antenna is incorporated with inductively coupled meander shape, T and O shaped resonators that lead to provide multiband operation. The resonant frequency is controlled by a definite resonant path, which leads to high degree of freedom in design paradigm. The proposed wearable antenna covers the 2.4 GHz/5.2 GHz/5.8 GHz WLAN, 3.5 GHz WiMAX, and 4.4 GHz C-bands and has an overall dimension of 60 × 40 × 0.254 mm3. The SAR analysis has also been presented for the antenna at several resonant frequencies which are well under the normal SAR criteria of 1.6 W/kg that suggests that the model performs satisfactorily for wearable applications. To characterize the performance of the antenna, the specimen of the antenna is rigorously tested in terms of antenna gain, S-parameters and flexibility under different bending configurations for radii values ranging from 90 to 30 mm. The reflection coefficient of the suggested antenna is also evaluated and the outcomes are compared under distinct on-body circumstances. Measured and simulated results of S11, radiation pattern and gain are in good agreement.

A Compact, Wideband, Dual Polarized CPW-Fed Asymmetric Slot Antenna for Wireless Systems

Abstract Wideband, dual sense circularly polarized (CP), asymmetric circular slot fed by coplanar waveguide is proposed and designed. Dual polarizations are obtained by using a horizontal stub to the feed line and embedding the L-shaped strip onto the slotted ground plane. The simulated result of impedance bandwidth shows wideband performance is produced by four resonant modes. Some key parameters are studied to analyze the characteristics of the proposed antenna. The overall volume of the proposed antenna is 18 mm × 18 mm × 1.6 mm. The measured value of 10 dB impedance bandwidth is 112%at frequencies from 4.2 GHz to 14.9 GHz with voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) ≤ 2. The 3-dB axial ratio bandwidths are 39.3% for the lower band which senses right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) and 2.8% for the upper band which senses left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) relative to the center frequency of 6.1GHz and 14.1 GHz, respectively. The proposed structure gives a good radiation pattern with moderate gain.

A wideband compact antenna with quad‐circular polarized bands in its operating regions

This article presents the design of an offset CPW-fed slot antenna which exhibits a narrow impedance bandwidth (IBW; |S11| ≤ −10 dB) extending from 1.20 GHz to 1.45 GHz and another wide impedance bandwidth from 1.86 GHz to 8.4 GHz thus covering almost all the conventional operating frequencies. The antenna is loaded with semicircular and rectangular stubs and meandered microstrip lines to realize circular polarization at 1.35 GHz, 3.3 GHz, 4.9 GHz, and 7.5 GHz with axial ratio bandwidth (axial ratio ≤ 3 dB) of 19.25% (1.2-1.46 GHz), 4.24% (3.24-3.38 GHz), 4.1%(4.8-5 GHz), and 5.2% (7.3-7.69 GHz) respectively thus covering the GPS, WiMAX, WLAN, and X-band downlink satellite communication application bands. The mechanism of generation of CP is discussed using vector analysis of surface current density distribution. The gain is fairly constant in the wide IBW region with maximum fluctuation of 1.2 dB. The structure is compact with an overall layout area of 0.27λ × 0.27λ, where λ is the free-space wavelength corresponding to the lowest circular polarized (CP) frequency. A comparison of the proposed antenna with previously reported structures is performed with respect to impedance bandwidth, compactness, number of CP bands, LHCP to RHCP isolation and gain to comprehend the novelty of the proposed design. A prototype of the proposed antenna is fabricated and the measured results are in accord with the simulated results.

Theoretical Investigations on CPW-Fed Single and Dual-Polarized Slot Radiators Using Schelkunoff’s Biconical Antenna Analysis

Theoretical Investigations on CPW-Fed Single and Dual-Polarized Slot Radiators Using Schelkunoff’s Biconical Antenna Analysis

A Compact CPW Fed Wideband Slot Antenna for Wireless Communications

A compact circularly polarized CPW-fed slot antenna is proposed here. The antenna consists of a pentagonal patch within an asymmetrical slot with a single coplanar waveguide feed. The proposed antenna is excited with CPW feed mechanism and investigated experimentally. The structure is fabricated on FR4 epoxy substrate with a permittivity of 4.4. The impedance bandwidth of 10[Formula: see text]GHz (4[Formula: see text]GHz to 14[Formula: see text]GHz) and the axial ratio bandwidth of 1.2[Formula: see text]GHz with the corresponding fractional bandwidth of 113%. The simulation results fulfil the bandwidth requirements of IEEE 802.11a (5.15–5.35[Formula: see text]GHz/5.47–5.725[Formula: see text]GHz) for wireless applications. In terms of bandwidth, compactness and circular polarization comparable results between simulated and measured results clearly show the validity of the proposed structure.

A NOVEL SMALL SIZE CPW-FED SLOT ANTENNA WITH CIRCULAR POLARIZATION FOR 5G APPLICATION

A NOVEL SMALL SIZE CPW-FED SLOT ANTENNA WITH CIRCULAR POLARIZATION FOR 5G APPLICATION

Design and Optimization of Genetic Algorithm (GA) based High Gain and Directive CPW-Fed Slot Dipole Antenna for Wideband Applications

Genetic Algorithm (GA) is proposed in this paper for the design of a wide bandwidth, high gain and directive CPW-fed slot-dipole antenna. The proposed antenna is built on a FR4 substrate that is cheap and easy to produce. Genetic Algorithm is used to select parameters that reflect antenna geometry to achieve wider bandwidth and reduced return loss (parameter S11) and high gain values at resonant frequency. The antenna design shows a wide operating bandwidth of 1.4 GHz (simulated) and 1.3 GHz (measured) over the X-band, a return loss (S11) of -25.83 dB (simulated) and -23.08 (measured) and a gain and directivity of 5.61 dB (simulated) and 11.87 dB (simulated) at 10.5 GHz resonating frequencies. In this work, all simulations were performed using the ANSYS HFSS v14.0 software. A prototype antenna was produced and then characterized using VNA to validate the design. Measurement results were in good agreement with the results simulated using ANSYS HFSS.

A compact CPW-fed wideband slot antenna with reflector for wireless communication

ABSTRACTA compact CPW-fed slot antenna is proposed here. The antenna has a pentagonal patch nested within an asymmetrical slot along with a coplanar waveguide feed. The suggested antenna also has a circular polarization over a wide range. For achieving better performance and to increase the gain of the antenna a single aluminum reflector is used. Results with reflectors of different materials are studied and simulated. The reflector helped to achieve a higher gain, stable radiation pattern, and a good impedance match. The antenna covers an impedance bandwidth of 10.5 GHz and an axial ratio bandwidth of 1.3 GHz allied with a fractional bandwidth of 118%. The simulated result complies with the bandwidth requirements of IEEE 802.11a (5.15–5.35 GHz/5.47–5.725 GHz) for wireless applications.

Zirconia-Based Ultra-Thin Compact Flexible CPW-Fed Slot Antenna for IoT.

An ultra-thin compact flexible CPW-fed slot monopole antenna suitable for the Internet of Things (IoT) applications was achieved as a result of exploring the use of Zirconia-based ENrG’s Thin E-Strate® for the antenna’s design. The electromagnetic characterization of the novel material at the frequency range of interest was analyzed. A comparison was made concerning the required dimensions and the simulation results regarding impedance matching and radiation properties, for three different dielectric substrates: Novel flexible ceramic (ENrG’s Thin E-Strate), rigid Arlon 25N, and flexible Polypropylene (PP). Two different metallization techniques—electrotextile-based and inkjet printing—were used in the fabrication of prototypes based on ENrG’s Thin E-Strate. Return losses measured results for the fabricated prototypes with both procedures was compared, as well as with simulation. The best prototype on the ENrG’s Thin E-Strate was compared with one on Arlon 25N, in terms of radiation properties in an anechoic chamber, and conclusions were drawn.

CPW-Fed Slot Antenna for Medical Wearable Applications

In this paper, a flexible antenna with a simple structure, small size (15mm×17mm×1mm), and light weight for medical wearable applications is proposed. The antenna consists of slot radiation elements fed by a coplanar waveguide structure and a floating ground. Flexible conductive cloth MKKTN260 is used to fabricate the antenna, while felt with good insulation is used as the substrate. The measured impedance matching bandwidth (|S 11 |less than -10dB) of the antenna is from 5.578 to 5.898GHz, which can cover the whole ISM 5.8GHz band (5.725-5.825GHz) and perform good wearable radiation characteristics. The floating ground structure and the interaction between slots make the antenna radiated efficiently (the measured peak realized gain is 4.85dBi at 5.8GHz) to the +Z direction, which is away from the human body. Meanwhile, without any specially designed reflecting structures, the specific absorption rate value is below the criterion set by the FCC and ICNIPR. The bending configurations are also studied for this antenna.

Design of Cross-Shaped CPW-Fed Ultrawideband Slot Antenna

A new design of ultrawideband (UWB) antenna of coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed is proposed. The antenna is composed of a cross-shaped patch and house-shaped slot with the minimum dimension of 21mm × 20mm × 1.6mm. The analysis of S11, VSWR, radiation pattern and surface current is discussed with HFSS simulation software, and also the effect of parameters is presented. Experimental results show that the bandwidth of the antenna covers 110.67% (3.3—11.6GHz) of UWB range with return loss better than 10 dB. And the good impedance matching in frequency band confirms the antenna is a good candidate for the application of wireless system.

Broadband CPW-Fed L-Shaped Slot Antenna with T-Tuning Stub for IMT Applications

International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering (A UGC Approved and indexed with DOI, ICI and Approved, DPI Digital Library) is one of the leading and growing open access, peer-reviewed, monthly, and scientific research journal for scientists, engineers, research scholars, and academicians, which gains a foothold in Asia and opens to the world, aims to publish original, theoretical and practical advances in Computer Science,Information Technology, Engineering (Software, Mechanical, Civil, Electronics & Electrical), and all interdisciplinary streams of Computing Sciences. It intends to disseminate original, scientific, theoretical or applied research in the field of Computer Sciences and allied fields. It provides a platform for publishing results and research with a strong empirical component. It aims to bridge the significant gap between research and practice by promoting the publication of original, novel, industry-relevant research.

Design of CPW-Fed Slot Antenna with Rhombus Patch for IoT Applications

A CPW-fed slot antenna with rhombus patch radiator is proposed for 1.2276/1.5754/1.8/2.4/2.45/5.0/5.2/5.8 GHz wireless communication applications. The pentagon and rectangular slots are etched on the metallic layer of a single sided printed circuit board and rhombus patch radiator with a tuning stub in the feeding structure is embedded to form the proposed slot antenna. The dimensions of pentagon slot and tuning stub are changed to design and fabricate the antenna which can be operated at 1.2276/1.5754/1.8/2.4/2.45/5.0/5.2/5.8 GHz successfully. IE3D software is used to design this CPW-fed slot antenna and choose the better parameters to manufacture the proposed antenna. The influences of slot and stub dimension parameters of the proposed antenna on resonant frequency, input reflection coefficient expressed in decibel and impedance bandwidth are described. The proposed antenna with the volume of 100mm×80mm×0.6mm has been fabricated. The measured result shows that the proposed antenna can be successfully operated at 1.2-2.8 GHz and 3.35-7.56 GHz bands. These bands are suitable for IoT-based applications.

WLAN 시스템용 이중 대역 CPW 소형 슬롯 안테나

In this paper, the compact CPW-fed slot antenna for WLAN applications is proposed. While the proposed antenna with size of only 20 × 18 × 1 mm 3 is consisted of double stub and folded slot, the antenna for 2.4 GHz band and 5 GHz band is designed and fabricated with optimized parameters obtained by simulation. Proposed antenna is fabricated with FR-4 substrate to the thickness of 1.0 mm. By obtaining the measured return loss level of < -10 dB at dual-band, we showed that it is operated as antenna for WLAN applications, and then it is also expected to be usable as antenna for RFID.

Tri-Band CPW-Fed Stub-Loaded Slot Antenna Design for WLAN/WiMAX Applications

AbstractA novel uniplanar CPW-fed tri-band stub-loaded slot antenna is proposed for wireless local area network (WLAN) and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) applications. Dual resonant modes were effectively excited in the upper band by using two identical pairs of slot stubs and parasitic slots symmetrically along the arms of a traditional CPW-fed slot dipole, achieving a much wider bandwidth. The middle band was realized by the fundamental mode of the slot dipole. To obtain the lower band, two identical inverted-L-shaped open-ended slots were symmetrically etched in the ground plane. A prototype was fabricated and measured, showing that tri-band operation with 10-dB return loss bandwidths of 150 MHz from 2.375 to 2.525 GHz, 725 MHz from 3.075 to 3.8 GHz, and 1.9 GHz from 5.0 to 6.9 GHz has been achieved. Details of the antenna design as well as the measured and simulated results are presented and discussed.