Coupling Technique Research Articles

Coupling of Discontinuous Galerkin and Pseudo-Spectral Methods for Time-Dependent Acoustic Problems

Many realistic problems in computational acoustics involve complex geometries and sound propagation over large domains, which requires accurate and efficient numerical schemes. It is difficult to meet these requirements with a single numerical method. Pseudo-spectral (PS) methods are very efficient, but are limited to rectangular shaped domains. In contrast, the nodal discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method can be easily applied to complex geometries, but can become expensive for large problems. In this paper, we study a coupling strategy between the PS and DG methods to efficiently solve time-domain acoustic wave problems. The idea is to combine the strengths of these two methods: the PS method is used on the part of the domain without geometric constraints, while the DG method is used around the PS region to accurately represent the geometry. This combination allows for the rapid and accurate simulations of large-scale acoustic problems with complex geometries, but the coupling and the parameter selection require great care. The coupling is achieved by introducing an overlap between the PS and DG regions. The solutions are interpolated on the overlaps, which allows the use of unstructured finite element meshes. A standard explicit Runge–Kutta time-stepping scheme is used with the DG scheme, while implicit schemes can be used with the PS scheme due to the peculiar structure of this scheme. We present one- and two-dimensional results to validate the coupling technique. To guide future implementations of this method, we extensively study the influence of different numerical parameters on the accuracy of the schemes and the coupling strategy.

Compact and low phase-noise dual-frequency oscillator based on dual-band filter with multiple coupling technique

This paper presents a switchable feedback dual-frequency oscillator with ultra low phase-noise based on dual-band filter for the first time. The application of multiple coupling technique in dual-band filter such as direct coupling, indirect coupling, self-coupling and source-load coupling not only reduces the circuit size significantly but also obtains high group delay that the ultra low phase-noise can be achieved. Due to the auxiliary oscillating network, two different oscillation frequencies are switched independently without inter-modulation. For demonstration, a physical prototype was fabricated and measured. The measured results show that the proposed dual-frequency oscillator can oscillate at 887 MHz or 2.446 GHz by controlling four PIN diode switches and the phase-noise keeps better than −139 dBc/Hz and −136.1 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz frequency offset. And the output power of 887 MHz and 2.446 GHz are 5.94 dBm and 5.08 dBm respectively.

A parametric study on the fatigue life of elevator brake wheels under multi-field coupling effects

As a vertical vehicle, the operation mode of the elevator is changeable, and its operating parameters affect the emergency braking fatigue life of the brake wheel. It is essential to understand the factors that affect the fatigue life of the brake wheel to avoid excessive damage. This paper mainly studies the influence of elevator operating parameters (such as load, maximum traction speed, and contact friction coefficient) on the fatigue life of elevator drum brakes during emergency braking under the multi-field coupling effect. The multi-field coupling model of the brake is constructed based on the thermo-fluid–solid coupling technique, and the damage under each load condition is evaluated at the maximum temperature node. This study reveals the influence of various parameters on the fatigue life of brake wheels and provides ideas for the fatigue life study of elevator brakes under the multi-filed effect.

Coupling and coordination association between night light intensity and women safety – A comparative assessment of Indian metropolitan cities

Street lighting is an important aspect influencing women safety (WS) at night. Increased crime rate against women (CRAW) in Indian metropolitan areas (IMC) have a negative impact on the establishment of a safe environment for women (SEW). Women feel insecure when traveling alone because visibility is poor at night on urban streets. In order to create a safe environment and promote social justice, the study aims to analyze the impact of night light intensity (LI) on WS. The research uses remote sensing nighttime light (NTL) data to assess the temporal transition of LI and uses the coupling and coordination degree (CCD) technique to analyze the interaction between LI and WS in 53 IMC from 2012 to 2021. The following conclusions are drawn - first, LI has a higher temporal transition than CRAW in capital cities than non-capital cities due to better streetlight infrastructure. Second, CRAW shows a significant negative but three times higher impact while LI shows a significant positive impact on women safety. Third, Capital cities have 6.58% higher increases in coupling and 5.45% better levels of coordination compared to non-capital cities. Cities with high LI and high WS have a good level of coupling and coordination. Lastly, it is estimated that 96% of cities lack efficient light energy for SEW development. This study also makes policy recommendations to assist decision-makers in developing ways to improve the SEW by prioritizing cities. To move further, future studies should combine different time zones, such as daytime LI and crime rate, with other demographic groupings. This study can help to better understand the present situation of WS at night and serve as a reference for future studies on the subject.

Anion-exchange membrane adsorbers with silane-modulated biomimetic amination surface for efficient DNA separation

Ion exchange membrane adsorbers, an alternative to overcome the bottleneck of present deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) solid-phase extraction material, still suffer from scarce binding capacity and uncontrollable recovery efficiency. Herein, inspired by mussel adhesion combined with in-situ coupling technique, a silane-modulated biomimetic amination strategy is proposed to construct an anion-exchange membrane adsorber for efficient DNA separation. The coupling of polyethyleneimine to the biomimetic interlayer formed by the co-coating of pyrogallol and 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane onto polyethersulfone membranes provides high coverage of DNA-binding ligands for the resulting membrane adsorber. Furthermore, its surface charge properties are tailored by the tunable content of epoxy groups in the biomimetic interlayer, resulting in the pH-responsive reversible DNA binding capacity. Consequently, the resulting membrane adsorber exhibits unprecedented DNA adsorption capacity (396.2 mg·g-1), which is renewable and requires no external binding agent. More importantly, this membrane adsorber in the form of spin columns achieves outstanding DNA recovery efficiency up to 88%, which is 32% improvement over commercial silica matrices. This research provides a new perspective on the design of novel ion exchange membrane adsorbers and holds promise for the low-loss, high-efficiency downstream separation and purification processes of biomacromolecules.

Research on Developing Cyclone Coupling Techniques for Heterogeneous Separators with Design Optimization of Hydrocyclone Separators

Abstract: Hydrocyclone separator is a widely used equipment in the field of liquid-solid separation due to its simple structure, convenient operation, and high separation efficiency. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the working principles, application areas, design optimization, and performance evaluation of hydrocyclone separators, while discussing their future development trends. In addition, particular attention has been given to the aspects related to patents in this study.The focus is on analyzing the structural parameters and flow field characteristics of hydrocyclone separators, as well as the different effects on separation efficiency caused by various hydrocyclone structures and adjustments in hydrocyclone size. The research analysis is conducted on the inlet, cylindrical section, overflow pipe section, cone section, hydrocyclone materials, and other parts, taking into account detailed analysis of operational conditions such as inlet flow rate, pressure drop, separation efficiency, and fluid properties. The future development trend of hydraulic hydrocyclone separators lies in refinement, intelligence, multifunctionality, integration, and energy-saving and environmental protection. In the field of liquid-solid separation, the integration of hydrocyclone separation technology and intelligent devices is becoming increasingly important, and future research will focus on developing new hydrocyclone coupling separation techniques to further improve production efficiency and convenience in daily life. The application prospects are broad, and it is expected to bring significant economic and social benefits to society. It also possesses the potential for patent protection.

Current research trends in child poverty and psychological resilience research: A bibliometric analysis approach

AbstractThe first of the sustainable development goals is to end poverty by 2030. Although many individual, social, and psychological resources have been proposed to reduce poverty, little is known about psychological resilience factors and related variables in reducing it. While the literature on childhood poverty and psychological resilience indicates that there was a relationship between these variables, it also draws attention to the fact that a growing interest in the need to consider psychological factors in reducing child poverty. Contextually, this study is bibliometric research that aims to reveal the current research trends about child poverty and psychological resilience. The researcher reviewed the Web of Science to highlight current trends in child poverty and resilience research and found 1065 relevant documents that met the inclusion criteria. The research used co‐occurrence, citation, and bibliographic coupling techniques from the bibliometric analysis type. Research results showed that poverty, resilience, children, protective factors, youth, parenting, COVID‐19, stress, and mental health were the nine significant clusters where the poverty and resilience keywords were gathered (items = 120, links = 988, total link strength = 1646). The United States had the most publications and was the most collaborative country. The most associated SDG target was good health and well‐being. Research trends underline that the five most studied keywords were resilience, poverty, children, health, and risk. Thematic map results indicated that socioeconomic status, childhood, and adjustment topics were important, well‐developed, and structuring themes, while resilience, poverty, and children topics were essential themes but still needed to be well‐developed. The research findings highlight the importance of resiliency factors that can potentially reduce child poverty. The results also give researchers essential insights into socioeconomic, mental, psychological, and environmental factors that they can use in their intervention practices holistically in reducing child poverty.

A classical peptide coupling approach for the total synthesis of simnotrelvir

The total synthesis of an oral small-molecule antiviral agent; a structure based developmental drug simnotrelvir has been accomplished. The synthesis involves readily accessible commercial amino acids L-tert-leucine, 4-hydroxy-l-proline and l-glutamic acid that are easily converted to the key intermediates and are coupled together following classical peptide coupling technique using HATU and NMM. One of the crucial step in the synthesis involved a one pot Boc-deprotection and trifluoroacetylation of tert-leucine amino acid moiety mediated by ZnCl2.

Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of Novel β-Ala-Phthalazine-Based Derivatives as VEGFR2 Inhibitors and Apoptosis-Inducers Against Liver Cancer

Some novel β-Ala-phthalazine derivatives were synthesized from the parent methyl 3-(2-(4-benzyl-1-oxophthalazin-2(1H)-yl) acetamido)propanoate (1). Then, ester 1 underwent hydrazinolysis to produce the hydrazide 2-(4-benzyl-1-oxophthalazin-2(1H)-yl)-N-(3-hydrazineyl-3-oxo propyl) acetamide (2). Under the azide coupling technique, hydrazide 2 formed azide 3 which was further coupled with some amines and amino acid esters hydrochloride to produce the corresponding novel dipeptides 4a–h and 5a–d, respectively. Finally, hydrazide 2 was condensed and/or cyclized with some ketones and/or active methylene compounds resulting in the formation of various derivatives 6a-e. Compounds 2, 6c, and 6d demonstrated significant cytotoxicity, with IC50 values of 1.33, 0.41, and 0.38 μM compared to Sorafenib (IC50 = 2.93 μM). Compounds 6d exhibited potent VEGFR2 inhibition by 97.6% with an IC50 value of 21.9 μM compared to Sorafenib (94.7% and IC50 value of 30.1 μM). The 6d treatment significantly increased apoptotic activity by 23.6-fold, causing a halt in cell proliferation at the G2/M phase. Ultimately, it exhibited a strong affinity for the VEGFR2 protein, with a binding energy of −26.8 Kcal/mol, and it established binding contacts with the crucial amino acids involved in the interaction.

An application of multi-magnetic circular planar spiral relay to improve the performance of wireless power transfer system

Introduction. The system of delivering electricity without wires is known as wireless power transfer (WPT). The WPT system has been extensively used in a number of industries, health, telecommunications, and transportation. However, the distance between the transmitter and receiver coils has a significant impact on its efficiency. Lower power can be generated between coils the farther apart they are, and vice versa. The novelty of the proposed work is innovative in that it develops a multi-magnetic circular planar spiral relay to improve the WPT system’s performance and designs circular planar spiral coils to achieve an appropriate inductance value for the 5 kHz matching frequency. The goal of paper is to create a circular planar spiral coil with an appropriate inductance value for the 5 kHz matching frequency. Methods. The transmitter circuit, receiver circuit, and DC voltage source are parts of the WPT system. The inverter circuit uses the inductive coupling technique to transform the DC power source into AC voltage on the transmitter coil. The suggested coil is additionally employed as a multi-magnetic circular planar spiral relay in order to increase the mutual inductance between the receiver and transmitter coils. Results. To monitor the power improvement that results from adding a multi-magnetic relay to the system, the transmitter coil, receiver coil, and multi-magnetic relay are positioned at specific distances from each other. With Vdc = 30 V and dtr = 21 cm, the power received at the receiver coil can therefore be improved by up to 67 %. Practical value. The multi-magnetic circular planar spiral relay applied in the WPT system has been investigated in an experimental study and it can be applied for DC load. References 26, table 1, figure 18.

Cu‐Catalyzed Coupling of Sulfonyl Chlorides with Alkenes: Synthesis of Dienyl Sulfones and β‐Chlorosulfones

This work reports a Cu‐catalyzed coupling technique for synthesizing (E)‐dienyl sulfones and β‐chlorosulfones from 1‐arylbutadienes and styrenes, respectively. By employing easily available and inexpensive reagents, this method enables the synthesis of a diverse array of dienyl sulfones and β‐chlorosulfones with excellent functional group tolerance under base‐ and oxidant‐free conditions. It also proves versatile for the late‐stage functionalization of drug molecules and the scale‐up reactions. The method showcases notable selectivity, gentle reaction conditions, and compatibility with various functional groups as demonstrated through 66 examples with excellent display of regioselectivity.

Optimization of solvent cooling crystallization process for separating phenanthrene from 9-fluorenone by COSMO-RS and solubility calculation approach

Phenanthrene (Phe) and fluorene (Flu) are crucial chemical intermediates with applications in materials, medicine, and pesticides. However, conventional separation methods struggle to effectively isolate phenanthrene from fluorene due to their similar physical properties. To address this challenge, a reaction–separation coupling technique was employed to convert fluorene into 9-fluorenone (9-Fluo), followed by the separation of phenanthrene from 9-fluorenone using solvent-cooling crystallization. Initially, the relative solubilities of phenanthrene and 9-fluorenone in 2072 solvents were calculated using COSMO-RS for preliminary screening. Among various conventional short-chain aliphatic alcohols and low-carbon saturated hydrocarbons, methanol, and cyclohexane were identified as the most effective solvents based on their solubility selectivity (SS). The molecular interactions between phenanthrene or 9-fluorenone and these solvents were analyzed using theoretical methods such as σ-potential/profile, infinite dilution activity coefficients in COSMO-RS, and Hansen solubility parameters, with further confirmation from FTIR tests. The optimal liquid–solid ratios were determined using both phase diagram measurements and solubility calculations. The reaction conversion of fluorene to 9-fluorenone was complete regardless of the raw material used. Phenanthrene and 9-fluorenone were effectively separated using methanol and cyclohexane with optimum liquid–solid mass ratios of 1.6:1 and 2.8:1, respectively. In the model mixture, the contents of phenanthrene and 9-fluorenone exceeded 98 wt%, with yields above 91 wt%. For anthracene residue, the content of 9-fluorenone reached 93.98 wt% with a yield of 84.52 wt%, while its content was only 76.58 wt% due to the accumulation of other components in phenanthrene.

Good Prophets Know When the End Is Near

We consider a class of online decision-making problems with exchangeable actions, where in each period a controller is presented an input type drawn from some stochastic arrival process. The controller must choose an action, and the final objective depends only on the aggregate type-action counts. Such a framework encapsulates many online stochastic variants of common optimization problems with knapsack, bin packing, and generalized assignment as canonical examples. In such settings, we study a natural model-predictive control algorithm. We introduce general conditions under which this algorithm obtains uniform additive loss (independent of the horizon) compared with an optimal solution with full knowledge of arrivals. Our condition builds on the recently introduced compensated coupling technique, providing a unified view of how uniform additive loss arises as a consequence of the geometry of the underlying decision-making problem. Our characterization allows us to derive uniform loss algorithms for several new settings, including the first such algorithm for online stochastic bin packing. It also lets us study the effect of other modeling assumptions, including choice of horizon, batched decisions, and limited computation. In particular, we show that our condition is fulfilled by the above-mentioned problems when the end of the time horizon is known sufficiently long before the end. In contrast, if at a late stage, there is still uncertainty about the end of the time horizon we show that such uniform loss guarantees are impossible to achieve. We use real and synthetic data to illustrate our findings. This paper was accepted by J. George Shanthikumar, data science. Funding: This work was supported by the Division of Mathematical Sciences [Grant 1839346]; the Division of Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems [Grant 1847393]; and the Army Research Laboratory [Grant W911NF-17-1-0094]. The authors also gratefully acknowledge support from the NSF [Grants ECCS-1847393, CNS-195599, and DMS-1839346], AFOSR [Grant FA9550-23-1-0068], an ARL award [Grant W911NF-17-1-0094], and ARO MURI [Grant W911NF-19-1-0217]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.04307 .

Insights on optimizing landfill site selection inspired by co-fermentation of weathered coal and landfill leachate

To develop new methods for transforming waste resources such as landfill leachate and weathered coal into clean energy, this research analyzed the co-fermentation effect and internal mechanism of methane production through gas chromatography, three-dimensional fluorescence, inducive coupling and metagenomics techniques. Our findings revealed that landfill leachate addition drives more than 70% increase in weathered coal biomethane production. Anaerobic fermentation collectively increased the tryptophan content in liquid-phase biodegradation, with the highest proportion reaching up to 72%. Paracoccus, Ralstonia, Aquamicrobium and other major microorganisms were in the range of 9–32%. Contamination of heavy metal diversity resistance genes has impacted microflora composition, with specialized heavy metal resistance genes such as NreB, CopD, NreB, and MerP altering the influence of heavy metals on anaerobic fermentation. The combined anaerobic fermentation of landfill leachate and weathered coal has expanded clean waste utilization and has broad application prospects.

Study on the hydraulic conveyance characteristics of suspended coarse particles within pipelines

The Flow Regime Transition Device transforms the gelled crude oil mass into gelled crude oil particles for hydraulic conveying. The gelled crude oil particles may reaggregate into gelled crude oil mass at the later stage of hydraulic conveying. Therefore, understanding the patterns of hydraulic suspension conveying gelled crude oil particles is vital for safely gathering and efficiently conveying crude oil. This paper employs the CFD-DEM coupling technique to conduct a numerical study on the hydraulic conveying characteristics of gelled crude oil particles. The accuracy of the model and the solution method is verified by comparing them with the experimental data of particle concentration distribution, and single particle rise behavior, and particle transport flow of gelled crude oil. The size range of gelled crude oil particles spans from 0.0001 m to 0.003 m. We operate the transportation within a velocity range of 0.5 to 4 m/s and a concentration range of 0.022 to 0.0537. Simulation results indicate two flow regimes in the hydraulic conveying of gelled crude oil particles: an upper-moving bed flow and a heterogeneous suspension flow. With increased conveying velocity, the upper moving bed flow gradually transitions to a heterogeneous suspension flow. Beneath the upper moving bed flow, some scattered particles exist, likely resulting from the action of turbulent diffusion. Changes in conveying concentration and particle size have a minor impact on the velocity distribution of particles and fluid but a more significant effect on the particle distribution across the pipe cross-section. Also, when conveying particles of different sizes, most smaller particles travel along the pipe wall.

Nanomembrane blazed grating coupler for vertical fiber-chip interface

Mid-infrared (mid-IR) silicon photonics holds promising applications for the Internet of Things, LiDAR, and optical communications. Perfectly vertical grating couplers are superior mid-IR light coupling techniques, featuring ease of packaging, positioning flexibility, and mass production scalability. However, high-efficiency mid-IR perfectly vertical grating couplers still need to be developed due to the difficulties of efficiently engineering grating directionality and diffracted light at long wavelengths. In this paper, we present a mid-IR nanomembrane blazed grating coupler with segmented structure engineering based on a standard multi-project wafer service. The method is based on exploring the improvement of the grating directionality and modal overlap by combining grating units with different structures and thicknesses. Experimental results showcase a maximum coupling efficiency of −4.4 dB with a 3-dB bandwidth of ∼70 nm at 2100 nm wavelengths. This study contributes to the strategy of designing exceptional grating couplers with multiple functional units, paving the way for developing mid-IR photonic integrated circuits based on silicon photonics foundries.

Fracture properties of green nano fibrous network with random and aligned fiber distribution: A hierarchical molecular dynamics and peridynamics approach

Polylactic acid (PLA) nanofibrous networks have gained substantial interest across various engineering and scientific disciplines, such as tissue engineering, drug delivery, and filtration, due to their unique and multifunctional attributes, including biodegradability, tuneable mechanical properties, and surface functionality. However, predicting their mechanical behaviour remains challenging due to their structural complexity, multiscale features, and variability in material properties.This study presents a hierarchical approach to investigate the fracture phenomena in both aligned and randomly oriented nanofibrous networks by integrating atomistic modelling and non-local continuum mechanics, peridynamics. At the nanoscale, all-atom molecular dynamics simulations are employed to apply tensile loads to freestanding pristine and silver-doped PLA nanofibres, where key mechanical properties such as Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and critical energy release rate are determined using innovative approaches. A new method is introduced to seamlessly transfer data from molecular dynamics to peridynamics by ensuring the convergence of the tensile response of a single fiber in both frameworks. This nano to micro coupling technique is then utilised to examine the Young's modulus, fracture toughness of mode I and II, and crack propagation in PLA nanofibrous networks. The proposed framework can also incorporate the effects of surface coating and fiber arrangements on the measured properties. The current research paves the way for the development of stronger and more durable eco-friendly nanofibrous networks with optimised performance.

Effective electronic properties and coupling for two-temperature model-molecular dynamics simulation of ultrafast laser ablation of nickel

ABSTRACT The accuracy of hybrid two temperature model-molecular dynamics (TTM-MD) simulations in predicting the ultrafast laser ablation phenomena in metals is influenced by the functional definition of subsystem properties and electronic-lattice coupling. In this work, laser ablation of nickel is simulated using hybrid TTM-MD with empirical and density function theory (DFT) derived electronic and coupling parameter sets. The investigation revealed that the empirically derived temperature-dependent parameterisation of electronic specific heat, thermal conductivity, and coupling factor enhanced the fidelity of electron–phonon nonequilibrium dynamics when used in conjunction with simple optical absorption models, aligning closely with prior experimental observations for nickel specimens. The TTM-MD setup is then coupled utilising two widely used coupling techniques – the temperature difference scaled and Langevin thermostat. It is found that the former exhibits increased tensile stress due to artificial enhancement of the collision cascade owing to deterministic nature of the coupling force. While the probabilistic nature of the Langevin thermostat offers more accurate predictions of the ablation threshold/yield. Under these conditions, the TTM-MD scheme is tested for a range of absorbed laser fluence, with ablation threshold, and the onset of phase explosion is determined as 115 and 270 mJ/cm2, respectively for a 1 picosecond (ps-) laser pulse.

A green extraction method for agar with improved thermal stability and water holding capacity

The conventional agar extraction method has drawbacks such as high energy consumption, low yield, poor quality, and possible residual harmful factors, which greatly limit its application in high-end fields such as biomedicine and high-end materials. This work explored a new freezing-thawing-high-temperature coupling technique for agar extraction. It increased the yield and the strength of agar by 10.6 % and 13.7 %, respectively, as compared to direct high-temperature extraction of agar (HA). The greater molecular weight and lower sulfate content of agar obtained from freeze-thaw cycles combined with high temperature extraction (FA) may be attributed to the desulfurization effect caused by freeze-thaw cycles and the preservation of the molecular chain structure. The reduction in sulfate content decreases the steric hindrance resistance of the polysaccharide chains, enhances their interactions, and promotes the regularity and density of the agar structure, while also improving its water retention and thermal stability. In conclusion, this research can offer a theoretical basis and guidance for the eco-friendly extraction of agar with improved agar characteristics and expended its applications.

Investigation of mechanical properties of high-performance concrete via multi-method of regression tree approach

Concrete's workability and durability are influenced by its mechanical properties, including Tensile and Compressive strength. High-performance concrete exhibits non-linear relationships between its compressive and tensile strength characteristics and the proportions of its constituent materials, such as water, aggregate, cement, and admixtures. The investigation of the relations between the constituents of concrete and its mechanical properties has posed a challenging issue. This paper seeks to develop a range of single, hybrid, and ensemble models to resolve the problem of accurately estimating the mechanical properties of concrete according to its constituent components as input variables. In this regard, various frameworks incorporating a machine learning technique called decision tree and four metaheuristic optimization algorithms were utilized in model development to emulate the values of tensile and compressive strength. The findings indicated that the decision tree-dynamic arithmetic optimization algorithm hybrid model produced results with an correlation of determination of 0.9919 in compressive strength and 0.9933 in tensile strength, which were on average 1–3 % higher than that of the decision tree-dandelion optimizer algorithm, decision tree-arithmetic optimization algorithm, and decision tree-coot optimization algorithm, indicating superior optimization performance of dynamic arithmetic optimization algorithm. Additionally, the powerful prediction capability of the decision tree + dynamic arithmetic optimization algorithm + dandelion optimizer algorithm + coot optimization algorithm + arithmetic optimization algorithm ensemble model was noticeable with R2 of 0.9882 and 0.9936 in compressive and tensile strength estimation reliable to be used for various data produced in the future. In general, the utilization of coupling techniques to generate hybrid and ensemble models can enhance the accuracy of predictions while reducing the time and costs associated with experimental procedures.