Sport In Countries Research Articles

Latvian Sports Regulation in Transition: Navigating Historical Evolution and Contemporary Development Trends

This comprehensive analysis delves into the intricate realm of sports law and policies in Latvia, exploring the historical evolution, administrative framework, and policy landscapes that shape the country's sports sector. The text highlights Latvia's transition from the Centralized Soviet Model to a more autonomous sports system post-independence, reflecting the nation's historical context and pursuit of sporting excellence. It examines the interaction between EU regulations and internal sports governance, emphasizing the balance between market-regulating rules and legitimate sports governance. The study also discusses recent legislative amendments in response to geopolitical events that has shaken the Eastern Europe, such as the Russian invasion of Ukraine, showcasing Latvia's proactive approach to safeguarding national interests and ethical standards in sports. Furthermore, insights into the implementation of National Anti-Doping Regulations underscore Latvia's commitment to maintaining integrity in sports. The administrative framework involving various stakeholders, including governmental bodies and non-governmental organizations, is analysed to provide a holistic view of sports policy planning and stakeholder engagement in Latvia. Overall, this research sheds light on the evolving landscape of sports law in Latvia and the country's efforts to promote athletic development, fair play, and good governance in sports. The findings will contribute to a deeper understanding of the factors and forces shaping the sports sector in the country. Keywords: sports law and geopolitics, sports governance, sports policies, EU sports law, Latvia

Analysis of the Advantages and Disadvantages of Commercializing Sports Leagues Based on NBA Alliance

Through the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of commercialization in the NBA league, the conclusion drawn in this article is that the increase in the degree of commercialization ion of the league has a significant impact on the league's visibility, commercial value, economic income, and overall competitive level. It can also drive the development of the entire sports industry and the formation of a country's sports culture. In the process of commercialization, corresponding problems also arise. From the perspective of fairness, certain matches in the league may be affected by commercial interests in the terms of the fairness of referee calls and penalties. Sometimes, concessions may be made for the sake of the viewing and smoothness of the game, which can damage the interests of one team and violate the spirit of fairness and justice in sports. In addition, gray industries such as gambling and soccer are constantly emerging, which have a great impact and harm on society and are difficult to completely avoid. After decades of development, the NBA has successfully captured the development dividends of the media and Internet era, completed its own brand building, and pushed the NBA to the world. The NBA continuously improves its internal rules, introduces a series of policies, works closely with sponsors in various fields, and make it the world's number one professional basketball league. In order for China's professional basketball league to develop and grow on the path of professionalization and commercialization, in addition to learning and drawing on the NBA business model, it is also necessary to combine its own basic national conditions and basketball development status, formulate basketball league and culture with Chinese characteristics.

DRUGS IN SPORTS AND RIGHT TO HEALTH: AN INDIAN PERSPECTIVE

Despite India's best efforts, the country has been ranked third on the global doping charts for the past three years running, starting in 2019. Rules and regulations for elite sports must be logically formulated and applied fairly across countries. Doping regulations in India have been the subject of much discussion, drawing attention to the disarray in the country's sports administration. Images of syringes in stadium restrooms have been ubiquitous for decades. Competitions in remote regions of India don't have anti-doping officers present, and if they were, the number of people who fail tests would be far higher. Even if professional athletes have gotten away with doping in the past, amateurs at all levels are putting their health at danger by trying it out in the hopes of landing a job or making the national team.[1] Aiming to promote clean sport, the World Anti-Doping Agency has created and is implementing harmonised regulations under the “World Anti-Doping Code, 2021”. The anti-doping experience varies from country to country because WADA depends mostly on National Anti-Doping Organizations to execute the Code. The existing framework, according to some academics, has an outsized effect on athletes hailing from underdeveloped nations. By examining fundamental problems with the Code's implementation in one such country—India—this essay adds to this discussion. [1] Yuji Takazawa, 'Relationship Between the Level of Willingness to Learn About Anti-Doping and Objective Knowledge Among Japanese University Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study' (2022) 4 FRONTIERS IN SPORTS AND ACTIVE LIVING 54-68.

Research on Football Field Monitoring System Based on Internet of Things

Football is one of the three major sports in the world, and it is an important part of a country's sports. At present, an important method of football tactics research is to use the Internet of Things data monitoring system to collect various data generated during the game and training, and then use computer software to obtain kinematic information. In order to improve the efficiency of physical energy allocation and technical and tactical level of athletes, and timely discover the problems of athletes and the implementation of coaches' tactics. Coaches urgently need a system that can collect various sports data in time. This paper proposes a football field data monitoring system based on the Internet of Things, which tests the performance of data monitoring through MATLAB. Finally, the validity and scientificity of the data monitoring system were initially verified.

The impact of cultural distance on the migration of professional athletes as high-skilled employees

Global migration creates both challenges and opportunities for employees and employers. An important issue in international business and human resource management is the integration of employees into a culturally different working industrial environment because focusing on cultural differences, integration, and mitigating culture shock can provide a competitive advantage. Our research examined the global migration involving the Hofstede cultural dimensions in the sports industry, especially in the football transfer market. The paper aims to find a relationship between cultural distance as an expression of cultural differences and international transfers of professional footballers as high-skilled and talented employees. Our study is based on a substantial quantitative examination of processing 34,430 international transfers. Our research question is: What kind of relationship can be detected between cultural distance and the migration of professional footballers? The results of a linear regression model show a significant negative correlation between the number of transfers and cultural distance. However, we believe that the country's economic performance and professional sports standards or quality are essential in addition to the cultural distance. Therefore, as a next step, the analysis involved both factors in getting a more sophisticated result. The results of the multiple regression model confirm the attitude of professional athletes; besides cultural distance, the impact of other factors (economic and/or professional aspects) is also important. Therefore, we recommend that companies pay close attention to their particularly valuable human resources.

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PERCEPTION OF THE MASCOTS OF THE YOUTH OLYMPIC GAMES FOR NATIONS AND THEIR CONNECTION WITH OLYMPISM

The Olympic Games is undoubtedly the world’s greatest sporting competition and visual exhibition and is, perhaps, the most important international event with considerable social, cultural, and economic implications. The mascot, torch, and medals serve as highly effective tools for expressing the visual design concept associated with these items. Through careful observation of the ideas showcased in each Olympic Games, one can discern the host country's sport spirit and cultural characteristics. The Olympic mascots serve as representatives of the host city for a period of three years leading up to and during the Games. In this significant role, mascots are considered icons, representing and symbolizing something beyond themselves. Therefore, the mascots themselves become icons of the city that is hosting the Games. The aim of the of the research was to reveal the significance of the mascots of the Youth Olympic Games for the nations from the point of view of perception and their connection with the Olympic ideas and values. Studying the mascots of the Youth Olympic Games, we can note that they are mostly presented in the form of animals. It is noteworthy that the mascots express some element of national culture, or, in other words, express the culture of the city or country representing the Games. Here it is necessary to emphasize that mascots are an excellent way to present the culture and history of a country or city to the whole world thanks to the Games. The mascots of the Youth Olympic Games express the fundamental values of Olympism, carry the colors of the Olympic flag, are a source of inspiration and striving for excellence among young people, and are a call to all mankind to make the world better, cleaner and peaceful.

Identifying the dimensions of gender justice in the Iranian Ministry of Sport and Youth

In modern times, sports have attracted the attention of different societies. Social, economic and political functions are one of the reasons. In Iran, the role of the Ministry of Sports and Youth is very important in managing sports in the country. Justice has been supposedly one of the pillars of ethical management in organizations, along with performance improvement. One example of justice in organizations is gender justice. The aim of this study was to provide valuable information to sports activists in the country by identifying the dimensions of gender justice in the Ministry of Sports and Youth and identify ways to expand gender justice according to employees' perceptions. The current research is practical in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of method, employing a thematic analysis strategy. The sample consisted of 7 management experts and sociologists who had studied, researched, or gained experience in the field of the present study (gender justice in organizations). The researchers used a semi-structured interview, which is suitable for qualitative research in terms of flexibility and depth. The "Inter Coder Reliability (ICR)" method was used to measure the reliability of the interviews conducted. The data were coded using MAXQDA2018 software. The results showed that perceptions of gender justice include 3 main themes (distributive justice, procedural justice and interactional justice) and 19 sub-themes. The expansion of gender justice in the Ministry of Sports and Youth, as the country's sports policy organization, can seemingly be effective in improving performance. It also has positive social and cultural effects on all sports areas of the country.

Intelligent Sports Prediction Analysis System Based on Edge Computing of Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

In recent years, the level of competition in my country's sports field has developed rapidly, and the public's attention to sports competitions has also increased. The forecast and analysis of sports events have therefore gathered the attention of a broad audience. The sports forecast news reports issued by various sports news media have become popular entertainment news topics by many readers. The research purpose of this article is to explore the research and design of intelligent sports prediction analysis systems based on particle swarm optimization algorithm. Under the background that artificial intelligence has been widely used in various industries, this article combines the predictive performance of the edge computing of the particle swarm optimization algorithm in artificial intelligence and the traditional sports event predictive analysis method to design an intelligent sports predictive analysis system. After understanding the methods and research status of sports events prediction analysis through literature research, this article conducts demand analysis and feasibility analysis on the intelligent sports prediction analysis system based on the main factors that need to be considered in sports prediction analysis and the current application of particle swarm optimization algorithms. According to the demand analysis, the functional modules of the intelligent sports predictive analysis system are designed, and a systematic test experiment is carried out on the predictive performance of the intelligent sports predictive analysis system for sports events. Experiments show that the prediction accuracy of the intelligent sports prediction analysis system for sports events is higher than that of traditional sports events prediction methods, which can reach about 89.6%, and it can better cater to the interests of readers who are concerned about sports events.

ПРОТИВОДЕЙСТВИЕ ПОЛИТИКЕ НАДНАЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ ИНСТИТУТОВ ПО ДИСКРИМИНАЦИИ РОССИЙСКОЙ СПОРТИВНОЙ ДИПЛОМАТИИ

The purpose of the article is to analyze the actions of external actors to discriminate against domestic sports diplomacy and to determine the priorities for countering illegal sanctions against the Russian Olympic movement. Since 2015 Russian athletes have been subject to restrictions on their right to participate in international sports competitions. After the start of a special military operation on the territory of Ukraine, the number of restrictions on Russian athletes can be called unprecedented in the history of world sports and the Olympic Games. The research methodology is based on the use of resources of event analysis, content analysis, general scientific methodology. Countering the imposed restrictions and returning the fullness of international sports participation should be the main goal of the sports diplomacy of the Russian Federation in modern conditions. To achieve this goal, Russia retains a number of tools, the complex use of which can provide a solution to the problems of relations between the IOC and our country. As a result, it was found that among the tools to neutralize illegal sanctions, sports and judicial measures will be of paramount importance: turning to international sports arbitration, expanding Russia's participation in regional sports federations and organizations, and putting forward initiatives to reform the management of the IOC. The necessity of adopting conceptual documents that define the strategy of the country's sports diplomacy in the context of the escalation of international relations is substantiated.

A Survey on AR Newspapers

Newspapers provide coverage of a country's economy, sports, games, entertainment, trade, and commerce. Reading the newspaper would be an excellent ritual to develop, It has already become a part of everyday life. This habit will enhance your knowledge and broaden your horizons. We can learn about the current condition of any incident by reading the newspaper, in order to learn more about it and pique the readers' curiosity, In order to assist enthusiastic readers an augmented reality application is the better solution. By incorporating a digital aspect into the printed material, it helps to bring the content of the magazine to life. It allows users to view a video, animation, or other unexpected content that appears on a page of their newspaper. When an augmented reality program and the camera software on a Smartphone or tablet work together, the illusion is generated. In order for the illusion to operate, the newspaper must be viewed through the mobile device's camera. So, a typical physical newspaper is taken and augmented reality objects can be used to increase the variety of information it gives, such as buttons to movies, links, YouTube, 3D models, and so on. The augmented reality is combined with the newspaper here. Using a marker, write: When you display markers in augmented reality, a computer identifies them and projects objects over them. You need a newspaper with a marker and a smartphone with a non-standalone application that recognizes the marker. It could be a newspaper image or a QR code. Integrating the traditional method AR experience is one of the best methods for print media to stand out from the crowd. In this work, the Vuforia Engine tool and Augmented Reality Tools are studied to design and develop a newspaper with Augmented Reality to improve user Usability..

YOUTH EMPOWERMENT IN NATIONAL SPORTS INDUSTRY AS A COMPONENT OF APPRECIATING PLURALISM AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

This paper focuses on a balanced, integrated and blended effort at every level of government administration and community structure to empower and strengthen the nation's sports industry. In accordance with the endemic era, it was then used as an element of appreciation for the unity of Malaysia's plural society. This paper attempts to address the following topics: (i) the potential income of youth through the sports industry; (ii) The status and future prospects of the country's sports industry; (iii) The Ministry of Youth and National Sports Key Performance Index target and unemployment among the youth; (iv) Challenges and empowerment on the implementation of the term youth age limit; and (v) The spirit of Malaysian Family Sports. The primary objective of the discussion is to identify the debate regarding the government's role and efforts to align national sports with national development. In reality, the method utilised by the Ministry of Youth and National Sports is competitive with foreign sports industries. This paper uses secondary sources, such as research results published in journals, scholarly writing, online news sources, and public forums, to employ a qualitative methodology. According to the findings of the study, the progressive development of the country's sports industry can generate numerous benefits for individuals, communities, and the country, thereby boosting the country's total income and economy. Therefore, drastic measures must be taken so that the development of the sports industry is in line with the development of the nation and is not solely dependent on the Ministry of Youth and National Sports.

The Development Trend of the Position of Sports Tourism in my country's Sports Industry

With the continuous development of sports in Our country, not only achieved good results in the national games, but also through the expansion of sports industry to let the national participation in sports fitness, not only can effectively improve the physical quality of the people, but also can enhance people's body resistance. In recent years, sports tourism industry is gradually rising, this paper mainly through the status of sports tourism in China's sports industry and future development trend analysis.

Зарубіжний досвід управління розвитком спортивно-оздоровчої діяльності

In the conditions of military aggression and hostilities taking place in Ukraine, the problems of sports and health activities, unfortunately, are relegated to secondary positions. A large part of the sports infrastructure is destroyed by the enemy, training and competitions were stopped for the most part, threatening the loss of the country's sports potential. The industry has experienced a significant reduction in funding, and some promising athletes have moved out abroad. Studies have shown that currently there are no systematic scientific and practical developments regarding the formation and development of the sports and health sector in the conditions of hostilities and the postwar period, which limits our possibilities in the terms of prediction and forecasting for the future, nonetheless actualizing further research in this direction. The industry has experienced a significant reduction in funding, and some promising athletes have gone abroad. Studies have shown that currently, there are no systematic scientific and practical developments regarding the formation and development of the sports and health sector in the conditions of hostilities and the post-war period, which limits our possibilities in the framework of prediction and forecasting for the future and actualizes further research in this direction. The article aims to study the foreign experience of managing the development of sports and health activities and the possibility of its use in Ukraine. The experience of leading countries in managing sports and health activities has been studied and systematized. The possibilities of implementing particular mechanisms and tools into the national model at its current reorganization stage have been determined. It is noted that currently the basic condition for the development of the system is the search for the most optimal balance of powers between the State, regions, and the private sector regarding the management of this sphere, which includes the advantages of the American model on the one hand (primarily in terms of creating favorable conditions for attracting private capital) and the European model on the other hand, which involves moderate handing over on the part of the State by establishing priorities, coordination of economic entities and targeted funding of priority areas. It is noted that the defining features that are characteristic of the management system of sports and health activities in all countries that have achieved high results in this sphere are, first of all: a developed regulatory and legislative framework and institutions, the clear State-controlled priorities for the development of sports, diversified sources of funding and instruments for stimulation of entrepreneurship, as well as close attention to personnel training and development of science and technology in the industry.

Sports Diplomacy of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era: Opportunities and Challenge

In 2005, former Foreign Minister Qian Qichen put forward and defined the concept of "sports diplomacy" in his Dictionary of World Diplomacy. "Sports diplomacy" is defined as "the foreign sports exchanges and exchanges conducted by a country's sports authorities or sports circles for the purpose of promoting relations between countries." It is reasonable to have different understanding and cognition to sports diplomacy. Due to different historical backgrounds, national rights and interests and international environments, China's diplomacy has different strategic aspirations and specific goals. Even if there are common interests, they differ in scope and emphasis. However, there are two common points: the target of foreign participants; For the purpose of fulfilling national interests. To sum up, sports diplomacy in the new era can be defined as the sum total of all external sports activities carried out by the participants through sports and sports culture exchanges with the participants for the purpose of realizing national political or diplomatic goals, promoting inter-state relations and safeguarding national interests.

THE EARLY WARNING MODEL OF TRACK AND FIELD SPORTS BASED ON RBF NEURAL NETWORK ALGORITHM

ABSTRACT Background: Athletics plays a very important role in competitive sports. The strength of track and field directly represents the level of a country's sports competition. Objective: This work aimed to study the track and field sports forewarning model based on radial basis function (RBF) neural networks. One hundred outstanding athletes were taken as the research objects. The questionnaire survey method was adopted to count athletes’ injury risk factors, and coaches were consulted to evaluate the questionnaire's overall quality, structure, and content. Methods: A track and field early warning model based on RBF neural network is established, and the results are analyzed. Results: The results showed that the number of people who thought the questionnaire was relatively complete (92%) was considerably higher than that of very complete (2%) and relatively complete (6%) (P<0.05). The number of people who thought that the questionnaire structure was relatively perfect (45%) was notably higher than that of the very perfect (18%) (P<0.05). The semi-reliability test result suggested that the questionnaire reliability was 0.85. Tests on ten samples showed that the RBF neural network model error and the actual results were basically controlled between −0.04~0.04. Conclusions: After the sample library test, the track and field sports forewarning model under RBF neural network can obtain relatively favorable results. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

RESEARCH ON SCIENTIFIC SPORTS TRAINING OF STUDENTS MAJORING IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION

ABSTRACT Introduction: The organization of high-level sports teams in colleges and universities is an important measure for my country's competitive sports to break the traditional monopoly and monopoly pattern and go to the market and society in an all-around way. It helps to improve the cultural quality of Chinese athletes and cultivate new sports talents for comprehensive development. It can make full use of universities’ multidisciplinary and high-tech advantages, increase the technological content of competitive training, and accelerate the improvement of sports level. Objective: This article intends to take the diving team as an example to explain the role and significance of scientific training in developing competitive sports in my country's ordinary colleges and universities and put forward suggestions for the establishment, organization, and implementation of scientific training. Methods: The scientific research support system used in the thesis includes: physiological and biochemical monitoring, health and sports injury monitoring, nutrition and weight monitoring, psychological consultation and monitoring, technical training support system, training quality management system, physical training support system, and athlete training database. Results: The in-depth research on diving training focuses on: (1) the detection and evaluation of diving technique training; (2) the training of divers’ specific strength qualities; (3) the monitoring of nutrition and weight of female athletes; (4) Pre-match psychological training for outstanding diving athletes. Conclusions: The diving team's training shows that scientific and systematic training is an important guarantee for high-level student-athletes training in ordinary universities in my country. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Design and Implementation of Track and Field Training Information Collection and Feedback System Based on Multi-sensor Information Fusion

Track and field sports are known as the "mother of sports". Whether in the field of athletics, fitness, or education, modern track and field sports have developed rapidly. The field of athletics has reached the point where it challenges the limits of humans. The development of China is inseparable from the support of science and technology, and it is inseparable from human scientific research on track and field sports. In order to improve the scientific level of track and field training methods and develop our country's sports industry, this paper designs a track and field training information collection and feedback system based on multi-sensor information fusion. In the method part, this article briefly introduces the content of track and field sports, the mode of multi-sensor information fusion and the existing sports information collection system, using weight coefficient fusion method, D-S evidence theory algorithm and Kalman filter algorithm. This paper designs an information collection and feedback system based on multi-sensor information fusion, and conducts demand analysis, comparative analysis, and data record analysis on this system. By designing the experimental group and the control group, it can be seen that the average performance of the two groups of athletes in the 50-meter run in 8 weeks has improved, and the data of the experimental group and the control group show significant differences. After the experiment, the average performance of the male athletes in the control group increased from around 8.32 to around 8.12, an increase of 4.7%. The performance of male athletes in the experimental group increased from 8.37 to 7.92, an increase of 5.6%. It can also be known that before the experiment, the average performance of the athletes in the selected control group was due to the experimental group, but after 8 weeks of experiment, the increase in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group. This shows that the data collection and feedback system using multi-sensor information fusion can be more accurately and differentiatedly applied to track and field training, and can find problems in athletes, so as to prescribe the right medicine.

Optimization Algorithm of College Table Tennis Teaching Quality Based on Big Data

In recent years, big data has quietly risen. Big data has been widely used in social practice. It has gradually formed a new trend and new trend of thinking that massive data catalyzes innovation and development, and regards data as big and respects objective data indicators. At present, with the continuous development of my country's sports industry, there is an increasing shortage of professional table tennis talents in society. Under this, many college students choose table tennis majors, making the college table tennis majors more and more popular. However, despite many college students participating in this industry, the teaching effect is not so ideal. The most important means of cultivating excellent table tennis talents is to reform teaching methods and innovate teaching methods. Selecting and cultivating the reserve forces of college student table tennis players, the two core links of the work of cultivating talents, has become an important scientific research topic. This article mainly discusses the deficiencies of the current education model based on the current status of the teaching quality of table tennis in colleges and universities in our country and the research situation of young athletes, combined with the optimization model of table tennis teaching in colleges and universities based on big data, and strives to break through the single dimension of traditional teaching mode,limitations such as method lag. This article conducts research on it through literature method and questionnaire method. Research shows that compared with the quality of the traditional teaching mode, the college table tennis teaching after optimizing the algorithm on the basis of big data has been improved overall.

Identifying and Prioritizing Investment Risks in Sports Projects

One of the biggest shortcomings of urban spaces in most cities of the country is the lack of suitable sports spaces, which in addition to improving the health of the general public, especially the youth, creates a lively environment and can boost the development of the tourism industry. Many projects in the country, especially sports, are slow or stopped due to not evaluating the relevant risks, so the purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize investment risks in the country's sports projects. The present study is a positive research in terms of philosophical foundations and is applied in terms of orientation. The statistical population of the study includes experts in the field of sports tourism and the sampling method has been done judgmentally. To conduct the research, in the first stage, the risks of investing in sports projects were assessed through literature review. The number of these risks was 15, and after screening with a Binominal test, 6 factors were excluded. The remaining 9 factors were evaluated in terms of degree of impact with Dematel technique and 5 factors, i.e. market risks, economic risks, legal risks, financing risks and stakeholder conflict risks were selected as the most effective risks in terms of net effect index. Finally, these 5 risks were ranked by Aras decision technique and it was observed that the economic, market and financing risks, had the highest priority.

Construction of the Development Model of Youth Sports Clubs

With the effective development of the healthy China strategy and national fitness, as an important group of national fitness, young people play a special role in the development of my country's sports industry. In recent years, youth sports clubs have played a very important role in youth amateur sports activities. The role has made a great contribution to the development of youth sports in my country. In order to promote this type of club to better serve young people, this article uses research methods of literature and logical analysis to study the nature of youth sports clubs as the starting point to clarify the problems and difficulties encountered in the development of youth clubs, and a new optimization path is proposed to provide a reference for the construction of the development model of youth sports clubs.