Development Indicators Of Countries Research Articles

The sports industry and its effect on the quality of life and regional development

AbstractBackgroundSport plays a significant role in shaping social life, the health of the nation and the development of regions. Studying the impact of the sports industry on the quality of life and regional development can help to better understand how sports influence the social, economic and cultural aspects of people's lives.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the impact of the sports industry on the quality of life and human development in developed and developing countries by analyzing the correlation and modeling of recognized world indices.MethodsThe research employed correlation analysis, regression analysis, and scenario modeling, utilizing publicly available international indices to determine the level of impact of sports on the country's development indicators. While investment in sports development may not be a straightforward decision for developing countries facing socio‐economic challenges, the study demonstrated the long‐term benefits of such investments through evidence‐based mathematical regression models and scenario modeling.ResultsThe study findings revealed that the advancement of the sports industry leads to improvements in the quality of life and human development in most of the studied regions.ConclusionMoreover, the scenario modeling suggested that the evolution of this field would further enhance the development of the quality of life.

სამშენებლო კომპანიების ფინანსური მდგომარეობის ანალიზი და მისი სრულყოფის მიმართულებები

The best way to objectively evaluate the proper functioning and financial results of construction companies is to analyze their financial situation. As a result of the analysis of the actual situation, it is possible to make a forecast about the future stability of the company, or on the contrary, based on the mentioned information, expected threats can be avoided. The purpose of the present study is to develop directions for improving the financial condition of construction companies and to formulate appropriate conclusions and recommendations based on the practical analysis of the financial condition of these companies. There are a number of serious gaps in the regulations in the construction sector, which require timely completion. The analysis of the current processes in the construction sector reveals that the field is currently developing on its own. It is necessary to fully introduce modern construction regulations in Georgia and to regulate the construction field. It is important that continuous and active work in this direction is carried out. Regulation of the construction sector should be implemented through the coordinated work of state agencies, international organizations, construction industry and academia. It is important to fully realize the importance of international standards and make decisions with the participation of a properly informed construction sector. In our opinion, for the state regulation of business, it is necessary to correctly analyze the country's development indicators, take into account specific conditions and determine the possible directions of business development. A rational coordination of strategic and operational goals should be implemented and an organic relationship between the market and the state should be established, as a result of which the relations between the state and the construction market will be causally interconnected. Based on the analysis of the results of the research carried out by us, it is possible to formulate the main conclusions and recommendations of the existing problems identified in the research process: • Preparation and analysis of financial statements will provide significant assistance to the construction companies themselves (both management and owners) in objective assessment of past activities and making correct forecasts, therefore the financial services of construction companies should permanently analyze the main indicators of financial statements, study changes in these indicators and negative Taking preventive measures in case of detection of trends. • The ability to analyze financial statements will increase the interest of potential investors in terms of investing in a specific company, which in itself will help construction companies to find an alternative source of financing, that is why companies should provide presentation of financial statements in the language of business; • The availability of financial statements will allow stakeholders to calculate average risk-weighted figures for this particular area so that investors can conduct comparative analysis. Therefore, companies should ensure that audited financial statements are published publicly; • Preparation and submission of financial statements will promote business transparency, which is part of corporate responsibility to the people who buy construction products. Therefore, we consider it expedient to implement special trainings for raising the qualifications of financial managers and accountants of the construction sector, which will be drawn up directly taking into account the specifics of the field and will help the personnel working in this field to carry out reliable and legally compliant activities. According to the results of the research, we evaluated the solvency of "Anagi" LLC and "Ace Georgia" LLC and we can conclude that "Anagi" LLC is characterized by a steadily increasing development trend according to each of the indicators given above, while the financial indicators of "Ace Georgia" LLC do not allow making reliable forecasts. Since the company is characterized by a downward trend and its financial result for the considered three years is a loss. In the process of searching for the causes of these radically different results, we came to the conclusion that if the organization perfectly produces not only financial statements, but also management statements, its successful operation is not threatened. In this process, management reporting information is important especially because it allows the company's management to develop relevant financial policies to achieve the company's financial stability and profit maximization.

Disparities in Cardiovascular Research Output and Disease Outcomes among High-, Middle- and Low-Income Countries - An Analysis of Global Cardiovascular Publications over the Last Decade (2008-2017).

Background:Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Health research is crucial to managing disease burden. Previous work has highlighted marked discrepancies in research output and disease burden between high-income countries (HICs) and low- and lower-middle-income countries (LI-LMICs) and there is little data to understand whether this gap has bridged in recent years. We conducted a global, country level bibliometric analysis of CVD publications with respect to trends in disease burden and county development indicators.Methods:A search filter with a precision and recall of 0.92 and 0.91 respectively was developed to extract cardiovascular publications from the Web of Science (WOS) for the years 2008–2017. Data for disease burden and country development indicators were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease and the World Bank database respectively.Results:Our search revealed 847,708 CVD publications for the period 2008–17, with a 43.4% increase over the decade. HICs contributed 81.1% of the global CVD research output and accounted for 8.1% and 8.5% of global CVD DALY losses deaths respectively. LI-LMICs contributed 2.8% of the total output and accounted for 59.5% and 57.1% global CVD DALY losses and death rates.Conclusions:A glaring disparity in research output and disease burden persists. While LI-LMICs contribute to the majority of DALYs and mortality from CVD globally, their contribution to research output remains the lowest. These data call on national health budgets and international funding support to allocate funds to strengthen research capacity and translational research to impact CVD burden in LI-LMICs.

The parable of arable land: Characterizing large scale land acquisitions through network analysis.

Land is a scarce resource and its depletion is related to a combination of demographic and economic factors. Hence, the changes in dietary habits and increase in world population that upturn the food demand, are intertwined with a context of increasing oil prices and rise of green capitalism that in turn impacts the demand in biofuel. A visible indicator of these phenomena is the increase, in recent years, of Large Scale Land Acquisitions (LSLAs) by private companies or states. Such land investments often lead to conflicts with local population and have raised issues regarding people’s rights, the role of different production models and land governance. The aim of this work is to show how publicly available data about LSLAs can be modeled into complex network structures, thus showing how the application of advanced network analysis techniques can be used to better understand land trade dynamics. We use data collected by the Land Matrix Initiative on LSLAs to model three land trade networks: a multi-sector network, a network centered on the mining sector and a network centered on the agriculture one. Then we provide an extended analysis of such networks which includes: (i) a structural analysis, (ii) the definition of a score, namely LSLA-score, which allows to rank the countries based on their investing/target role in the land trade network, (iii) an analysis of the land trade context which takes into account the LSLA-score ranking and the correlation between network features and several country development indicators, (iv) an analysis centered on the discover and analysis of network motifs (i.e., recurring patterns in the land trade network), which provides insights into complex and diverse relations between countries. Our analyses showed how the land trade market is massively characterized by a Global North-Global South dynamic, even if the investing power of emerging economies also has a major impact in creating relations between different sub-regions of the world. Moreover, the analyses on the mining and agriculture sectors highlighted how the role of several countries in the trade network may drastically change depending of the investment sector, showing diverse hierarchies between investor, intermediate and target countries.

Estimating the Global Demand and Delivery of Cancer Surgery.

Cancer is a leading cause of death and disability globally. While surgery remains a vital part of cancer management, access to surgical care remains inconsistent. Our objective was to estimate the global need for cancer-related surgery and to identify disparities in the surgeon workforce. The World Health Organization International Agency for Research on Cancer and the Global Cancer Observatory were queried for estimates on national incidences of 35 different malignancies. The proportion of patients requiring surgery for each of these cancers was extrapolated from the United States Surveillance, Epidemiology and End-Result database. The number of people requiring cancer surgery in each country was calculated and compared with the surgical workforce. Estimates were presented as choropleth maps. Associations were tested with country development indicators. An estimated 9,464,214 (95% CI 4,364,196-14,564,230) patients required cancer-related surgical care in 2018. An overall 1.24 people needed cancer surgery per 1000 population. This was related to income status (p < 0.01) and Human Development Index (r = 0.86, p < 0.001), with the largest need being in high-income countries. The number of people requiring cancer surgery per surgeon (CP-S ratio) ranged from 7.3 in the European region to 80 in the African regions. The CP-S ratio was 10 times higher for low- versus high-income countries (p < 0.001) and was inversely related to healthcare expenditure (r = -0.59, p < 0.001). An estimated 9.5 million people required cancer surgery globally. Low- and middle-income countries experience a severe and acute shortage of surgeons to provide for the cancer surgery needs of the population.

SPECIAL ASPECTS OF THE MODERN WORLD ECONOMY: TRANSITION FROM A UNIPOLAR TO A MULTIPOLAR WORLD SYSTEM

This paper reveals the consequences of the unipolar system of the world economy provided by the United States leadership in the military-technological, financial-economic, geopolitical and information-ideological spheres. It was established that after the collapse of the socialist camp, the concepts of ‘humanitarian intervention’ and ‘spreading democracy’ were brought to the forefront. In practice, Western European countries have demonstrated their readiness to judge the solutions of domestic political disputes in other countries of the world, especially when it comes to geopolitically important countries. A series of ‘colour revolutions’ have become a demonstration of this policy. Therefore, the globalization of the modern world does not mean the homogenization of development indicators of countries’, but instead leads to further delamination and inequality. The gap between the world leaders and the rest of the world in terms of indicators reflecting the dynamics of the standard of living, the quality of life, scientific and technological progress, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, has significantly increased.It is illustrated that attempts of the US to consolidate its hegemony in the form of ‘leadership’ in the world had led to the erosion of international legal principles enshrined in the United Nations Charter. Therefore, the United States attempts to solve the problems in Iraq and Afghanistan unilaterally has failed.The objective and subjective signs of a global restructuring of the existing unipolar world system are revealed.

Ethiopian energy status and demand scenarios: Prospects to improve energy efficiency and mitigate GHG emissions

The energy sector of Ethiopia continues to largely rely on traditional biomass energy due to limited access to modern energy sources to meet growing demand. Long-term energy demand forecasting is essential to guide the country's plans to expand the energy supply system. This study provides a general overview of Ethiopia's current energy demand and forecasts sector-wise energy demand out to 2030 for alternative policy scenarios using the Long-range Energy Alternative Planning (LEAP) model. The reference scenario assumes a continuation of recent energy consumption trends and takes account of current energy and economic dynamics. Three alternative scenarios on improved cookstoves, efficient lighting, and universal electrification scenario were identified as key priorities of the government of Ethiopia and modeled. Results from the model can assist energy planners in ensuring that the country's capacity for supply meets projected growth in demand for energy. They also shed light on the tradeoffs implicit in alternative policy priorities and investments in terms of economic development and environmental sustainability. Most importantly, the results suggest that alternative investments can conserve energy, improve environmental sustainability, enhance energy equity and improve the country's development indicators.

Consideraciones de los programas de formación de alto nivel en la política nacional de ciencia y tecnología en Colombia

El presente artículo analiza la evolución de las fases y etapas en el ciclo de la Política Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (PNCT) de Colombia, específicamente el programa de Formación de Alto Nivel de capital humano y su aporte a los indicadores de desarrollo del país. Se revisan las relaciones de la organización institucional y elementos de gobernanza para el avance de la PNCT, así como los principales hitos desde 1940 a la fecha. Se describen algunos de los elementos de política pública e iniciativas del gobierno nacional en la promoción de estrategias para la formación de personal con vocación científica y su incidencia en la competitividad y la innovación. Luego de la implementación de los programas e instrumentos de política pública se identifican impactos socioculturales y económicos en el marco del cumplimiento de los objetivos estratégicos del país y la posible coherencia conceptual en el ciclo de la política.

Будущее качества и систем менеджмента качества

Objective Discussing the gap between the ISO 9001 requirements and the trend of modern management development. Methods abstractlogical correlation analysis. nbsp Results the authors analyzed the practice of quality management systems certification according to the requirements of the ISO 9001. The analysis has shown that this standard is not consistent with the trends of management in the 21 century because it lacks orientation to person systemic approach and understanding of variability. In addition one of the key problems of the ISO 9001 is a considerable bureaucracy in the quality management systems certification. To substantiate the inconsistency of the standard to contemporary reality the authors make an attempt to evaluate the impact of certification on the development indicators of countries and to determine the need for such certification. To conduct the assessment we analyze the dynamics of the number of the issued certificates in terms of countries and industries. Basing on the analysis we come to the conclusion about the permanent reduction in the growth rate of the number of certificates. Then we make the correlation analysis between the number of the issued certificates and the number of indicators of socioeconomic development in the same countries such as GDP education level index corruption perception index etc. The result was the conclusion about the absence of a significant relationship between these indicators thus we consider it inappropriate to continue the certification of quality management systems to comply with the ISO 9001 requirements. In conclusion we set out proposals for the way out of the situation. Scientific novelty the use of economicmathematical methods to justify the rejection of further certification according to ISO 9001. Practical significance the conclusions formulated by the authors can be used in practical activities of organizations when deciding about the need for certification in accordance with ISO 9001 or rejection of such certification.

19. An analysis of Turkey s export competetiveness according to the SITC technology classification

The main purpose of this paper is to determine Turkey’s export competitiveness in respect of SITC Technology Classification. The classification has five different categories of goods, namely, raw-material-intense, labour-intense, capital-intense, easy-to-imitate and hard-to-imitate. For analysis, Turkey’s export data (US dollars) between 1996 and 2015 is used. Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) formula by Bela Balassa (1965) is taken as methodology to analyse. In compliance with Turkey’s RCAs of the period, it is found out that Turkey has competitiveness (comparative advantages) on the export of labour intensive and capital intensive goods while it has competitiveness disadvantage on the raw-material intense, easy-to-imitate and hard-to-imitate goods which are research-based goods. It means the goods exported by Turkey is mostly production of labour intense technology, thus it demonstrates that the labour factor is the most significant production factors for Turkey. However, Turkey has disadvantage on easy-to-imitate and hard-to-imitate researchdevelopment-based goods strengthen by innovation and high value added products, which are commonly accepted as development indicators for countries.

Donation Rates: What Matters?

IntroductionThe increase in the number of donors is the main objective of all transplantation organizations around the world. Further understanding of the factors involved in increasing donation rates is very important for planning future strategies to improve outcomes in each country. Objective and MethodWith this purpose we analyzed the relationship between social and economic factors of the countries and organizational aspects of health systems and institutions dedicated to transplantation in relation to the number of actual donors per million population. We analyzed rates of deceased donors per million population of Latin America, North America, and Europe (20 countries) and correlated them with the human development index and its most important indicators. We also studied the correlation with spending on health and organizational aspects of the health system. ResultsOn the one hand, we found that donation rates (DRs) per million population (pmp) were not statistically significantly correlated with the human development index (significant correlation 0.61 and 0.181). There is a correlation, albeit weak, between observed donation rates and gross domestic product (GDP) of each country (significance, 0.04; correlation, 0.46). On the other hand, there exists a strong correlation between the percentage of GDP spent on health and DRs pmp (significance, 0.01; correlation, 0.53). Those countries with an integrated national health system (P = .01) and a higher percentage of hospitals with intrahospital transplantation coordinators (P = .001) had higher DRs pmp. ConclusionsThe best DRs are closely linked to organizational aspects of the donation system in particular and the health system in general. There is a weak correlation between observed DRs and socio-economic and development indicators of countries. These data should be taken into account in planning future strategies to increase DRs, health plan policies, and investments.