Country Commercial Bank Research Articles

The Influence of International Trade on Banks' International Settlement and Analysis of Countermeasuress

With the advancement of economic globalization and integration, the economic and trade ties between countries and regions have been continuously strengthened, economic and trade exchanges have continued to increase, and the international settlement business between commercial banks has developed rapidly. In the ever-changing international market environment, China's booming international trade is also accompanied by a large number of trade frictions. The increasingly prominent international trade disputes have had an important impact on the international settlement business of my country's commercial banks, increasing the industry risk of settlement products. The non-performing loan ratio of banks has increased, reducing traditional settlement business trade. settlement. Based on the existing literature, this paper analyzes the impact of international trade disputes on the bank's international settlement business by taking the trade financing products of Bank H's international settlement business as an entry point. This paper specifically analyzes the impact of the escalation of Sino-US trade disputes on H-bank's international settlement business after the Sino-US trade war, and gives corresponding countermeasures. Taking Bank H's international settlement business as the research object, this paper adopts case analysis, summarization and other methods to study the impact of international trade disputes on Bank H's international settlement business from different dimensions, and analyzes the impact of international trade disputes on Bank H's international settlement business. The research conclusions of this paper will help Chinese-funded commercial banks to effectively manage the risks brought by international trade disputes, and also provide a useful reference for banks' international settlement customers to avoid and reduce the impact of international trade disputes on their own business.

Development and Transformation of Inclusive Finance in my Country's Commercial Banks

Different degrees of financial exclusion will exist in the process of financial development. Vulnerable groups such as low-income groups are often excluded from formal financial services and cannot obtain normal financial services. The concept of inclusive finance is based on such a reality. The realization of financial inclusion aims to enable economic entities at different levels of society to obtain the necessary and reasonable financial services and financial support. As the main body of my country's financial institution system, commercial banks are not only providers of inclusive financial services, but also play the role of leaders in inclusive financial innovation. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the capacity building of commercial banks' inclusive financial services and improve their inclusive financial services. The quality and efficiency of financial inclusion are related to the development level and sustainability of inclusive finance in the whole society. At present, my country's commercial banks are actively exploring and practicing digital transformation. Through the empowerment of financial technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence, they have developed inclusive financial services and product models to solve the problems of difficult and expensive financing for the private economy. This paper first introduces the dilemma of developing inclusive finance under the traditional model of commercial banks, mainly including information asymmetry, low level of management refinement, and insufficient customer coverage. The use of digitization can solve many problems in traditional models; finally, the article proposes inclusive finance for my country's commercial banks from the aspects of accelerating data application transformation, enriching customer acquisition scenarios, promoting digital process transformation, innovating risk control technology, and cultivating digital transformation professionals. Policy recommendations for digital transformation development.

The influence of stall economy on the development of commercial banks

Under the influence of novel coronavirus pneumonia,China's economy suffered a great impact in 2020. In order to relieve the pressure of employment and release the atmosphere of urban fireworks,it is proposed to activate the stall economy during the two sessions in 2020. The development of stall economy can effectively stimulate consumption,activate the market,increase employment and promote the development of the tertiary industry. As a financial medium,commercial banks are an important part of the development of stall economy. This paper mainly studies the specific impact of the development of stall economy on commercial banks through data analysis method,and puts forward a series of suggestions,which has certain practical significance for the development of my country's commercial banks.

Risk of credit assessment of Chinese bank of commerce based on KMW model and its empirical research

Taking Chinese commercial banks credit risk into account, we analyse a situation of many listed commercial banks. Based on the sample Banks’ financial data in recent years, an analysis of measurement model of risk of credit, using the KMV model to measure bank’s risk of credit, and monitor the model of our country commercial bank risk of credit measurement in practical, to find a suitable way for the reality of our country’s risk of credit model to enhance the competitiveness of Chinese commercial banks.

Research on the Contrast and Reference of Commercial Bank Risk Management of International Studies based on the Interest Rate Marketization

In this paper, we conduct research on the contrast and reference of commercial bank risk management of international studies based on the interest rate marketization. Market-oriented interest rate reform is in view of the interest rate control, refers to the regulation of regulators relaxed lending and deposit rates that removes the protection of bank spreads and make money prices determined by market supply and demand fully. Under this condition, lets of risks can be expected. How to understand the causes of credit risk to strengthen the management of credit risk and controls guards against and dissolve that have become our country commercial bank operation and management activities of the urgent need to solve the problem. This article proposes the potential solutions for the mentioned challenges that are meaningful.

The Risks of Commercial Banks on Interest Rate Marketization

The interest rate of market reform and deepening of our country commercial bank stability and sustainable development of the important and far-reaching impact. Is the core of modern economy and financial interest rates, as the price of money, interest rate plays an important role in the allocation of resources. As the interest rate market advance, domestic commercial bank's overall risk level is lower than the optimal risk. In this paper, in combination with the practical situation of the market, on how the commercial Banks under the background of market-oriented interest rate risk prevention, risk aversion caused by excessive systemic risks are expounded.

COMMERCIAL BANKS AND LDC DEBT REDUCTION

This paper investigates the relationship between the probability of default of lesser developed country commercial bank debt and the level of debt reduction granted by commercial banks. The analysis tests this relationship by regressing debt reduction totals for 29 middle‐income debtors on 11 default probability indicators over the years 1985 through 1993 and finds a statistically significant relationship between the expected probability of default and the level of debt reduction. However, the findings fail to determine clearly the overall direction of this relationship. Thus, the evidence is insufficient to support the conclusion that the banks have behaved systematically as if they believed a debt‐relief Laffer curve existed.

DETERMINING AN OPTIMAL CAPITAL STANDARD FOR THE BANKING INDUSTRY

DURING THE LAST CENTURY the expansion of this country's commercial banks has been financed with less and less capital relative to debt. While many bankers have delighted in the increased leverage that declining capital positions allowed them, some economists and most regulators regard this trend with considerable skepticism. These economists are concerned that lower capital may lead to more bank failures, jeopardizing the financial stability and the viability of the present monetary exchange system. They have proposed various plans to prevent economic loss to depositors in the event of bank failures, Mayer [1965], and to heighten awareness of potential failures, Cohen [1970]. Regulatory authorities are convinced that allowing bank capital positions to erode is neither safe nor proper, and they have resisted this trend. Supervisory authorities argue that additional restraints on capital adequacy are needed to protect the public's interest in the financial system. They contend that the losses sustained when a bank fails exceed the costs borne by investors in the bank's securities because of the public nature of its liabilities; see for example, Shay [1974] and Watson [1974].

The Demand for International Liquidity: A Test of the Square-Root Law

In analyzing the demand for international liquidity, one can distinguish liquidity held for transactions purposes from that held for precautionary purposes. (This distinction was first applied in [5] .) former balances are assets of a country's commercial banks, the latter of its central bank and treasury. In precise terms, commercial banks' foreign exchange is used to finance international transactions in general, irrespective of the state of the country's balance of payments, while official reserves are employed solely to finance deficits and surpluses in the balance of payments. For both transactions and precautionary balances, a theory of demand depending exclusively on the volume of international transactions has been proposed. However, a comprehensive measure of the volume of international transactions has never been applied in empirical work on the demand for international liquidity. Rather, trade only in goods (specifically, commodity imports) has been the sole measure of transactions utilized. Indeed, most writers simply equate merchandise trade with total international transactions. For example, Williamson declares, The question that remains is whether the growth of trade will raise the demand for reserves. [16, p. 696] genesis of the analysis of the transactions demand for foreign exchange is Baumol's result [2] that an individual household or firm has a 0.5 elasticity of des mand for cash with respect to the value of its transactions. Baumol's model involves

State Banking: A Study in Dual Regulation

State-chartered banks have been on the American scene since the earliest days of the Republic. A number of them, even today, operate under special charters granted by their state legislatures in the days before general incorporation statutes. By i868, however, only five years after the creation of a system of federally chartered national banks, state banking seemed to be on the way out. Conversions to national charter had been widespread, largely because of a prohibitive federal tax on banknotes issued by state-chartered banks, and the number of commercial banks under state supervision throughout the country dwindled to 247. From that low point, the number of state-chartered banks increased steadily as commercial banks made more and more use of demand deposits as money and less and less use of banknotes. Today, state-chartered banks account for roughly two-thirds of the nation's i4,ooo commercial banks. In addition, all of the nation's mutual savings banks, all of the nation's stock savings and loan associations, and sixty-three per cent of the nation's mutual savings and loan associations are state-chartered. These figures, however, overstate the actual strength of the principal financial institutions under state supervision. More than $220 billion of the nation's commercial bank assets are held by federally chartered national banks, while less than $i6o billion of such assets are held by state-chartered commercial banks. Put another way, the average national bank has $45.7 million in assets and the average statechartered commercial bank only $17.6 million in assets. Similarly, the far less numerous federal savings and loan associations hold $67 billion of the nation's savings and loan assets as contrasted with the $63 billion in assets held by all state-chartered associations. As a result, the average asset size of federal savings and loan associations-33 million-is more than twice the $15 million average asset size of statechartered associations. It is only because state banking systems include $58 billion in assets held by the nation's mutual savings banks, all of which are state-chartered, that they can boast forty-nine per cent of the total assets held by all the country's commercial banks, savings banks, and savings and loan associations. Two other statistical observations might be made which place the nation's state banking systems in proper perspective. The first is that among the larger financial institutions which have a choice between federal or state supervision, a substantial majority have chosen federal supervision. Thus, of the nation's 397 commercial banks with deposits of more than $ioo million, sixty-three per cent are national banks under