Counting Procedure Research Articles

Policy implementation and strategic effects: Assessing the impact of parliamentary thresholds on Indonesia’s political system and governance

This study examines the impact of parliamentary thresholds on the Indonesian political system through the lens of the Routine Policy Implementation Model and the Strategic Policy Implementation Model. The main objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of parliamentary thresholds in managing political fragmentation, assess their impact on stability and representation in the legislative system, and understand their implementation’s technical and strategic implications. Using a qualitative approach supported by interview studies and field observations, this research combines analysis of election data in the 2009, 2014, and 2019 elections with a qualitative assessment of policy changes and political dynamics. The Routine Policy Implementation Model focuses on the technical aspects of threshold implementation, including vote counting procedures and seat allocation efficiency. Meanwhile, the Strategic Policy Implementation Model examines the broader implications of these thresholds for political consolidation, government effectiveness, and the representation of minor parties. The results show that the parliamentary threshold has significantly reduced political fragmentation by consolidating the number of parties in Parliament, resulting in a legislative system that is cleaner and easier to administer. However, this consolidation has also marginalized small parties and limited political diversity. The novelty of this study lies in its comprehensive analysis of how parliamentary thresholds affect administrative efficiency and strategic political stability in Indonesia, compared to democratic countries in transition, such as Slovenia and Montenegro. In conclusion, although parliamentary thresholds have increased political stability and government effectiveness, they have also raised concerns about the reduced representation of small and regional parties. The study recommends maintaining balanced thresholds that ensure stability and diversity, implementing mechanisms to review thresholds periodically, and involving diverse stakeholders in adjusting policies to reflect evolving political dynamics. This approach will help balance the need for a stable legislative environment with broad representation.

Graphic type differentiation of cell count data for diagnosis of early and late periprosthetic joint infection: A new method.

Graphic type differentiation of cell count data of synovial aspirates is a new method for the diagnosis of early and late periprosthetic joint infection. The aim of the study was to analyse if the same 6 LMNE-types can be differentiated in the new Yumizen H500 cell counter as it was the case for the old cell counter ABX Pentra XL 80 of previous publications, to verify if the erythrocyte and thrombocyte curves of the new device give additional information and to calculate the difference of cell count in LMNE-type I and III (with abrasion) in the cell counter and in the manual counting chamber (Neubauer improved). 450 aspirates of 152 total hip arthroplasties and 298 knee arthroplasties obtained for the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection were analysed with the Yumizen H500. All LMNE-matrices of the 450 aspirates could assigned to one of the six LMNE-types. There were 76 LMNE-type I, 72 LMNE-type II, 14 LMNE-type III, 241 LMNE-type IV, 36 LMNE-type V and 12 LMNE-type VI. The erythrocyte and thrombocyte distribution curves were very helpful for differentiation of hematoma and infection. The cell count in the manual counting procedure was lower than in the cell counter: for the LMNE-type I (abrasion type) the median of the difference was 925/μL (median) and for the LMNE-type III (combined type of infection and abrasion) 3570/μL (median). The described graphic type differentiation is a new and helpful method for differentiation of hematoma and early PJI as well as abrasion and late PJI.

The New F-word: The case of fragmentation in Dutch cybersecurity governance

The fragmentation of the Dutch cybersecurity government landscape is a widely discussed phenomenon among politicians, policy makers, and cybersecurity specialists. Remarkably though, a negative narrative is underlying the idea of fragmentation, suggesting that we are dealing with a serious problem. A problem that has the potential of impeding cybersecurity governance in the Netherlands. This research zooms in on how cybersecurity governance is organised within the central government, and which organisations are concerned with the creation, implementation, and oversight of cybersecurity policies vis à vis Dutch society. This article provides an overview of all central government organisations (de Rijksoverheid) that are involved in cybersecurity governance on a strategic level. This research provides the first step in doctoral research into the possible implications of the fragmentation of cybersecurity governance in the Dutch central government, and how this fragmentation could potentially impact policy creation, implementation, and oversight. Based on the mapping of this governance landscape, it set out to measure fragmentation based on the number of units or organisations that are concerned with cybersecurity governance in the central government on a strategic level. This study has found that based on Boyne's (1992) notion of fragmentation and the Dutch governments’ definition of tiers, the Dutch cybersecurity governance landscape could indeed, when meticulously following Boyne's counting procedure, be regarded as fragmented.

Weaker groupitizing abilities in magnitude perception in dyscalculia

The mechanisms underlying simple arithmetic difficulties in dyscalculia are unknown. Evidence suggests deficiencies may arise from basic processes supporting magnitude perception and arithmetic proficiency. We focused on ‘groupitizing’, the ability to decompose and recompose quantities into a whole, examining whether adults with dyscalculia could benefit from visuospatial grouping cues when asked to estimate the quantity of a given set of different number ranges. Results showed adults with dyscalculia tended to focus on individual items rather than grouping them, resulting in low estimation abilities in both small and large quantity ranges. However, the results highlight the importance of differentiating between large and small quantities in the groupitizing process: only where arithmetic was easy (small but not large quantities), were adults with dyscalculia able to demonstrate significant improvement when given grouping cues. Our findings suggest weaker groupitizing abilities play a significant role in magnitude perception and arithmetic proficiency levels in dyscalculia. Educational relevance statementPeople with dyscalculia have difficulties in basic arithmetic that impact their life in many ways, from simple tasks such as calculating change, to life-changing events such as entering higher education or making financial decisions. They use immature counting strategies to solve simple arithmetic questions despite otherwise intact intellectual abilities. The reasons for this are unclear. We argued there may be a link between simple arithmetic proficiency and quantity perception processes. Our study investigated the mechanisms underlying quantity perception that play a role in dyscalculia deficiencies. We focused on ‘groupitizing,’ a process that enables a person to estimate a given quantity more efficiently by recomposing subgroups rather than simply using a counting strategy. The findings suggested a disadvantage in basic groupitizing in people with dyscalculia. Moreover, counting procedures interfered with groupitizing processes and hindered arithmetic proficiency.

Equilibrium evaporation coefficients quantified as transmission probabilities for monatomic fluids

Equilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are used to investigate the liquid/vapor interface where particle exchange between the liquid and vapor phase is quantified in terms of the evaporation and condensation coefficient. The coefficients are extracted from MD simulations via a particle counting procedure. This requires defining a vapor boundary position for which we introduce an accurate and robust method and present a comparative study with existing methods from the literature. This novel method relies on the behavior of the flux coefficient within the interphase region by scanning the position of a particle sink boundary from the liquid toward the vapor phase. We find a distinct local maxima is attained on the vapor side of the interphase that is identified as the vapor boundary position based on an interpretation of transmission probability theory and the Kullback–Leibler divergence. The ratio of the evaporation flux to the outgoing flux at this location is defined as the evaporation coefficient. This method retains the simplicity of existing methods but eliminates several disadvantages. We apply this method to MD simulations of monatomic fluids neon, argon, krypton, and xenon. We observe a correlation between the molecular transport parameter appearing in the transmission probability theory and the characteristic interface fluctuation length scale from the capillary wave theory. This gives an expression for the evaporation coefficient that agrees well with values extracted from MD using the particle counting procedure. Compared to existing methods, the evaporation/condensation coefficient is determined more accurately for temperatures between the triple and critical points.

Sensitivity of the Modified Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Sign-Rank Control Chart to Process Changes in Counted Data

Control charts are generally used to detect mean process changes in continuous processes. However, counting procedures that characterize product quality are popular in production processes, such as the number of defects or the proportion of defective products. This research aims to investigate using the Modified Exponentially Weighted Moving Average combined with a nonparametric Sign Rank control chart, namely MEWMA-SR chart is a novel tool. Comparative analyses involving different run length measures are conducted to evaluate the proposed scheme against MEWMA, MEWMA-SR, and classical EWMA charts. The performance of the MEWMA-SR chart is assessed using Monte Carlo simulations based on its run-length profiles. It was found that the proposed combination control chart was effective in detecting changes better than other control charts along with presenting applications with real data. A study further validates the proposed chart’s practical utility through a case study analyzing COVID-19 mortality data.

Undiagnosed, uncomplicated foreign body in abdominal cavity – A case of medical negligence

When a retained surgical foreign body occurs, it poses significant risks to patients, potentially resulting in life-threatening complications. This paper presents the case report of dead body of a female of about 32 years of age brought for medicolegal post-mortem examination with a history of sudden death. Internal examinations revealed adhesion present around the right ovary, right fallopian tube, ceacum, omentum and large intestine with 100 ml free fluid in abdominal cavity. On careful blunt dissection of adhesion, a gauze piece was observed in the abdomen cavity that too is having firmly adherent to the surrounding organs. On removing it was of size 29 × 15 cm, yellowish - white in color. This underscores the need for continuous vigilance and adherence to established counting procedures throughout the surgical process to minimize the risk of such adverse events. Excellent communication among surgeons, nurses, and anesthetists during the procedure is key to success.

Estimating the optimal duration of random loading as part of machine part durability research

Aim. Making an informed decision regarding the durability of machine parts requires information on the operational load that needs to be measured on a representative section of the track. It should not be too long as well. Thus, it is required to determine the optimal duration of implementation. The duration of implementation that is optimal in terms of the reliability of load registration is defined for a process that is stationary in a special sense. Stationarity in a special sense is defined specifically for the task of assessing the durability of a specific part. Methods. The use of spectral theory for the study of random processes is probably not the best way of examining non-stationary loading processes in the context of durability assessment. We believe it would be optimal to use a cycle counting procedure (rain flow method) with subsequent calculation of durability. A lemma and a theorem were formulated on the sufficient duration of implementation for a process that is stationary in a special sense. A sufficient duration of implementation is defined as a limit past which its increase will not lead to a noticeable change in the calculated durability. Results. The matters of stationarity of a process in a narrow sense and the required duration of implementation will help in planning operational tests to measure and record random processes of machine part loading. Both matters were examined in terms of fatigue damage accumulation using Miner linear damage rule, as well as the adjusted linear damage summation hypothesis taking into account the fatigue curve slope parameter m. Some practical engineering problems were examined, including the problem of the optimal duration of implementation of a mining machine whose loading process is characterized by a high degree of irregularity and the problem of finding the required duration of implementation of load recording in a rolling stock component. Conclusion. A theorem on the required and sufficient duration of implementation was formulated. In order to test the method, Markov transition matrix-based model processes were used. In addition, the method and theorem were tested using examples of some experimental processes obtained from operational tests of vehicles and production machines.

«Скорость нужна, а поспешность вредна»: конституционность механизма отстранения члена участковой избирательной комиссии

The article examines the temporal aspects of the procedure for the removal of a member of a polling station commission in Russia. The legislator has established a reduced time frame for considering an administrative claim — it shall be considered no later than the day following the day it is received by the court. However, the courts interpret this provision in such a way that it allows them to notify a commission member of the hearing in an extremely short period of time. Moreover, the courts tend to schedule a hearing at the time when the vote counting procedure is underway, without taking into account the real need for the immediate removal of a member of a polling station commission. The author believes that such an approach violates constitutional requirements, since it deprives an administrative defendant of the opportunity to prepare for a case, find a qualified lawyer and collect evidence on time.

“APPROXIMATE” WIGGLE-MATCH DATING APPLIED TO EARLY AMERICAN MUSEUM OBJECTS

ABSTRACT Wiggle-match dating of tree-ring sequences is particularly promising for achieving high-resolution dating across periods with reversals and plateaus in the calibration curve, such as the entire post-Columbian period of North American history. Here we describe a modified procedure for wiggle-match dating that facilitates precise dating of wooden museum objects while minimizing damage due to destructive sampling. We present two case studies, a dugout canoe and wooden trough, both expected to date to the 18th–19th century. (1) Tree rings were counted and sampled for dating from exposed, rough cross-sections in the wood, with no or minimal surface preparation, to preserve these fragile objects; (2) dating focused on the innermost and outermost portions of the sequences; and (3) due to the crude counting and sampling procedures, the wiggle-match was approximated using a simple ordered Sequence, with gaps defined as Intervals. In both cases, the outermost rings were dated with precision of 30 years or better, demonstrating the potential of wiggle-match dating for post-European Contact canoes and other similar objects.

A spatial analysis of intra-regional transport accessibility using the GIS network analysis: the case of Anabar and Nizhnekolymsky districts)

A spatial analysis of intra-regional transport accessibility of settlements in the Arctic districts of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) by GIS is an urgent task and can become a necessary support for the processes of decision-making and planning of sustainable development of these territories. The purpose of the study is to perform a spatial analysis of intra– regional transport accessibility of settlements in remote Arctic regions of Yakutia on the example of Anabarsky and Nizhnekolymsky districts. On the basis of the GIS network analysis and calculated coefficients of density of the transport network, the assessment of transport accessibility of the study areas according to winter and summer scenarios was carried out. The automobile and river networks were built on the basis of data from open cartographic sources: OpenStreetMaps and Google Earth Engine, the atlas of highways of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). On the basis of satellite images of Landsat 5, 8 and Sentinel 2, non-official (informal) roads that play an important role in communications between settlements were decrypted and digitized. QGIS and ArcGIS programs were used to perform network analysis and build a map of time availability of the settlements using isochronous method. The created maps clearly show the availability of settlements by time interval. The conducted research made it possible to determine that remote sensing and geoinformation systems are key tools for a spatial analysis of transport infrastructure. Using this tools, it is possible to conduct network analysis of various levels of complexity, as well as build graphs of the transport network, greatly simplifying the counting procedure. The paper tested a method that allows to identify unofficial roads in the Arctic, and the presented methods of GIS analysis and modeling that can be used for further deeper network analytics and graph theory to improve the methodology for studying the transport accessibility of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

Recommendations for Validation of Automated Viable Cell Counting Methods (Review)

Introduction. The quality of viable cell-based products (such as biomedical cell products and advanced therapy medicinal products) must be maintained during the full production cycle to ensure their safety and efficacy for patients. The minimum required number of viable cells is one of the quality control criteria in the final product release specifications. This study looks into the process of validation of automated viable cell counting methods.Text. The study reviewed the latest data on specific validation characteristics for automated cell counters as compared to manual counting methods. We identified the main problems with the validation methods. Based on the review of scientific and regulatory literature, we identified the key validation parameters, methods of their evaluation and measurement, and reporting of results. We described the validation algorithm for an automated cell counter, including such steps as the selection of reference standards, selection of the number of experimental points, experimental design, mathematical evaluation of the obtained results, and determination of the acceptance criteria.Conclusion. Based on the data reviewed, the authors developed recommendations for the validation of automated viable cell counting procedures.

Neural networks allow the automatic verification of the type of flour, analysing the starch granule morphology, to ensure the protected geographical indication ‘Galician Bread’

Quality control of flour is essential to control the quality of bread produced from it. We propose a control method based on the morphological characteristics of the granules of starch. The automation of the identification, segmentation and determination of the average size of the granules of starch of each of the cereals that make up a flour, from microscopy images, is an essential procedure for producers who want to produce bread under the protected geographical indication (PGI) ‘Galician Bread’. This identification and counting procedure, if performed manually, is a tedious activity for a trained expert, and is very time consuming. Thus, automating this task would streamline the process, in addition to saving a great deal of time. This paper addresses this problem by using deep learning approaches (Mask R–CNN) to predict the type of the granule of starch and its size for the first time. The trained models are then evaluated with the same raw microscopy images of these granules observed under polarized light, as has been previouly used for manual identification and counting. A dataset comprising 1308 2564 × 1924-pixel images is analysed. The images contain 17000 labelled granules of starch for two types of wheat: commercial wheat flour from ‘Castilla’ (type 0) and the Galician autochthonous flour ‘Caaveiro’ (type 1). The number of samples is approximately the same for each class. Instance segmentation with Mask R–CNN (Model II) achieved valid results for unseen images, with a categorical global accuracy of about 88.6% and with a discrepancy with respect to the areas of the granules as estimated by a human expert of less than 4%. The performance achieved by Mask R–CNN produces a strong correlation between the results of an expert and the results of the network, confirming the practical validity of our proposal.

Design and Performance of a Low-Cost, Portable Platelet Counter for Point-of-Care and at-Home Use

Background Patients with recurrent or chronic moderate-to-severe thrombocytopenia can experience a marked reduction in quality of life due to the need for regular blood draws, frequent contact with the health care system, and potential for bleeding complications requiring emergency department visits and/or hospital admissions. To improve quality of life while maintaining effective platelet monitoring, we introduce a portable, point-of-care platelet counter that can be used in any health care setting or at home. Methods Obtaining a platelet count requires three components: a counter, staining modality, and erythrocyte lysing agent. The counting device described here is the Athelas One, a small cylindrical device containing a miniaturized microscope embedded with a control board. A strip containing a stained microfluidic channel approximately 10µm tall and thus suitable for a monolayer of blood cells houses the sample. An ammonium oxalate solution is used to lyse the erythrocytes in the capillary sample. Images of the blood sample are acquired and then analyzed using a convolutional neural network to yield platelet counts. To use the device, a patient pricks his or her finger and collects 20µL of blood in a K2EDTA-coated minivette. The blood is mixed with the lysing agent and inserted into the strip, which in turn is inserted into the device. A platelet count is obtained within 5 minutes. In this observational study, we enrolled 233 adults at least 21 years of age with normal platelet counts at a single teaching hospital. Non-hematological illness was allowed. Each patient's platelet count was obtained using both capillary samples processed on Athelas One and paired anticoagulated venous samples processed on a standard hematology analyzer, the Sysmex XS-1000i (SX). Platelet counts from Athelas One and SX were compared using a Passing-Bablok regression model with a Pearson correlation coefficient. Bland-Altman analysis was also performed. Confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a Student's t-distribution. Least squares regression modeled the relationship between time necessary to collect capillary samples and bias between Athelas One and SX. Analyses were conducted in R. Results A strong linear relationship was observed between Athelas One and SX: Passing-Bablok regression revealed a slope of 0.98 and a y-intercept estimate of -16.45 (Figure), and the Pearson correlation-coefficient was 0.70. Bland-Altman statistics revealed an average percent difference of -8.66% (95% CI: -6.55% to -10.77%), reflecting a bias of Athelas One to undercount as compared with SX. In an effort to explain the predilection for undercounting, device performance was analyzed as a function of sample collection time. Least squares regression revealed a slope of -1.08 (95% CI: -1.55 to -0.61) and a y-intercept estimate of 8.16 (95% CI: -12.15 to 28.47). The Pearson correlation-coefficient was 0.54. Conclusion Athelas One compared favorably with SX. The bias for undercounting may be a consequence of a pseudothrombocytopenia phenomenon due to platelet activation and clot formation prior to sample collection, which sequesters platelets out of solution. This hypothesis is supported by the fact that longer time needed to collect the capillary sample correlated with larger negative bias between Athelas One and SX. To improve agreement, a number of methods in the counting procedure, namely sample collection, could be altered. A potential solution involves wiping the finger with an anticoagulant prior to sample collection to discourage clot formation. This proof-of-concept analysis demonstrates the plausibility of point-of-care platelet monitoring. Future work will focus on validating Athelas One in thrombocytopenic and thrombocytotic samples.

An empirically informed account of numbers as reifications

AbstractThe field of numerical cognition provides a fairly clear picture of the processes through which we learn basic arithmetical facts. This scientific picture, however, is rarely taken as providing a response to a much‐debated philosophical question, namely, the question of how we obtain number knowledge, since numbers are usually thought to be abstract entities located outside of space and time. In this paper, I take the scientific evidence on how we learn arithmetic as providing a response to the philosophical question of how we obtain number knowledge. I reject the view that numbers are abstract entities located outside of space and time and, alternatively, derive from the scientific evidence a novel account of the nature of numbers. In this account, numbers are reifications of the counting procedure and arithmetic statements are seen as describing the functioning of counting and calculation techniques.

The algorithmic origins of counting.

The study of how children learn numbers has yielded one of the most productive research programs in cognitive development, spanning empirical and computational methods, as well as nativist and empiricist philosophies. This paper provides a tutorial on how to think computationally about learning models in a domain like number, where learners take finite data and go far beyond what they directly observe or perceive. To illustrate, this paper then outlines a model which acquires a counting procedure using observations of sets and words, extending the proposal of Piantadosi etal. (2012). This new version of the model responds to several critiques of the original work and outlines an approach which is likely appropriate for acquiring further aspects of mathematics.

Hybrid Approach to Colony-Forming Unit Counting Problem Using Multi-Loss U-Net Reformulation.

Colony-Forming Unit (CFU) counting is a complex problem without a universal solution in biomedical and food safety domains. A multitude of sophisticated heuristics and segmentation-driven approaches have been proposed by researchers. However, U-Net remains the most frequently cited and used deep learning method in these domains. The latter approach provides a segmentation output map and requires an additional counting procedure to calculate unique segmented regions and detect microbial colonies. However, due to pixel-based targets, it tends to generate irrelevant artifacts or errant pixels, leading to inaccurate and mixed post-processing results. In response to these challenges, this paper proposes a novel hybrid counting approach, incorporating a multi-loss U-Net reformulation and a post-processing Petri dish localization algorithm. Firstly, a unique innovation lies in the multi-loss U-Net reformulation. An additional loss term is introduced in the bottleneck U-Net layer, focusing on the delivery of an auxiliary signal that indicates where to look for distinct CFUs. Secondly, the novel localization algorithm automatically incorporates an agar plate and its bezel into the CFU counting techniques. Finally, the proposition is further enhanced by the integration of a fully automated solution, which comprises a specially designed uniform Petri dish illumination system and a counting web application. The latter application directly receives images from the camera, processes them, and sends the segmentation results to the user. This feature provides an opportunity to correct the CFU counts, offering a feedback loop that contributes to the continued development of the deep learning model. Through extensive experimentation, the authors of this paper have found that all probed multi-loss U-Net architectures incorporated into the proposed hybrid approach consistently outperformed their single-loss counterparts, as well as other comparable models such as self-normalized density maps and YOLOv6, by at least 1% to 3% in mean absolute and symmetric mean absolute percentage errors. Further significant improvements were also reported through the means of the novel localization algorithm. This reaffirms the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid solution in addressing contemporary challenges of precise in vitro CFU counting.

Neural evidence for procedural automatization during cognitive development: Intraparietal response to changes in very-small addition problem-size increases with age

Cognitive development is often thought to depend on qualitative changes in problem-solving strategies, with early developing algorithmic procedures (e.g., counting when adding numbers) considered being replaced by retrieval of associations (e.g., between operands and answers of addition problems) in adults. However, algorithmic procedures might also become automatized with practice. In a large cross-sectional fMRI study from age 8 to adulthood (n = 128), we evaluate this hypothesis by measuring neural changes associated with age-related reductions in a behavioral hallmark of mental addition, the problem-size effect (an increase in solving time as problem sum increases). We found that age-related decreases in problem-size effect were paralleled by age-related increases of activity in a region of the intraparietal sulcus that already supported the problem-size effect in 8- to 9-year-olds, at an age the effect is at least partly due to explicit counting. This developmental effect, which was also observed in the basal ganglia and prefrontal cortex, was restricted to problems with operands ≤ 4. These findings are consistent with a model positing that very-small arithmetic problems–and not larger problems–might rely on an automatization of counting procedures rather than a shift towards retrieval, and suggest a neural automatization of procedural knowledge during cognitive development.

The componential nature of arithmetical cognition: some important questions.

Research on typically developing children and adults and people with developmental and acquired dyscalculia converges in indicating that arithmetical ability is not unitary but is made up of many different components. Categories of components include non-symbolic quantity representation and processing; symbolic quantity representation and processing; counting procedures and principles; arithmetic operations; arithmetical knowledge and understanding; multiple forms and applications of conceptual knowledge of arithmetic; and domain-general abilities such as attention, executive functions and working memory. There is much evidence that different components can and often do show considerable functional independence, not only in developmental and acquired dyscalculia, but in typically achieving children and adults. At the same time, it is possible to find complex interactions and bidirectional relationships between the different components, including between domain-specific and apparently domain-general abilities. There is a great deal that still needs to be discovered. In particular, we need to learn more about the origins in infancy of subitizing and approximate magnitude comparison, the extent to which these interact, the extent to which they may be further divisible, and the extent and ways in which they themselves may develop with age and the extent to which they may influence later-developing components. There also needs to be a lot more research on exactly how domain-general and domain-specific abilities contribute to mathematical development, and how they interact with one another.

Comparison of the Efficiency of Selected Disinfectants against Planktonic and Biofilm Populations of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of selected food disinfectants on planktonic populations of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and on the same microorganisms (MOs) incorporated in a biofilm. Two disinfectants were used for treatment: peracetic acid-based disinfectant (P) and benzalkonium chloride-based disinfectant (D). Testing of their efficacy on the selected MO populations was performed using a quantitative suspension test. The standard colony counting procedure was used to determine their efficacy on bacterial suspensions in tryptone soy agar (TSA). The germicidal effect (GE) of the disinfectants was determined based on the decimal reduction ratio. For both MOs, 100% GE was achieved at the lowest concentration (0.1%) and after the shortest exposure time (5 min). Biofilm production was confirmed with a crystal violet test on microtitre plates. Both E. coli and S. aureus showed strong biofilm production at 25 °C with E. coli showing significantly higher adherence capacity. Both disinfectants show a significantly weaker GE on 48 h biofilms compared to the GE observed after application of the same concentrations on planktonic cells of the same MOs. Complete destruction of the viable cells of the biofilms was observed after 5 min of exposure to the highest concentration tested (2%) for both disinfectants and MOs tested. The anti-quorum sensing activity (anti-QS) of disinfectants P and D was determined via a qualitative disc diffusion method applied to the biosensor bacterial strain Chromobacterium violaceum CV026. The results obtained indicate that the disinfectants studied have no anti-QS effect. The inhibition zones around the disc therefore only represent their antimicrobial effect.