Counseling Satisfaction Research Articles

Randomized control trial comparing genetic counseling service delivery models in an underserved population.

This randomized controlled trial compares outcomes of telephone versus in-person genetic counseling service models in underserved, bilingual patient populations referred for cancer genetic counseling. Between 2022 and 2023, a two-arm (telephone vs. in-person genetic counseling) prospective, randomized controlled study with 201 participants was conducted at two county hospital cancer genetics clinics. Primary outcomes included comparison of pre- and post-genetic counseling genetics knowledge (Multi-dimensional Model of Informed Choice, MMIC), genetic counseling visit satisfaction (Genetic Counseling Satisfaction Scale, GCSS), and genetic counseling visit completion rates. Secondary outcomes included comparison of genetic testing attitudes and informed choice (MMIC), genetic counseling-specific empowerment (Genomic Outcomes Scale, GOS), and genetic testing completion and cancellation/failure rates, using linear regression models (significance ≤0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between arms in pre/post-genetic counseling MMIC knowledge and attitude, GOS or GCSS scores or genetic counseling completion. While more participants in the telephone versus in-person arm made an informed choice about testing (52.5% v. 39.0%, p = 0.0552), test completion was lower (74% v. 100%, p < 0.05) for this group. Genetic counseling completion rates and MMICknowledge and attitude, GOS, and GCSS scores suggest telephone genetic counseling is comparable to in-person genetic counseling for underserved populations. Higher informed choice scores and significantly lower testing completion rates for telephone visits require further study.

Evaluating changes in functioning and psychological distress in visitors of the @ease youth mental health walk-in centres.

Highly accessible youth initiatives worldwide aim to prevent worsening of mental health problems, but research into outcomes over time is scarce. This study aimed to evaluate outcomes and support use in 12- to 15-year-old visitors of the @ease mental health walk-in centres, a Dutch initiative offering free counselling by trained and supervised peers. Data of 754 visitors, collected 2018-2022, included psychological distress (Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation 10 (CORE-10)), social and occupational functioning (Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS)), school absenteeism and support use, analysed with change indicators (first to last visit), and mixed models (first three visits). Among return visitors, 50.5% were female, 79.4% were in tertiary education and 36.9% were born outside of The Netherlands (one-time visitors: 64.7%, 72.9% and 41.3%, respectively). Moreover, 29.9% of return visitors presented with suicidal ideations, 97.1% had clinical psychological distress levels, and 64.1% of the latter had no support in the previous 3 months (one-time visitors: 27.2%, 90.7% and 71.1%, respectively). From visit 1 to 3, psychological distress decreased (β = -3.79, 95% CI -5.41 to -2.18; P < 0.001) and social and occupational functioning improved (β = 3.93, 95% CI 0.51-7.36; P = 0.025). Over an average 3.9 visits, 39.6% improved reliably and 28.0% improved clinically significantly on the SOFAS, which was 28.4% and 8.8%, respectively, on the CORE-10, where 43.2% improved in clinical category. Counselling satisfaction was rated 4.5/5. Reductions in psychological distress, improvements in functioning and high counselling satisfaction were found among @ease visitors, forming a basis for future research with a control group.

Utilization of a Third-party Partnership in Tele-genetic Risk Assessment Program in Genitourinary Oncology

ObjectiveTo meet the increasing demands of genetic risk assessment for genitourinary cancers due to expanded clinical guidelines, we established an academic/industry partnership to create a streamlined workflow to overcome the barriers to access to care. Materials and MethodsGenome Medical offers multilingual genetic counseling. A pilot program evaluated patients at risk for hereditary genitourinary syndromes. Between 1/1/20 and 07/01/22, all patients in need of germline testing were offered hybrid in-clinic telehealth pre-test counseling and when indicated, genetic testing. Post-test counseling was offered based on results and encouraged if positive. Testing results, patient satisfaction, and costs were evaluated. ResultsA total of 146 of 182 (80.0%) patients agreed to participate, with 130 (89.0%) completing pre-test counseling. Median age was 65 (range 22-95), with 91% being male and approximately 60% having prostate cancer. The median time from referral to pre-test counseling was 11 days (IQR 7-20). After assessment, testing was recommended for 127 (97.7%) of which 123 (96.8%) completed testing. The median time from testing to result release was 15 days (IQR 10 – 20.8). Forty (32.5%) had post-test counseling. Reimbursement by private insurers increased annually from $17.2 to $52.4. Patient satisfaction was high with a mean Genetic Counselor Satisfaction Scale of 27.9 out of 30. ConclusionsOur program provided high patient satisfaction, rapid access to genetic counseling, prompt genetic testing, timely release of results, and was cost-effective compared to traditional models. This approach is scalable across community and academic settings and across cancer types.

Comparing counseling outcome for college students: Metaverse and in-person approaches

ABSTRACT Objective This study compared metaverse counseling with in-person counseling, using in-person counseling as a comparison group. To achieve this, we assessed whether metaverse counseling, a novel treatment approach, is comparable to traditional in-person counseling. Method: A total of 60 participants voluntarily participated in the study. Among the participants, 28 preferred in-person counseling, whereas 32 selected metaverse counseling as their preferred treatment option. Results and Conclusion: The findings indicated no statistically significant differences in the psychological symptom change patterns between the two counseling modalities. Both metaverse and in-person counseling demonstrated a common pattern of reduced symptom levels from pre-to post-session (Metaverse counseling Cohen’s d = 1.04, In-person counseling Cohen’s d = .62), which remained stable from post-session to follow-up regardless of the chosen counseling modality. Furthermore, the study revealed that the metaverse counseling group exhibited a higher level of working alliances than the in-person counseling group. Additionally, there was a slight tendency toward higher levels of counseling satisfaction in the metaverse counseling group than in the in-person counseling group. The results of this study support the use of synchronous metaverse programs to treat college students. The implications and limitations of this study are discussed. (195 words)

대학생 대상 화상 집단상담의 작업동맹과 상담만족도

Objectives The purposes of this study were to examines the process of change in work alliances and counseling satisfaction reported by clients in video group counseling, and to explore the relationship between Big-Five personality factor.&#x0D; Methods For this purpose, after investigating the personality characteristics of university students who participated in video group counseling, In each group counseling session, participants were surveyed online about work alliances and counseling satisfaction. Using the data of 29 people who all participated in the survey, high/low groups were classified based on personality trait scores. And repeated measures analysis of variance was conducted to find out the trend of change in work alliance and counseling satisfaction.&#x0D; Results As the number of counseling sessions increased, the work alliance and counseling satisfaction increased significantly and showed an upward curve. Among the sub-factors of working alliance, the factors of ‘emotional bond’ and ‘agreement on goal’ increased relatively at the beginning of counseling, and ‘process-participation for a group counseling' increased in the later phase of counseling. Among the Big-Five personality factor, ‘agreeableness’ was found to be related to work alliances and counseling satisfaction. People with higher ‘agreeableness’ reported better work alliances and satisfaction with counseling. On the other hand, group members with low ‘agreeableness’ reported low counseling satisfaction with rapid increase in counseling satisfaction as session numbers increased.&#x0D; Conclusions The present study identified the development process of client work alliance in video group counseling empirically. In addition, the ‘agreeableness’ was identified as a beneficial individual characteristic from video group counseling. Based on present findings, the current study suggested a certain factors that counselors should pay attention to in the video group counseling.

Mode of delivery preference in prenatal genetic counseling between English- and Spanish-speaking patients at two US medical institutions.

Although Hispanic individuals are at an increased risk for various genetic conditions, they have lower uptake of genetic counseling and genetic testing. Virtual appointments have many advantages that may help Spanish-speaking patients access genetic services more readily. Despite these benefits, there are limitations that may make them less attractive options for these individuals. This study aimed to determine if satisfaction with genetic counseling or mode of delivery preference differs between English- and Spanish-speaking individuals who have had a virtual prenatal genetic counseling session. Participants were recruited from prenatal genetic counseling clinics at Indiana University Health and Eskenazi Hospital. A REDCap survey was sent to all eligible participants. Survey questions included mode of delivery preference for future genetic counseling sessions (virtual versus in-person), the validated Genetic Counseling Satisfaction Scale, and questions inquiring about the importance of various factors affecting mode of delivery preference. Spanish-speaking individuals preferred future visits to be in-person, while English-speaking individuals preferred future visits to be virtual (Fisher's exact p = 0.003). Several factors were associated with these preferences, including waiting time, ability to leave/take off work for an appointment, length of session, childcare arrangements, and people attending the appointment (all p < 0.05). Both language groups reported similar mean satisfaction with the genetic counseling provided during their previous virtual appointments (p = 0.51). This study found that certain aspects of virtual genetic counseling appointments make them less appealing to Spanish-speaking individuals. Making virtual genetic counseling appointments more appealing while continuing to offer in-person appointments may help Spanish-speaking individuals receive necessary genetics services. Continued research into disparities and barriers to telemedicine for Spanish-speaking patients is necessary to increase access to this service delivery model for genetic counseling.

Do Anthropomorphic Chatbots Increase Counseling Satisfaction and Reuse Intention? The Moderated Mediation of Social Rapport and Social Anxiety.

The growing demand for mental health services and artificial intelligence chatbots to replace human agents have led to increased attention to chatbot anthropomorphizing. This study explored the effect of anthropomorphism on counseling satisfaction and reuse intention for chatbot-led mental health counseling and the mediating role of social rapport in the relationship. This study also examined the interaction effect of anthropomorphism and social anxiety on counseling satisfaction and reuse intention. A total of 374 U.S. adults were recruited from an online crowdsourcing company to simulate user-chatbot interactions in the context of mental health counseling. Two chatbots either with a high anthropomorphic design (i.e., human face) or low anthropomorphic design (i.e., robot face) were developed through Dialogflow-a natural language processing engine-to examine the hypotheses. The results revealed that the high anthropomorphic design produced higher counseling satisfaction and reuse intention than the low anthropomorphic design, while this relationship is mediated by the perceived social rapport between chatbot counselors and users. The results further revealed a significant interaction effect of anthropomorphism and social anxiety on counseling satisfaction and reuse intention. The findings of this study are expected to (a) enhance the understanding of the effect of anthropomorphic chatbots on counseling satisfaction and reuse intention, (b) clarify moderating effects of social rapport and social anxiety, and (c) help mental health practitioners and chatbot designers by providing a psychological mechanism of how anthropomorphism functions in the context of human-chatbot interaction.

Communicating Personal Melanoma Polygenic Risk Information: Participants' Experiences of Genetic Counseling in a Community-Based Study.

Personalized polygenic risk information may be used to guide risk-based melanoma prevention and early detection at a population scale, but research on communicating this information is limited. This mixed-methods study aimed to assess the acceptability of a genetic counselor (GC) phone call in communicating polygenic risk information in the Melanoma Genomics Managing Your Risk randomized controlled trial. Participants (n = 509) received personalized melanoma polygenic risk information, an educational booklet on melanoma prevention, and a GC phone call, which was audio-recorded. Participants completed the Genetic Counseling Satisfaction Survey 1-month after receiving their risk information (n = 346). A subgroup took part in a qualitative interview post-study completion (n = 20). Survey data were analyzed descriptively using SPSS, and thematic analysis of the qualitative data was conducted using NVivo 12.0 software. The survey showed a high level of acceptability for the GC phone call (mean satisfaction score overall: 4.3 out of 5, standard deviation (SD): 0.6) with differences according to gender (mean score for women: 4.4, SD: 0.6 vs. men: 4.2, SD: 0.7; p = 0.005), health literacy (lower literacy: 4.1, SD: 0.8; average: 4.3, SD: 0.6; higher: 4.4, SD: 0.6: p = 0.02) and polygenic risk group (low risk: 4.5, SD: 0.5, SD: average: 4.3, SD: 0.7, high: 4.3, SD: 0.7; p = 0.03). During the GC phone calls, the discussion predominately related to the impact of past sun exposure on personal melanoma risk. Together our findings point to the importance of further exploring educational and support needs and preferences for communicating personalized melanoma risk among population subgroups, including diverse literacy levels.

What makes summer camp therapeutic for siblings separated by out-of-home care? Associations from counselor ratings of program implementation to youth-reported outcomes

Recognition of the developmental importance of sibling relationships has resulted in the proliferation of programs and services for siblings in out-of-home care. Empirical support is limited to a small number of these programs, however; and the mechanisms through which sibling-focused programs work to promote youth outcomes remains largely unexplored. To address this gap in research, the current study examined associations from counselor ratings of program implementation to youth-reported outcomes at Camp To Belong, a manualized camp-based reunification program for siblings separated by out-of-home care. Paper and pencil surveys were administered to 655 youth and 236 counselors at 11 camps operating in the U.S.A. during one camp season. Youth completed pre-test post-test measures of individual resilience, sibling support, sibling conflict, and post-test measures of belonging. Counselors completed post-test measures rating the enabling environment of the camp setting, the activities and events offered at camp, counselor satisfaction with program implementation, and critical events counselors observed at camp. A series of generalized linear models examined associations from the four dimensions of program implementation to each of the four youth-reported outcomes. Significant associations were observed from the program implementation domains to youth belonging and resilience, but not to sibling conflict or sibling support. Associations were observed in both expected and unexpected directions, illuminating the complexity of ways in which sibling-focused programs may affect the well-being of youth in out-of-home care. Insights and recommendations to inform future research and practice with siblings in out-of-home care are provided.

Evaluating the experiences of individuals with personal health risks identified through expanded carrier screening

Expanded carrier screening (ECS) is used to identify individuals and couples at risk for having children with recessive or X-linked genetic conditions; however, personal health risks (PHR) can also be identified through this testing. There is limited data on how genetic counseling regarding PHR from ECS is perceived by the individual, or how they use this information. This study quantitatively surveyed individuals identified with these risks between September 2013 and March 2020. The 30-item survey included the validated Genomics Outcome Scale Short Form, the validated Genetic Counseling Satisfaction Scale, and original questions. Survey topics included pre-test knowledge of the possibility of discovering PHR through testing, satisfaction with pre-test education that addresses potential risks, perceived severity of PHR, empowerment by and understanding of information, anxiety levels related to their PHR, perceived genetic counseling support, and satisfaction with telehealth. A total of 416 completed surveys were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and linear and logistic regressions. The majority of participants were satisfied or extremely satisfied with pre-test education (n=328; 78.8%) and telehealth (n=329; 79.1%). However, more participants who were aware of the possibility of identifying PHR through ECS prior to testing were satisfied with pre-test education compared to those who were not aware. Additionally, a lack of prior awareness of PHR was associated with lower empowerment scores (p=.004). Those who were highly satisfied with genetic counseling were more likely to feel empowered and understand the information presented (p=.001). The majority of individuals used their PHR information following their results appointment (n=391; 94.0%). The results of this study suggest that receiving PHR information was useful and was positively influenced by both pre-test education and the genetic counseling process.

Structural relationship between the clarity of the counselor's appeal problem, the specificity of the counseling goal setting, and the counselor's satisfaction according to the counselor's career

목적 본 연구에서는 상담자의 상담경력, 상담자의 호소문제 명확성, 상담목표설정 구체성, 상담자 만족도 간의 관계를 확인하고 이 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 상담자의 호소문제 명확성과 상담자 만족도 간의 관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 선행연구를 바탕으로 상담자의 상담경력이 상담자 만족도의 관계에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 상담자의 호소문제 명확성과 상담목표설정 구체성을 선정하여 상담자의 상담경력이 상담자 만족도 간의 관계에서 상담자의 호소문제 명확성과 상담목표설정 구체성의 이중매개경로를 검증하였다. 연구대상은 상담자 482명으로 온라인 설문을 통해 자료를 수집하였으며, 변인들의 관계를 확인하기 위해 상관관계를 분석하고, 구조방정식 모형으로 이중매개효과를 확인하였다. 결과 분석결과를 보면, 첫째, 상담자 상담경력과 호소문제 명확성, 상담목표설정 구체성, 상담자 만족도는 정적 상관이 있는 것으로 확인되었고, 상담자의 호소문제 명확성은 상담목표설정 구체성, 상담자 만족도는 정적 상관, 상담목표설정 구체성과 상담자 만족도도 정적 상관이 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 둘째, 상담자 상담경력이 높을수록 상담자의 호소문제 명확성이 높아지고, 상담자의 호소문제 명확성이 높을수록 상담자 만족도가 높아지는 것으로 분석되었고, 상담자 상담경력와 상담자 만족도 간에 상담자의 호소문제 명확성과 상담목표설정 구체성의 이중매개효과가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 결론 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 결과가 연구에 주는 의의 및 실제 상담 현장에서의 시사점을 논의하였다.

Factors Influencing Patient Preferences for Telehealth Cancer Genetic Counseling During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

With onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, telehealth became the primary modality for health care appointments. This study examined patient experiences with and preferences for telehealth at a cancer genetic counseling clinic throughout the first 6 months of the pandemic (March-August 2020). An anonymous survey assessed patient demographics; usage and prior experience with technology; emotional responses, technical experiences, and satisfaction with the telehealth appointment (via the Genetic Counseling Satisfaction Scale and Visit-Specific Satisfaction Questionnaire); preference for future telehealth; and recommendation of telehealth to others. Among 380 respondents, most were highly satisfied with the telehealth appointment (with 65.6% and 66.4% of participants completing the Genetic Counseling Satisfaction Scale and Visit-Specific Satisfaction Questionnaire, respectively). Multivariable analyses indicated several notable findings. Adjusting for relevant covariates, participants with less education felt significantly more concerned about telehealth than those with highest educational attainment. Participants age 40-69 years were generally more comfortable, relieved, and grateful that their appointment was scheduled as telehealth than were those older than 70 years. Women were marginally more relieved and grateful for telehealth appointments than men. As the pandemic progressed, significantly more participants were highly satisfied with their telehealth appointment and participants trended toward having greater preferences for future telehealth use. Most participants (78.6%) would recommend telehealth to others, although 50.8% preferred future in-person appointments. As the pandemic progressed, patients expressed increasing preferences for and satisfaction with telehealth. Service delivery models that incorporate individual patient preferences should be developed with special consideration to factors such as age, sex, and education level.

Virtual Care in Patients with Cancer: A Systematic Review.

Virtual care in cancer care existed in a limited fashion globally before the COVID-19 pandemic, mostly driven by geographic constraints. The pandemic has required dramatic shifts in health care delivery, including cancer care. We conducted a systematic review of comparative studies evaluating virtual versus in-person care in patients with cancer. Embase, APA PsycInfo, Ovid MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library were searched for literature from January 2015 to 6 August 2020. We adhered to PRISMA guidelines and used the modified GRADE approach to evaluate the data. We included 34 full-text publications of 10 randomized controlled trials, 13 non-randomized comparative studies, and 5 ongoing randomized controlled trials. Evidence was divided into studies that provide psychosocial or genetic counselling and those that provide or assess medical and supportive care. The limited data in this review support that in the general field of psychological counselling, virtual or remote counselling can be equivalent to in-person counselling. In the area of genetic counselling, telephone counselling was more convenient and noninferior to usual care for all outcomes (knowledge, decision conflict, cancer distress, perceived stress, genetic counseling satisfaction). There are few data for clinical outcomes and supportive care. Future research should assess the role of virtual care in these areas. Protocol registration: PROSPERO CRD42020202871.

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of a French Version of the Genetic Counseling Satisfaction Scale (GCSS) as an Outcome Measure of Genetic Counseling for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer.

(1) Background: The Genetic Counseling Satisfaction Scale (GCSS) is a widely used tool to evaluate patient satisfaction. To our knowledge, a validated French-language version of this tool is not yet available. This article reports on the cross-cultural adaptation and validation of a French version of the Genetic Counseling Satisfaction Scale (GCSS) to evaluate genetic counseling services for patient consultation in hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). (2) Methods: The scale was culturally adapted following guidelines from Beaton et al. (2000). Cognitive interviews were conducted to ensure items were understood according to the intended meaning. The internal consistency, floor and ceiling effects, and testing of group differences were assessed using a sample of 172 patients who attended a pretest group genetic counseling session. (3) Results: Participants understood all items according to the intended meaning. The internal consistency was high for the total scale (0.90) and for the corrected item-to-total correlations (varying between 0.62 and 0.78). No floor or ceiling effects were observed. Group difference analyses generally followed expectations. (4) Conclusion: This process generated a French version of the GCSS that is clearly understood by patients, and has psychometric properties adequately in line those reported for its original English version.

Transitioning to telegenetics in the COVID-19 era: Patient satisfaction with remote genetic counseling in adult neurology.

The COVID‐19 pandemic rapidly changed genetic counseling services across the United States. At the University of Pennsylvania (UPenn), a large academic hospital in an urban setting, nearly all genetic counseling (GC) visits for adult–onset disorders within the Department of Neurology were conducted via secure videoconferencing (telegenetics) or telephone between March and December 2020. Although telemedicine services have been steadily emerging, many clinical programs, including the neurogenetics program at UPenn, had not built infrastructure or widely utilized these services prior to the pandemic. Thus, little is known about patient attitudes toward receiving clinical GC services remotely. From May 18 to October 18, 2020, all individuals seen remotely for GC in adult neurology via telephone or telegenetics were surveyed about their satisfaction with telehealth GC (N = 142), with a response rate of 42% (N = 60/142). Telephone and telegenetics services were referred to as ‘telehealth’ in the surveys to capture patient perspectives on all remote GC services, though the majority (N = 49/60) of these visits were completed via telegenetics. Surveys included the modified telehealth usability questionnaire (MTUQ), genetic counseling satisfaction scale (GCSS), and novel questions about future telehealth use. Preliminary results suggest that patients were satisfied with receiving remote GC services in adult neurology, with most participants strongly agreeing to all items about satisfaction with telehealth. Just 2% of participants preferred only in‐person visits in the future, but every participant was willing to consider using telehealth for future visits if their genetic counselor felt it was appropriate. Most participants preferred a hybrid model (73%), and some (25%) preferred only telehealth for future visits. Additionally, we found no differences in satisfaction with remote services based on visit type (initial vs. results disclosure) nor age. We conclude that remote GC is an acceptable method for the provision of services in adult neurology that is well‐received by patients.

Exploring the Cross-Level Impact of Counseling Satisfaction from the Longitudinal Study of Learning Outcomes: A Case Study of Economically Disadvantaged Students

This paper discusses the connotations between the learning outcomes of economically disadvantaged students and time factors. We recruited 1,053 economically disadvantaged students from a private university as participants and collected their mean scores in professional courses for 4 years. After observing the initial learning outcomes and academic growth rates of the students, this study concluded that counseling satisfaction had a cross-level moderating effect on learning outcomes. Additionally, the learning outcomes of economically disadvantaged students in professional courses exhibited decelerating growth with time, whereas cross-level counseling satisfaction had a significant influence and moderating effect on academic growth rate.

Online Compared to Face-to-Face Sexual Intimacy Enhancement Training Program Counseling with Cognitive-Behavioral Approach on Sexual Intimacy in Pregnant Women

Studies have shown sexual intimacy enhancement-training with cognitive-behavioral can affect women’s sexual intimacy. Interventional study to compare online and face-to-face sexual enhancement-training with cognitive-behavioral approach on sexual intimacy was conducted on 48 pregnant women with sexual intimacy scores < 75 who were randomly divided online (n = 25) and face-to-face (n = 23). Six 90-minute session sexual intimacy enhancement-training were conducted. Data were collected Botlani’s sexual intimacy questionnaire (primary outcome) and counseling satisfaction scale (secondary outcome) measured baseline and after 6 and 10 weeks. In each group sexual intimacy in 10th week increased significantly compared to baseline (65.88 ± 5.51 vs 87.36 ± 8.39, p < 0.001) and (67.39 ± 5.26 vs 83.70 ± 5.61, p < 0.001) respectively. There was no significant difference between two groups in sexual intimacy scores in 6th (82.32 ± 9.25 vs 79.87 ± 6.35, p = 0.29) and 10th weeks (87.36 ± 8.39 vs 83.70 ± 5.61, p = 0.08) but totally intervention caused significant increase in sexual intimacy in 10th week compared to baseline (p = 0.04). Satisfaction from intervention was significantly different in 6th (65.72 ± 2.57 vs 61.21 ± 7.17, p = 0.021) and 10th weeks (68.92 ± 2.79 vs 64.26 ± 5.15, p = 0.001). Intervention improved sexual intimacy in pregnant women via both online and face-to-face counseling, with more sexual intimacy and satisfaction in online group, could be useful in COVID-19 pandemic.

Outcomes of genetic test disclosure and genetic counseling in a large Parkinson's disease research study.

Genetic testing for Parkinson's disease (PD) is growing as interventional clinical trials begin to enroll participants with PD who carry pathogenic variants in the LRRK2 or GBA genes. However, the impact of receiving genetic test results and the satisfaction with receiving genetic counseling among PD populations have not yet been studied. The purpose of this study was to evaluate (1) the psychological impact of genetic testing for PD and (2) satisfaction with genetic counseling. Surveyed participants (N=875) were individuals with PD or at risk of developing PD, initially recruited for the Parkinson's Progression Marker Initiative (PPMI) study and currently enrolled in the Widespread Recruitment Initiative (WRI) at Indiana University. Individuals were surveyed following genetic test disclosure and genetic counseling regarding results from targeted testing for pathogenic variants in the LRRK2 and GBA genes. Participants were surveyed via two tools: a modified version of the Multidimensional Impact of Cancer Risk Assessment Survey (M-MICRA), which measured the psychological impact of genetic testing and the Genetic Counseling Satisfaction Survey (GCSS). Participants were divided into affected/unaffected and variant positive/negative groups for subset analyses. The majority of participants had favorable M-MICRA scores and were satisfied with the disclosure of the genetic test results and genetic counseling for PD. However, participants with PD and those with pathogenic variants had less favorable M-MICRA scores and lower satisfaction scores compared to those without disease or pathogenic variants. This information is valuable to providers performing genetic testing of and genetic counseling to people and families affected with PD. Individuals with PD and individuals with pathogenic variants may benefit from additional interventions.

The Effect of Youth Counselor's Communication Style on the Emotional Stability and Counseling Satisfaction of Clients

The Effect of Youth Counselor's Communication Style on the Emotional Stability and Counseling Satisfaction of Clients

The relationship between job satisfaction and job performance of the student counselors in the city of Riyadh: الرضا الوظيفي وعلاقته بالأداء الوظيفي لدى المرشدين الطلابيين في مدينة الرياض

This study aimed to identify the relationship between job satisfaction and job performance among student counselors in the city of Riyadh, and to detect differences in the level of job satisfaction in the light of variables (experience- salary- educational qualification), as well as to detect differences in job performance in the light of the Educational stage variable. To achieve the aims of the study, the researcher used the descriptive approach, and the school counselor's satisfaction scale was the study tool that was applied to a sample of (100) student counselors from general education school in Riyadh. The results revealed that there is a positive correlation between the level of job satisfaction and the level of the job performance of student counselors in the city of Riyadh, and the results also showed that there were statistically significant differences in job satisfaction due to the variable of experience in favor of the highest experience of student counselors in Riyadh. Based on the results, the researcher suggested a number of recommendations, the most important of which were: attention to student counselors in general, and counselors with less experience in particular and work to remove of all obstacles that limit their job satisfaction.