Counselor Education Research Articles

The Physiological and Psychological Impact of Race-Based Trauma: Implications for Counselor Education

The area of trauma has been well researched within counseling literature; however, discussions around race-based trauma have been proportionately minimal. Given the physiological, psychological, and behavioral impacts of race-based trauma it is imperative that counselors and counselor educators are equipped to broach and address client's experiences. Therefore, this article provides a review of race-based trauma literature and models. In addition, this article calls counseling professionals to action on exploring and addressing their own attitudes, beliefs, and biases, along with informing clinicians on how to advocate for people of color and translate their knowledge into their work.

Behavioral health training for integrated behavioral health: A Delphi study

AbstractUsing a classical Delphi design, the authors used an interdisciplinary panel of behavioral health experts in integrated behavioral health (IBH) to identify foundational skills and knowledge counselor educators need to teach clinical mental health counselors for IBH practice. Eighty‐eight statements were identified. Implications are provided for counseling and other behavioral health educators.

Recruitment and retention of minoritized students in CACREP‐accredited counseling programs

AbstractThe recruitment and retention of minoritized students is critical for diversifying the counseling profession. Accreditation standards and scholarship provide little guidance on best practices. We sampled 38 administrators from the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs to understand recruitment and retention practices for minoritized students. We found four themes and provide implications for counselor education.

Early Career School Counselors’ Experience of Developing Group Counseling Skills: An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis

ABSTRACT Group counseling is essential to school counselors’ practice, but training may be insufficient. Little literature exists on school counselors’ post-master’s experience of gaining group skills. The research question for this interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) study was as follows: How do early career school counselors (ECSCs) experience developing group counseling skills post-master’s? Interviews with ECSCs, use of IPA data analysis, and application of trustworthiness strategies yielded themes. Findings described participants’ experience of learning group skills in the context of colleague connections, group scarcity, motivation, and tension between barriers and motivations. Implications for group training in counselor education, continuing education, and supervision are provided.

Association for Counseling Sexology and Sexual Wellness Exemplary Practices for Counseling Sexology and Sexual Wellness

In this document, we present exemplary practices for counseling sexology and sexual wellness. These professional guidelines advance practice, research, and education in sexuality and sexual health within the counseling profession. The exemplary practices are grounded in critical theories to center the experiences of diverse clients, contextualize the role of culture, environment, and history in shaping our sexualities, and celebrate varied ways of being. We detail 12 exemplary practice areas for sexuality counseling across the following domains: a) attitudes, beliefs, & understanding of historical influences; b) knowledge; c) counseling skills; d) action and advocacy; and e) counselor education and supervision.

상담자의 상담경력과 사례개념화 능력의 관계에서 마음챙김과 인지적 유연성의 매개효과

Objectives This study examined the process by which counselor experience influences case conceptualization ability through the mediating effects of mindfulness and cognitive flexibility. Methods A total of 261 counselors with counseling experience participated in an online survey for data collection. The relationship between counselor experience and case conceptualization ability, mediated by mindfulness and cognitive flexibility, was examined using the SPSS Process Macro. Bootstrapping was conducted to test the significance of the mediating effects. Results First, the results revealed significant correlations among counselor experience, case conceptualization ability, mindfulness, and cognitive flexibility. Second, counselor experience was found to influence case conceptualization ability through the mediating effect of mindfulness. Third, counselor experience was found to affect case conceptualization ability through the mediating effect of cognitive flexibility. Fourth, it was also confirmed that counselor experience influences case conceptualization ability sequentially meidated by mindfulness and cognitive flexibility. Conclusions The findings highlight the importance of mindfulness and cognitive flexibility in the improvement of case conceptualization ability resulting from increased counselor experience. Consequently, counselor education aimed at enhancing these factors is deemed necessary.

Retaining LGBTQQIA+ Faculty to Tenure and Beyond

In recent years, academia has attempted to be more open and accepting of diverse identities to better serve the campus community. To this end, there has been increased programming to focus on inclusiveness of marginalized identities such as LGBTQQIA+. However, much of this programming has centered on the student experience and neglected tenure-seeking faculty, who are generally used to carrying out such programming rather than benefiting from it. The purpose of this study was to examine the lived experiences of tenure-seeking counselor education faculty during their tenure-seeking process. Using consensual qualitative research (CQR) as an analytical framework, the authors found three core ideas: identity, vetting, and support.

Defining Systemic Change in School Counseling: A Delphi Study

ABSTRACT Systemic change is regarded as a key component of professional school counseling practice for increasing positive, equitable outcomes for PreK-12 students. Although related constructs like leadership and advocacy have been thoughtfully explored, systemic change requires consultation and collaboration with educational and community partners. To date, there has been a lack of clarity around how systemic change looks in practice for school counselors. The purpose of this study was to explore the foundational components of systemic change in school counseling. Using Delphi methodology, an expert panel of 22 participants consisting of professional school counselors, counselor educators, and school counseling supervisors developed a consensus list of 130 items describing the core beliefs, knowledge, dispositions, and skills necessary for school counselors to conduct systemic change. The findings suggest future implications for school counseling research, preparation, and consultation.

The Examination of the Counseling Supervision Effect on Personal and Professional Development of First-Time Supervisees

The study investigated how clinical supervision affects the personal and professional development of first-time supervisees. The explanatory sequential mixed methods research design was employed in the study. Quantitative data was collected using a single group pretest-posttest experimental design to evaluate the impact of supervision on the personal and professional development of counselors in training. Individual interviews were conducted with 51 volunteer participants who were counselors in training at a state university in western Türkiye. Paired-sample t-tests were used to analyze the quantitative data, while content analysis was employed for the qualitative data. The findings showed that supervision significantly enhanced the counselors in training's effective counselor characteristics and self-awareness management strategies. However, there were no significant differences in hindering self-awareness and professional disposition. The qualitative analysis revealed that counselors in training who participated in supervision gained a deeper understanding of counseling procedures and techniques, increased trust in the profession, and improved self-efficacy. Counselors in training also highlighted the positive impact of their supervisor and group supervision format on their development. The results of the study suggest the significance of supervision in counselor education. It is recommended that the variables included in the current research and the effect of supervision should be examined in more studies.

Professional Identity Development of Counselor Educators with International Backgrounds through Online Photovoice

Professional Identity Development of Counselor Educators with International Backgrounds through Online Photovoice

성인 상담라포와 상담회기평가 간 관계에서 작업동맹의 매개효과

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the mediation effect of the working alliance on the relationship between counseling rapport and counseling session evaluation among clients. Through this, the aim is to provide data that can be utilized in counseling and education by highlighting both the positive and negative aspects of counseling rapport and the working alliance experienced by clients. Methods To this end, a study was conducted on 220 adult clients nationwide who were currently receiving counseling from counselors who had national qualifications and counseling-related academic qualifications. The Counseling Rapport Scale, Counseling Session Evaluation Scale, and Working Alliance Scale were used, and the collected data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 and SPSS Process Macro v4.1. Results The research results are as follows: First, the structural model depicting the relationships among counseling rapport, working alliance, and session evaluation was confirmed to be suitable for the data. Second, counseling rapport was found to have a positive impact on the working alliance. Third, counseling rapport was analyzed to influence session evaluation through the mediation of the working alliance. Consequently, it was established that counseling rapport affects session evaluation not only directly but also indirectly through the working alliance Conclusions The results of this study indicate that as counseling rapport positively forms, it leads to a stronger working alliance with the counselor, which in turn positively influences session evaluations. The ability of counselors to establish counseling rapport and a working alliance in initial sessions is shown to be a crucial factor in positively affecting counseling outcomes. This underscores the importance of counselor education and training programs.

Supporting bereaved students: Qualitative insights from Danish college student counselors

This article investigates bereavement support among Danish college students, focusing on the role of student counselors across seven colleges. Twenty-one counselors participated in semi-structured interviews, revealing challenges in identifying and supporting bereaved students while juggling academic priorities. They acknowledge their focus on academics, while often feeling they lack adequate training for broader emotional support. Key themes include counselor roles, identifying bereaved students, and balancing academic and emotional needs. Recommendations highlight the necessity of tailored counselor roles, specialized training in bereavement and communication, and establishing clear support structures. These findings underline a critical gap in college bereavement support and advocate for practical improvements. Enhancing counselor education and support structures could better address the needs of bereaved students, reflecting broader challenges faced by counselors and the importance of continuous education in effectively supporting them.

The Career Development and Social Determinants Framework: An Integrative Approach

This conceptual article introduces an innovative career development framework that integrates a focus on the social determinants of health within career development and postsecondary readiness counseling. This article provides an overview of career development and postsecondary readiness in schools, reviews the existing literature base on social determinants of health and school counseling, introduces the Career Development and Social Determinants Framework (CDSD-F), and lists implications for school counselors and counselor educators.

Problems Encountered in the Counseling Process in the Context of Cultural Sensitivity and Coping Methods: Opinions of School Counselors

This study, it is aimed to examine the problems that arise in the context of cultural sensitivity in the counseling process and the methods of coping with these problems based on the views of school counselors. For the data obtained using the interview technique, which is one of the qualitative research methods. The study included a total of 35 participants, with 25 women and 10 men, who had a minimum of three years of professional experience in private and public schools during the 2021-2022 academic year. Interviews were conducted digitally on the Zoom platform using a semi-structured form developed by the researcher. All interviews were subjected to content analysis. According to the results of the data analysis conducted with the Maxqda 2020 program, the participant's perspective on the concept of cultural sensitivity consists of self-awareness, respect, and acceptance of different cultures. The most important cultural challenges reported by the participants were gender and sex, different value judgments, socioeconomic status, and language. Feelings of inadequacy and desperation were reported as the most intensely felt emotions in the face of these challenges. Participants reported using various methods to overcome cultural challenges, such as consulting colleagues gaining knowledge, and making various suggestions to overcome cultural inadequacies. It is thought that the findings obtained in this study will create an important awareness as it is a first in the literature, and it is hoped that it will contribute to policymakers, counselor educators, counselor candidates, and all counseling professionals in this field.

개업상담자의 스트레스와 신체화 증상 간의 관계에서 자의식과 소진의 조절된 매개효과

Objectives The purpose of this study was investigate the relationship between stress and somatic symptoms of practicing counselor, and to examine the moderated mediation effects of self-consciousness and burnout on this relationship in order to prevent impairment of practicing counselors, and to provide data for counselor education and research. Methods The study was conducted on 240 practicing counselors who registered as businesses with national and recognized qualifications. Participants were recruited using the counseling center's website search, e-mails collected through each association's website, and publicity through SNS. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and verification of mediating effects and controlled mediating effects were conducted to find out the relationship between stress, self-consciousness, burnout, and physicalization symptoms of opening counselors. Results The research findings are as follows. First, Burnout was found to partially mediate the relationship between practicing counselor's stress and somatic symptoms. Second, self-consciousness was identified as a moderator of the relationship between practicing counselor's stress and burnout. Third, a moderated mediating effect of self-consciousness and burnout on the relationship of practicing counselor's stress and somatic symptoms were discoverd. Conclusions The implications of this research findings are as follows. Practicing counselor's stress can lead to somatic symptoms, with burnout acting as a mediator and self-consciousness can enhance the process. These findings provide valuable insights on the relationships between practicing counselor's stress, somatic symptoms, self-consciousness, and burnout. It can be utilized to inform the development of educational and research programs for preventing burnout and associated Impairment among practicing counselor.

A 27‐year scoping review of practice and research in online counselor education

A 27‐year scoping review of practice and research in online counselor education

Amalgamating multiple selves in the storied experience of cross‐cultural mentorship

AbstractThis narrative inquiry explores cross‐cultural experiences of a faculty mentor and an international doctoral student mentee in counselor education. Analysis unearthed themes on the approach to and experience of cross‐cultural mentorship, attunement and affirmation, growth opportunities, and professional and personal connections. Findings considered mentorship literature and addressed future application implications.

Doctoral‐level counselor educators and program experiences across Carnegie Classifications

AbstractBased on online survey data provided by 163 counselor educators associated with counselor education and supervision programs, this study examined the extent to which Carnegie Classifications were associated with counselor educators’ occupational experiences and their perceptions of doctoral‐level training. Implications for doctoral training in counselor education and supervision are discussed.

Infusing antiracism into counselor education: A model for CACREP Programs

AbstractAlthough research applying antiracist frameworks to a variety of disciplines has multiplied, best practices for the application of antiracist principles to counselor education have yet to be established. This article outlines one program's steps to dismantle racism throughout curriculum and andragogy. Outcomes and lessons learned are offered as recommendations for programs seeking to infuse antiracism throughout counselor training.

Reexamination of doctoral‐level counselor educators’ journal article publication norms

AbstractThis study reexamined the journal article publication norms of counselor educators employed in doctoral programs for the years 2017–2022. Compared to earlier studies, overall publication norms for this population declined but increased for counselor educators with traditional academic ranks. Four variables were useful for predicting publication counts.