Coulomb And Proximity Potential Model For Deformed Nuclei Research Articles

Two-proton radioactivity within a Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei

The half-lives of two-proton $(2p)$ emitters $^{6}\mathrm{Be}$, $^{12}\mathrm{O}$, $^{16}\mathrm{Ne}$, $^{19}\mathrm{Mg}$, $^{45}\mathrm{Fe}$, $^{48}\mathrm{Ni}$, $^{54}\mathrm{Zn}$, and $^{67}\mathrm{Kr}$ have been predicted using the Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei (CPPMDN) incorporating ground-state deformation (${\ensuremath{\beta}}_{2}$) and orientation effect, and the predicted values are compared with experimental data. As predicted values are in agreement with experimental data I extended my studies to 51 nuclei, whose decay are energetically possible with released energy ${Q}_{2p}>0$ for which $2p$ radioactivity is not yet experimentally detected, and the predicted half-life values are compared with other theoretical models/formulas. I hope the future experimental investigations will be guided by these predictions. The new Geiger Nuttall plot connecting ${log}_{10}[{T}_{1/2}(s)]$ computed using the CPPMDN versus $[{Z}_{d}^{0.8}+{\ensuremath{\ell}}^{\ensuremath{\beta}}]{Q}_{2p}^{\ensuremath{-}1/2}$ is found to be linear which shows the reliability of my calculations. It is found for the first time that $2p$ radioactivity also obeys the linear nature of a universal curve connecting ${log}_{10}[{T}_{1/2}(s)]$ versus $\ensuremath{-}lnP$ as that of the proton, $\ensuremath{\alpha}$, and cluster radioactivity.

Study of cluster emissions from heavy nuclei using an empirical formula and the Coulomb and Proximity potential model for deformed nuclei

The decay characteristics of various clusters and neutron halo nuclei from heavy elements [Formula: see text] are studied within the framework of the Coulomb and Proximity Potential Model for Deformed Nuclei (CPPMDN) and using a new empirical formula proposed by us. The predictive power of our formula is verified by comparing the predictions with the available experimental data and with the predictions of other models such as CPPM, Universal Decay Law of Qi et al. (UDL), Unified Description formula (UD) of Ni et al. Using the present formula and CPPMDN, decay half-lives of various light clusters from heavy elements are calculated, and the results are compared with the predictions of UDL, UD, and predictions made by Santhosh et al. based on the Modified Generalized Liquid Drop Model (MGLDM). The decay half-lives of halo nuclei from heavy elements are also calculated using the new formula and CPPMDN and compared with the predictions of UDL, UD, and the predictions made by Santhosh et al. based on the Coulomb and Proximity Potential Model (CPPM).

Theoretical studies on two-proton radioactivity

The Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei (CPPMDN) have been used to compute half-lives of two-proton ($2p$) radioactivity of $^{6}\mathrm{Be}$, $^{12}\mathrm{O}$, $^{16}\mathrm{Ne}$, $^{19}\mathrm{Mg}$, $^{45}\mathrm{Fe}$, $^{48}\mathrm{Ni}$, $^{54}\mathrm{Zn}$, and $^{67}\mathrm{Kr}$, and the values are compared with the experimental data. The predicted half-life values are also compared with six theoretical models and two empirical formulas. The standard deviation is least for the model CPPMDN ($\ensuremath{\sigma}=1.03$), compared to other theoretical models and formulas, which indicates that CPPMDN is the apt model for studying $2p$ radioactivity. I extended the model to predict half-lives of other 15 even-Z nuclei for which $2p$ radioactivity is energetically possible with released energy, ${Q}_{2p}>0$, and hope that the predictions may serve as a guide for future experimental investigations. The observed linear nature of the new Geiger-Nuttall plot of ${log}_{10}[{T}_{1/2}(s)]$ computed using CPPMDN versus $({Z}_{d}^{0.8}{\ensuremath{\ell}}^{0.25}){Q}_{2p}^{\ensuremath{-}1/2}$, stresses the reliability of the model in predicting $2p$ radioactivity half-lives.

Predictions of proton emissions from the isotopes of nuclei with Z = 100–136 using the Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei

Using the Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei (CPPMDN) the half-lives of proton emissions have been predicted for even and odd Z nuclei in the heavy and superheavy region with Z = 100–136 . The half-lives are also evaluated using the Coulomb and proximity potential model (CPPM) of Santhosh et al., in which both the parent and daughter nuclei are treated as spherical. The Geiger-Nuttall law (G-N) is studied for all cases of proton radioactivity under study. From the observed variation of G-N plots with respect to the Z value of the proton emitter, we obtained a new relation for proton decay half-lives. Using this relation the half-life is evaluated for the experimentally detected 44 proton emitters and is found to agree with the experimental data with a standard deviation of 0.8083s. Also, the half-lives are recalculated for all proton emitters in the heavy and superheavy region using the relation we obtained and we found that the half-lives evaluated using CPPMDN are closer to those obtained using the new relation than CPPM. Through the predictions of decay half-lives of the proton emitters in the heavy and superheavy region, the present phenomenological approach can be used satisfactorily to study alpha decay, cluster radioactivity and proton radioactivity.

Predictions on the modes of decay of odd [formula omitted] superheavy isotopes within the range [formula omitted

The decay modes of 1051 odd Z superheavy nuclei within the range 105 ≤Z≤ 135, and their daughter nuclei are studied by comparing the alpha decay half-lives with the spontaneous fission half-lives. The alpha decay half-lives are calculated using the Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei (CPPMDN) proposed by Santhosh et al. (2011) and the spontaneous fission half-lives are obtained with the shell-effect dependent formula of Santhosh et al. (Santhosh and Nithya, 2016). For a theoretical comparison, the alpha decay half-lives are also computed with the Coulomb and proximity potential model (CPPM), Viola–Seaborg–Sobiczewski semi-empirical relation (VSS), Universal curve of Poenaru et al. (UNIV), the analytical formula of Royer, and the Universal decay law of Qi et al. (UDL). The predicted decay modes and half-lives were compared with the available experimental results. The proton and neutron separation energies are calculated to identify those nuclei, which decay through proton and neutron emission. From the entire study of odd Z superheavy elements, it is seen that among 1051 nuclei, 233 nuclei exhibit proton emission and 18 nuclei exhibit neutron emission. 56 nuclei are stable against alpha decay with negative Q value for the decay. 92 nuclei show alpha decay followed by spontaneous fission and 9 nuclei show alpha decay followed by proton emission. 39 nuclei decay through full alpha chain and 595 nuclei decay through spontaneous fission. We hope that the study will be very useful for the future experimental investigations in this field.

Decay properties of 256-339Ds superheavy nuclei

The decay properties of 84 isotopes of darmstadtium superheavy nuclei (Z = 110) have been studied using various theoretical models. The proton emission half-lives, the alpha decay half-lives, the spontaneous fission half-lives and the cluster decay half-lives of all the isotopes are evaluated. The one-proton emission half-lives and the alpha decay half-lives are predicted using the Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei (CPPMDN). The calculated alpha half-lives are compared with the available experimental results as well as with the predictions of other theoretical models. The predicted half-lives matches well with the experimental results. The one-proton half-lives are also compared with the predictions using other formalisms. The shell-effect-dependent formula of Santhosh et al. has been employed for calculating the spontaneous fission half-lives. A theoretical comparison of spontaneous fission half-lives with four different formalisms is performed. By comparing the one-proton emission half-lives, the alpha decay half-lives and the spontaneous fission half-lives decay modes are predicted for all the isotopes of Ds. It is seen that the isotopes within the range $ 256 \le A \le 263$ and $ 279 \le A \le 339$ decay through spontaneous fission and the isotopes $ 264 \le A \le 278$ exhibit alpha decay. Cluster decay half-lives are calculated using different models including the Coulomb and proximity potential (CPPM), for determining the magicities in the superheavy region. The effect of magicity at N = 184 and N = 202 were confirmed from the plot of $ \log_{10}T_{1/2}$ versus neutron number of the daughter nuclei for the emission of different clusters. We hope that the systematic and detailed study of all the possible decay modes of 256-339Ds using various theoretical models will be helpful in the experimental identification of the isotopes of the element in the future.

α -decay chains of the superheavy nuclei Rg255–350

The decay modes and half-lives of 96 isotopes of the superheavy element roentgenium (Rg) within the range of $255\ensuremath{\le}A\ensuremath{\le}350$ come under investigation in the present paper. The isotopes which lie beyond the proton drip line are identified by calculating the one-proton and two-proton separation energies. The $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-decay half-lives are calculated using the Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei (CPPMDN). For a theoretical comparison the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ half-lives are also evaluated using the Viola-Seaborg semiempirical relation, the universal curve of Poenaru et al., the analytical formula of Royer, and the universal decay law of Qi et al. Spontaneous fission half-lives are computed with the shell-effect-dependent formula of Santhosh and Nithya and the semiempirical formula of Xu et al. The decay modes are predicted by comparing the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-decay half-lives within the CPPMDN with the corresponding spontaneous fission half-lives computed by the shell-effect-dependent formula of Santhosh and Nithya. In our paper it is seen that the isotopes $^{255\text{--}271,273}\mathrm{Rg}$ lie beyond the proton drip line and hence decay through proton emission. The isotopes $^{272,274\text{--}277}\mathrm{Rg}$ exhibit long $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ chains. Three $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ chains are predicted from the isotopes $^{278\text{--}282}\mathrm{Rg}$. The isotopes $^{283\text{--}345}\mathrm{Rg}$ decay through spontaneous fission. The isotopes $^{346\text{--}350}\mathrm{Rg}$ are found to be stable against $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ decay. The theoretical results are compared with the available experimental results and are seen to be matching well. We hope that our predictions will be useful in future experimental investigations.

Predictions on the modes of decay of even [formula omitted] superheavy isotopes within the range [formula omitted

The decay modes and half lives of all the even Z isotopes of superheavy elements within the range 104≤Z≤136 have been predicted by comparing the alpha decay half-lives with the spontaneous fission half-lives. The Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei (CPPMDN) and the shell-effect-dependent formula of Santhosh et al. are used to calculate the alpha half-lives and spontaneous fission half-lives respectively. For theoretical comparison the alpha decay half-lives are also calculated using Coulomb and proximity potential model (CPPM), the Viola–Seaborg–Sobiczewski semi-empirical (VSS) relation, the universal (UNIV) curve of Poenaru et al., the analytical formula of Royer and the universal decay law (UDL) of Qi et al. Another tool used for the evaluation of spontaneous fission half-lives is the semi-empirical formula of Xu et al. The nuclei with alpha decay half-lives less than spontaneous fission half-lives will survive fission and hence decay through alpha emission. The predicted half lives and decay modes are compared with the available experimental results. The one-proton and two-proton separation energies of all the isotopes are calculated to find nuclei which lie beyond the proton drip line. Among 1119 even Z nuclei within the range 104≤Z≤136, 164 nuclei show sequential alpha emission followed by subsequent spontaneous fission. Since the isotopes decay through alpha decay chain and the half-lives are in measurable range, these isotopes are predicted to be synthesized and detected in laboratory via alpha decay. 2 nuclei will decay by alpha decay followed by proton emission, 54 nuclei show full alpha chains, 642 nuclei will decay through spontaneous fission, 166 nuclei exhibit proton decay and 91 isotopes are found to be stable against alpha decay. All the isotopes are tabulated according to their decay modes. The study is intended to enhance further experimental investigations in superheavy region.

Theoretical studies on the modes of decay of superheavy nuclei

The decay modes of recently synthesized superheavy nuclei are investigated by comparing the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-decay half-lives with the spontaneous fission half-lives. $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-decay half-lives are calculated using the Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei (CPPMDN). The agreement between theoretical and experimental $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ half-lives shows the predictability of the CPPMDN in the superheavy region. A modified formula is proposed for calculating the spontaneous fission half-lives including the shell correction. The agreement between theoretical predictions and experimental results of spontaneous fission half-lives is satisfactory for heavy and superheavy nuclei ranging from Th to Fl. A comparison between the spontaneous fission half-lives computed using eight different formalisms is performed for even-even superheavy nuclei in the range of $108\ensuremath{\le}Z\ensuremath{\le}120$. Even though all these models can reproduce the experimental spontaneous fission half-lives, model-to-model variations in predicting the fission half-lives in superheavy region is evident from the study.

Predictions on the alpha decay chains of superheavy nuclei with Z = 121 within the range 290 ≤ A ≤ 339

A systematic study on the alpha decay half-lives of various isotopes of superheavy element (SHE) [Formula: see text] within the range [Formula: see text] is presented for the first time using Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei (CPPMDN). The calculated [Formula: see text] decay half-lives of the isotopes within our formalism match well with the values computed using Viola–Seaborg systematic, Universal curve of Poenaru et al., and the analytical formula of Royer. In our study by comparing the [Formula: see text] decay half-lives with the spontaneous fission half-lives, we have predicted [Formula: see text] chain from [Formula: see text]121, [Formula: see text] chain from [Formula: see text]121 and [Formula: see text] chain from [Formula: see text]121. Clearly our study shows that the isotopes of SHE [Formula: see text] within the mass range [Formula: see text] will survive fission and can be synthesized and detected in the laboratory via alpha decay. We hope that our predictions will provide a new guide to future experiments.

Comparison of alpha decay with fission for isotopes of superheavy nuclei Z = 124

We have studied the [Formula: see text]-decay properties of superheavy nuclei (SHN) [Formula: see text] in the range [Formula: see text] using the Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei (CPPMDN). The calculated [Formula: see text] half-lives agree with the values computed using the Viola–Seaborg systematic, the universal curve of Poenaru et al. [Phys. Rev. C 83 (2011) 014601; 85 (2012) 034615] and the analytical formulas of Royer [J. Phys. G[Formula: see text] Nucl. Part. Phys. 26 (2000) 1149]. To identify the mode of decay of these isotopes, the spontaneous-fission half-lives were also evaluated using the semiempirical relation given by Xu et al. [Phys. Rev. C 78 (2008) 044329]. The calculated half-lives help to predict the possible isotopes of this superheavy element [Formula: see text]. As we could observe [Formula: see text] chain consistently from the nuclei [Formula: see text]124, we have predicted that these nuclei could not be synthesized and detected experimentally via [Formula: see text] decay as their decay half-lives are too small. The nuclei [Formula: see text]124 were found to have long half-lives and hence could be sufficient to detect them if synthesized in a laboratory.

Feasibility of observing the α decay chains from isotopes of SHN with Z = 128, Z = 126, Z = 124 and Z = 122

Within the Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei (CPPMDN), the alpha decay properties of 34 isotopes of the superheavy nuclei with Z=128 within the range 306≤A≤339 have been studied, considering both the parent and daughter nuclei to be deformed. The manuscript also deals with the decay properties of the isotopes of Z=126 (within 288≤A≤339), Z=124 (within 284≤A≤339) and Z=122 (within 280≤A≤339). The alpha decay half lives thus evaluated have been compared with the values evaluated using other theoretical models and it was seen that, our theoretical alpha decay half lives match well with these values. Through the present study, we have underlined and have established the fact that, among the 192 isotopes considered in the present study, only those isotopes 321–324,328–335128, 318–320,323–327126, 305–308,315–322124 and 298–307,311–314122 can be synthesised and detected through alpha decay in laboratory. As the alpha decay half lives of these superheavy isotopes lie within the experimental limits, we hope these predictions, on the decay modes of these unknown nuclei, to pave the way for the future experiments. The proton separation energy calculations on 306–339128, 288–336126, 284–339124 and 280–339122 superheavy nuclei have also been done and the study revealed the probable proton emitters among these nuclei.

Predictions on the alpha decay half lives of superheavy nuclei with Z = 113 in the range 255 ≤ A ≤ 314

An intense study of the alpha decay properties of the isotopes on superheavy element with Z=113 has been performed within the Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei (CPPMDN) within the wide range 255≤A≤314. The predicted alpha decay half lives of 278113 and 282113 and the alpha half lives of their decay products are in good agreement with the experimental data. 6α chains and 4α chains predicted respectively for 278113 and 282113 are in agreement with the experimental observation. Our study shows that the isotopes in the mass range 278≤A≤286 will survive fission and can be synthesized and detected in the laboratory via alpha decay. In our study, we have predicted 6α chains from 279113, 4α chains from 286113, 3α chains from 280,281,283113, 2α chains from 284113 and 1α chain from 285113. We hope that these predictions will be a guideline for future experimental investigations.

Alpha decay properties of superheavy nuclei Z = 126

We have studied the possible isotopes of superheavy nuclei Z=126 in the range 288≤A≥339 by studying through their α-decay properties. α-Decay half-life for the isotopes of Z=126 superheavy nuclei in the range 288≤A≥339 is performed within the Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei (CPPMDN). The calculated α half-lives agree with the values computed using the Viola–Seaborg systematic, the universal curve of Poenaru et al. (2011) [61]; (2012) [62] and the analytical formulas of Royer (2000) [63]. To identify the mode of decay of these isotopes, the spontaneous-fission half-lives were also evaluated using the semiempirical relation given by Xu et al. (2008) [72]. As we could observe α chains consistently from the nuclei 288–306126, we have predicted that these nuclei could not be synthesized and detected experimentally via α decay as their decay half-lives are too small, which span the order 10−9 to 10−6 s. Most of the predicted, unknown nuclei in the range 307≤A≥326 were found to have relatively long half-lives. Of these the nuclei 307126, 318126, 319126, 320126 and 323–326126 were found to have long half-lives and hence could be sufficient to detect them if synthesized in a laboratory.

Comparative studies for different proximity potentials applied to α decay

Half-lives of α decay of even-even nuclei calculated by using fourteen different versions of proximity potentials are compared to experimental data. The results show that the results of the generalized proximity potential 1977 are very much in agreement with the experimental data. In comparison with the distributions of nuclear potentials at small distances and the distributions of total potentials above the released energy Q α , it is found that at small distances the distributions of nuclear potentials have large difference and the distributions of total potentials are different among the listed proximity potentials. The different potential distributions affect the penetration probability of α, which is related to the half-life of the α decay for each nucleus. The generalized proximity potential 1977 is also used to calculate the half-lives of α decay of nuclei with odd mass numbers. The results show that the generalized proximity potential 1977 can calculate the half-lives of the α decay of almost all nuclei, which underlines and supports the use of the generalized proximity potential 1977 by Santhosh et al. in the Coulomb and proximity potential model (CPPM) and the Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei (CPPMDN).

Superheavy elements and decay properties

The α decay properties of the isotopes of Z = 115, 117, 118 and 119 have been extensively investigated, focussing on the newly synthesized isotopes within the Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei (CPPMDN). The α half-lives have also been evaluated using the Viola–Seaborg systematic (VSS) and the analytical formulae of Royer and it can be seen that our calculated values match well with these theoretical values. The mode of decay of these isotopes has also been studied by calculating the spontaneous fission half-lives. Thus, we have predicted 4α chains from 287115, 3α chains from 288115, 3α chains from 293117, 4 α chains from 294117 and 3α chains from 294118 and, it can be seen that our predictions on the α decay chains also match well with the experimental observations. The study on Z = 119 has predicted six consistent α chains from 292−295119, 5 α chains from 296119, 4 α chains from 297119 and 3 α chains from 298,299119. Thus, through our study on isotopes of Z = 115, 117, 118 and 119 superheavy nuclei, we could predict the range of isotopes that may be detectable using α decay and we hope that the findings on the isotopes of Z = 119 will provide a new guide for future experiments.

The competition between alpha decay and spontaneous fission in odd–even and odd–odd nuclei in the range [formula omitted

The predictions on the mode of decay of the odd–even and odd–odd isotopes of heavy and superheavy nuclei with Z=99–129, in the range 228≤A≤336, have been done within the Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei (CPPMDN). A comparison of our calculated alpha half lives with the values computed using other theoretical models shows good agreement with each other. An extensive study on the spontaneous fission half lives of all the isotopes under study has been performed to identify the long-lived isotopes in the mass region. The study reveals that the alpha decay half lives and the mode of decay of the isotopes with Z=109, 111, 113, 115 and 117, evaluated using our formalisms, agree well with the experimental observations. As our study on the odd–even and odd–odd isotopes of Z=99–129 predicts that, the isotopes 238,240–25499, 244,246–258101, 248,250,252–260,262103, 254,256,258–262,264105, 258,260,262–264,266107, 262,264,266–274109, 266,268–279111, 270–284,286113, 272–289,291115, 274–299117, 276–307119, 281–314121, 287–320,322123, 295–325125, 302–327127 and 309–329129 survive fission and have alpha decay channel as the prominent mode of decay, these nuclei could possibly be synthesized in the laboratory and this could be of great interest to the experimentalists. The behavior of these nuclei against the proton decay has also been studied to identify the probable proton emitters in this region of nuclei.

Decay of heavy and superheavy nuclei

We present here, an overview and progress of the theoretical works on the isomeric state α decay, α decay fine structure of even–even, even–odd, odd–even and odd–odd nuclei, a study on the feasibility of observing α decay chains from the isotopes of the superheavy nuclei Z = 115 in the range 271 ≤A ≤ 294 and the isotopes of Z = 117 in the range 270 ≤A ≤ 301, within the Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei (CPPMDN). The computed half-lives of the favoured and unfavoured α decay of nuclei in the range 67 ≤Z ≤ 91 from both the ground state and isomeric state, are in good agreement with the experimental data and the standard deviation of half-life is found to be 0.44. From the α fine structure studies done on various ranges of nuclei, it is evident that, for nearly all the transitions, the theoretical values show good match with the experimental values. This reveals that CPPMDN is successful in explaining the fine structure of even–even, even–odd, odd–even and odd–odd nuclei. Our studies on the α decay of the superheavy nuclei 271−294115 and 270−301117 predict 4 α chains consistently from 284,285,286115 nuclei and 5α chains and 3α chains consistently from 288−291117 and 292117, respectively. We thus hope that these studies on 284−286115 and 288−292117 will be a guide to future experiments.

ALPHA-DECAY STUDIES ON 130-153Eu NUCLEI

The alpha-decay half-lives of the 24 isotopes of Eu (Z = 63) nuclei in the region 130≤A≤153, have been studied systematically within the Coulomb and proximity potential model (CPPM). We have modified the assault frequency and re-determined the half-lives and they show a better agreement with the experimental value. We have also done calculations on the half-lives within the recently proposed Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei (CPPMDN). The computed half-lives are compared with the experimental data and they are in good agreement. Using our model, we could also demonstrate the influence of the neutron shell closure at N = 82, in both parent and daughter nuclei, on the alpha-decay half-lives.

Theoretical predictions forα-decay chains ofZ=119isotopes in the region274≤A≤313

An extensive study on the \ensuremath{\alpha}-decay half-life for the isotopes of $Z$ = 119 superheavy nuclei in the range 274 \ensuremath{\le} $A$ \ensuremath{\le} 313 is performed within the Coulomb and proximity potential model for deformed nuclei (CPPMDN). We have also evaluated the decay properties by keeping the parents and daughter in spherical nuclear shape (without including the nuclear deformations), within the Coulomb and proximity potential model (CPPM). The half-life calculations are also performed by using the Viola-Seborg semi-empirical (VSS) relation, very frequently used for \ensuremath{\alpha}-decay studies, and it can be seen that our predictions agree well with the computed VSS values. Our intention to understand the mode of decay of the isotopes was fulfilled through the spontaneous fission (SF) half-life calculations and the comparison of the \ensuremath{\alpha} half-lives with the SF half-lives. Thus, our study reveals that those isotopes of $Z$ = 119 with $A$ \ensuremath{\ge} 309 and with $A$ \ensuremath{\le} 275 do not survive fission, and thus, the \ensuremath{\alpha} decay is restricted within the range of 276 \ensuremath{\le} $A$ \ensuremath{\le} 308. Through our study, we have predicted six consistent \ensuremath{\alpha} chains from ${}^{292--295}$119, five consistent \ensuremath{\alpha} chains from ${}^{296}$119, four consistent \ensuremath{\alpha} chains from ${}^{297}$119, and three consistent \ensuremath{\alpha} chains from ${}^{298,299}$119, and we hope these findings will provide a new guide for future experiments. A theoretical study is performed here to understand the mode of decay of the isotopes of $Z$ = 119, which helps to identify the mode of decay of about 40 isotopes within the range of 274 \ensuremath{\le} $A$ \ensuremath{\le} 313.