Cosmetic Technology Research Articles

Curriculum Reform Practices in “Cosmetic Product Formulation Design and Preparation Technology” Under the Perspective of Integration of Industry, Education, and Research

With the upgrading of industries, the cosmetics industry has posed new requirements for technical talents. As a professional core course in cosmetic technology, “Cosmetic Product Formulation Design and Preparation Technology” serves as the foundation for cultivating students’ abilities in cosmetic development and preparation. To foster high-quality skilled talents capable of adapting to the rapid growth of color cosmetics and to better promote the deep integration of scientific and technological industries with curriculum teaching, the teacher team embarked on active explorations and practical teaching research for curriculum teaching reform from four dimensions: strengthening top-level design, enriching teaching content, optimizing teaching design, and reforming assessment methods. These efforts have enhanced students’ comprehensive vocational qualities and innovative consciousness, contributing to the teaching reform in higher vocational colleges under the integration of industry, education, and research.

Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Issues During the COVID-19 Period Using Topic Modeling

This study investigates media coverage of cosmetic surgery in South Korea from 2014 to 2023 using text mining techniques applied to news articles from BigKinds. It focuses on assessing the prevalence of objective information and the societal impacts of capital-driven misinformation. The research methodology involved optimal topic modeling through perplexity, likelihood, BIC, and similarity measures, identifying five themes within the cosmetic surgery news corpus. Further analysis included quantitative topic recognition via fuzzy clustering by period, sentiment analysis, and network analysis utilizing n-gram techniques to explore relationships between key terms. Findings reveal five main topics covered in cosmetic surgery news: Consumer Psychology, Cosmetic Surgery Market, Cosmetic Companies and Technologies, Side Effects and Incidents, and the Tourism Industry. The period from 2014 to 2016 saw significant coverage, particularly on medical tourism and surgical side effects, while in 2017, attention shifted to the surgical process and market stability. From 2018 onward, news coverage expanded, especially in May, focusing on cosmetic technology and related industries amid increased outdoor activities. With the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, there was a resurgence in coverage of the cosmetic surgery market. In 2023, post-pandemic, there was an uptick in articles related to cosmetic surgery technology industries and support funds. The core words in cosmetic surgery news were spreading around "plastic surgery," "China," and "Botulinum". The study sheds light on the potential influence of capital on media portrayals of cosmetic surgery and the resulting societal consequences of misinformation.

A Systematic Review of the Effects of Non-invasive Care on the Body

This study aimed to provide a more comprehensive understanding of non-invasive care by investigating, comparing, and describing the effects of non-invasive care on the human body, its needs, and the feelings of people receiving non-invasive care, and to explore how non-invasive care can synergize or influence modern contactless care. This narrative review included 44 articles selected from 22,222 articles referenced from PubMed, Google Scholar, Research Gate, and RISS databases using the PRISMA flowchart. Based on advanced cosmetic technology, non-invasive management was reconsidered and summarized for its effect on immunity and pain by directly focusing on non-invasive skin massage. This review demonstrates the utility of non-invasive management for cosmetic and therapeutic purposes since it provides the highest understanding of non-invasive management, specifically massage. We aimed to satisfy needs by carefully reconsidering and identifying consumers’ desires to be beautiful and pain-free. We hope it will serve as a reference for those seeking pain relief and a beautiful appearance.

Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Shampoo

Hair is an important part of the body appeal and its look is a health indicator. Accordingly, recent advances in hair science and hair care technologies have been reported in literature claiming innovations and strategies for hair treatments and cosmetic products. The treatment of hair and scalp, primarily, involved the use of shampoo for an effective, but gentle cleansing; however, for years, the shampoo is considered not only as a cosmetic product having the purifying purpose, but it is also responsible for maintaining the health and the beauty of hair, imparting gloss and improving manageability. For meeting the needs of a multitasking formulation, following also the recent marketing-trend addressed to the "natural world", new challenges for cosmetic technology are aimed towards the research of natural ingredients, as well as new techniques for shampoo formulation. Regarding the recent development of solid shampoos, little information is available about their use, formulation and advantages. This review is largely focused on the description of solid shampoos, mainly based on the use of clays, herbs or flours as washing bases alternative to the traditional ones, consisting of a combination of synthetic surfactants, together with other usual ingredients expected in a shampoo formulation

Green Synthesis, Characterization, Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Enzyme Inhibition Effects of Chestnut (Castanea sativa) Honey-Mediated Silver Nanoparticles.

In this study, chestnut honey-based silver nanoparticles (CH-AgNPs) were synthesized at different temperatures (30, 60 and 90 °C) and these nanoparticles were characterized by different techniques such as UV-vis spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The DPPH free radical scavenging assay was used to determine the antioxidant activity of the obtained nanoparticles. The inhibition effects of these nanoparticles for some clinically important enzymes such as myeloperoxidase and collagenase were investigated. In addition, the disk diffusion method (DDM), agar well diffusion (AWD), and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) techniques were used to determine the antibacterial activity of CH-AgNPs. In honey-based silver nanoparticle production processes using green synthesis, it was determined that the nanoparticle sizes decreased from 55 to 27 nm with an increase in temperature. In addition, it was determined that the rate of inhibition of myeloperoxidase (36.4% to 34.0%) and collagenase enzymes (74.2% to 68.7%) increased with a decrease in particle size. As a result of the antibacterial activity tests, it was observed that CH-AgNPs have antibacterial activity against all target pathogens including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The obtained results show that CH-AgNPs produced using chestnut honey have the potential to be used in fields such as medicine, pharmacy and cosmetic technology.

Occupational health and safety: measurement and analysis of the electromagnetic radiation produced by radiofrequency devices for rejuvenation.

With the ongoing development of cosmetic technology, many different types of radiofrequency (RF) devices are widely used for face and body rejuvenation. These, like many other high-power devices, may emit excessive electromagnetic radiation into the surrounding environment. Long-term exposure to this environment can lead to poor health outcomes; therefore, it is important to measure and analyze the electromagnetic radiation levels for the health and safety of therapists. A handheld electronic electromagnetic radiation measuring instrument was used to measure the electric and magnetic field strengths. All results were analyzed using the R software (R Core Team, 2021-02-15). We found that the monopolar and unipolar RF devices that we measured from, in this study, could produce large amounts of electromagnetic radiofrequency emissions during operation, whereas the microneedle RF (bipolar RF) device emitted relatively lower amounts (P < 0.01). The strength of electromagnetic radiation is related to power and distance; it increases with power and decreases with distance. This study proved that certain RF devices for rejuvenation could cause severe electromagnetic radiofrequency pollution. The occupational health and safety of therapists require more attention, and effective protective measures need to be taken immediately.

Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal hair Oil

Pharmacogonosy is defined as the scientific study of the structural physical, chemical and biological characters of crude drugs along with their history cultivation, collection, preparation for the market and preservation. The word cosmetics is defined as that article which is rubbed, poured, sprinkled or applicable to any part of material body for the aim of cleansing, beautifying the appearance is called as cosmetics. Herbal cosmetics is one amongst the foremost potent and effective area of cosmetic technology Herbal cosmetics are now-a-days widely utilized by the common people thanks to concept of fewer side effects and with a better safety and security profile. The purpose of using cosmetic preparations is to attain worship and sensual enjoyment. The present research work was aimed to formulate herbal oil for application in hairs using various plant materials were collected viz., Amla, Hibiscus, aloe Vera, Jasmin , fenugreek ,Onion, Curry leaves, black cumin, Almond oil, Til oil, Coconut oil etc. The formulated herbal oil was evaluated and various parameters such as Acid value viscosity, saponification value, pH, Skin irritation etc. were determined and are reported in this paper.

Herbal hair oil

Beauty and cosmetic concept is as ancient as mankind and civilization. Cosmetics play a vital role in human life. Herbal cosmetic is one of the most effective areas of cosmetic technology. Herbal cosmetics are developed by the coalition of bioactive ingredients and pharmaceutical products. Herbs are used for beautification purpose of body, preparation of cosmetics, flavouring and colouring agent. Hair plays a vital role in personality of human and we use a lots of cosmetics product for the care of hair. The study aims reviewing the importance of herbal oil and their use in the common hair problem such as baldness, hair fall, hair dryness, dandruff etc. Various beauty and cosmetic products are used which contain herbs to give young and charming look. Various herbal ingredients are used in herbal hair formulation; they provide essential nutrients such as vitamins, antioxidant, etc. Herbal hair oil has been widely used for nourishment of hair and for the protection of hair from hair fall and hair damage. Now a day’s side effect is a major problem after using any beauty product due to which herbal products are preferred because of having less probability of any types of side effects.

Heterocyclic Surfactants and Their Applications in Cosmetics

AbstractSurfactants are compounds with unique properties such as low toxicity, functionality under extreme conditions, and biologically degradable nature. The diversity of these molecules supports their potential application in the formulation of cosmetic products. Various functional properties of surfactants e. g. cleansing, foaming, solubilizing, wetting, emulsifying, thickening, antimicrobial effects etc are utilized for preparing beautifying agents for skin, hair, nail and other body parts. Presence of heterocyclic moieties is ubiquitous in therapeutic and pharmaceutical compounds. The biological activity of these heterocyclic skeletons is also helpful in cosmetic formulation. The present article discusses about various surface active compounds based on heterocyclic moieties for their possible application in cosmetic technology. The types and properties of surfactants that are commonly used for the preparation of cosmetic products have been discussed.

Armored Droplets as Soft Nanocarriers for Encapsulation and Release under Flow Conditions.

Technical challenges in precision medicine and environmental remediation create an increasing demand for smart materials that can select and deliver a probe load to targets with high precision. In this context, soft nanomaterials have attracted considerable attention due to their ability to simultaneously adapt their morphology and functionality to complex ambients. Two major challenges are to precisely control this adaptability under dynamic conditions and provide predesigned functionalities that can be manipulated by external stimuli. Here, we report on the computational design of a distinctive class of soft nanocarriers, built from armored nanodroplets, able to selectively encapsulate or release a probe load under specific flow conditions. First, we describe in detail the mechanisms at play in the formation of pocket-like structures in armored nanodroplets and their stability under external flow. Then we use that knowledge to test the capacity of these pockets to yield flow-assisted encapsulation or expulsion of a probe load. Finally, the rheological properties of these nanocarriers are put into perspective with those of delivery systems employed in pharmaceutical and cosmetic technology.

127 Using a cosmetic technology to increase expression of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1-α hydroxylase in human keratinocytes

Vitamin D3 is made in the skin through the photolysis of 7-dehydrocholesterol by UVB between 295-303 nm or obtained through food or supplements. Vitamin D3 does not have significant biological activity and must be converted to a biologically active form in a multistep reaction by either entering the blood stream where activation occurs in the liver then the kidneys or activation in the skin to be used locally. Interestingly, keratinocytes are the only cells in the body that can perform this process from start to finish. Active Vitamin D3 or calcitriol is important for proper skin function and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1-α hydroxylase (CYP27B1), a rate-limiting enzyme in the formation of active form of vitamin D3, was shown to be required for optimal epidermal differentiation and permeability barrier homeostasis. Therefore, identifying compounds that can increase expression of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1-α hydroxylase in skin is a viable approach to develop cosmetic products aiming to increase synthesis of active form of Vitamin D3 in skin, which could lead to barrier homeostasis. Human keratinocytes were treated in vitro with a cosmetic technology. After 24 hours of treatment, these keratinocytes exhibited an 86% increase in 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1-α hydroxylase expression (p<0.05), normalized to GAPDH, compared to the untreated control. This increase suggests that the cosmetic technology could help facilitate the formation of Vitamin D produced in the skin, which has implications in barrier improvement. In-house clinical study of immediate barrier shows that a formulation containing patented technology blend significantly improve skin’s barrier 15 minutes after a single application compared to baseline and untreated control, as shown via TEWL measurements. This further suggest the role of this cosmetic technology in supporting skin barrier homeostasis.

Sugar Surfactant‐Based Shampoos

AbstractNaturally derived surfactants in hair care products are a trend in cosmetic technology. This study aimed to formulate and fully characterize the performance of shampoos with sugar‐derived surfactants, namely, the alkyl polyglucosides decyl glucoside and coco‐glucoside. In addition, different thickeners and conditioning ingredients were added to improve the formulation properties. A sodium laureth sulfate (SLES) formulation was used as control. Rheology, pH, foaming, contact angles on a keratin surface, and surface tensions were determined. The safety of the formulations was evaluated by in vitro cytotoxicity studies using the human keratinocyte HaCaT cell line and human retinal pigment epithelial cells ARPE‐19. The efficacies were studied by in vitro hair combing force assays and in vivo sensorial analysis. The formulated sugar surfactant‐based shampoos showed the following properties: (i) pH values higher than those of SLES (which were posteriorly lowered with lactic acid); (ii) higher foamability than SLES, and high wettability; (iii) Newtonian behavior and predominance of liquid state with a suitable viscosity; (iv) low cytotoxicity in both human keratinocytes and retinal cell lines (in contrast to SLES); (v) easier hair combing than SLES, when Polyquaternium‐7 was used as conditioner; (vi) efficient and gentle hair washing; and (vii) favorable sensorial analysis confirming the previous washing properties. In conclusion, the sugar surfactants had a considerable impact in the properties of the shampoo formulations, in terms of both hair cleansing properties and efficacy, as demonstrated here. These favorable outcomes clearly support the use of these ingredients in shampoo formulation design.

Electrochemical properties of ZnO anode materials with MicNo® morphology

AbstractZnO‐based anodes are currently possessing drawbacks such as their low cyclic stability, high capacity fade, and relatively low electronic conductivity that prevent their widespread use in commercial batteries. A commercially available, patented MicNo morphology of ZnO is known to adopt the advantages of nanosize into bulk in the field of semiconductor and cosmetic technology. In this study, the electrochemical performance of ZnO having MicNo morphology and its potential use in Li‐ion batteries were investigated. After 100 galvanostatic cycles at constant 100 mA/g current density, the retained capacity of MicNo is higher than nanosized ZnO‐the starting powder for MicNo ZnO. On the contrary, at higher current densities of 500 or 1000 mA/g, the nano‐ZnO showed better cyclability and lower capacity fade compared to MicNo ZnO. In cyclic voltammetry results, reduction in ZnO, LiZn, and Li2Zn3 formation was dominant during formation cycle of MicNo ZnO along with excellent reversibility. After lithiation, phase change from crystalline ZnO into metallic Zn and amorphous ZnO was observed from transmission electron microscopy analysis. Improved Li+ diffusion in SEI and pore channels, better charge‐transfer characteristics, poor electronic contact, and high EDL capacitance are other features of MicNo ZnO according to electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.

Separation of terpenes from lemon essential oil by selective fractionation under a vacuum

The paper reports basic modern methods for isolating terpenes, outlines the advantages and reasons for this particular technological processing of essential oils, specifically lemon oil. The qualitative composition and quantitative ratios of components in lemon essential oil were determined by gas chromatography on a packed column (the stationary phase-dinonylphthalate). Based on the chromatographic profile, it was found that the key component of the oil is monoterpene d-limonene (70.60±4.61 %), which masks a harmonious manifestation of lemon flavor. The paper reports results from theoretical calculations of selective fractionation under a vacuum that have been tested at a laboratory installation for the fractional distillation of essential oils, which simulates a full cycle of fractionation. The basic nodes of the installation were aligned with the schemes of universal plants that are common in industry. The optimal modes for the selection of terpenes and terpenoid factions are given, namely the value for the limit and working reflux number, pressure, and boiling temperature ranges. The fraction of terpene, selected at a cube temperature from 67 °C to 70 °C, under a pressure of 2.64 kPa at a reflux ratio of 1:3, makes up 30.0 % by weight. The fraction of terpenoids, selected at a cube temperature from 84 °C to 96 °C, under a residual pressure from 0.33 to 0.66 kPa and at a reflux ratio of 1:14, makes up 60.0 % by weight. Following the organoleptic study, it was established that the terpene fraction has a lemon flavor, due to the high content (80.0 %) of limonene, with notes of bergamot (β-myrcene ‒ 5.12 %). Among other terpenoids, citral adds a muscat tone to the aroma, which, together with geraniol and linalool, acquires a noble aroma of citrus with a fine floral note. All fractions of essential oils should be used in the food and cosmetic technology because the fraction of terpenes could be a valuable component in the creation of original composite fragrances.

Hair Care Cosmetics: From Traditional Shampoo to Solid Clay and Herbal Shampoo, A Review

Hair is an important part of the body appeal and its look is a health indicator. Accordingly, recent advances in hair science and hair care technologies have been reported in literature claiming innovations and strategies for hair treatments and cosmetic products. The treatment of hair and scalp, primarily, involved the use of shampoo for an effective, but gentle cleansing; however, for years, the shampoo is considered not only as a cosmetic product having the purifying purpose, but it is also responsible for maintaining the health and the beauty of hair, imparting gloss and improving manageability. For meeting the needs of a multitasking formulation, following also the recent marketing-trend addressed to the "natural world", new challenges for cosmetic technology are aimed towards the research of natural ingredients, as well as new techniques for shampoo formulation. Regarding the recent development of solid shampoos, little information is available about their use, formulation and advantages. This review is largely focused on the description of solid shampoos, mainly based on the use of clays, herbs or flours as washing bases alternative to the traditional ones, consisting of a combination of synthetic surfactants, together with other usual ingredients expected in a shampoo formulation.

Variation in skin hydration on the basis of Deha Prakriti (body constitution): A cross-sectional observational study

Background:Prakriti (body constitution) is an important concept of Ayurveda which is decided at the time of birth. It shows differences in physical, physiological and psychological characteristics of an individual. Variation in skin characteristics is found as per Prakriti.Aim:The aim of the present work was to study hydration of skin over volar forearm in people with different Prakriti with the help of skin diagnostic SD 27 instrument.Subjects and Methods:This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Cosmetic Technology Department in unmarried healthy female students of (18–30 years). A total of 904 volunteers were screened, of which 621 volunteers were further examined for Deha Prakriti for screening of single Dosha dominant Prakriti. 58 Vata, 70 Pitta and 61 Kapha dominant Prakriti were eligible for further study, but on actual day of skin examination, 50 volunteers in each group completed the study. Skin hydration was measured by skin diagnostic SD 27 instrument.Results:It was found that maximum people with Vata (92%) and Pitta dominant Prakriti (70%) had less hydration while (48%) Kapha dominant Prakriti volunteers had normal to dehydrated skin. Chi-square test was used for analysis. The Chi-square value is 45.9 and P = 0.0001, which is highly significant.Conclusion:The skin of Vata and Pitta dominant Prakriti had less hydration while hydration was well maintained in Kapha dominant Prakriti than that of Vata and Pitta Prakriti people.

A Photoplethysmography Melanin Evaluation System by Modified Boltzmann Transport Equation (BTE)

With the advance in cosmetic medical technology in recent years, more and more people get cosmetic medical treatments, especially skin whitening treatments. Nevertheless, people usually assess the effect of skin whitening products by vision, which is subjective and will be different from each person. To acquire the value of melanin concentration objectively, people need to go to cosmetic medical clinics. This will cause inconvenience to people. This paper develops a novel evaluation platform based on optical assessment methods, which employ different absorption and scattering properties to different wavelengths of light in human tissue to obtain melanin concentration. Moreover, this paper proposes a new method that compensates the interaction between epidermis and dermis to acquire the melanin concentration more accurately. The novel platform designed in this paper is smaller and consumes lower-power and smaller when comparing to other conventional devices in market.

Nanocosmetics: Past, Present and Future Trends

Products created by nanotechnology are one of the major advancements in cosmetic technology and have resulted into further development of cosmetic science. As nanomaterials continually gain attention in the field of health care, cosmetic industries are perceived to be the most advanced in incorporating nanoparticles into their products. Products underpinned by nanotechnology have increased by nearly 516% between the years 2006 -2013. A large number of patents based on nanotechnology are in the sphere of personnel care products. On the other hand there are several safety issues that are gaining continuous attention. In the light of current knowledge, agencies like the Federal Drug Administration (US) and Directive of EU Regulation and International Cooperation on Cosmetic Regulation established laws for continuous testing and transparency in the research based on nanocosmetics. This article seeks to bring an overview of nanotechnology and its applications in cosmetics published in scientific papers and patents.

An introduction to cosmetic technology

An introduction to cosmetic technology

NANOFIBERS: FABRICATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND THEIR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS

With the emergence of nanotechnology, researchers have become interested in studying the unique properties of nanoscale materials. Nanofibers are attractive in the biomedical field for several reasons. First, surface area on nanofibers is much higher compared to bulk materials, which allows for enhanced adhesion of cells, proteins, and drugs. Second, nanofibers can be fabricated into sophisticated macroscale structures. The ability to fabricate nanofibers allows renewed efforts in developing hierarchical structures that mimic those in animals and humans. This article describes various fabrication methods of nanofibers including phase separation, self assembly and electrospinning. Electrospinning, an electrostatic fiber fabrication technique, has evinced more interest and attention in recent years due to its versatility and potential for applications in diverse fields. In this review article we have focused on geometrical, chemical and mechanical characterizations of nanofibers and its application in biomedical field. The notable applications are in the fields of tissue engineering, biosensors, wound dressings, drug delivery and cosmetic technology.