Cosmetic Makeup Research Articles

The Effect of Cosmetic Makeup on Body Imagery and Anxiety and Depression in Patients Undergoing Postoperative Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Study.

Purpose: The objective was to compare the body images of breast cancer patients undergoing postoperative chemotherapy and the varying degrees of their anxiety and depression. The comparison involved those who received four consecutive cycles of cosmetic makeup and those who did not. Patients and Methods: Seventy-four breast cancer patients receiving postoperative chemotherapy were randomly assigned to either the control group or the intervention group. The control group received usual care, while the intervention group received four consecutive cycles of chemotherapy along with cosmetic makeup intervention on top of usual care. The intervention was carried out on the first day after the completion of each chemotherapy cycle. Assessments were made before the first intervention and 1 month after the fourth intervention using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Scale of Body Imagery. Results: After four cycles of intervention, significant differences emerged between the intervention and control groups regarding anxiety, depression, and body imagery. Additionally, within the intervention group, notable changes in these aspects were observed over time. Conclusion: The results showed that cosmetic interventions can effectively reduce the level of anxiety and depression of breast cancer patients receiving postoperative chemotherapy and effectively improve the body imagery of patients.

Endocrine disruptors and additives in cosmetic makeup products: Alert to users

Introduction: Cosmetic products contain a wide range of chemicals that we are exposed to daily. The aim of the study was to determine the presence of potentially hazardous substances that could cause adverse health effects by reviewing product labels facilitated by Capture images using Android phone. Materials and methods: In total, 105 makeup products were collected in different stores in the city of Lubumbashi, mainly mascaras, nail polishes, powders, lipsticks, liquid and powder foundations, blush. eyeshadow and blush as well as eyelid pencils. Each product's label was reviewed and a list including additives, preservatives, colorings, Endocrine Disruptors and Allergens, and chemicals of concern was created. Results: eyeshadows and blushes, foundations, and lipsticks contained the most additives and endocrine disruptors, followed by eyelid pencil and liquid foundation, nail polishes were the least supplied. This distribution seems to be the same for colorings and additives with allergic potential were numerous mainly in powders. In these makeup products; Mineral oils, parabens, black iron oxide, mica, titanium dioxin and synthetic perfumes were successively the most present. Added to this category are dyes (carbon black, brilliant red green, etc.) and additives with allergenic potential (limonene, citral, etc.) Conclusions: The use of many of these substances is authorized within certain limits, due to their toxicity at higher concentrations. Other important aspects must be taken into account, such as the possibility of long-term effects. On the other hand, other substances can cause several acute undesirable side effects, namely contact dermatitis and allergic reactions. For these reasons, improvement in the criteria used for cosmetic formulation is necessary since many chemicals used individually or in combination are potentially dangerous.

Biomedical Applications of Blow-Spun Coatings, Mats, and Scaffolds—A Mini-Review

Human tissues and disease models require well-defined biomimetic microenvironments. During the past decade, innovative developments in materials science, microfabrication, and polymer science have provided us with the ability to manipulate cellular microenvironments for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications. Solution blow spinning is a facile fiber fabricating method that requires a simple apparatus, a concentrated polymer solution within a volatile solvent, and a high-pressure gas source. Commercially available airbrushes, typically used for painting and cosmetic makeup, have successfully generated a range of nanofibers and films. Applications under investigation are similar to electrospinning and include enzyme immobilization, drug delivery, filtration, infection protection, tissue engineering, and wound healing. This review will discuss fiber fabrication methods before a more detailed discussion of the potential of blow-spinning in biomedical applications.

Evaluation of cosmetic lipsticks for hazardous heavy metals and determination of antimicrobial potency

Background: Lipstick, a cosmetic product containing pigment, wax materials, oils and emollient that apply color, is the most widely used cosmetic make-up to enhance the beauty of lips. Consciously or unconsciously, lipsticks have cast a spell over cultures for years and its possible health implications on the consistent wearer's remain a subject of controversy. This study evaluated commercial lipsticks purchased from selected beauticians' shops in Ibadan for antimicrobial potency and hazardous heavymetals. Methods: One gram (1g) of representative lipsticks samples was weighed on analytical weighing balance and dissolve in 10 mL of acetone. A stock concentration of 100mg/mL was prepared using 50% acetone as diluents. Thereafter, 5mL of the stock was pipette in to 5mls of 5% acetone to make a concentration of 50mg/mL . A quantity of 0.8g of each representative samples were weighed and 8mL of HNO3: HCl (1:3) were added to the samples in each beaker. The samples were heated and the preparation was allowed to cool and filtered to removed undissolved waxy materials, while the digested solutions were made up to mark 40 ml with sterile distilled water. The sample solutions were analyzed for Cr, Pb, Cd, Mn, Fe and Zn using FlameAtomicAbsorption Spectrophotometer. Culture of E. coli, S. aureus, K. pneumonia, Streptococcus sp, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa seeded in moltenMueller Hinton agar were challenged with (100mg/mL and 50mg/mL) concentrations of selected acetone dissolved lipsticks samples using agar well diffusion technique. Results: Lead was found in varied concentrations in all the 15 samples examined, while Cadmium, Magnesium, Zinc and Iron were found in 7 of the 15 samples, Chromium was found in 3 of the total samples examined. Thirteen (13) of the 15 samples of lipsticks examined exhibited antimicrobial property against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella spp at either 100 mg/mLand/or 50mg/mL. Conclusion: The degree of heavy metals detected from the samples examined could be inimical to user's health coupled with the susceptibility of some of the lipsticks sample to bacteria of clinical potential. There is therefore a need for extensive testing to assess and assure the efficacy of lipsticks regularly before delivery to markets.

Cosmetic makeup enhances facial attractiveness and affective neural responses.

Although it is well established that cosmetic makeup enhances perceived facial attractiveness, few studies have examined whether facial makeup modulates neural responses to face images. This study investigated behavioral and attractiveness-related brain responses to self-applied makeup, focusing on the N170, early posterior negativity, P300, and late positive potential components of event-related brain potentials. A total of 77 Japanese women participated in two experiments (N = 34 and 43 for Experiments 1 and 2, respectively). Experiment 1 assessed the effects of self-applied makeup on attractiveness-related event-related potential amplitudes using facial images during a makeup identification task in which makeup was directly relevant to task demands. Experiment 2 examined the effects of self-applied makeup using images of one's own face and another female's face when performing a gender classification task, where the presence of makeup had no explicit connection to facial gender classification. In both experiments, faces with makeup were rated as more attractive and elicited more negative early posterior negativity and more positive late positive potential components, regardless of the participant's own face or another person's face. These findings suggest that people are spontaneously motivated to pay visual attention to faces with makeup, which supports the idea that makeup adds reward value to the facial appearance of the human. Moreover, neural evidence empirically confirmed that the benefits of makeup are not just limited to how others see your face but also extend to how you see your own face.

Correction of mature skin with the help of decorative cosmetics

Beauty products are used to visually conceal visible aging of skin. The appropriate selection of makeup techniques and decorative cosmetics for mature age women help correct their features and conceal skin problems. 
 Aim. The article deals with the effect of cosmetic products on mature face skin. 
 Material and methods. In 2021, as many as 16 publications on the subject under discussion that appeared during the past decade, were analysed. Between 2012 and 2021, articles were published in the databases of the journals Skin Research and Technology, Psychology, Journal of Pharmaceutics, Dermatology, Cosmetics, Journal of Consumer Behaviour. All publications are in the English language, the texts are complete and easily accessible. The selected publications describe the skin aging process, the composition of beauty products, nanotechnology products and the application of cosmetic products to prevent the process of premature skin aging. Recommendations for mature skin care are provided.
 Results. In the 21st century, cosmetics is widely used and is in great demand in the world market. Annually the demand increases by approximately 4.5 percent. Cosmetic products and make-up make mature face skin look more attractive. Attractive faces are perceived as much younger, the face contour is preserved, skin is firm, the size of the eyes and the area around them, and lip distraction remain unchanged. Cosmetic surgical procedures enhancing the appearance of face skin can improve psychological health of the patients; there is no evidence about how these changes effect a positive attitude of other individuals to their changed appearance, the status of an individual and his/her social wellbeing.
 Conclusions. 1. Most often scientific literature is concerned with the effect of make-up on the psychological aspect – an individual’s attractiveness. 2. Beauty products and make-up techniques chosen for mature skin change the face in three directions: they change the contours of the face, skin homogeneity, contrast of the face and the size of facial features. 3. Innovative, biologically active cosmetic products have an external and therapeutic benefit to the appearance of face skin, are not only friendly to human skin and health but also are environmentally friendly.

The effects of therapists’ attractiveness and attributes on clients’ inclination toward self-disclosure – to wear makeup or not to wear makeup?

ABSTRACT Previous research suggests that more attractive therapists can encourage clients to disclose themselves more. On account of the halo effect, it can be conjectured that this relationship is mediated by other perceived attributes of therapists, such as their counselling competence and empathic understanding. Nonetheless, no study has been undertaken to examine this mediation effect. This study was therefore geared towards testing the indirect effect of therapists’ physical attractiveness on clients’ inclination towards self-disclosure via therapists’ core attributes. In addition, the application of cosmetic makeup, therapist age, and client sex were considered. A total of 129 young adults were recruited to complete the Therapist Attribute Inventory and Jourard Self-Disclosure Questionnaire based on one of the four photographs of female therapists with or without wearing makeup. The data was analysed using 7 PROCESS Macro models. The results indicate that positive ratings on perceived therapist attractiveness can be transferred to other therapist attributes, which in turn promote clients’ inclination towards self-disclosure. The application of cosmetics has an impact on this mediation effect, albeit being in an unexpected fashion. This has implications for whether therapists should wear makeup in a Hong Kong Chinese counselling setting and how it would affect clients’ self-disclosure.

12892 A highly corrective cosmetic make-up significantly improves quality of life, as well as dryness and tautness of skin, for subjects with acne, melasma, rosacea, or other facial concerns that would benefit from corrective make-up

12892 A highly corrective cosmetic make-up significantly improves quality of life, as well as dryness and tautness of skin, for subjects with acne, melasma, rosacea, or other facial concerns that would benefit from corrective make-up

Makeup Lifestyles of the Female Youths in Ghana. Evidence from Kumasi and Accra Tertiary Institutions

Women would want to appear more attractive and feminine to enjoy the benefits that accompany it. It is against this background that they predominate in makeup usage. The study fundamentally determined the makeup lifestyles of the female youths in selected tertiary institutions in Ghana. Employing descriptive research through cross sectional survey and using convenience sampling techniques, data was collected from female students, mainly in Accra and Kumasi tertiary institutions and 260 questionnaires analysed. Findings revealed that respondents generally used makeup for glamour, attractiveness, supporting their career, creativity, feeling confident and empowerment. More respondents applied makeup only on special occasions and mostly considered the complexion, skin tone, skin type, clothing, occasion and quality of the product before using it. Generally, respondents used makeup whilst going to ‘lectures’, ‘on a date’, ‘to church’, and ‘to work’. Some did not use make on all and more makeup users spent less than 15 minutes on all situations especially to ‘lectures’, ‘job interviews’, ‘church’ and ‘visit to friends’. Greater respondents ‘sometimes’ or ‘once daily’ touched up their makeups and many ‘seldom’ carried makeup item(s) for touch-ups mostly being lipstick, powder, and lip-gloss. More respondents started makeup between 16 and 19 years and more viewed makeup to social situations as ‘important’ and that makeup enhances their self-appearance, and boost their consciousness. Respondents were satisfied without makeup than with makeup and majority were aware of the negative effects of makeup on human skin. The study recommends that makeup users be educated on the negative effects of colour cosmetics so that they would be better informed in their application. This study is the first to have been conducted in Ghana and could be useful for the cosmetic industry, researchers and the academia. Keywords: Attractiveness, makeup cosmetics, female youths, tertiary institutions, makeup lifestyle, Ghana. Definition of Terms In this paper, makeup refers to cosmetic makeup and makeup cosmetics means coloured cosmetics, makeup items, cosmetics and are thus used interchangeably. DOI: 10.7176/ADS/75-01 Publication date: August 31 st 2019

A study on Heavy Metal Materials in Cosmetic Makeup Concealers

Background/Objective: This paper aimed to select low-priced and high riced concealer products sold inKorea to analyze the inorganic materials in these cosmetic products and to investigate whether any heavymetal materials harmful to humans are present in them.Method: The inorganic materials and heavy metal materials in the concealer cosmetics products wereobserved with a scanning electron microscope and the component elements were analyzed using energydispersion spectroscopy.Findings: Both the low- and high-priced concealer products used for this study mainly contained silica,titanium dioxide, and iron oxide. The study found that the high-priced concealer products did not containheavy metal materials harmful to humans but the low-priced concealer products contained the radioactivematerial technetium. When cosmetics containing this radioactive material are applied over a long period oftime adverse health and cosmetic effects may develop.Improvements/Applications: Not only stones and soil in nature but also metals in water may be mixedinto the base materials used to manufacture cosmetics. High-purity base materials must be used to producehigh-quality cosmetics and a thorough quality control process must be applied to the manufacturing processto prevent foreign materials from contaminating cosmetics products.

Facial Cosmetics Exert a Greater Influence on Processing of the Mouth Relative to the Eyes: Evidence from the N170 Event-Related Potential Component.

Cosmetic makeup significantly influences facial perception. Because faces consist of similar physical structures, cosmetic makeup is typically used to highlight individual features, particularly those of the eyes (i.e., eye shadow) and mouth (i.e., lipstick). Though event-related potentials have been utilized to study various aspects of facial processing, the influence of cosmetics on specific ERP components remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the application of cosmetic makeup and the amplitudes of the P1 and N170 event-related potential components during facial perception tasks. Moreover, the influence of visual perception on N170 amplitude, was evaluated under three makeup conditions: Eye Shadow, Lipstick, and No Makeup. Electroencephalography was used to monitor 17 participants who were exposed to visual stimuli under each these three makeup conditions. The results of the present study subsequently demonstrated that the Lipstick condition elicited a significantly greater N170 amplitude than the No Makeup condition, while P1 amplitude was unaffected by any of the conditions. Such findings indicate that the application of cosmetic makeup alters general facial perception but exerts no influence on the perception of low-level visual features. Collectively, these results support the notion that the application of makeup induces subtle alterations in the processing of facial stimuli, with a particular effect on the processing of specific facial components (i.e., the mouth), as reflected by changes in N170 amplitude.

Patterns of Reactions to Red Pigment Tattoo and Treatment Methods.

Tattoos are common and used extensively as either body art or cosmetic make-up; more rarely, they can be traumatic in nature. We have systemically analysed the literature for the patterns of red pigment tattoo reactions and their treatment options. Our search identified 18 articles; there was 1 non-randomised controlled trial, and the rest were small case studies. In total 139 patients were included within the studies. This review systematically analyses the different subsets of red tattoo reactions including lichenoid, dermatitis, granulomatous, pseudolymphomatous and miscellaneous reactions. The current evidence for the treatment for the above is presented. Dermatitis and lichenoid reactions appear to be the most common subtype of red pigment reactions with various treatment methods applied showing laser intervention to have some degree of success.

Virtual Makeover and Virtual Trial Dressing

Now-a-days everyone wants to look fashionable. But, it is difficult for ordinary users to make a wonderful makeup and hairstyles. Moreover, when you are in nude look and want to share better look with your friends, the fastest and easiest way is virtualmakeup. However, current existing makeup software needs many user inputs to adjust face landmarks, which influence the user experience. And, it cannot remove the flaws on skin as good as the real cosmetic makeup. Hence, we have introduced such system that allows you to do almost all the makeup work. The system would be platform independent and made up of all the free-source development tools so that if taken commercially later we will keep the cost as low as possible. This will make it accessible in small time running beauty parlors.

Lipoprotein(a)

Lipoprotein(a)

Acne at Ayder Referral Hospital among Patients Attending Dermatologic Clinic, Mekelle, Northern Ethiopia, September 2014

Background: Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of pilosebceous units with a clinical picture which vary significantly from mild comedonal acne to fulminant systemic disease. Acne has a significant impact on appearance, causing psychosocial and emotional distress, and reducing quality of life of the affected patients. Acne distresses patients due to the fact that it mainly affects the face, being easily visible and constantly present in everyday life. So the aim of this study will be minimizing the gap on magnitude and factors associated with acne at Ayder Referral Hospital.Objectives: To assess the magnitude and factors associated with acne among patients attending dermatologic clinic at Ayder referral hospital, Mekelle, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia.Methods: An institutional based cross sectional study design and sequential convenience sampling technique was implemented at Ayder referral hospital dermatologic Unit until sample size (423) is fulfilled. A total sample size (402) of data was entered and analyzed by SPSS version 16.0. Descriptive and logistic regression analysis was done. Data was presented in the form of tables, graphs and numerical measures. Also it was interpreted by using odds ratio, confidence interval of 95% and p-value less than 0.05.Result: The magnitude of acne in ARH, dermatologic OPD was 19.4%. Mean age of patients with acne were 20.6(±4.6)yrs while the mean age at acne start were 17.56(±3.22)yrs. From total of 78 acne patients female accounts 41(52.6%), Urban resident 66(84%) and never married were 65(83.3%). Age (11-20yrs), urban resident, never married individuals, history of acne in the family and cosmetics use were statistically associated with acne on bivariate analysis while family history of acne (AOR7.72(2.99,19.88)CI95%), cosmetics use (AOR4.83(1.66,14.08),CI95%) and never married individuals (AOR2.68(1.04,6.91(CI95%) were significantly associated variables with acne on multivariate analysis.Conclusion and recommendation: The magnitude of acne in ARH was 19.4% and the associated factors were presence of acne in the family and use of cosmetic make-up. People should avoid use of cosmetics make-up without medical advice.

Interactive Cosmetic Makeup of a 3D Point-Based Face Model

We present an interactive system for cosmetic makeup of a point-based face model acquired by 3D scanners. We first enhance the texture of a face model in 3D space using low-pass Gaussian filtering, median filtering, and histogram equalization. The user is provided with a stereoscopic display and haptic feedback, and can perform simulated makeup tasks including the application of foundation, color makeup, and lip gloss. Fast rendering is achieved by processing surfels using the GPU, and we use a BSP tree data structure and a dynamic local refinement of the facial surface to provide interactive haptics. We have implemented a prototype system and evaluated its performance.

Prevalence and risk factors of facial acne vulgaris among Chinese adolescents

Acne vulgaris, a very common condition among adolescents, can result in psychological distress, including anxiety and depression. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of acne vulgaris among Chinese adolescents. In the Zhou Hai district of Guangdong Province, 3163 students 10 to 18 years old were selected from 7 schools. Information was collected using self-administrated questionnaIres and physician examinations. The prevalence of acne vulgaris was calculated from the collected data. Potential risk factors including age, gender, diet, skin type, sleeping habits, and facial make-up use were analyzed using stepwise logistic regression. The results showed a prevalence of acne vuglaris of 53.5% in all adolescents, with 51.3% in males and 58.6% in females. The prevalence of inflammatory acne in males and females combined was 25.8% and of acne scarring 7.1%. Increased age was related to higher prevalence and severity of acne vulgaris: 15.6%, 44.9%, and 70.4% for 10, 13, and 16 year olds, respectively. Acne vulgaris was more prevalent in girls under and boys over 14 years of age. Significant risk factors of acne vuglaris included age, skin type (oily, mixed, or neutral skin in comparison with dry skin), insufficient sleep, and cosmetic make-up use. Acne vulgaris is prevalent among Chinese adolescents 10 to 18 years old. Health education to address this condition in Chinese adolescents could have important implications for public health.

Les fards rouges cosmétiques et rituels a base de cinabre et d'ocre de l'époque punique en Tunisie: analyse, identification et caractérisation

Natural antique colorants include mainly red pigments such as cinnabar and ochre. These archeological pigments were used especially as funeral and cosmetic makeup and are a material proof of handicraft activities and exchanges. The identification and characterization of a group of punic colorants, corresponding to samples discovered during excavations at several Tunisian archeological sites (Cartage, Ksour Essef, Kerkouane, Bekalta, Makthar, Bou Arada), were conducted using the least destructive analysis techniques such us scanning electron microscopy coupled to X-ray fluorescence microprobe, direct current plasma emission spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and X-ray diffraction. Eleven natural red colorants from punic period were subject to this investigation and were compared to contemporary substances. Five colorants were cinnabar and the other six were ochre.

The heyday of pastels in the Eighteenth Century

Summary This paper is dedicated to the memory of Maria Bohusz (1950–1996), a Polish paper conservator and teacher of conservation, who lived and worked in Paris for the Central Laboratory of the Service de Restauration des Musées de France, based at Versailles. She was an inspiration to me in the pursuit of the study of pastels, and, more importantly, she was a friend. This paper looks at the emergence and development of pastel as a recognized artists' technique in its own right in the second part of the Eighteenth Century. The novelty of these pastels was their softness, which offered artists a swifter and more economical medium to obtain the painterly effects previously limited to oil painting. New extenders and binding media were employed in pastel production, and the growing demand for high-quality soft sticks was undoubtedly responsible for the broad range of artists' materials which was soon advocated in contemporary painting manuals. The trade in pastels responded quickly to the demands of artists who were competing to satisfy the popular demand for private portraiture. The particular predilection for pastel at this period is only explained by the favourable aesthetic context of rococo painting. The colours which were popular in textiles, interior decoration, and art were bright and lively, and white and ‘pastel’ hues were particularly fashionable. The finish then in vogue was matt and opaque, and the texture of pastels was ideal to depict the notorious eighteenth-century cosmetic make-up. In its heyday, the status of pastel paintings seems to have matched that of oils, and one finds that oils strove to achieve effects which were natural to pastels.

Clinical aspects of Kaposi's sarcoma.

Kaposi's sarcoma is the most common tumor found in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. This opportunistic neoplasm has characteristics of a sexually transmitted disease. Growth factors, cytokines, immune suppression, and interaction with infectious organisms all appear to play a role in the pathogenesis of this enigmatic disorder. The manifestations of Kaposi's sarcoma are protean, and lesions may appear at any time in the course of human immunodeficiency virus disease, remain localized and asymptomatic, or spread aggressively and cause morbidity. Treatment, which must be individualized, ranges from observation, local therapy with cosmetic makeup, and cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen or local intralesional injection of agents, to radiotherapy and systemic therapy with interferon-alpha and cytotoxic chemotherapy.