Corruption In Local Government Research Articles

The effects of the perception of corruption on public trust in government in Africa: a comparative analysis

ABSTRACT This study examines the effects of corruption on public trust in government in Africa at various levels and explores variations across stable and fragile states. This study uses Afrobarometer data collected from households in 2019 to understand whether this link exists. Using ordered logit analysis and marginal effects, the study reveals that corruption significantly diminishes trust in government. High levels of corruption in the presidency, parliament, and local government are all associated with declining levels of trust. This corruption extends to judges, magistrate courts, religious, and traditional leaders suspected of corruption, who are expected to uphold ethical standards. Corruption in the office of the president reduces trust in the president, parliament, and local governments, while corruption in parliament decreases trust in parliament and local governments. Local government corruption impacts trust at the local level. Despite a high level of corruption in stable states, corruption in the local government is not responsive to public trust. The sensitivity of corruption to trust in the government is more pronounced in fragile states than in stable states. This study illustrates the pressing need to combat corruption and rebuild trust in governments. The findings highlight the need for context-specific anti-corruption strategies and policy interventions.

Chinese aid and corruption in African local governments

AbstractDoes foreign aid reshape citizen views on governments? How does Chinese aid relate to corruption perception in African local governments? Studying 33 African countries from 2000 to 2014 (175 590 respondents), Chinese aid heightens perceived corruption in local councillors and officials. Corruption scandals likely contribute to negative views of both China and local governance. Control variables like World Bank aid and Confucius Institutes disprove alternate theories. Heterogeneous effects demonstrate that China's aid is unwelcome among low‐skilled individuals who feel threatened by its expansion, magnifying corruption perception. This suggests that Chinese aid's unfavourable image fosters scepticism among African citizens and undermines collaborating local governments.

Framework to understand and address the systemic corruption in local governments

Resumen La corrupción es un fenómeno complejo. Los diagnósticos empleados para justificar medidas anticorrupción usualmente tienden a desestimarla. En línea con el modelo de bote de basura (Cohen, March, & Olsen, 1972), donde las soluciones buscan problemas, en este caso, el problema de corrupción se caracteriza de forma que sea “atendible” con la política en cuestión. Esta situación tiene graves consecuencias. Entre ellas, que la política implementada sea falible. El artículo revisa el fenómeno de la falibilidad de las políticas anticorrupción. Argumentamos que cuando la política anticorrupción se diseña sin tomar en cuenta que el tipo de corrupción que enfrenta es parte de un sistema más amplio de corrupción sistémica, esta tiene altas probabilidades de fracasar. Trazamos nuestro argumento a lo largo de una serie de implicaciones que se desprenden del marco de consolidación de la corrupción (Corruption Consolidation Framework - CCF) (Meza & Pérez-Chiqués, 2021). Apoyados en el CCF derivamos una serie de implicaciones con la intención de reorientar la discusión y futuras líneas de investigación en torno a entender y atender el fenómeno de la corrupción sistémica.

Estrutura para entender e abordar a corrupção sistêmica nos governos locais

Abstract The diagnoses made to justify anticorruption measures tend to minimize the complexity of the phenomenon of corruption. In line with the garbage can model (Cohen, March, & Olsen, 1972), where solutions look for problems, the corruption problem is characterized as something “addressable” by the anticorruption policy, which brings serious consequences, such as the implementation of a fallible policy. The article reviews the phenomenon of the fallibility of anticorruption policies. We argue that anticorruption policies are likely to fail when they are designed without recognizing that the type of corruption faced is embedded in a wider scheme of systemic corruption. We trace our argument along a series of implications that emerge from the Corruption Consolidation Framework (CCF) (Meza & Pérez-Chiqués, 2021). Supported by the CCF, we derive a series of implications to reorient the discussion and future lines of research around understanding and addressing the phenomenon of systemic corruption.

Internal Control Weakness and Corruption: Empirical Evidence from Indonesian Local Governments

Purpose: Corruption still becomes a serious problem in Indonesia in the decentralization era. This paper aims at providing a comprehensive empirical examination regarding the effect of internal control system weaknesses on corruption in Indonesian local governments (LGs). Theoretical framework: By drawing the concept from the fraud theories and agency theory, the study explores the internal control weaknesses as corruption determinants in LGs. Design/methodology/approach: We use secondary data from the related regulating bodies in Indonesia during 2010-2018 fiscal period from 508 LGs with total of 4530 observations, analyzed with panel data regression. Findings: Our findings suggest that the corruption in Indonesian LGs has not experienced significant decrease during the observation period. The internal control system implementation also still has significant weaknesses that has not improved from 2010-2018. Our analysis demonstrates that internal control weakness positively affects corruption. Further analysis also reveals that all internal control weakness element also has positive effect on corruption, both the weaknesses in the budget, revenue, and expenditure administration, the weaknesses in accounting and financial reporting, and the structure weaknesses. Research, Practical & Social implications: Based on the research findings, our study emphasizes that the internal control system implementation in Indonesian LGs needs urgent improvement to support the prevention of corruption in local level. The policymakers are required to take strategic efforts for internal control system reform in the LGs to reduce the likelihood of corruption by irresponsible local authorities. Originality/value: The study fills the limitation in Indonesian corruption literature by providing one of the earliest empirical investigation that comprehensive covers the whole Indonesian regions.

Does local government corruption inhibit entrepreneurship?

The dominant ‘sand in the wheels’ view holds that entrepreneurship is strongly inhibited by corruption. Challenging this, the ‘grease the wheels’ view maintains that corruption might increase entrepreneurship in highly regulated economies. We extend the basic predictions of these theories by examining entrepreneurs’ start-up decisions, as well as their location choices, in a seemingly low-corruption environment: Swedish municipalities. Combining a validated index of corruption perceptions in local government with population data on new entrepreneurs, nested logit models reveal that even in a low-corruption setting such as Sweden, perceptions of corruption can deter latent entrepreneurs. We also find that a minority of entrepreneurs relocate from their home municipalities to establish their start-ups elsewhere. Surprisingly and contrary to expectations, these relocating entrepreneurs often relocate from relatively low-corruption municipalities to others that are more corrupt. Implications for future research and public policy are discussed.

Corruptive Factors in Local Government (Case of St. Petersburg)

In the new history of present states, one of the main risks to the socio-economic development of society is corruption. The fight against it is based on the development of normative and legal acts, prevention and prevention, information and investigative activities, and is expressed in the form of deterrence and counteraction.The fundamental regulatory framework is the “United Nations Convention against Corruption” (adopted in New York on October 31, 2003 by Resolution 58/4 at the 51st plenary session of the 58th UN General Assembly), the Federal Law “On Countering Corruption” of 12/25/2008 N 273-FL. At the same time, to date, combating corruption in local government is regulated superficially and is formal in character. Due to the actual closed nature of the activities and peculiarities of the functioning of local government, the issues of corruption are not fully studied in order to provide effective prevention and counteraction.The possibility of a detailed study of corruptionogenic factors of local government and the development of methods of counteraction became possible after the elections of 2019, after which non-systemic municipal deputies were elected to the representative bodies of local government. Exercising the powers in the representative body of local government, municipal deputies independent from the territorial executive bodies of state power were able to study the specifics of the functioning of local government, make public the issues of the problem field, identify vulnerable places in the activities, take response measures and make appropriate practical conclusions.The purpose of this article is to establish the causes of the emergence of corruption in local government on the example of a separate municipality of the MO Svetlanovskoye of St. Petersburg. Study of the causes of the emergence of corruptionogenic factors, search and proposal of possible ways to address the issue of effective counteraction to corruption in local government in the new conditions of life of modern society.On the basis of the study the authors declare the need to take specific measures of response of the public authorities of the subject of the Russian Federation and the representative body of local government, aimed at creating certain conditions for effective counteraction and prevention of corruption, minimizing the consequences of corruptogenic factors in the modern conditions of democratic functioning of local government.

Https://journals.scholarpublishing.org/index.php/ASSRJ/article/view/14030

The study examined the effect of corruption on service delivery in local governments, a case study of health service delivery in Magwi County-Eastern Equatoria State of South Sudan. Specifically, study examined the level of corruption in health service delivery Magwi County-Eastern Equatoria State of South Sudan; assessed the quality of health service delivery in Magwi County-Eastern Equatoria State of South Sudan; and established the effect of corruption on health service delivery in Magwi County-Eastern Equatoria State of South Sudan. The study used descriptive research design. The study population was 75 where a sample of 63 respondents was selected using simple random and purposive sampling techniques. The study used both self-administered questionnaire and interview guide. Findings revealed that, it is a common practice in public facilities to first cash in individual healthcare providers to receive treatment, money intended for healthcare services is embezzled, there is high rates of favoritism where family members, relatives and friends receive the treatment first before others, people pay bribes to receive treatment in public health facilities, and healthcare providers sell public drugs to individual drug shops. It is concluded that corruption is the reason why public investment in health coupled with high rates of private spending has not translated into good health outcomes. The study recommends an establishment of an independent system to supervise delivery of services as this will help reduce corrupt tendencies. Furthermore, GoSS should develop a political will to fight and reduce corruption in Local government and all sphere of public institutions.

Factors influencing political corruption. An empirical research study of regional governments

International organisations assert that political corruption is a major global problem. However, it is still unclear how to combat corruption. Previous research has studied corruption in central or local governments, rarely in regional ones. In this paper, we aim to identify factors influencing political corruption in regional governments. Using panel data, we analyse the statistical association between 29 economic, financial, political and socioeconomic variables and the corruption perceived by citizens, from January 2006 to September 2019. The results reveal that perceived political corruption is affected by government spending and ideological distance, among other factors. We propose several measures to reduce political corruption. Points for practitioners The study has found that political corruption needs to be combatted through different measures for each administrative level. Our results support the idea that the following variables influence the perceived level of corruption within the regional governments: the volume of government borrowing, the ideological distance between the voter and the government, the percentage electoral participation and the volume of dependent and immigrant population of the region. Likewise, we also confirm that regional governments with higher values on the Quality of Government Index are perceived as less corrupt.

Role of Information Technology to Control Corruption on Local Government in Nepal

Information Technology is very powerful tool to reduce corruption, increase the transparency & accountability and develop the nation in today's world. This study describes the role of IT in local government for accountability, transparency & corruption control. Improvement of delivery service mechanism, open government, administrative reform, law enforcement and social capital through information technology can provide accountability, efficiency, transparency to the public. This study is focused on local governments of Nepal. Corruption, lack of transparency, accountability & efficiency are the main problem for development of local society in local governments. To reduce these types of problem IT can play vital role. The main aim of this study is to explore the current status of information technology and its use in local governments. The researcher has applied field survey, direct interview and observation method to collect primary data from employees, public and elected representative body of local governments for currents status and utilization of IT. The researcher has analyzed current status of IT and its utilization by their employees, public & elected representative for different activities in local governments then concludes impacts of it on transparency, accountability & control corruption in local governments.
 Overall proper implementation of Information Technology played vital role to increase the accountability, transparency and efficiency of work by delivering quick service and other activities in local governments and reduce the corruption & develop the society of local governments.

The Moderating Role of Natural Resources Between Fiscal Decentralization, Government Internal Audit, Law Enforcement and Corruption: Evidence from Indonesian Local Government

This research is a quantitative study which aims to examine the level of corruption in the Indo- nesian local government with its influencing determinants, namely fiscal decentralization, gov- ernment internal audit, and law enforcement and natural resources as moderating variables. The population in this study is the district and city governments in Indonesia. The sample in this study consisted of 81 district governments and 33 city governments based on the purposive sampling method with the criteria of district and city governments having permanent legal force corruption cases in 2019. Testing the hypothesis in this study using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with the SPSS Version 24 program. The results showed that fiscal decentralization had a significant effect on the level of corruption, government internal audit and law enforcement had no significant ef- fect on the level of corruption, natural resources had a significant effect on moderating the effect of fiscal decentralization on the level of corruption. This research was conducted to examine and analyze the factors that can influence the level of corruption in local governments. In addition, with this research, it can be seen how local governments carry out their government affairs and the role of local governments in suppressing the level of corruption.

THE MEANING OF SERVICE DELIVERY PROTEST: A CASE STUDY OF SOUTH AFRICAN LOCAL GOVERNMENT

The purpose of this article is to investigate the causes of service delivery protests in South African local government. The study utilized secondary data for the purposes of data collection. Local government in South Africa has witnessed lots of service delivery protest throughout the country and the cry is for effective and efficient public service delivery to the local communities throughout the country. It is vital to highlight that most of these protests are taking place as a result of corruption and bad management in South African local government. The general population is aware of this since media coverage of comparable incidents in South Africa is often quite public. The majority of South Africans are unemployed and they have to endure insurmountable poverty and deplorable living circumstances. As a consequence, the number of violent demonstrations in South Africa has increased.

KORUPSI MELALUI JUAL BELI JABATAN DI PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM PERSPEKTIF SOSIOLOGI

The sale and purchase of positions as a form of corruption in the selection process for local government positions in Indonesia is a violation of law and public morals. Corruption is a complex social phenomenon that requires an objective study and can be studied from various fields, one of which is sociology. This study aims to explain the sociological perspective on buying and selling positions as a form of corruption in local government. The method of this study is a literature study with seven steps based on the Cornell University model. This study helps to understand corruption through selling and purchasing positions from a sociological perspective. So far, corruption studies have been mostly from a legal and political perspective. Based on the study conducted, there are three theories to explain this reality, namely social exchange theory, rational choice theory, and Weber's theory of bureaucracy. Social exchange theory sees the phenomenon of corruption as a form of the exchange relationship between actors involved in buying and selling positions that tend to be corrupt. The rational choice theory sees the buying and selling of positions and corruption as models of human behavior are the results of the selfish preferences of individuals. Weber's model explains the sale and purchase of positions and corruption as a form of deviation from public officials in the legal-rational system (bureaucracy). Based on the explanations of the three theories, the sociological explanation of corruption through the sale and purchase of positions in local government may contradict the legal and political explanations.Keywords: Corruption, Buying And Selling Positions, Sociology Perspective

Fiscal decentralization and corruption: a case of indonesia

ABSTRACTThis paper aims to explain the relationship between decentralization and corruption in Indonesia. In doing so, this paper employs Indonesian provincial-level data from 2003 to 2018 using a Poisson model with an endogenous covariates model. The estimation result concludes that decentralization is associated with higher corruption incidence. The result remains robust using an alternative measure of decentralization. Indonesian decentralization is designed to authorize a substantial decision to the local government in prioritizing expenditures, but the primary taxing right remains with the central government. The significant power of the local government is associated with a higher incidence of corruption in the local region. Bribery and over-invoicing of public goods/services are the main cases of local government corruption in Indonesia.

Do political power shifts reduce corruption in Korean local governments?

AbstractPrevious studies have discussed the effects of electoral competition on corruption, but only a few explored the effects of political power shifts – the results of electoral competition. To fill the gap, this study tests hypotheses that three types of political power shifts (the shifts of individual local government heads, local government ruling party, and local council majority) reduce the corruption (overall, external, and internal), with a panel data set of 226 Korean local governments. The empirical study shows that only shifts in the local government head reduce internal corruption. The other dependent and independent variables do not have any significant relationships. This can be because of structural matters of Korean local politics such as strong mayor-weak council and the closed local elite networks.

Windfall Federal Grants and Local Government Corruption

While federal grants comprise a significant and increasing revenue source for many local governments, regulators have expressed concerns about the effectiveness of the federal government’s grant management systems. This study investigates and finds that windfall increases in federal grants lead to significantly more public corruption charges. We then explore whether audit monitoring and press transparency mechanisms help ameliorate that relationship. We find that municipalities’ poor quality internal controls exacerbate the effect of windfalls on corruption, but such effect is attenuated when there are increases in the presence of state fraud auditors. As for press transparency, we find that a greater number of newspaper employees and reporters weaken the relationship. Overall, our study contributes the extant literature by exploring accounting-related aspects of local government political corruption.

지방계약의 책임성 제고를 위한 부패 유형과 개선방안 연구

It is necessary to enhance accountability of local government contracts due to the high risk of corruption. In previous studies, local government contracts have been continuously mentioned as one of the major fields of corruption in local governments. However, there are few studies that have specifically reviewed the corruption of local government contracts. Therefore, this study reviewed the corruption types of local government contract and improvement measures through analyzing the audit results of the Board of Audit and Inspection(BAI). As a result of the analysis, corruption in local government contracts occurred most frequently in the preparation stage as a procedure and in the field of construction as the object of the contract. Unfair private contracts were most common corruption types, followed by contract with the unqualified contract partners, improper cost calculation and payment and split contracts of single contracts. Characteristically, local government contract corruption are mainly caused by the actions of local public officials. And favorable treatment due to unfair contracts and contracts according to unfair instructions were also occurring. The lack of expertise of local public officials in charge caused corruption. Poor guidance and supervision of managers was also acting as a cause of corruption. Therefore, in order to prevent corruption in local government contracts, this study suggest necessity strengthening the internal control system, enhancing transparency, clarifying related laws and regulations, educating local public officials in charge and strengthening the roles of internal and external audits.

New public management and corruption: Empirical evidence of local governments in Indonesia

This study is relevant because it examines the determinants of corruption in local governments that have a negative impact on the success of sustainable development. This study aims to examine the effect of New Public Management (NPM), as measured by fiscal decentralization, financial reporting quality and independent audits, on the level of corruption. The sample consisted of 433 local governments in Indonesia based on data from 2011–2017. PLS-SEM was used as a data analysis technique. The results test shows that fiscal decentralization positively affects corruption with a path coefficient of 0.19 and a p-value of 0.004. The quality of financial reporting has a negative effect on the level of corruption with a coefficient of –0.26 and a p-value < 0.001. Hypotheses testing results also show that audit finding positively affects corruption with a coefficient of 0.10 and a p-value < 0.10. On the other hand, follow-up audit results have no significant effect on corruption with a p-value > 0.10. This study concludes that the NPM mechanism in the form of fiscal decentralization positively affects corruption. These results imply that fiscal decentralization needs to be balanced with good governance, among others, by increasing the quality of financial reports and independent audits.

Assessing efficiency of disaster management institutions at local level in the coastal region of Bangladesh

The present study builds the existing scenarios of the Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) through in-depth investigation for further exploration of policy instruments as well as amendment of Standing Orders on Disaster and scopes the disaster risk reduction of the NBS journal. The objectives were to investigate the efficiency and role of local institutions with three (pre, during and post) phases of disaster risk reduction, considering three pillars (social, economic and environmental) of sustainability and to investigate the satisfaction level of local communities over the activities of local institutions round the year. Considering the cyclone and storm surge vulnerabilities, three coastal villages from three different coastal districts of Bangladesh were selected purposively to collect primary data through household questionnaire survey and key informants’ interviews. Besides, secondary data were also collected from various government and non-governmental sources. Both descriptive and inferential statistics are used to analyze data. The findings of this study present diverse institutional efficiency of different study locations at different phases of disasters. At pre-disaster period, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) provide services more efficiently than Union Parisad (UP) and Red Crescent Society (RCS) in the study area. Cyclone Preparedness Program (CPP) volunteers disseminate early warning massages at pre-disaster period more efficiently than any other institutions but most of the people ignore the warning massages and hardly take the decision for seeking refugee to cyclone shelter during disaster. At post-disaster stage, UP and NGOs cannot play appropriate role due to bureaucratic complexities, corruption and nepotism of local government. However, the present study findings expected to provide useful guidelines to the concerned policy maker for ensuring sustainable disaster management in the coastal regions of Bangladesh.

A Study of Maoist affected Jangle Mahal

Jangle Mahal is a barren and rugged land surrounded by hills and forests, sharing border Orissa and Jharkhand in the south- West of West Bengal. After a long period of Naxal Movement, Arms movement started again in West Bengal. In spite of century’s poverty and deprivation of the people in this region, no massive people’s movement has ever developed here since the independence. Even the land movements organized by communists during this period in other parts of the state did not significantly spread to this area. The Naxalist, first MMC group, and the peoples war group and finally after their unity, the CPI (Maoist) party try to organized the people since the 1980,s. the Maoists, no doubt are dedicated and self-sacrificing, working for the uplift and liberation of downtrodden people, though many have serious and reasonable differences with their methods. The Maoists gained the sympathy and support of the people of the jangle on the basis of the burning problems in the area. The simple indigenous people of jangle area had been alienated from the government due to government deprivation, The dominance of the ruling party, corruption in local government and the complexity of government machinery. After 2011 assembly election in west Bengal Trinamul congress (TMC) came into power led by Mamata Banerjee. The mamata’s government has initiated lots of efforts and welfare scheme to jangle mahal for peace and development. Although Mamata’s development agenda has undergone many changes in jangle mahal. But some important local issues still remain.