Corrosion Durability Research Articles

Poly(aniline/aminophenol)-wrapped graphene nanoplates loaded with gabapentin inhibitor as a filler in poly(aniline/vinylalcohol/aminophenol)/acrylic coating to endow corrosion/wear durability by triple protection mechanism

A coating with excellent tribological behavior and corrosion durability was synthesized by chemical/electrochemical method from the composition of polyaniline (PANI), polyaminophenol (PAP), polyvinylalcohol (PVA), and reinforced with PANI/PAP/Gabapentin-functionalized Graphene nanoplates. Acrylic (AC) covered the composite coating as a top layer. According to the evaluations, G@PANI/PAP/GP-reinforced coating has 5 times more corrosion resistance than unreinforced one (on the 1st and 30th days). Not only has the corrosion resistance of PANI/PVA/PAP contained G@PANI/PAP/GP not decreased over time, but it has increased by ∼20 %. The defect density of passive film under (PANI/PVA/PAP)/Acrylic coating containing G@PANI/PAP/GP is 10 times less than that of the (PANI/PVA/PAP)/Acrylic coating. G@PANI/PAP/GP decreased the friction coefficient and wear rate of PANI composite coating over time by ∼47 % and 84 %. Furthermore, the simultaneous presence of graphene and gabapentin has increased the lubrication (Rsk = -0.24 µm) and adhesion (13 %) of the coating. It is how a polyaniline-based composite coating with three mechanisms of passivation, corrosion barrier, and inhibition protects the 304 SS over time.

Design of ZIF-8-based PVB composite coating on AZ31B Mg alloy surface with superhydrophobic, wear, corrosion protection and durability

Magnesium (Mg) alloys are susceptible to being attacked by corrosive ions in practical application environments, which limits their widespread application as the most promising engineering material. Herein, the superhydrophobic composite coating PVB/STA/ZIF-8@SiO2 (PSZS) has been designed on the surface of Mg alloy by using a drop coating method to improve its corrosion resistance. In this study, we provide an approachable decoration strategy for hydrophobic and hierarchical modification of zeolite imidazolate frameworks (ZIF-8) with stearic acid (STA) and SiO2, and combined with polyvinyl butyral (PVB) to form a composite coating with excellent performance on the substrate surface. Notably, the PSZS composite coating exhibited superhydrophobic and the contact angle is greater than 150° after 300 cm of mechanical friction. The electrochemical testing of the PSZS composite coating indicated that it greatly protected the Mg alloys from corrosion. Moreover, the PSZS coating displayed highly effective corrosion resistance even after being immersed in 3.5 wt% NaCl aqueous solution for 7 days. Overall, the PSZS composite coating with the advantages of corrosion resistance, corrosion durability, superhydrophobic, abrasion resistance and simple preparation process broadens the horizons of Mg alloy corrosion resistance research.

Evaluation of Corrosion Resistance according to Surface treatment of Installed Ammunition Case(ALDC12)

The Remote Control Munition System is a anti-personnel munitions system to replace land mines that are hard to retrieve and can inflict damage on friendly forces and civilians. As operating environments and methods change, quality improvement is necessary to ensure appropriate durability. Therefore, corrosion resistance evaluation was performed according to the surface treatment of ALDC12, the main assembly material. We conduct the potentiodynamic polarization, cyclic corrosion test to perform analysis on corrosion behavior. Additionally, we try to observe the pitting on the surface through SEM analysis. In conclusion, among the three surface treatments, Anodizing surface treatment is judged to be the most suitable for corrosion durability in a field environment.

Surface modification of mild steel to circumvent challenges in chemical vapour deposition of graphene coating for durable corrosion resistance

Graphene possesses unique combination of characteristics (i.e., inertness, impermeability and toughness) to qualify as ideal coating material for corrosion resistance, and graphene coatings on nickel and copper have been shown to provide excellent and durable corrosion resistances. However, growing graphene directly on mild steel by chemical vapour deposition (CVD), is prohibitively challenging due to high solubility of carbon in mild steel at high temperatures. The non-trivial challenge was circumvented through surface modification of steel by electroplating with Cu and Ni, accounting for the critical consideration, i.e., the inter-diffusivity of iron in nickel or copper. However, the key finding was that the undesirably high thicknesses of the electroplated Cu and Ni layers were detrimental, and optimization of their thicknesses was essential for successful deposition of the required quality graphene. The optimised thicknesses were derived on the basis of the fundamental diffusion calculations. The uniform multi-layered graphene coating on the suitably modified mild steel surface provided remarkable corrosion resistance in an aqueous chloride solution, and electrochemically validation of the corrosion durability for extended exposure (>1000 h) was characterised.

Synergistic effect of V and Ag diffusion favored the temperature-adaptive tribological behavior of VAlN/Ag multi-layer coating

Surface coating technology offers several benefits (excellent wear resistance, low coefficient of friction-COF, better corrosion durability etc.) for key components used in harsh aero-engines. However, the development of temperature-adaptive lubricant coating is still the crucial issue. In this study, VAlN/Ag multi-layer coatings with various thickness ratios were fabricated by a hybrid deposition system composing of DCMS and HiPIMS techniques. Results showed that all coatings presented Ag layers with growth twins, and fcc-VAlN layers with columnar structure. Increasing the temperature from 25 to 650 ℃ led to a decrease of COF from 0.47 to 0.22 in coatings, where the lowest COF and wear rate was particularly achieved at 0.08 and 4.3 × 10−5 mm3N−1m−1 under higher rotation speed, respectively. Based on the microstructural characterizations on wear track of coating and wear scar of counter ball, the synergistic diffusion of V and Ag elements at elevating temperature stimulated the in-situ formation of distinctive Al2O3/AgVO3-Ag3VO4/Ag microstructure, which encompass lubricant phases for lower COF and high wear resistance. The reason behind of this phenomena could be attributed to the easily broken of Ag-O bonds in lamellar silver vanadium oxides at high temperature, accompanying the remarkable lubrication of Ag on top layer.

Monitoring for relative effect of corrosive environmental factor on corrosion rate for steel structural details

It is necessary to examine the corrosion durability of a steel structure based on its local corrosive environmental conditions since its corrosion deterioration could appear locally, depending on the installation environment or structural details. In this study, therefore, test specimens with various structural details were fabricated to evaluate the relationship between the corrosive environmental factors and relative corrosion rates, and outdoor exposure tests were conducted on the distinguishing area with and without airborne chloride. For this, the temperature, relative humidity, corrosion current, time of wetness (TOW), and surface chloride were measured as corrosive environmental factors for the outdoor exposure test site and test specimens, and their relative corrosion rates were also examined using monitoring steel plates (MSP) as their mean corrosion depths. From the outdoor exposure test results, their mean corrosion depths exposed to the same environment were shown to be affected by their angles of the structural details. The relative mean corrosion depth varying due to the structural details was shown to be affected by the TOW and surface chloride.

How does the pore solution chemistry influence the passivation of reinforced alkali‐ and salt‐activated slag materials?

AbstractService life predictions of reinforced concrete structures are underpinned by the passivation film chemistry, structure, and thickness. In this work, we present how the formation of passive films at the steel–concrete interface of reinforced alkali‐ and salt‐activated slag materials can be affected by the pore solution chemistry, namely, pH, Eh, and chemical composition. Thermodynamic simulations are used to illustrate the time‐dependent changes to the pore solution chemistry, where estimated electrical conductivities of the pore solution are used as a single‐value parameter to understand the solution complexity and capacity for charge transfer. A set of passivation reactions are proposed to understand the effects of OH− and HS− (reduced sulfur species) competition on the passivation pathways. These passivation reactions become more complex considering that a reducing pore solution might not establish until 3 days into the curing process—a crucial factor explaining the significant differences in the phase composition of passive films of activated slag materials (FeOOH, FeS). This study sheds light on recent progress in understanding these initial passivation reactions, emphasizing the essential role of material design and, therefore, the pore solution chemistry of these cements, along with significant insights for vital research and development concerning the corrosion durability of activated slag materials.

Review on Geopolymers as Wellbore Sealants: State of the Art Optimization for CO2 Exposure and Perspectives.

Wellbores used in underground production and storage activities, including carbon capture and storage (CCS), are typically sealed using sealants based on Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). However, leakage along these seals or through them during CCS operations can pose a significant threat to long-term storage integrity. In this review paper, we explore the potential of geopolymer (GP) systems as alternative sealants in wells exposed to CO2 during CCS. First, we discuss how key parameters control the mechanical properties, permeability, and chemical durability of GPs based on different starting materials as well as their optimum values. These parameters include the chemical and mineralogical composition, particle size, and particle shape of the precursor materials; the composition of the hardener; the chemistry of the full system (particularly the Si/Al, Si/(Na+K), Si/Ca, Si/Mg, and Si/Fe ratios); the water content of the mix; and the conditions under which curing occurs. Next, we review existing knowledge on the use of GPs as wellbore sealants to identify key knowledge gaps and challenges and the research needed to address these challenges. Our review shows the great potential of GPs as alternative wellbore sealant materials in CCS (as well as other applications) due to their high corrosion durability, low matrix permeability, and good mechanical properties. However, important challenges are identified that require further research, such as mix optimization, taking into account curing and exposure conditions and available starting materials; the development of optimalization workflows, along with building larger data sets on how the identified parameters affect GP properties, can streamline this optimization for future applications.

Characterisation of stress corrosion durability and time-dependent performance of cable bolts in underground mine environments

Premature failures of cable bolt caused by stress corrosion cracking (SCC) has been more and more often observed with the increasing depth of underground mines. Investigating and predicting this failure are critical in maintaining and accessing the integrity of the reinforcement system. In this study, with application of the designed SCC-AE testing system, the SCC failure processes of cold-drawn cable bolts used in underground reinforcement system was investigated using the acoustic emission (AE) techniques in simulated underground conditions. Damage evolution of the specimens was monitored with AE in real-time. The scanning electron microscopy was adopted to examine the fractographic features of the failed specimen. Through the integrated analysis of specimens’ elongation, the evolution of acoustic activities and fractographic features, three different stages during SCC failure processes were determined including cracks initiation due to the local corrosion, cracks propagation characterised as tear ridges appearance and fast fracture failure evidenced by the shear lips. The parameters of elongations, AE signals in each failure stage were investigated and the SCC propagation rates were determined. As a result, this study confirms the AE technique in combination with the designed testing system can give important insights into the SCC failure as well as the possibilities of real-time SCC monitoring in underground reinforcement systems.

A robust anticorrosive coating derived from superhydrophobic, superoleophobic, and antibacterial SiO2@POS/N+ composite materials

Traditional coatings are easily susceptible by the contamination of organic pollutants and parasitism of bacterium, resulting in severe corrosion damage to the protected substrates. The coating with superhydrophobic, superoleophobic and antibacterial properties would not only spontaneously form an air layer when it is immersed into corrosive medium and effectively obstruct corrosive medium to devastate metal matrix, but also be beneficial to improve the coating's anti-fouling performance along with its antibacterial functionality. However, traditional anticorrosive methods are problematic with low anticorrosion efficiency and single function. Herein, a robust anticorrosive coating stemmed from superhydrophobic, superoleophobic, and antibacterial SiO2 @POS/N+5 composite was prepared by sol-gel and spray method, with water contact angle and water sliding angle up to 160.8 ± 3.1° and 3.0° and oil contact angle and oil sliding angle up to 152.5 ± 3.0° and 3.0° were achieved, respectively. The SiO2@POS/N+5 coating has excellent protection performance (99.98 %), mechanical properties and corrosion durability (21 d). Notably, the SiO2@POS/N+5 composite material has excellent antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (100 %) as well. The superamphiphobic coating proposed in this study affords a feasible strategy for bacterial contamination of metal surfaces in marine industries.

Evolutionary characteristics of microstructural hydration and chloride diffusion in UHPC

This paper presents the evolutionary characteristics of microstructural hydration and chloride migration in ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). The physicochemical interactions of constituents are simulated in conjunction with a random walk algorithm. When the hydration of cementitious pastes proceeds, accompanied by the evolution of hardening, the quantity of silicates becomes larger alongside irregularly dispersed byproducts (calcium silica hydrate, C-S-H, and calcium hydroxide, CH). Owing to the formation of pozzolanic C-S-H consuming CH, the silicate reactions of UHPC are less than the reactions of the ordinary concrete. The implications of tricalcium silicate (C3S) are notable for the early-age strength gain of UHPC in comparison with its dicalcium silicate (C2S) counterpart. The matured pozzolanic reactions and invariable packing density of UHPC are responsible for preserving the proportion of silica fume in the mixtures. Relative to UHPC, the ordinary concrete releases more heat caused by exothermic reactions that are a function of saturated pores and silica fume with the contribution of C3S. Regarding corrosion durability, the chloride contents of a bridge deck cast with the ordinary concrete exceed the content of a deck with UHPC. As part of technology transfer, the notion of performance-based design applies and practice guidelines are suggested.

The Feasibility of Using Bipolar Electrochemistry to Study Pitting and Crevice Corrosion of Stainless Steels in Cementitious Materials

The durability of carbon steel reinforced concrete infrastructure is often limited by rate of corrosion damage progression. Over the past couple of decades, corrosion-resistant alloys, such as stainless steels (SS), have garnered attention as a potential way to address the durability of reinforced concrete exposed to aggressive marine environments. However, there are currently no models available to accurately forecast corrosion of stainless-steel reinforced infrastructure and durability projections for carbon steel may not consider the necessary mechanistic steps.Traditional corrosion durability projections adopt the classic two stage model considering the time prior to and following corrosion initiation often distinguished by the point in time where enough chlorides have accumulated at the steel surface to exceed the chloride concentration required to initiate corrosion.[1] Such models do not consider the evolution of pitting or crevice corrosion and the potential for progression to more widespread corrosion. Therefore, research is required to first identify the expected corrosion damage morphology of stainless steels in concrete and then to formulate a theoretical framework that can be used to describe accurately its progression provided expected exposure conditions. This work attempts to develop an efficient yet informative method to study pitting corrosion evolution of steel in concrete with the objective of identifying the role of the cement pore structure on damage evolution and pit or crevice stability.Recently, bipolar electrochemistry has been used to identify potential-kinetic-corrosion damage mode relationships from single measurements on ferritic [2] and duplex stainless steels.[3] Bi-polar electrochemistry (BPE) comprises indirect dc polarization of a conductive element usually immersed in an electrolyte in cases where direct contact to the elements need to be avoided. In application to pitting corrosion studies, BPE followed by post exposure 3D surface metrology can provide pitting characteristics as a function of applied potential from a single experiment. In this work various BPE configurations including single and split electrodes are used to assess the feasible in applying a suitable potential distribution on steel plate specimens that have a thin cement overlay. A finite element model was developed to simulate the applied potential distribution considering the cell geometry and interfacial kinetics. The corrosion damage morphology and the pitting characteristics obtained will be compared to that of chloride-ponded SS reinforced concrete beams to uncover mechanistic insight on SS corrosion damage evolution. Tuutti, K: Corrosion of steel in concrete. 1982, Stockholm. Swedish Cement and Concrete Research Institute, ISSN 0346-6906. Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm. Department of Building MaterialsZhou, Yiqi, and Dirk Lars Engelberg. "On the application of bipolar electrochemistry to characterise the localised corrosion behaviour of type 420 ferritic stainless steel." Metals10, no. 6 (2020): 794.Zhou, Yiqi, and Dirk Lars Engelberg. "Fast testing of ambient temperature pitting corrosion in type 2205 duplex stainless steel by bipolar electrochemistry experiments." Electrochemistry Communications117 (2020): 106779.

The Effect of the Basalt Fiber on Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Durability in Concrete

The Effect of the Basalt Fiber on Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Durability in Concrete

Analysis of corrosion fatigue steel strength of pump rods for oil wells

Purpose is to perform analysis of corrosion durability (fatigue) of pump rod materials in terms of various chemically active simulation environments, and study influence of economically modified rare-earth impurity on corrosion fatigue strength of pump rod materials. Methods. 40 and 20N2M steel grades have been applied as well as experimental steel (ES). Steel of the conditinal ES grade has been melted within a pilot site of Institute of Electric Welding Named after E.O. Paton of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The steel was alloyed economically by means of a micro impurity of a rare-earth element (REE) being 0.03% of cerium; in addition, it contained comparatively low concentration of sulfur and phosphorus as well as minor concentration of dissolved hydrogen. The following has been used as simulation environments: 1) NACE environment (i.e. 5% NaCl solution which contained 0.5% СН3СООН, and saturated H2S; t = 22 ± 2°C; pH = 3.8-4.0); 2) 3% NaCl solution without hydrogen sulphide. Once every day, the environment was replaced to oxygenate it up to 8-10 mg/l concentration. Findings. Stability against sulfide stress-corrosion cracking (SSCC), hydrogen initiated cracking (HIC), and corrosion fatigue of steel of deep pump rods for oil industry has been studied. It has been defined that the experimental steel, modified economically by means of micro impurities of a REE, meets NACE MR0175-96 standard in terms of chemical composition as well as strength; in turn, 20N2M and 40 steel grades have high resistance neither to SSCC (threshold stresses are < 0.8 s) nor to corrosion fatigue attack; moreover, steel grade 40 has demonstrated low resistance to HIC (CLR > 6% and CTR > 3%). Originality. It has been identified that corrosion fatigue attack results from hydrogen penetration of steel initiating its cracking and hence destruction under the effect of alternating loads accelerated by the action of corrosive environment. Further, surface micro destructions, influenced by micro stresses, transform into large discontinuities and cracks with following macro destructions. Practical implications. It has been proved that high resistance to corrosion cracking can be achieved by means of refining of pump-rod steel of ferrite and perlite type using metallurgical methods, i.e. 0.01-0.03% REE microalloying.

Bioinspired metal-organic framework-based liquid-infused surface (MOF-LIS) with corrosion and biofouling prohibition properties

Corrosion and biofouling are two main deterioration effects for shortening the service life of metal material in marine environment. In this study, targeting corrosion and biofouling of Cu, a bioinspired liquid-infused surface (LIS) coating based on metal organic frameworks (MOFs) is constructed onto Cu by sequential steps, including oxidation, coordination reaction, thiol modification and infusion process. The microstructure, chemical composition and wettability of the coating are uncovered through different characterization techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, electron diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and so forth. Corrosion durability test results show that MOF-LIS performs high corrosion inhibition to underneath Cu. As a representative guiding parameter, Rct of MOF-LIS reaches 5.26 × 107 Ω cm2, which is much higher than that of bare Cu (694.6 Ω cm2), illustrating a corrosion inhibition efficiency up to 99.999% for Cu metal. Using diatoms as the probe organisms, after being immersed in seawater for 8 d, the attaching diatoms density on MOF-LIS (7.33 × 104 cells/cm2) is much less than bare Cu surface (3.95 × 108 cells/cm2), illustrating the high biofouling inhibition efficiency. Therefore, the versatile properties enable MOF-LIS as a coating having potential usage for anti-corrosion and anti-biofouling in the marine environment.

Effect of Magnetic Field on Corrosion Behaviors of Gold-Coated Titanium as Cathode Plates for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Effects of the self-induced magnetic fields generated by the operating current of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) on metal bipolar plates (BPPs) have hardly been noticed while cannot be ignored. Therefore, corrosion behaviors and surface conductivity of gold-coated titanium (Ti/Au) and bare titanium in simulated PEMFC cathode environment under magnetic fields were evaluated by electrochemical tests and interfacial contact resistance measurements. The results indicated a considerable decrease in corrosion current and interfacial contact resistance of as-received Ti/Au, reaching 1/16 and 1/10 of those of bare titanium, respectively. The applied magnetic field also led to a sharp decline in corrosion current of bare titanium but slight increase for Ti/Au. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy results suggested that magnetic field significantly facilitated the corrosion durability of titanium and ameliorating the induced pitting due to coating defects on Ti/Au. Compared to results obtained without MF, interfacial contact resistance of titanium after 24 h potentiostatic polarization under MF further increased by 24%, while a decrease by 8% was recorded for Ti/Au. In sum, effects of self-induced magnetic fields on the corrosion of metal BPPs is significant and these results revised for taking magnetic fields effects in account could be more accurate and realistic.

Electrospun Nanofiber Electrodes for Boosted Performance and Durability at Lower Humidity Operation of PEM Fuel Cells

The need for the development of new materials and strategies to enhance the performance of the PEM fuel cell at low humidity and platinum (Pt) loadings is becoming increasingly crucial. Due to this fact, the current study presents the fabrication of electrospun sulfonated silica (S-SiO2) as a poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE))-based, flexible, freestanding, and highly porous novel cathode structure for PEM fuel cells. The developed fiber-based P(VDF-TrFE)/Pt/C/S-SiO2 cathodes are compared with electrospun PVDF/Pt/C/S-SiO2, PVDF/Pt/C/Nafion, and conventionally sprayed electrodes to evaluate the utility of a new (carrier) P(VDF-TrFE) polymer in electrode structure. Morphological analyses revealed that S-SiO2 and Pt/C particles were homogeneously distributed along the fibers without any significant agglomerations. The MEAs prepared by fiber-based P(VDF-TrFE)-Pt/C/S-SiO2 cathodes with low Pt loadings (0.1–0.15 mg cmPt–2) demonstrated promising fuel cell performance recording up to 417.7 mW cm–2. It also exhibited a remarkable power output retention (98.2%) under partially humidified conditions. In situ electrochemical measurements reveal that enhanced particle distribution and Pt/S-SiO2 surface contact results in the cathode performance surpassing that of conventional sprayed and fiber-based PVDF/Pt/C/Nafion cathodes. The fiber-based P(VDF-TrFE)/Pt/C/S-SiO2 cathodes exhibited a promising durability record retaining up to 86.5% of their maximum power output after 30 000 cycles of a Pt-dissolution accelerated stress test (AST). Furthermore, P(VDF-TrFE)-Pt/C/S-SiO2 cathodes with high S-SiO2 loadings exhibited a 2.7% gain in maximum power density after 1000 cycles of a carbon corrosion durability test.

Heteroatom Modification Enhances Corrosion Durability in High-Mechanical-Performance Graphene-Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites.

The antagonism between strength and corrosion resistance in graphene‐reinforced aluminum matrix composites is an inherent challenge to designing reliable structural components. Heteroatom microstructural modification is highly appreciated to conquer the obstacle. Here, a bottom‐up strategy to exploit the heterogeneous phase interface to enable high corrosion durability is proposed. Deformation‐driven metallurgy derived from severe plastic deformation is developed to produce Mg‐alloyed fluorinated graphene structures with homogeneous dispersion. These structures allow for absorbing corrosion products, forming a dense protective layer against corrosion, and local micro‐tuning of the suppression of charge transfer. This results in superior corrosion resistance with an outstanding strength‐ductility balance of the composites via ultrafine‐grained and precipitation strengthening. The anti‐corrosion polarization resistance remains 89% of the initial state after 2‐month immersion in chloride‐containing environment, while the ultra‐tensile strength and elongation of 532 ± 39 MPa and 17.3 ± 1.2% are obtained. The economical strategy of heteroatom modification broadens the horizon for anti‐corrosion engineering in aluminum matrix composites, which is critical for the design of carbonaceous nanomaterial‐reinforced composites to realize desired performances for practical applications.

Study on Corrosion Resistance and Conductivity of TiMoN Coatings with Different Mo Contents under Simulated PEMFC Cathode Environment.

TiMoN coatings with different Mo contents on a SS316L substrate are deposited by using closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering ion plating (CFUMSIP) technology to enhance the corrosion resistance and durability of stainless steel (SS) bipolar plates (BPs) in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) during the start-up/shut-down process. The electrochemical test results illustrate that TiMoN-4A coating has extremely good corrosion resistance compared to other coatings. The potentiostat polarization (+0.6 VSCE) tests indicate that the corrosion current density (Icorr) of TiMoN-4A coating is 5.22 × 10−7A cm−2, which meets the department of energy 2020 targets (DOE, ≤1 × 10−6 A cm−2). Otherwise, TiMoN-4A coating also exhibits the best corrosion resistance and stability in potentiostatic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and high potential (+1.2VSCE) polarization tests. The interfacial contact resistance (ICR) measurement results show that TiMoN-4A coating has the minimum ICR of 9.19 mΩ·cm2, which meets the DOE 2020 targets (≤10 mΩ·cm2).

Long-Term Static and Dynamic Corrosion Stability of Nonwetting Surfaces.

Superhydrophobic surfaces (SHSs) and lubricant-infused surfaces (LISs) are two classes of nonwetting surfaces that have drawn attention due to their advanced functional properties including corrosion inhibition. Yet there is a conspicuous lack of corrosion study of SHSs and LISs with respect to their fabrication and material parameters, especially at high temperatures and under dynamic flow conditions over long durations, which is sought to be addressed in this article. Considering copper SHSs and LISs, a full factorial combinatorial study of two facile texturing processes, electrodeposition and etching, two different functionalization agents, stearic acid and mercaptan, and two types of infused lubricants, Krytox 104 and DOWSIL 510, is presented, encompassing over 650 measurements on 90 tested surfaces. All fabricated surfaces demonstrated water repellency with a contact angle above 150° and a sliding angle below 7°. For the first time, the study examines high-temperature corrosion stability and long-term corrosion durability of the nonwetting surfaces in both static fluid and dynamic turbulent flow conditions over a period of 30 days. LISs and SHSs are shown to provide excellent corrosion inhibition over all tested corrosion conditions, with negligible presence of corrosion species on the surfaces and no deterioration of the texturing. The surfaces are also shown to rejuvenate easily to the initial wettability and corrosion resistance values. This study provides valuable insights into the selection of materials and processing parameters for the fabrication of nonwetting surfaces for the application of interest.