Correction Index Research Articles

ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛИЗАЦИЯ ПРОЦЕССОВ КОНТРОЛЯ И УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ЭЛЕКТРОКОНТАКТНЫМ НАГРЕВОМ ПРИ ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИИ ДЕТАЛЕЙ ТИПА ДИСК

We have obtained a modified function of transforming intelligent sensor of contact surface temperature (IS CST) of electric contact “forming the electrode-part” and having a significant influence on quality of restoring the cutting edge of discs of tillage machinery which may only slightly exceed recrystallization temperature of the material of the part. Setting the sensor to restore a specific part is achieved by developing and programming on the microcontroller the function of converting and storing the intelligent system of standard parameters in the non-volatile memory. The re-search goal is to clarify the function of transforming IS CST and to substantiate the opportunity of its application for solution of the set task of control and monitoring. We have provided a schematic diagram of a plant for electrocontact restoration of the cutting capacity of disk tillage tools. The entire restoration process is divided into two stages: static one (without rotating the part) with duration of 1-2 seconds when temperature is monitored in the dynamic mode; and dynamic one, with the set rotation speed of the disc. As a physical analogue of the process, we have considered an “electrode-part” flat contact with a center-located thin com-pound bar thermally insulated at the ends and on the side surface. In addition, a numerical experiment is used to show that introduction to the original polynomial transfor-mation function with three correction indexes enables to reduce the methodological error of measurementsof the contact surface temperature to 0.5°C in the time interval from 1.2 seconds to 1.9 seconds (the electrode material is electro-ceramics).

Prediction of conotoxin type based on long short-term memory network.

Aiming at the problems of the wet experiment method in identifying the types of conotoxins, such as the complexity, low efficiency and high cost, this study proposes a method that uses the sequence information of the conotoxin peptides combined with long short term memory networks (LSTM) models to predict the Methods of spirotoxin category. This method only needs to take the conotoxin peptide sequence as input, and adopts the character embedding method in text processing to automatically map the sequence to the feature vector representation, and the model extracts features for training and prediction. Experimental results show that the correct index of this method on the test set reaches 0.80, and the AUC value reaches 0.817. For the same test set, the AUC value of the KNN algorithm is 0.641, and the AUC value of the method proposed in this paper is 0.817, indicating that this method can effectively assist in identifying the type of conotoxin.

A Saturated Light Correction Method for DMSP-OLS Nighttime Stable Light Data by Remote and Social Sensing Data

The defense meteorological satellite program- operational line-scan system nighttime stable light (NTL) data have been widely used to evaluate the intensity of human activities. However, the sensor's defects lead to the saturation phenomenon, which greatly limits the reliability of the research results based on NTL data. Thus, this article has attempted to propose a new spectral index—the points of interest, road network and EVI adjusted NTL index (PREANTLI) to effectively correct saturated pixels. To evaluate the desaturation effect, the PREANTLI was compared with existing saturation correction data across three aspects: the capacity to display differences in light intensities; the similarity with National Polar-orbiting Partnership/Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (NPP/VIIRS) data; and the capacity to estimate the gross domestic product (GDP) and electric power consumption (EPC). The results showed that the PREANTLI can more easily identify light intensity differences than other indexes. The PREANTLI presents a strong linear correlation with the NPP/VIIRS data and socioeconomic statistics (GDP and EPC) at provincial and municipal scales. It is worth noting that, on the pixel scale, the correlation between PREANTLI and NPP/VIIRS ( R 2 = 0.63) is far higher than that of the other two existing saturation correction index whose R2 are both below 0.45. Thus, the PREANTLI can be considered as a reasonable index that is not only easy to calculate but can also better alleviate light intensity saturation and emphasize light differences within a city than other indexes.

Preliminary Clinical Study of a LenSx Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Limbal Relaxing Incision for the Correction of High Myopia with Low to Moderate Astigmatism in Posterior Implantable Collamer Lens Implantation

Purpose. To evaluate the safety, efficacy, and predictability of implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation combined with a LenSx femtosecond laser-assisted limbal relaxing incision (LRI) for the correction of corneal astigmatism. Methods. This prospective study enrolled 64 eyes (54 patients) with high myopia with low to moderate regular corneal astigmatism. They were divided into an ICL group with ICL implantation (18 patients, 20 eyes), a TICL group with toric ICL implantation (17 patients, 23 eyes), and a LenSx + ICL group with a LenSx femtosecond laser-assisted LRI and an ICL implantation (19 patients, 21 eyes). Visual acuity, astigmatism correction ability, and visual quality were measured before and 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. Results. The postoperative visual acuity of the 3 groups was higher than the preoperative visual acuity ( P < 0.01 ), and the improvements in the LenSx + ICL group and the TICL group were greater than those in the ICL group ( P < 0.01 ). The LenSx + ICL and TICL groups had less residual astigmatism and a higher astigmatism correction index (CI) than the ICL group ( P < 0.01 ). There was no significant difference among the three groups in total high-order aberrations (HOAs) before and after surgery ( P > 0.05 ). Conclusion. LenSx femtosecond laser-assisted LRI can effectively correct low to moderate corneal astigmatism during ICL implantation surgery. It can achieve similar clinical effects in the short term compared with TICL implantation.

Effect of femtosecond laser-assisted steepest-meridian clear corneal incisions on preexisting corneal regular astigmatism at the time of cataract surgery.

To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of femtosecond laser-assisted steepest-meridian clear corneal incisions for correcting preexisting corneal astigmatism performed at the time of cataract surgery. This prospective case series study comprised consecutive age-related cataract patients with corneal regular astigmatism (range: +0.75 to +2.50 D) who had femtosecond laser-assisted steepest-meridian clear corneal incisions (single or paired). Corneal astigmatism was performed with the Pentacam preoperatively and 3mo postoperatively. Total corneal astigmatism and steepest-meridian measured in the 3-mm central zone were used to guide the location, size and number of clear corneal incision. The vector analysis of astigmatic change was performed using the Alpins method. Totally 138 eyes of 138 patients were included. The mean preoperative corneal astigmatism was 1.31±0.41 D, and was significantly reduced to 0.69±0.34 D (equivalent to difference vector) after surgery (P<0.01). The surgically-induced astigmatism was 1.02±0.54 D. The correction index (ratio of target induced astigmatism and surgically-induced astigmatism: 0.72±0.36) as well as the magnitude of error (difference between surgically-induced astigmatism and target induced astigmatism: -0.29±0.51) represented a slight under correction. For angle of error, the arithmetic mean was 1.11±13.70, indicating no significant systematic alignment errors. Femtosecond-assisted steepest-meridian clear corneal incision is a fast, customizable, adjustable, precise, and safe technique for the reduction of low to moderate corneal astigmatism during cataract surgery.

MIFF

Human Mobility Extraction with cellular Signaling Data (SD) is essential for human mobility understanding, epidemic control, and wireless network planning. SD log the detailed interactions between cellphones and cellular towers, but suffer from a spatio-temporal uncertainty problem due to cellular network tower-level load rebalancing (switching users between towers) and cellphone usage activities. To date, most models focus on utilizing better data like RSSI or GPS, do not directly address uncertainty. To address the SD uncertainty issue, we utilize two insights based on (i) individuals' regular mobility patterns and (ii) common co-movement mobility patterns between cellphone users as suggested by fundamental human mobility nature. Accordingly, we design a Multi-Information Fusion Framework (MIFF) to assist in extracting road-level human mobility based on cell-tower level traces. To evaluate the effectiveness of MIFF, we conduct experiments on one-month SD obtained from a cellular service operator, and SD manually collected by handheld mobile devices in two cities in China. Four transportation modes, namely railways, cars, buses, and bikes are evaluated. Experimental results show that with MIFF, our road-level trajectory extraction accuracy can be improved by 5.0% on Point correct matching index and 68.5% on Geographic Error on average.

Queratotomía arcuata transepitelial o intraestromal con láser de femtosegundo para corrección de astigmatismo corneal en el momento de la cirugía de cataratas

PurposeThe aim of this study was to compare the results of intrastromal arcuate incisions (AIs) and transepithelial AIs to treat corneal astigmatism during femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS). MethodsThis retrospective study included 20 patients with corneal astigmatism between 0.70 and 2.00 diopters (D) who underwent FLACS with concurrent intrastromal AIs in one eye and transepithelial AIs in the fellow eye. The main outcomes measures at 2-3months of follow-up were the difference between preoperative and postoperative keratometric corneal cylinder (Kcyl), the correction index (CI) and the percentage of overcorrection. ResultsThe mean difference between preoperative and postoperative Kcyl revealed a mean value of 0.36±0.37D in the transepithelial group and 0.53±0.42D in the intrastromal group (P<.001). The mean CI was 0.83±0.71 in the transepithelial group and 0.68±0.29 in intrastromal group (P=.17). Five eyes (25%) had an astigmatism overcorrection in the transepithelial group and 1eye (5%) in the intrastromal group. ConclusionsBoth intrastromal and transepithelial AIs showed potential for mild to moderate astigmatism correction and appeared to be a safe procedure. Despite transepithelial AIs presented a higher CI, the intrastromal AIs results were more predictable.

Refractive outcomes of high-magnitude astigmatism correction using femtosecond LASIK versus transepithelial PRK.

To compare the outcomes of femtosecond laser assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) with transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (T-PRK) for the correction of high-grade astigmatism. Medical records of patients with astigmatism of 2 diopters (D) or higher, who were treated with FS-LASIK or T-PRK in 2013 through 2014 at a private practice laser clinic, were retrospectively analyzed. Efficacy, safety, predictability and vector analysis of astigmatism correction were compared between the treatment groups. The study included 93 eyes treated with FS-LASIK and 186 eyes treated with T-PRK. No significant differences in postoperative spherical equivalent (-0.10 ± 0.7 D and -0.11 ± 0.7 D, respectively, p = 0.958) and postoperative refractive astigmatism (0.79 ± 0.54 D and 0.82 ± 0.63 D, respectively, p = 0.685) were demonstrated. A significant advantage of FS-LASIK over T-PRK was seen for the efficacy (1.00 ± 0.18 and 0.86 ± 0.22, respectively, p < 0.001) and safety (1.03 ± 0.17 and 0.89 ± 0.21, respectively, p < 0.001) indices. Results remain statistically significant in a multivariate analysis model. Vector analysis for the astigmatism correction showed no significant difference between the surgery methods in the surgically induced astigmatism, difference vector, correction index and index of success. Both procedures demonstrated desirable post-operative SE outcomes for high-grade astigmatism correction. However, FS-LASIK achieved better results than T-PRK in the efficacy and safety parameters.

Efficacy, safety, and predictability of transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy: meta-analysis

To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and predictability of transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (TransPRK) for correcting myopia, astigmatism, and hyperopia. Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany. Meta-analysis of retrospective or prospective studies. Relevant studies were collected from Medline and included when meeting the following predefined criteria: randomized controlled trials, at least 1 of the main outcome measures as efficacy, safety, or predictability, and 1 common TransPRK laser (Schwind Amaris). The parameters estimates and 95% CI were derived from random-effects meta-analysis to account for possible heterogeneity. Because hyperopia studies did not meet the inclusion criteria, the results are centered on myopia and astigmatism. Sixteen studies with a total of 1924 treated eyes were included in the meta-analysis. The mean efficacy, safety, and predictability had a probability of 94% (CI, 0.86-0.97), 0% (CI, 0.00-0.03), and 89% (CI, 0.82-0.93), respectively. The mean correction index, difference vector, and index of success had a value of 1.01 (CI, 1.01-1.02), 0.20 (CI, 0.06-0.34), and 0.12 (CI, 0.07-0.18), respectively. This summary estimate showed that TransPRK was highly effective, safe, and predictable in correcting myopia and/or astigmatism.

Clinical evaluation of toric intraocular lens implantation based on iTrace wavefront keratometric astigmatism

BackgroundCurrently, there is no standard technique for determining corneal astigmatism. The iTrace wavefront aberrometry of cornea calculated steep power and axis based on the best Zernike mathematical fit from all topo data within 4 mm circle. It was supposed to be more accurate than iTrace simulated keratometry which was calculated based on only 4 points on the circle of 3 mm. This aim of this study was to evaluate visual outcomes and rotational stability after toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation using the wavefront aberrometry of the cornea with iTrace.Setting: Single site in China, Shanxi Eye Hospital, Shanxi, China.Design: Prospective case series.MethodsThe study included 85 eyes of 63 patients undergoing phacoemulsification and toric IOL implantation. The IOL power and cylinders were chosen with the help of the iTrace toric planning program using wavefront keratometric astigmatism. Astigmatic changes were assessed using Alpins vector method over a 3-month follow-up period.ResultsPreoperative mean corneal topographic astigmatism was 1.91 diopters (D) ± 0.69 (standard deviation). Postoperative mean refractive astigmatism decreased significantly to 0.48 D ± 0.34. Surgical induced astigmatism was 1.73 D ± 0.77 and the mean correction index was 0.89 ± 0.22, showing a slight undercorrection. The proportion of astigmatism ≤0.50 D increased from 0 to 71.8% postoperatively.ConclusionsThis is the first study on evaluation of clinical outcomes of toric IOL implantation in corneal astigmatism patients using iTrace wavefront keratometric readings. The findings show that use of iTrace built-in toric calculator is safe and effective for planning toric IOL surgery for wavefront keratometric astigmatism.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN94956424, Retrospectively registered (Date of registration: 05 February 2020).

The effect of in vitro digestion, food matrix, and hydrothermal treatment on the potential bioaccessibility of selected phenolic compounds

The effects of in vitro digestion, hydrothermal treatment, and food matrices (wheat flour, durum wheat flour, wholemeal wheat flour, corn flour, rice flour) on the bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds (gallic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, catechin) were investigated. The influence of experimental factors and their combinations was estimated based on the “Dose Correction Index” (DCI) concept. Generally, the applied conditions had a negative effect on the bioaccessibility of polyphenols; however, the effect depended on the type of compound and food matrix, which was reflected in different DCI values. A less unfavorable effect on the bioaccessibility was exerted by the rice flour (the lowest DCI values), but the most negative impact was found in the case of the wholemeal wheat flour. The DCI concept provides basic knowledge of the magnitude of factors affecting the bioaccessibility of polyphenols, which can be useful for designing fortified products with desirable bioactivity.

Network security situation prediction based on combining associated entropy and deep recurrent neural network

AbstractThe existing network security situation prediction algorithm cannot deal with the subjective attitude deviation of multi‐experts, and the traditional sequential machine learning model cannot deal with the problem of deviation accumulation in time period. In this paper, an algorithm of network security situation prediction combining entropy correlation and deep time series network model is proposed. First, the expert fuzzy evaluation index is constructed by trigonometric fuzzy function, and the modified weighted dempster–shafer (DS) evidence reasoning correction index is used, then the loss and possibility matrix features are created, and finally the information security is evaluated by deep time series network. The simulation experiments are carried out on MIT dataset. The experiments analyze whether the features can cope with multi‐expert conflicts, and evaluate the accuracy, robustness, and time efficiency of the algorithm. The experimental results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper has stronger fuzzy evaluation ability, stronger ability to deal with conflict opinions among experts, more accurate prediction of network security situation in time sequence, and higher robustness, but the efficiency of the algorithm has been maintained.

Coronary CTA to Investigate Predictive Value of Left Atrial Appendage for Cardiogenic Stroke in Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation.

Purpose To investigate the predictive value of changes in LAA size and function for cardiogenic stroke (CS) in patients with NVAF by coronary CTA examination. Materials and Method. 179 patients with NVAF were selected and grouped according to the outbreak of acute ischemic stroke and TIA within 2 years after coronary CTA examination. Those who met the criteria for CS were selected as cases (87 patients), and those neither stroke nor TIA as controls (92 patients). LAA size of selected patients was measured and data postprocessing was performed. The differences of baseline data and LAA parameters between groups were analyzed. The impacts of BMI, hyperlipidemia, the duration of AF, the LAAOA Index, and the LAAEF on CS were assessed by binary logistic regression. The predictive abilities of LAAOA Index, LAAEF, and the combined predictor were assessed by ROC curves. Results Proportions of BMI ≥ 25, prevalence of hyperlipidemia, duration of AF, and LAAODmax, LAAODmin, LAAOA, LAAVmax, and LAAVmin with their correction index were greater in cases than controls. The LAAEF was lower in cases than that in controls. The binary logistic regression model showed an increase in LAAOA Index (P = 0.005) and a decrease in LAAEF (P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for CS. ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal cutoff values of LAAOA Index and LAAEF to predict CS were 3.16 cm2/m2 and 38.71%, with AUC value of 0.712 and 0.734, respectively. The LAAOA Index-LAAEF combined predictor (AUC value = 0.786) was likely superior to either LAAOA Index or LAAEF. Conclusions Coronary CTA can provide additional valuable parameters, as a by-product of coronary artery assessment without additional radiation dose, for the risk assessment of CS in patients with NVAF. Coronary CTA may make up for the limitation of single indicator of CHA2DS2-VASc in guiding anticoagulation program, to reduce the incidence of embolism and bleeding events.

Initial Single-Site Experience Using SMILE for the Treatment of Astigmatism in Myopic Eyes and Comparison of Astigmatic Outcomes with Existing Literature.

PurposeTo assess a single site’s initial experience with SMILE for the treatment of myopic astigmatism and compare outcomes and vector analysis results with the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) results and published literature.Patients and MethodsForty-eight eyes (29 patients) with mean preoperative sphere of −5.11 ± 1.31 diopters (D) and cylinder of −1.12 ± 0.60 D underwent SMILE. Visual acuity, refractive, and vector analysis outcomes as well as subjective measures were reported at three and twelve months postoperatively and compared with FDA results and the published literature between 2014 and 2020 involving treatment of patients with mean cylinders of >−0.50 to ≤−3.00 D.ResultsAt three and twelve months, 43 and 32 eyes were evaluated, respectively. At twelve months, mean cylinder power was reduced to −0.38 ± 0.38 D with 78.1% achieving ≤±0.50 D. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) ≥20/20 was achieved in 77.4% of eyes by twelve months with 100% achieving ≥20/30 UDVA. No loss of corrected distance visual acuity was observed in eyes seen at twelve months. Correction index (CI) at twelve months was 0.90 indicating overall undercorrection of 10%. Twelve-month CI was 0.96, 0.90, and 0.83 in eyes with preoperative cylinders of <−1.00 D, ≥−1.00 to <−2.00 D, and ≥−2.00 D, respectively. Mean angle of error was −1.58 ± 11.61° ranging from −24.22° to 37.75°.ConclusionWe found SMILE to be an effective and safe means of achieving spectacle independence and improving visual acuity in patients with myopic astigmatism. SMILE has the potential for improved clinical outcomes with better nomogram guidance and advancements in technique. However, surgeons must be aware of the potential for undercorrection in with-the-rule astigmatism and at higher preoperative cylinders and as well as the potential for overcorrection in against-the-rule and lower preoperative cylinder astigmatism.

Method of the Cyclotorsion Error Compensation for Myopic Astigmatism during SMILE Surgery

Purpose: to develop an effective and safe method of cyclotorsion compensation, to improve the clinical and functional results of the of myopic astigmatism correction with SMILE surgery.Patients and methods: Two equivalent groups of 30 people (30 eyes) were formed with cyclotorsion from ±5 degrees («Standard» and «Verion»). The correction for cyclotorsion was carried out only in the «Verion» group. Before the laser-refraction surgery, all eyes were examined using «Verion» image guided system (Alcon, USA) to determine cyclotorsion. In the «Verion» group, the obtained cyclotorsion data was used to aligement the astigmatism axis by Introducing into the «Visumax» femtolaser system. Further, the operation was carried out according to the standard protocol. At 3 months after SMILE surgery, all patients were examined by a UDVA, CDVA, objective refraction. Furthermore, efficiency and safety, as well as vector analysis of corneal astigmatism according to Alpins were calculated indices at 3 months after surgery.Results: The mean and standard deviation of cyclotorsion of the «Standard» and «Verion» groups was 6.16 ± 1.31 D and 6.30 ± 1.36 degrees, respectively (p &gt; 0.05). The increasement of 1 or more UDVA lines was noted at 20 % and 7 %, respectively after 3 months in the «Standard» and «Verion» groups. The safety index (postoperative UDVA / preoperative UDVA) in both groups was not statistically significantly different (p &gt; 0.05). The predictability of the spherical equivalent within ±0.5 D relative to the target refraction (emmetropia) in the «Standard» and «Verion» groups was 70 % and 100 %, respectively. The predictability of the cylindrical component of refraction within ±0.5 D relative to the target refraction (emmetropia) was 40 % and 90 % for the «Standard» and «Verion» groups, respectively (p &lt; 0.05). Difference vector was 1.01 ± 0.59 D in the group «Standard» and 0.64 ± 0.33 D in the «Verion» group (p &lt; 0.05). Correction index was 0.80 ± 0.43 in the «Standard» group and 0.99 ± 0.04 in the «Verion» group (p &lt; 0.05).Conclusions: Сyclotorsion compensation using the «Verion» image guided system is a safe method. It improves the efficiency and predictability of correction myopic astigmatism in patient undergoing to SMILE surgery. This method recommended for patients with cyclotorsion from ±5 degrees and myopic astigmatism from –0.75 D.

Adaptation Study of Privacy Invasion Scale

Privacy is what one can be in his or her private space without being disturbed by others. Privacy invasion is the unauthorized intervention of other people in the private area of the person. The aim of the study was to assess the reliability and validity of the Turkish adaptation of Privacy Invasion Scale (PIS). A total of 1211 adolescents (621 (51.3%) girls and 590 boys (48.7%) between the ages of 12 and 18 years) participated (M = 14.93, SD = 2.01) in the study. The findings of factor analysis showed that in line with the suggested correction indices, the errors of item 5 and item 2, item 6 and item 4 were associated with each other and it was observed that the new model produced was very well adapted to the data χ2 (8, N = 1211) = 2.583, p &gt; .05, χ2/df = .32, GFI = .99, AGFI = .99, NFI = .99, CFI = 1.00, RMSEA = .00. Internal consistency coefficients of the scale were found as .75 for mothers and .73 for fathers. In the study, depression scale which is subscale of Brief Symptom Inventory was used in order to evaluate the criterion-related validity of the PIS. It was found that the privacy invasion of both mothers and fathers perceived by adolescents was associated with depression. The findings showed that PIS is a valid and reliable scale that can be used to evaluate how adolescents perceive their parents behaviors. Keywords Privacy invasion, adolescence, validity, reliability

The chest wall gender divide: females have better cardiopulmonary function and exercise tolerance despite worse deformity in pectus excavatum

Pectus excavatum (PE) is a chest wall deformity of variable severity and symptomatology. Existing female-specific literature highlights breast asymmetry and cosmetic reconstruction. We sought to evaluate gender differences in cardiopulmonary function. Cardiac MRIs, pulmonary function tests (PFTs), and cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPETs) were reviewed in 345 patients undergoing preoperative evaluation for PE. Regression modeling was used to evaluate associations between gender and clinical endpoints of cardiopulmonary function. Mean age was 15.2years, 19% were female, 98% were white. Pectus indices included median Haller Index (HI) of 4.8, mean depression index (DI) of 0.63, correction index (CI) of 33.6%, and Cardiac Compression Index (CCI) of 2.79. Cardiac assessment revealed decreased right and left ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF, LVEF) in 16% and 22% of patients, respectively. PFTs and CPETs were abnormal in ~ 30% of patients. While females had deeper PE deformities-represented by higher pectus indices-they had superior function with higher RVEF, LVEF Z-scores, FEV1, VO2 max, O2 pulse, work, and breathing reserve (p < 0.05). Despite worse PE deformity and symptomatology, females had a better cardiopulmonary function and exercise tolerance than males. Further research is needed to assess the precise mechanisms of this phenomenon and postoperative outcomes in this population.

Visual and Refractive Outcomes with a New Topography-integrated Wavefront-guided Lasik Procedure

ABSTRACT Purpose To evaluate the clinical outcomes of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) using a new approach for the calculation of the ablation profile based on wavefront vertexing from pupil plane to corneal. Methods One hundred eyes of 50 patients (age, 21–41 years) with low and moderate myopia were enrolled in this prospective case series. All of them underwent topography-integrated wavefront-guided (TI-WFG) LASIK using the STAR S4IR excimer laser platform (Johnson & Johnson Vision). Visual, refractive, ocular aberrometric, ocular scattering index (OSI) and patient satisfaction outcomes were evaluated after a 90-day follow-up period. Astigmatic changes were evaluated by vector analysis. Results A significant reduction in sphere and cylinder (p < .001) was observed, with a significant improvement in uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) (p < .001). Postoperative spherical equivalent was within ±0.50 and ±1.00 D in 91.1% (82/90) and 98.9% (89/90) of eyes, respectively. UDVA was 20/20 or better in 98.9% (89/90) of eyes. A total of 50.0% (45/90) of eyes gained 1 line of CDVA. Mean postoperative astigmatic correction index and angle of error were 1.01 ± 0.56 and 0.17 ± 0.18º. Postoperative high-order aberrometric coefficients were below 0.50 μm in 92.2% (83/90) of eyes. Mean postoperative OSI was 0.71 ± 0.44. All patients referred to be satisfied with the final outcomes and would recommend the procedure to their friends and relatives. Conclusions TI-WFG LASIK is a new approach for myopia and myopic astigmatism correction, with preservation of the ocular optical quality and high level of patient satisfaction associated.

Developing an evaluation method for SCADA-Controlled urban gas infrastructure hierarchical design using multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation

Currently, China's urban gas supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system faces numerous problems, such as weak information system architecture, incomplete information (& communication) infrastructure design, and an uneven development level. A capable comprehensive evaluation method is urgently needed to achieve a hierarchical design of their infrastructure. This study introduces a multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) method using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), coupled with particle swarm optimization (PSO). By combining qualitative and quantitative analysis, an evaluation index system for a multi-dimensional SCADA-controlled urban gas infrastructure hierarchical design is developed based on the scale of operations, regional safety risk, and management situation. The consistency test, correction, and evaluation index weight value of the judgement matrix in AHP are transformed into a nonlinear constrained optimization problem, which is then solved using PSO. Then, combined with the fuzzy mathematical theory, the membership function is used to compute the membership levels of the indicators at all levels. Finally, the multi-dimensional and multi-index fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the hierarchical design of SCADA-controlled gas infrastructure is implemented. The proposed evaluation approach was used to evaluate 20 branches of the Sichuan Chuangang Gas Company. The results show that the method is applicable to the hierarchical design of SCADA-controlled gas infrastructure and can serve as reference for other gas companies in developing SCADA-controlled gas infrastructure.

Duration of contact lens removal before myopic refractive surgery.

To compare refractive surgery outcomes in patients with different periods without contact lenses prior laser surgery. Patients included in this study underwent myopic keratorefractive laser surgery between January 2005 and December 2014. Patients were divided into three groups based on the duration of time passed free of soft contact lens wearing prior to final preoperative evaluation and surgery (<24 h, 1-3 days or >3 days). Spectacle wearers served as a control group. Postoperative safety index, efficacy index and % of eyes within 0.5 D of the four groups were compared. A general linear model was used to compare main outcomes while adjusting for age, gender, preoperative measurements, and procedure type (LASIK vs PRK). Overall, 19,747 eyes were included. Soft contact lenses were worn by 42.3% (<24 h: 4.8%, 1-3 days: 18.5% and >3 days: 19.0%) and spectacles by 57.7% prior to surgery. In the PRK group, after adjusting for differences in baseline variables, the <24-h group had a significantly lower efficacy index than all the other groups. There were no significant differences between groups in terms of % eyes within ±0.5 D of intended correction (p = 0.55) or safety index (0.20). In the LASIK group, after adjusting for differences in baseline variables, there were no significant differences between groups in all primary outcomes. Soft contact lenses should be removed at least 24 h prior to final preoperative evaluation and refractive surgery, especially for patients undergoing PRK.