Correct Fluid Research Articles

Application of Digital Image Enhancement Software with the Macintosh Computer to Questioned Document Problems

Abstract Computerized image enhancement has been demonstrated to be a useful tool in the examination of questioned documents. The program Digital Darkroom™ was used by the author with a Macintosh Plus™ computer, a black and white laser printer, and both handheld and full-size scanners to enhance nearly obliterated writing. Pencil writing which had been erased and then overwritten and writing obscured by typewriter correction fluid are illustrated before and after computerized image enhancement. A photograph of a check printed from microfilm was enhanced by the author, and his results are compared with the efforts of a professional computer image service.

A simple combined technique for the analysis of toners and adhesives

A simple but efficient procedure has been developed for the extraction and analysis of adhesives and toners on questioned documents. From the single extraction of a sample of document equivalent to approximately 1 cm of a printed line, it is possible to record both the infrared spectrum and the pyrogram of the compound of interest. Good sensitivity and reproducibility has been observed for the analysis of toner and adhesive samples and the technique has proved effective in actual casework. The application of the technique to the analysis of adhesive tapes, inks and correction fluids is under investigation.

Myocardial Injury Following the Intentional Inhalation of Typewriter Correction Fluid

The first known case of myocardial injury, as documented by evolutionary electrocardiographic changes and echocardiographic septal wall motion abnormality associated with the voluntary inhalation of typewriter correction fluid, is reported. Typewriter correction fluid, which contains a combination of chlorinated hydrocarbons, is rapidly becoming a substance of abuse. Therefore, primary care practitioners should be alerted to specific organ system damages that may arise from the voluntary inhalation of this substance.

Successful out-of-hospital defibrillation for ventricular fibrillation complicating solvent abuse.

The Authors describe the case history of a child who suffered a cardiac arrest with ventricular fibrillation after deliberate inhalation of 1,1,1-Trichloroethane in typewriter correction fluid thinners. Successful out-of-hospital defibrillation was carried out and the patient made a full recovery. The literature relating to this particular form of volatile substance abuse is reviewed.

Abnormalities encountered in infrared examinations of ball pen writing over correction fluid

A handprinted signature partially written on top of some dried typewriter correction fluid was examined with infrared irradiation on the VSC-1. The ink on top of the correction fluid appeared to continue to be absorbed while the portion of the ink written on the paper became transparent. This apparent differentiation was initially misinterpreted as a phenomenon similar to the Sensi/Cantu observation that under certain conditions the infrared luminosity of the ink line can be different. A complete examination of the entire document lead to the correct interpretation and resolution of this apparent contradiction.

Congenital Heart Disease: A Diagrammatic Atlas

Those of us who meet regularly in pediatric cardiology conferences are familiar with the difficulties of communicating exact anatomy of simple or complex hearts to fellows, colleagues, and our surgical friends. Nomenclature is easily misunderstood when we use terms like "dextroversion," "dextrocardia," or "upstairs/downstairs hearts." Our catheterization colleagues have long given up the "block diagrams" and have often spent excessive time (with better or poorer skill) in drawing an anatomically meaningful diagram for presentation. The<i>Diagrammatic Atlas</i>of Drs Mullins and Mayer attempts to address this difficulty by providing a series of 167 basic diagrams to accurately present "every possible combination and permutation of congenital heart lesions." These diagrams provide easy identification of right vs left ventricular morphology, mitral-aortic continuity, situs, aortic arches, anomalous veins, etc. For a given heart you photocopy the diagram of your choice (facilitated by the ring binder format of the Atlas), use correction fluid and

Characterization and Dating of Correction Fluids on Questioned Documents Using Ftir

ABSTRACTA method is presented for the characterization and dating of correction fluids found on questioned documents. Fourier Transform Infrared (F.T.I.R.) Spectroscopy was utilized to characterize various manufacturers’ products according to their binder/pigment content. Dating can be achieved as manufacturers change their formulations from time to time. A computerized reference library of standard spectra was generated from the samples collected and used as an aid in the identification of the unknown materials encountered. Infrared spectra of the products analyzed and the classification system developed are presented.

Einsatz der kontinuierlichen arteriovenösen Hämofiltration bei diuretikaresistenter Hypervolämie und Elektrolytstörungen

CAVH was carried out in 10 olig/anuric children with diuretic resistant hypervolemia. In addition, three children had hypercalcemia and one child hypernatremia. All but one needed artificial ventilation for pulmonary edema and positive inotropic cardiac support. Mean duration of CAVH for correction of fluid- and electrolyte imbalance was 51.5 hours (range 20-144 hours). The mean fluid removal of 1715 +/- 1479 (SD) ml decreased mean body weight from 21.4 +/- 18.9 (SD) kg to 19.2 +/- 17.0 (SD) kg. The electrolyte disorders were corrected within 18-24 hours. After correction of fluid overload and electrolyte imbalance 7 children could be extubated and cardiac support could be stopped. Two children died because of multiple organ system failure. CAVH was well tolerated by all children, no hemofiltration related complications occurred. CAVH is an effective and safe extracorporal renal replacement therapy system to correct fluid- and electrolyte imbalances in critically ill children. It can be installed easily and quickly, can be performed in every pediatric intensive care unit and is well tolerated even by small children.

Examination of Correction Fluid Obliterations

Abstract The use of correction fluid, or white-out, is a common method of obliterating, altering, or covering up unwanted writing or typing. Removal of the correction fluid deposit using a solvent is a destructive method of examination. Photography with transmitted light is a nondestructive method which is not always successful. A third method that is both effective and nondestructive is the use of a product that renders the paper translucent. This liquid is applied to the paper under the opaque correction fluid deposit from the back. As the paper becomes translucent, the writing on the paper but under the correction fluid deposit is revealed. It is photographed, and the negative is printed in reverse so the writing will read right. The visualizing fluid is both volatile and inert, and in most cases will affect neither the paper nor ink.

A time-implicit monte carlo collision algorithm for particle-in-cell electron transport models

A time-implicit Monte Carlo collision algorithm has been developed to allow particle-in-cell electron transport models to be applied to arbitrarily collisional systems. The algorithm is formulated for electrons moving in response to electric and magnetic accelerations and subject to collisional drag and scattering due to a background plasma. The correct fluid or streaming transport results are obtained in the respective limits of strongly or weakly collisional systems, and reasonable behavior is produced even for time-steps greatly exceeding the magnetic-gyration and collisional-scattering times.

Sniffing up Trouble: Adhesive Tape Remover Pads

To the Editor.— I would like to bring to the attention of the medical community and hospitals the abuse potential of adhesive tape remover. Adhesive tape remover is often supplied to hospitals in the form of individually foilwrapped impregnated pads. Among their many ingredients are either perchloroethylene or 1,1,1-trichloroethane. These are the same active ingredients found in typewriter correction fluid, 1 which has been reported to have a high abuse potential among solvent sniffers. It is associated with coma, cardiac arrhythmias, and death. 2 This problem was recently brought to my attention by a 36-year-old woman who began hemodialysis in January 1986. Shortly thereafter she made frequent and demanding requests for adhesive tape remover in order to clear her skin of the adhesive tape that is used to hold fistula needles in place. A family member reported to me that she was inserting rolled adhesive tape remover pads in her

Factors influencing maternal survival in ruptured uterus

Ruptured uterus continues to be a common obstetric hazard in under developed countries. The commonest cause is spontaneous rupture from obstructed labor in the multipara. There was not a single rupture in the primipara. Rupture following previous cesarean section scar is also common. The most effective way of management is to correct fluid and blood loss followed by laparotomy and subtotal hysterectomy. This method gave a lower mortality than either repair and sterilization or total hysterectomy. Adequate pre-operative resuscitation and time interval between rupture and operation also influences mortality rate. The experience of the surgeon is another vital factor in determining mortality rate.

Sniffing Up Trouble: Inhalation of Volatile Substances-Reply

In Reply.— We acknowledge the interest of the writers and their corporation in the problems posed by inhalation of manufactured substances. Their action to include mustard oil in the preparation of typewriter correction fluid should prove extremely effective in deterring abuse of this product. The industry's efforts in development of the Solvent Abuse Foundation for Education should be encouraged. It is through public awareness of these potential dangers that responsible attitudes can be developed. The conclusions and opinions contained in our article recently published inThe Journal 1 were based on the data collected under the jurisdiction of the New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator. Drs Greer and Giovacchini refer to data contained in an article that was collected from a different geographic population and from sources lacking any standardized method of identification of such cases. 2 Nevertheless, when one examines the specific agents identified in the various categories,

Sudden Death in Adolescents Resulting From the Inhalation of Typewriter Correction Fluid

Inhalation abuse of various toxic agents continues to be a significant health problem among the younger segment of our society. We describe four cases of sudden death in adolescents associated with recreational sniffing of typewriter correction fluid occurring during the period 1979 through mid-1984. The solvents used in most of these fluids, 1,1,1-trichloroethane and trichloroethylene, are known to induce potentially fatal arrhythmias. Sniffing typewriter correction fluid poses a significant and underappreciated danger to the lives of these abusers. School health officials, public health departments, and law enforcement personnel should be alerted to the need for surveillance of this type of activity.

Sudden death in adolescents resulting from the inhalation of typewriter correction fluid

Sudden death in adolescents resulting from the inhalation of typewriter correction fluid

Continuous venous-venous hemofiltration for the treatment of fluid overload in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients.

Fluid overload is not infrequent in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. In our experience, extemporaneous continuous venous-venous hemofiltration (CVVHF) was able to correct fluid imbalances refractory to high dose diuretics and hypertonic solutions. We treated 8 of 52 patients (5 females, 3 males, mean age 52 years) on CAPD from 4 to 36 months and with fluid overloads of up to 10 kg. A Biospal SCU/CAVH flat-sheet high-flux hemodialyzer employed for 10 h produced an ultrafiltration rate (QB:150 ml/min) of 11.12 +/- 4.97 ml/min. With an isotonic replacement solution, the filter provided sufficient extraction of small molecules so that CAPD could be interrupted during CVVHF. The procedure appeared well tolerated. This approach reduced the use of hypertonic dialysate, which is not devoid of side effects on ultrafiltration capacity of the peritoneal membrane.

Choices for Correct Fluid Therapy: Should There Be a Controversy?

Choices for Correct Fluid Therapy: Should There Be a Controversy?

Adolescent abuse of typewriter correction fluid: Green JE South Med J 77:297–301 Mar 1984

Adolescent abuse of typewriter correction fluid: Green JE South Med J 77:297–301 Mar 1984

Adolescent abuse of typewriter correction fluid.

A new form of substance abuse in adolescents is the inhalation of fumes from typewriter correction fluids (Liquid Paper, Wite-Out, Snopake, etc), which are composed of various chlorinated solvents, to induce euphoria. Medical complications of such abuse and medical management of acute toxic episodes are discussed herein, along with suggestions for controlling this substance abuse.

Review paper. Approximations for Fermi-Dirac integrals, especially the function [formula omitted][formula omitted] (η) used to describe electron density in a semiconductor : J. S. Blakemore. Solid-St. Electron. 25 (11), 1067 (1982)

One of the biggest challenges for simulating the Boltzmann equation is the evaluation of fivefold collision integral. Given the recent successes of deep learning and the availability of efficient tools, it is an obvious idea to try to substitute the calculation of the collision operator by the evaluation of a neural network. However, it is unlcear whether this preserves key properties of the Boltzmann equation, such as conservation, invariances, the H-theorem, and fluid-dynamic limits.In this paper, we present an approach that guarantees the conservation properties and the correct fluid dynamic limit at leading order. The concept originates from a recently developed scientific machine learning strategy which has been named “universal differential equations”. It proposes a hybridization that fuses the deep physical insights from classical Boltzmann modeling and the desirable computational efficiency from neural network surrogates. The construction of the method and the training strategy are demonstrated in detail. We conduct an asymptotic analysis and illustrate the multi-scale applicability of the method. The numerical algorithm for solving the neural network-enhanced Boltzmann equation is presented as well. Several numerical test cases are investigated. The results of numerical experiments show that the time-series modeling strategy enjoys the training efficiency on this supervised learning task.