Consideration Of Corporate Social Responsibility Research Articles

Evaluation of Taiwan's IC industry production and market efficiencies under the consideration of corporate social responsibility

AbstractTaiwan has a complete semiconductor industry chain and is important in global semiconductor manufacturing. In addition to considering operational conditions, companies have also attached importance to corporate social responsibility (CSR) in recent years. This research thus takes 60 integrated circuit (IC) companies in Taiwan as a research sample and adopts the Meta Two‐stage dynamic RDM DDF (range directional model directional distance function) under an exogenous CSR model to explore their market stage efficiency and production stage efficiency. This study aimed to analyze whether incorporating a company's CSR performance into performance evaluations affects the production and profitability efficiency of Taiwanese IC companies. The findings are as follows: Most IC companies practice CSR and demonstrate good CSR performance. The market stage efficiency and production stage efficiency of the IC packaging and testing group are better than those of other groups.

Examining the Role of HRM Practices in Fostering Employee Engagement Towards CSR Initiative.

This paper investigates the pivotal role of Human Resource Management (HRM) practices in fostering employee engagement towards Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives within organizations. CSR has become a cornerstone of modern business strategy, acknowledging its significance in promoting sustainable practices and societal well-being. Employee engagement serves as a crucial link between CSR initiatives and organizational success, influencing attitudes, behaviors, and commitment levels among employees. Drawing upon existing literature and empirical evidence, this research provides insights into how HRM practices can effectively nurture and sustain employee engagement towards CSR, thereby contributing to enhanced organizational performance and social impact. [1] Theoretical frameworks such as Social Exchange Theory and Psychological Contract Theory are utilized to understand the mechanisms through which HRM practices shape employee attitudes and behaviors towards CSR. Social Exchange Theory elucidates how HRM practices serve as indicators of organizational support and commitment, fostering reciprocity and engagement among employees towards CSR goals. Psychological Contract Theory highlights the role of HRM practices in shaping the implicit expectations and obligations between employees and organizations, influencing perceptions of trust, fairness, and mutual respect, which in turn drive engagement towards CSR. [2] The paper explores key HRM practices that play a vital role in fostering employee engagement towards CSR initiatives, including recruitment and selection, training and development, performance management, and rewards and incentives. It discusses how organizations can integrate CSR considerations into these practices to create an enabling environment that motivates and empowers employees to actively participate in CSR efforts. Furthermore, implications for HRM practice are outlined, emphasizing the need for strategic alignment between HRM and CSR objectives, leveraging technology and communication channels to enhance employee engagement, and fostering a culture of transparency and accountability. DOI: https://doi.org/10.52783/tjjpt.v45.i02.6106

Millennials’ CSR Adoption: A Stakeholder Approach and the Impact on Profit

Business education emphasizes an analytical approach to decision making and strategy development. However, certain factors, such as Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), are challenging to quantify in corporate strategy. The consideration of CSR, including Environmental, Social, and Corporate Governance, by Boards of Directors, is among these difficult-to-quantify factors. Business schools now teach students to focus more on a CSR/stakeholder approach, in line with updated standards such as Advance Collegiate Schools of Business Standard 9, which has increased the focus on societal impact in curricula. The CSR/stakeholder approach has emerged as a global strategic management option but is not without challenges, including non-homogeneous CSR issues and potential greenwashing. Moreover, a measurable stakeholder approach might lead to decreased profitability. Individual differences, particularly among millennials, influence support for or against CSR initiatives. This paper evaluates these differences and their impact on decision-making, which will significantly influence society as millennials rise to leadership roles.

Corporate social responsibility, board characteristics, and family business in Thailand

AbstractExploring the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategy, family business, and board characteristics in Thailand provides invaluable insights into how boards of family businesses integrate CSR considerations, leading to responsible business practices and sustainable development in Thailand. Relying on the top 100 listed firms in the Stock Exchange of Thailand and the Refinitiv's CSR strategy score, we find that family business firms or firms with CEO serving as the chairman of board engage less CSR strategy, being consistent with the agency cost hypothesis and the expropriation view of family businesses. Additionally, in line with the resource dependency theory, female directors, independent directors, board tenure, and board size positively influence a firm's CSR. Additional analyses including the Heckman's sample selection bias and 2SLS instrumental variable approaches show that our results are robust and are not driven by unobserved heterogeneity. More importantly, gender diversity is an exemplary governance mechanism as it is the only board characteristic with a positive effect on CSR in both family and non‐family sub‐samples. While board tenure is positively associated with CSR in the non‐family business sample, larger board size and more board independence in the family business positively influence a firm's CSR. Findings from the family business sample support the functional view of board and socioemotional wealth of family firms.

Auditors' Understanding of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in Audits

This study explores auditors' understanding of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in audit engagements, aiming to elucidate the complexities and challenges faced in evaluating CSR-related disclosures. The research investigates auditors' comprehension of CSR concepts, challenges encountered in auditing CSR disclosures, the influence of organizational culture, reliance on regulatory frameworks, and the necessity for continuous professional development. Utilizing a qualitative research approach, data was gathered through interviews and literature reviews. Findings reveal a spectrum of understanding among auditors, influenced by factors such as education, training, and organizational culture. Challenges in auditing CSR disclosures include the subjective nature of CSR reporting, lack of standardized frameworks, and difficulties in assessing reliability. Organizational culture significantly shapes auditors' approaches, with ethical cultures prioritizing CSR considerations. Auditors rely on regulatory frameworks, particularly International Standards on Auditing (ISAs), yet face challenges in their application to CSR assurance. Continuous professional development emerges as crucial for enhancing auditors' competencies in auditing CSR activities. This study contributes to understanding the dynamics of CSR auditing, highlighting the importance of addressing challenges and promoting a culture of accountability and sustainability within audit firms.

Strategic inventory in the presence of socially responsible dual distribution channels

This paper examines how strategic inventory affects pricing decisions and contractual outcomes of a dual-channel supply chain with the consideration of corporate social responsibility. To highlight the role of CSR, we first extend the existing understanding of dual-channel supply chain dynamics to a for-profit dynamic setting. Thereafter, we analyze two cases where either the retailer or the supplier may be socially responsible. We find that although the presence of dual distribution arrangements can suppress retailer strategic inventory buildup, it may also lead to the retailer preferring the dynamic contract even for a sufficiently high holding cost, which is not the case in the single channel. We further show that the retailer’s strategic inventory decision is influenced by the level of social concern, supplier’s direct selling efficiency, and inventory holding cost. The retailer’s (supplier’s) social concern increases (decreases) the strategic inventory quantity, which significantly alters the contractual outcomes of the dual-channel supply chain. Interestingly, we find that although either channel member’s social concern or strategic inventory can alleviate double-marginalization effect, their interference may result in lower firm profit and supply chain inefficiency.

Navigating offshoring supply chain management decisions between cost advantages and corporate social responsibility risk

In the globalised world, companies would source major parts of their production, mainly for economic reasons, from low-cost countries. Therefore, it is important to understand implicit corporate social responsibility (CSR) risk when making offshoring decisions. This article presents a transparent composite index of CSR risk for a list of 170 countries. Combining the country CSR index with GDP per capita can help firms identify attractive offshoring destinations with relatively low CSR risk. This innovative approach allows companies to reconcile CSR considerations with economic success when designing international supply chains.

A Moral Consideration of Corporate-Social-Responsibility (CSR) on the Basis of the Conception of Stephen R. Perry’s Risk, Harm, and Responsibility

The goal is to develop a moral consideration of CSR. The nature of risk is examined and a distinction in epistemic conception of probability is introduced. The central question, namely if agent-imposed risk has to be regarded as a form of damage in its own right is introduced and applied to the issue of CSR. The modified question if corporation-imposed risk on society can be viewed as a form of damage comes into play. The terms of avoidability and foreseeability are added to the moral concept. The goal is to show that corporations hold a certain responsibility to society.

The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on Brand Performance with the Mediating Role of Corporate Reputation, Resource Commitment and Green Creativity

Following the strategic decisions of business managers in the community, issues have been raised that lead to changes in the community. One of these issues, which is becoming increasingly important, is consideration of corporate social responsibility. Therefore, the focus of this study was the effect of corporate social responsibility on brand performance with the mediating role of corporate reputation, resource commitment and green creativity. The research method was survey. The statistical population was employees of private banks, 507 of whom participated in the study. Structural equation modelling with SMARTPLS software was used to analyse the data. The results showed the effect of corporate social responsibility is positive and significant on resource commitment, green creativity, corporate reputation and brand performance. The effect of resource commitment, green creativity and corporate reputation is positive and significant on brand performance. Brand performance will be improved if the company supports employee higher education, encourages employees to develop their skills and abilities, implements flexible policies to provide work-life balance for employees, prioritizes employee needs and demands, has plans to reduce the negative effects of the company on the environment, and participates in activities aimed at protecting and improving the quality of the environment.

Can hedge funds benefit from corporate social responsibility investment?

AbstractWe explore the extent to which hedge funds incorporate corporate social responsibility (CSR) considerations in the development of their investment strategies. Using an asset‐weighted composite measure of CSR by fund, we examine the difference in financial performance between hedge funds with high CSR investment relative to those with low CSR investment and document no significant difference. Yet, we find that hedge funds increase their exposure to high‐CSR investments over our sample period, specifically postfinancial crisis. We find that the increases in CSR investment are associated with lower return volatilities in the future. Additionally, hedge funds with higher weighted CSR scores exhibit significantly lower risk factor loadings than funds with lower weighted CSR scores. Our results suggest that hedge funds are able to derive benefits by using CSR considerations as a form of risk mitigation in their investment policies.

Effects of CSR and CR on Business Confidence in an Emerging Country

Corporate social responsibility has been one of the main pillars of development for companies in developed countries and studies are being conducted for developed countries and the productive sector of the economy. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to analyze the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR), corporate reputation (CR), and business confidence in the context of the banking sector in an emerging country (Peru). To test the hypotheses presented in this paper, we sent a survey to 1745 banking executive officers of the branch offices in Peru. These key individuals were selected as the target population of the study because the authors sought to study the management’s perception of CSR and business confidence. From the data obtained from the survey, it has been determined that the strategic consideration of CSR in Peruvian banks directly influences the perception of business confidence. Secondly, it has been demonstrated that the strategic consideration of CSR in Peruvian banks positively influences corporate reputation and, finally, the perception of the importance of the corporate reputation of Peruvian banks and significantly influences the perception of business confidence by the managers. The main contribution of this paper is that it analyzes empirically how business confidence is perceived by managers, who are the main agents involved in implementing CSR actions, based on their opinion of the strategic consideration of CSR and the perception of CR in a context barely investigated, an emerging country.

Does Corporate Social Responsibility Affect to Legitimacy of the Companies? Analysis of Spain and Mexico through the Case Method

The highly competitive environment in which companies move means that they are constantly searching for initiatives that increase their legitimacy. The consideration of corporate social responsibility within the strategy of the company, means that it can be considered as a vehicle to legitimize companies in the face of society. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the relationship between corporate social responsibility and social legitimacy. For this, a case study will be carried out on 4 companies (three Spanish and one Mexican) included in the MERCO Responsibility and Corporate Governance Ranking, Fortune World’s Most Admired Companies and Fortune Global 500 for the period 2017-2018. The research reveals the existence of a positive relationship between social legitimacy and corporate social responsibility with business results, obtaining as a main conclusion that legitimacy represents within the company an intangible and key resource that must be managed so as not to lose it.

Sustainability and Corporate Social Responsibility in Closed Loop Supply Chain

Due to the awareness of environmental issues and the dwindling natural virgin resources, many company have attempted to increase the sustainability of their activities. One efficient way to pursue company’s sustainability is incorporation of consideration of corporate social responsibility (CSR) to designing a closed loop supply chain (CLSC). CLSC is now a revenue opportunity and low environmental emission application for manufacturers instead of classical cost-minimization approach. Recently, some governmental legislation forced producers to take care of End of Life (EOL) products. Electrical goods contains mandatory requirements on collection, recycling, and recovery in some country. A supply chain, in its classical form (forward supply chain), is a combination of processes to minimize cost by fulfill customers’ requests. Reverse logistics plan and control EOL product from the point of consumption to the point of origin for the purpose of recapturing value or proper disposal. If we consider forward and reverse supply chains simultaneously, the result network will construct a CLSC. This paper developed a mathematical model to consider corporate social responsibility activities in CLSC. This research formulates a multi-objective problem for closed loop supply chain (CLSC) design by incorporating CSR. Moreover the model, in addition to pursue objectives that maximize profit, minimize environmental emission, and maximize CSR objective, provides a range of strategic decision solutions for decision makers to select plan for a CLSC incorporating CSR. A proposed multi-objective mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model was solved. A numerical example was used to validate the potential application of the proposed model.

The Development Perspectives of Sustainable Management Accounting in Central and Eastern European Countries

Central and Eastern European countries undergo many political, structural, social and economic changes, with growing public awareness of the need for corporate sustainability among them. These changes influence all business activities of companies; the management accounting system, however, is particularly susceptible to the effects of these changes. Management accounting research is usually carried out using a conventional, mainstream approach, followed by most scientific researchers analyzing management accounting. This paper aims to promote the perception of the changes and prospects of the development of management accounting in Central and Eastern European countries with in-depth consideration of corporate social responsibility, viewing the role of accounting in a wider social, ethical, environmental, cultural and historical context. Therefore, the aim of this study is to contribute to the understanding of sustainable management accounting in the context of socio-economic transformations and developments in these countries, in the research perspectives of alternative management accounting. The paper relies on theoretical and methodological triangulation, using inductive and deductive reasoning as well as descriptive and comparative analysis. A bibliometric analysis, based on the scientific paper in Web of Science’ database relating management accounting research in Central and Eastern Europe countries in 1945–2017, reveals key trends in changes in the field of management accounting research, and allows us to anticipate the direction of future research in this region. The results of research in these areas determine the future growth, importance, and character of the sustainable management accounting practices of companies from Central and Eastern Europe. It offers findings which are potentially useful for both theory and practice.

Slowness Saving the Day of Worldwide Travel and Tourism? Environmental and Sustainability Aspirations of Airline and Business Voyagers, Shared by International and Student Travelers as well as Religious Tourists

The paper’s first part analyzes global tourism’s core concerns and responsibilities in the new millennium, one of which is sustainability. Sustainability is shown to be made operational by the triple bottom line, which is analyzed as an internal managerial decision-making and planning tool as well as an external assessment and reporting framework. Key triple bottom line dimensions are presented together with economic, social, and environmental performance and impact measurements via a range of key indicators. The paper’s second part evaluates the concept, forms, and contributions of slow travel and tourism to worldwide sustainability discussions, especially to forms of fast tourism. Slow tourism’s meanings comprise sustainability and environmentalism. As an opposite to slow tourism modes, airline travel has conflicting solutions within the airline and tourism industries, their customer preferences, and the global business environment. Similarly, business travelers’ motivations, decision-making, and beneficiaries have moved environmental and sustainability considerations up on their agendas. Multinational companies’ corporate social responsibility endows them with a special role in branding and marketing their sustainability aspirations. Student and youth traveler numbers increase steadily, corresponding to their market relevance and diversity of motives. Finally, religious tourists occupy a central position in global travel considerations, which impacts pilgrimage locations and ecologies. The paper’s third part shows how fast travel forms and industries can be inspired by slow tourism, especially when combining triple bottom line indicators, corporate social responsibility considerations, and slow travel and tourism philosophies and practices. This combined approach shows potential especially for global tourism’s marketing and branding strategies.

Effect of Consumer Awareness on Corporate Social Responsibility under Asymmetric Information

This paper studies the interaction between a firm and consumers under the consideration of corporate social responsibility. The firm can be either socially responsible or socially irresponsible; however, the consumers cannot observe the firm’s exact type, which is private information. The firm can try to signal its type through pricing and other information sharing mechanisms (e.g., issue sustainability reports and obtain third-party certifications). We find that due to the existence of asymmetric information, increasing consumer awareness of corporate social responsibility does not necessarily help promote responsible corporate behaviors. Specifically, when a larger fraction of consumers become socially concerned or when the consumers have stronger willingness to reward (punish) the responsible (irresponsible) firm, the responsible firm could be worse off whereas the irresponsible firm could be better off. This is because the seemingly attractive trend in consumer behavior will affect the responsible firm’s signaling cost as well as its equilibrium strategy (separating vs. pooling). In addition, we find that improving the signaling accuracy will always benefit the responsible firm but may or may not hurt the irresponsible firm. Our results suggest that addressing the information asymmetry issue is the key in promoting corporate social responsibility. In particular, concerned parties should first exert efforts to create transparency in firms’ sustainability practices before making investments to educate consumers and influence their purchasing behaviors.

When Do Multinational Companies Consider Corporate Social Responsibility? A Multi‐country Study in Sub‐Saharan Africa

AbstractWhile African countries are becoming more and more relevant as host countries for suppliers of multinational companies little is known about corporate social responsibility (CSR) in this region. To fill this gap, the present article explores CSR considerations of foreign affiliates of multinational companies when choosing local African suppliers. The article suggests a model of three types of determinants, namely firm characteristics, exports, and intra‐trade. Analyses of a large‐scale and quite unique firm level data for more than 2,000 foreign owned firms in 19 sub‐Saharan African countries demonstrate that firms importing intermediates from their parent company abroad are more likely to implement CSR. Similarly, CSR plays a larger role for affiliates that export to developed countries. Different determinants affect environmental and social CSR activities.

Development of closed–loop supply chain network in terms of corporate social responsibility

Due to the rise in awareness of environmental issues and the depletion of virgin resources, many firms have attempted to increase the sustainability of their activities. One efficient way to elevate sustainability is the consideration of corporate social responsibility (CSR) by designing a closed loop supply chain (CLSC). This paper has developed a mathematical model to increase corporate social responsibility in terms of job creation. Moreover the model, in addition to increasing total CLSC profit, provides a range of strategic decision solutions for decision makers to select a best action plan for a CLSC. A proposed multi-objective mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model was solved with non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II). Fuzzy set theory was employed to select the best compromise solution from the Pareto-optimal solutions. A numerical example was used to validate the potential application of the proposed model. The results highlight the effect of CSR in the design of CLSC.

The Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and International Tax Avoidance

This paper aims to illustrate Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) dilemmas that multinationals face when taking international tax planning decisions. The paper, written as a chapter in a CSR-handbook for business lawyers, first provides an overview of the context in which cross-border tax issues and dilemmas arise, and identifies the relevant stakeholders and actors. The authors do not take a stance in the discussion on whether or not CSR should play a role when a multinational determines its international tax planning policy, but taking as a starting point a hypothetical multinational that wants to take CSR considerations into account, they illustrate the tax planning dilemma’s that may arise. They provide a list of factors that may be taken into account by a multinational in determining whether an international tax planning scheme is acceptable from a CSR point of view. To illustrate the relevance of their observations, the authors finish the discussion by considering three of the debate’s high-profile cases.

The Impact of Board Structure on Corporate Social Responsibility: A Temporal View

AbstractTime plays an important role in corporate social responsibility (CSR) decisions. In the context of time and the boardroom, the consideration of CSR can be affected by board structure. For example, because of considerable short‐term pressures, this study posits that insiders on the board are less likely to prioritize the longer‐term time horizons needed to affect CSR. Following this perspective, a hypothesis is put forth that insiders generally have temporal orientations that are more short term in nature and that they therefore have a negative effect on CSR. A study of 300 of Australia's largest firms confirmed this hypothesis. However, when inside director compensation linked to environmental and social metrics and inside director CSR training are introduced as moderating variables, their interactive effects lead to positive results: both positively moderate the negative insider–CSR relationship in environmental and social dimensions. The study contributes to a temporal view of boards of directors, as well as to corporate governance and CSR. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment