Core-shell Composite Nanoparticles Research Articles

Effect of structure of ZnO and SiO2 core-shell composite nanoparticles as lubricant additive on tribological properties of greases

Nano-additives can enhance the tribological properties of greases. In particular, core-shell composite nanoparticles, which combine multiple nanoparticles, have been the subject of recent research due to their superior properties. In this study, based on the friction pairs material, GCr15, by choosing ZnO with low hardness and SiO2 with high hardness, core-shell composite nanoparticles with soft shell hard core SiO2@ZnO and hard shell soft core ZnO@SiO2 were prepared by chemical deposition and calcination methods. The impact of different structural forms of these composite nanoparticles as grease additives were investigated for the first time by adding them into lithium grease. The results show that ZnO@SiO2 have good tribological properties under light load, reducing the COF by 18 % and decreasing the WSD by 22 %. SiO2@ZnO exhibit the best anti-friction effect under heavy load conditions, reducing the COF by 15 % and decreasing the WSD by 28 %. The GCr15-ZnO-SiO2 surface composite film structure is the key to improve the performance of grease in the two composite nanoparticles. It not only has good wear resistance, but also can increase the bearing capacity of the oil film. The two core-shell structure nano-additives provide a new idea for the design of lubricants under special conditions.

Iron quantification at the sub femtogram level in magnetite hybrid silica methacrylate core–shell nanocomposite particles by sp-ICP-MS

This study highlights the application of single particle (sp)-ICP-MS as a valuable tool to monitor the distribution ofiron oxide nanoparticles in hybrid organic–inorganic core-shell silica/PMMA nanocomposites.

Controllable synthesis of core-shell SiO2@CeO2 abrasives for chemical mechanical polishing on SiO2 film

The controllable and facile synthesis of SiO2@CeO2 core-shell (CS) composite nanoparticles is crucial for various applications, i.e., chemical mechanical polishing (CMP), nanoreactors, and photocatalysis. However, it is still a challenge to control the synthesis of homogeneous CeO2-coated SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles without additional chemicals or organic solvents. The study investigated the influence of reaction atmosphere, initial pH of the silica colloidal, and the quantity of cerium nitrate on the ceria coating process systematically. Furthermore, the synthesis mechanism of CS composite nanoparticles was ascertained by monitoring changes in pH, zeta potential, secondary size, and morphology over time. The controllable growth of 3%− 67.5% ceria on the surface of silica is realized by controlling the method and timing of adding cerium nitrate and ammonia solution. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the Ce-O-Si chemical bonding that combined with the CeO2 at the interfaces of SiO2 core at temperature of 80 °C without post-heating. The material removal rate (MRR) of SiO2 film increased from 32.27 to 294.02 Å/min equipped with CS-7.65% composite nanoparticles as abrasives demonstrated significant improvement. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of SiO2@CeO2 composite nanoparticles in subsequent research.

Preparation and characterization of zein-based core-shell nanoparticles for encapsulation and delivery of hydrophobic nutrient molecules: Enhancing environmental stress resistance and antioxidant activity

A simple reverse solvent co-precipitation method was designed to prepare zein/debranched oxidized starch core-shell composite nanoparticles. Studies have shown that the composite nanoparticles have good stability and the ability to protect resveratrol from chemical degradation during long-term storage, pasteurization, and ultraviolet irradiation. The encapsulation rate of resveratrol in composite nanoparticles (81.15%) was significantly higher than that of pure protein nanoparticles (47.15%). The results of FT-IR (fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), circular dichroism, and fluorescence spectra show that hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interaction, and electrostatic interaction exist in the composite nanoparticles. Under pasteurization conditions, ultraviolet radiation, and two weeks of room-temperature storage, the composite nanoparticles can better maintain the biological activity of nutrient molecules. Moreover, the particles can maintain stability in different pH and ionic strength environments and gradually degrade and release active molecules in the intestinal tract in vitro in the simulated gastrointestinal environment. These results show that zein/debranched oxidized starch nanoparticles (ZDNPs) have great potential for application in the fields of functional drinks, food, and biomedicine-related delivery.

Photocatalysis-Assisted Chemical Mechanical Polishing of SiC Wafer using a Novel SiO2@TiO2 Core-Shell Composite Nanoparticles Slurry

Silicon carbide (SiC) is considered as a promising third-generation semiconductor material, but the surface fabrication of SiC wafer is very challenging. Photocatalysis-assisted chemical mechanical polishing of Si-face SiC wafer using a novel SiO2@TiO2 core–shell composite nanoparticles slurry is developed, for attaining high removal efficiency and high surface quality of SiC wafer. The preparation of the SiO2@TiO2 core–shell particles is introduced, and the characteristics of the new composite particle abrasive are studied through scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, size distribution, X-ray diffraction and Fourier infrared spectroscopy analysis. Polishing performances of SiC wafer using the slurry with the prepared SiO2@TiO2 composite nanoparticles under UV light are evaluated. The material removal rate (MRR) by the slurry with the SiO2@TiO2 composite nanoparticles presents much higher than that by the slurry without the SiO2@TiO2 particles. Meanwhile, the ultra-smooth surface with the low roughness and atomic step structure could be acquired. The relative removal schematic of the slurry with the photo-active composite nanoparticles abrasive towards the polishing of the SiC surface is proposed.

Crystal structure of heteroepitaxial BaTiO3–KNbO3 core–shell nanocomposite particles studied by synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction

Abstract We investigated the temperature-dependent crystal structure of a BaTiO3−KNbO3 (BT−KN) nanocomposite particle in which the KN shell epitaxially covers the BT core. Synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction experiments were performed over a temperature range of 300–800 K. Near the interface, BT and KN were found to be bonded in a pseudo-cubic crystal structure with similar lattice constants across all temperatures. As the temperature decreased, strain-gradient regions (SGRs) near the interface, caused by lattice mismatch, enlarged significantly owing to phase transitions. The largest SGRs with a tetragonal BT core and an orthorhombic KN shell were observed at 300 K. However, SGRs were minimal at 800 K, where both BT and KN possessed cubic crystal structures. Engineering interfaces such as SGRs can enhance the dielectric constant; therefore, it is crucial to consider material combinations with different crystal symmetries but similar unit cell volumes, such as BT−KN at RT.

The preparation and smart electrorheological behavior of MOF-Ti@PANI core-shell nanoparticles

In this paper, a kind of core–shell composite nanoparticles for electrorheological (ER) fluid was successfully prepared and showed good ER effect. The material possesses the high specific surface area and low density of metal organic frameworks (MOFs), and combines with the excellent dielectric properties of polyaniline (PANI). PANI precursors were prepared by a rapid mixing method, and then MOF-Ti (an MOF containing Ti) grew in situ on PANI under the solvothermal conditions. The MOF-Ti@PANI composite nanoparticles with core–shell structure were generated. These characteristics of PANI and MOF-Ti are conducive to stronger interfacial polarization of nanoparticles, which in turn leads to a good ER effect. The nanoparticle morphology as well as its ER and dielectric properties was modulated by using different amounts of PANI addition. The addition amount of PANI had a certain effect on the particle morphology, which was proved by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We also determined particle size at the nanoscale in this process. The measured results of the X-ray powder diffractometer (XRD) are consistent with the characteristic peaks of MIL-125 (a kind of MOF-Ti). The internal chemical structure of the material and the chemical environment of the elements were analyzed using Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Finally, the ER and dielectric properties of the nanoparticles in ER Fluids were investigated using high-speed rotational rheometry and broadband dielectric spectroscopy. The analysis revealed that the MOF-Ti@PANI core–shell nanoparticles have good ER properties under proper coating. For the core–shell modified MOFs, it is expected to be a promising development direction in the field of ER materials.

CeO2–TiO2 oxides with core-shell structure

A series of CeO2–TiO2 composites were synthesized using sol-gel method, and the structures were investigated by HR TEM, XRD, TG-DSC-MS, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms. The titania coating layer consisting of fine crystallites contributes to properties of the CeO2@TiO2 nanocomposite. The development of the fast, simple, and facile route for the synthesis of novel CeO2@TiO2 core-shell nanocomposite particles was suggested. An approach to increase the shell thickness of titania is to increase the concentration of the precursor of titania, but it also observed the formation of a small amount of independent titania clusters. It is shown that an increase in the titania content leads to the formation of a larger proportion of the rutile phase and a decrease in the proportion of metastable anatase and brookite, while reducing the particle size of the initial ceria core and the specific surface area due to the contact of titania shells, caused by the closer connections between nanoparticles.

An emulsion swelling route to surface-wrinkled polystyrene-silica colloidal nanocomposite particles

There is increasing interest in the fabrication of surface-wrinkled colloidal particles. This paper reports a facile emulsion swelling route to prepare surface-wrinkled polymer-silica core-shell nanocomposite particles. Submicrometer-sized polystyrene-silica (PS–SiO 2 ) nanocomposite particles were first prepared by emulsion polymerization of styrene using glycerol-functionalized ultrafine aqueous silica sols, and then surface-wrinkled PS−SiO 2 particles were obtained by swelling the PS−SiO 2 particles with a toluene/water emulsion and subsequent drying. The key to success is simply the use of the PS-SiO 2 core-shell nanocomposite particles prepared by emulsion polymerization, in which the SiO 2 shell was composed of individual and discrete ultrafine SiO 2 sols. The influence of various swelling parameters including toluene/particle ratio, surfactant concentration, swelling temperature and swelling time on the formation of the wrinkled nanocomposite particles was studied. Furthermore, hollow wrinkled silica thin shells composed of silica nanoparticles could be obtained by calcination of the wrinkled nanocomposite particles. This method represents a new paradigm in the preparation of surface-wrinkled polymer colloids. This paper reports a facile route to prepare surface-wrinkled polymer-silica nanocomposite particles with a thin silica shell through the judicious combination of emulsion polymerization and emulsion swelling. • A facile emulsion swelling route to prepare surface-wrinkled polymer-silica core-shell nanocomposite particles is reported. • The protocol involves judicious combination of emulsion polymerization and emulsion swelling. • Hollow wrinkled silica thin shells composed of silica nanoparticles could be obtained by calcination. • This method represents a new paradigm in the preparation of surface-wrinkled polymer colloids.

MnO2 coated Au nanoparticles advance SERS detection of cellular glutathione

Glutathione, referred to as GSH, abnormal physiologic level of GSH is an indication to some neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. A measurement of cellular GSH calls for rapid, sensitive, and selective methods. In this work, we rationally design and prepare Au@MnO2 core-shell composite nanoparticles combining with tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) molecules to determine intracellular GSH by Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique. MnO2 plays multifunctional roles in the method, including the participation in catalyzing TMB to molecules form dimer charge-transfer complex (CTC) which own a great SERS signal reporter. With the addition of GSH, the MnO2 will be dissolving detaching CTC molecules from the surface of Au@MnO2 and resulting in a signal-off off SERS response and indirect and sensitive detection of GSH could be realized. The limit of detection of GSH by SERS method is as low as 0.1 μmol/L and a good linear relationship of GSH is found in the range from 0.5 to 30 μmol/L. Au@MnO2-SERS assay is successfully applied to detect cellular GSH, which is validated by using Enzyme-linked-immunoassay-based Kit. The Au@MnO2-SERS protocol has promising potential for clinical application.

Quercetin loading on mesoporous magnetic MnFe2O4@ hydroxyapatite core-shell nanoparticles for treating cancer cells

Despite the availability of various nanostructure for cancer cells therapeutic, caring hydrophobic drugs to the target site is still one of the great challenges in chemotherapy. In this study, quercetin (QC), a poorly water-soluble natural anticancer agent, was used as a model drug to evaluate the efficiency of mesoporous magnetic MnFe2O4 core-shell nanocomposite particles. A simple co-precipitation method was employed to synthesis MnFe2O4 as core of nanostructure. Then, the obtained MnFe2O4 nanoparticles were coated with mesoporous hydroxyapatite (HA) shell as a new perspective for drug loading. The magnetic mesoporous nanostructure had specific surface area and mean pore size of 165.44 m2/g and 11.561 nm, respectively. In QC loading process, the MnFe2O4@HA nanostructure demonstrated loading capacity of 123 µg/mg with pH-depended release manner. In compare with free QC, loaded QC on MnFe2O4 core-shell nanocomposite particles exhibited 55% higher antioxidant activities against free 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. Moreover, comparative in-vitro anticancer studies on Michigan cancer foundation (MCF)-7 cells, breast cancer cell line, demonstrated more reduction in number of viable cells (35.6%) using loaded QC than that of free QC (50.76%), suggesting improvement in the solubility of QC by loading onto mesoporous magnetic nanocomposite particles compared to free QC.

Shell-to-core ratio dependence on modulating interactions between core-shell composite nanoparticles at an air-aqueous interface

The current study examined the shell-to-core ratio (λ) dependence on modulating interactions between core-shell composite particles (CPs) at the air-aqueous interface. The CPs were prepared by physical adsorption of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) on the surface of silica nanoparticles (NPs). The λ value increases with increasing PVP adsorption density and PVP molecular weight. The resulting CPs are referred to as CPs8, CPs40, CPs360, and CPs1300 respectively, depending on the molecular weight of PVP that being used. The 8 kDa PVP shell is thin, and the CPs8 behave more like hard spheres at the interface. Hence, great shear and compressional elasticities of the CPs8-laden interface were measured. Whereas, higher values of λ (thicker PVP shells) induce a stronger steric barrier, which dominates the self-assembly of the CPs and modulates the microstructure of the CPs-laden interface into more complex and non-hexagonal phases (i.e. anisotropic chains), e.g. for the CPs360 and CPs1300 cases. The enhanced steric repulsion between the polymer shells makes significant contributions in building up the surface pressure before the solid particle cores being sufficiently compressed, which reduces the apparent particle surface coverage, lubricates the CPs-CPs interaction, and facilitates the rearrangement of the CPs under compression and shear, resulting in interfacial films with weak viscoelasticity. The CPs40, however, showed a transition behavior between the “hard” CPs8 and the “softer” CPs360 and CPs1300 at the air-aqueous interface.

Interfacial behavior of core–shell composite nanoparticles under compression and shear: Influence of polymer shell thickness

HypothesisThe mobility of core–shell nanoparticles partitioned at an air–water interface is strongly governed by the compliance of the polymer shell. ExperimentsThe compressional, relaxation and shear responses of two polymer-coated silica nanoparticles (CPs) were studied using a Langmuir trough and needle interfacial shear rheometer, and the corresponding structures of the particle-laden interfaces were visualized using Brewster angle and scanning electron microscopy. FindingsThe mobility of CPs partitioned at an air–water interface correlates to the polymer MW. In compression, the CPs40-laden interface (silica nanoparticles coated with 40 kDa PVP) showed distinct gas–liquid-solid phase transitions and when the surface pressure was reduced, the compressed particle-laden interface relaxed to its original state. The compressed-state of the CPs8-laden interface did not relax, and wrinkles in the particle-laden film that had formed in compression remained due to greater adhesion between the compressed particles. The increased mobility of the CPs40-laden interface translated to lower surface shear moduli, with the viscoelastic moduli an order of magnitude or more lower in the CPs40-laden interface than the CPs8-laden interface. Ultimately this contributed to changing the stability of particle-stabilized foams, with less mobile interfaces providing improved foam stability.

Preparation and MRI performances of core-shell structural PEG salicylic acid-gadolinium composite nanoparticles

Gadolinium (III)-based T1 contrast agents have been widely used in clinical MRI. In this study, salicylic acid-gadolinium chelate was prepared via directly coordination reaction of gadolinium ion and salicylic acid. Then, three polyethylene glycols with different molecular weight were modified on the surface of salicylic acid-gadolinium by simple chemical coupling to construct three core-shell structural Gd based composites. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterization results show that the composite is a spherical particle with a diameter of about 100–200 nm. The longitudinal relaxation rate r1 of the Gal-PEG-2000 is 11.097 (mmol/L)−1/s, and the ratio of r2/r1 is as low as 2.53. The composite shows good liver and intestines MRI performances after being used in in vivo imaging, showing a good prospect of biological application.

Advanced mixed matrix membranes of Pebax embedded with amino acid ionic liquids@PIM core-shell composite nanoparticles for CO2 separation

Introducing the amino acid ionic liquids (AAILs) into polymeric membranes, have been a promising way to improve CO2 permeation-separation performance. A series of novel mixed matrix membranes (MMMs), based on Pebax 2533 and the AAILs@polymers of intrinsic microporosity (core-shell) composite nanoparticles (AAILs@PIM (core-shell) CNPs), were prepared. The composite nanoparticle was composed of the PIM as the dense shell and the AAILs as the core. The AAILs as the core provided high CO2 adsorption selectivity; and the AAILs covered by nanospheres avoided its loss. Moreover, the PIM shell and Pebax matrix also provided a good organic-organic interface in the MMMs. The chemical characterization of AAILs@PIM (core-shell) CNPs was performed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The morphology and structure of AAILs@PIM (core-shell) CNPs was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. The effect of incorporating the PIM HNPs on the chain segments of Pebax matrix was investigated by the differential scanning calorimeter. Gas transport property of the (AAILs@PIM (core-shell) CNPs)/Pebax MMMs was reported. Compared with the original Pebax membrane, the (AAILs@PIM (core-shell) CNPs)/Pebax MMMs displayed higher CO2/N2 selectivity at the cost of a reduction in CO2 permeability because of the hydrogen bond of the AAILs-CO2 complexes. It is also found that increasing the temperature can eliminate the hydrogen bond of the AAILs-CO2 complexes. Therefore, at high temperature, the (AAILs@PIM (core-shell) CNPs)/Pebax MMMs exhibit both higher CO2 permeability and higher CO2/N2 selectivity than the original Pebax membrane has. The outstanding CO2 permeation-separation performance shows great potential application to the flue gas treatment.

Au-Ag core-shell composite nanoparticles as a selective and sensitive plasmonic chemical probe for l-cysteine detection in Lens culinaris (lentils).

The present work reported is a simple and selective method for the colorimetrical detection of l-cysteine in Lens culinaris (or lentils) using Au–Ag core–shell (Au core Ag shell) composite nanoparticles as a chemical probe. The phenomenon is based on the color change of composite nanoparticles from yellowish brown to light blue, followed by a shift of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) absorption band in the UV-visible region (i.e., 200–800 nm) with the addition of l-cysteine into the solution of bimetallic nanoparticles. The mechanism for the detection of l-cysteine is based on the electrostatic interaction of the metal ion with the thiol group of the amino acid, which causes the red shift of the LSPR band at 685 nm. The size distribution, morphology, composition and optical properties of the Au–Ag core–shell composite nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDX), UV-visible spectrophotometer and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. An excellent linearity range for the present method was observed in the range of 20–140 μg mL−1 with a limit of detection at 1.95 μg mL−1 and correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.986. A good% recovery of 4.0% showed the selectivity of the method for l-cysteine determination from sample matrices. The advantageous features of the present method are being simple, rapid, low cost and selectivity towards the determination of l-cysteine in lentils.

Optical properties of TiO<sub>2</sub>@Ag nanowires and nanospheres

Nanoparticles (NPs) with nonmetallic cores and metallic shells (such as Au, Ag, and Cu) can exhibit improve absorption efficiency due to localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), charge density oscillations at the surfaces of these core-shell composite nanoparticles. In this study, the effect of the geometry of TiO2@Ag core-shell composite nanoparticles on their optical absorption properties was theoretically illustrated in the wavelength ranges between the visible and infrared light regions of electromagnetic radiation. These nanostructures were modeled by varying the TiO2 core and Ag shell radii of the composite nanospheres and nanowires. The results indicate that varying the TiO2 core radius and Ag shell thickness can be used to tune the absorption efficiency of these materials from the UV region to the visible or infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. An increase in the absorption efficiency with greater core radii was observed. The absorption efficiency peaks of core-shell nanospheres or nanowires increased with the shell radius. Theoretical modeling based on these results suggest that this nanomaterial can be effectively utilized so that its optical absorption properties can be tuned. These properties could help to synthesize TiO2@Ag core-shell composite NPs for use in environmental applications such as treating contaminated water and in novel future devices.

Scanning probe microscopy study of cobalt ferrite-barium titanate coreshell magnetoelectric nanoparticles

Cobalt ferrite – barium titanate coreshell composite nanoparticles are an important part of the emerging field of magnetoelectric materials. Understanding the structure of these nanoparticles is vital towards controlling and adjusting their key properties for specific applications. Although transmission electron microscopy can reveal nanoparticle size, shape, and crystallinity, key information regarding the magnetic properties and the compositional makeup of the coreshell configuration remains elusive at nanoscale. This paper covers the use of scanning probe microscopy to directly measure these features using topography imaging, magnetic force imaging, and phase imaging. This technique provides significant insights into the intrinsic magnetoelectric coupling between the magnetostrictive cobalt ferrite core and the piezoelectric barium titanate shell. Particularly, this technique was applied to obtain phase images that directly exhibited the coreshell configuration, including an intermediate transition region between the core and the shell. The samples examined include 20 nm and 50 nm cobalt ferrite-barium titanate coreshell nanoparticles fabricated via co-precipitation and sol–gel synthesis. The results revealed a cuboid shape for the cobalt ferrite cores, and an oval shape for the cobalt ferrite-barium titanate coreshell nanoparticles. This result was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Additionally, the paper comprehensively analyzes the samples in their powder form via X-ray diffraction. The results indicate that the crystallinity of barium titanate is enhanced as the cobalt ferrite concentration is increased because of heterogeneous nucleation requiring a lower nucleation barrier compared to homogeneous nucleation.

Rare-earth element extraction from geothermal brine using magnetic core-shell nanoparticles-techno-economic analysis

Rare earth elements (REEs) are critical materials having a wide variety of applications such as generating and storing renewable energy. Extracting rare earth metals from geothermal brines is a very challenging problem due to the low concentrations of these elements and engineering challenges with traditional chemical separations methods involving packed sorbent beds or membranes that would impede large volumetric flow rates of geothermal fluids passing through a geothermal power plant. We demonstrate a simple and highly cost-effective nanofluid-based method for extracting rare earth metals from geothermal brines. Core-shell composite nanoparticles that contain a magnetic iron oxide core surrounded by a shell made of metal-organic framework (MOF) sorbent functionalized with chelating ligands were produced to selectively extract rare earth elements. A flowsheet model is used to estimate the capital and operating cost of a potential process to extract Eu from geothermal brines in the Salton Sea area using the magnetic nanofluid technology. The techno-economic analysis (TEA) results show that the annual productivity of Eu from the outlet brine stream of a typical 20 MW geothermal power plant is about 2151 kg. The capital cost to apply the PNNL magnetic nanofluid technology is about $6.8 M and the internal return rate (IRR) for this investment is about 18.1% based on the information collected for the year 2018. Sensitivity analysis has been carried out for some key parameters such as the REE concentration and price and adsorbent cost to reveal their impacts on the IRR.

Synthesis and characterization of polymeric nanocomposites based on poly-melamine-paraformaldehyde and superparamagnetic silicon dioxide loaded Iron(III) oxidecore-shell composite magnetic nanoparticles

In this study, a novel magnetic nanomaterial was synthesized based on Schiff base condensation of low-cost materials under special conditions. A novel Fe3O4@SiO2 @PMF polymeric nanocomposites were prepared from a mixture containing poly-melamine-paraformaldehyde and silicon dioxide loaded Iron (III) oxide core-shell composite magnetic nanoparticles. The silicon dioxide (SiO2) was coated on iron (III) oxide )Fe3O4( magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) by tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) added via Stӧber method to prevent the core from oxidation or dissolving by acid solution and poly-melamine-paraformaldehyde (PMF) nanoparticles were modified the SiO2 loaded Fe3O4 in biocompatible solvents. Evaluation and characterization of synthesized product using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) and thermogravimetry analysis (TGA). According to the results, Fe3O4@SiO2@PMF MNPs have high thermal stability up to 450 oC with a %8 weight loss and furthermore VSM measurements indicated that the Fe3O4 and Fe3O4@SiO2 @PMF nanoparticles were superparamagnetic and the magnetization were 55.05emug-1 and 20.1emug-1 at room temparature, respectively.