Copper Ferrite Nanoparticles Research Articles

Structural, magnetic and electrical studies on nickel doped copper ferrite synthesized using sol-gel method

Nickel doped copper ferrite nanoparticles NixCu1-xFe2O4(x = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 0.9) have been prepared through well known sol-gel technique. Numerous analytical methods, including the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and powder X-ray diffractometer (XRD), were used to analyze the synthesized materials. Synthesized sample XRD patterns reveal the single phase development of the spinel crystalline structure in the absence of any contaminant. The concentration of Ni ions rises with a corresponding decrease in crystallite size. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was also used to assess the microstructure. By using UV–Visible spectrometer an optical absorbance and through FTIR, two of ferrite's distinctive bands were verified. The M-H loops show that when the concentration of nickel ions increases, saturation magnetization varies. The Cyclic-Voltameter was used to perform the ionic electrochemical analysis. The NixCu1-xFe2O4 nanopowder's enhanced magnetic characteristics suggest that these substances would make good candidates for magnetic catalysts.

Enhanced photocatalytic activity of titanium-doped copper ferrite for methyl green dye degradation under commercial visible LED light

This study examines the effect of TiO₂ doping on the catalytic performance of copper ferrite (CuFe₂O₄) nanoparticles in degrading methyl green dye under visible light. Copper ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized and doped with varying TiO₂ concentrations. The catalysts were characterized using XRD, SEM, EDX, and BET surface area analysis. The TiO₂-doped copper ferrite catalysts showed significantly enhanced catalytic activity compared to undoped copper ferrite. The optimal doping concentration of 10 wt% TiO₂ achieved a degradation efficiency of 92 % for methyl green dye after 60 min of irradiation. The BET surface area increased with TiO₂ doping, contributing to the improved catalytic performance. Reusability tests over five cycles indicated a slight decrease in efficiency, attributed to the loss of active sites. These results indicate that TiO₂ doping effectively enhances the catalytic properties of copper ferrite, making it a viable option for environmental remediation.

Paper chip-based colorimetric biosensor for glucose by using CuFe2O4@GO as nanozyme

The development of nanomaterials with notable enzyme-like activity is of great significance to the field of bioanalysis. Herein, a nanomaterial composed of copper ferrite nanoparticles (CuFe2O4 NPs) and graphene oxide (GO) was successfully prepared (CuFe2O4@GO). The obtained CuFe2O4@GO was proved to have peroxidase-like (POD-like) activity, which could catalyze the oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to generate oxidized TMB (ox-TMB) in the presence of H2O2 with an obvious color change. On this basis, a colorimetric biosensor using a UV–vis spectrometer as readout and a paper chip-based colorimetric biosensor using a smartphone as readout was constructed for glucose detection, respectively, as glucose oxidase (GOD) could oxidize glucose to form H2O2. The UV–vis spectrometer-based approach exhibits a linear range of 0 to 1000 μM and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.79 μM for glucose. The smartphone-based method shows a linear range of 0.1 to 50 mM and a LOD of 0.04 mM for glucose. Moreover, the fabricated colorimetric biosensors have good selectivity towards glucose and the sample matrixes cannot affect the detection of glucose. Finally, the concentration of glucose in human serum samples was successfully detected using two different ways, and the results are close to the clinical values. The proposed method embraces several good merits. Firstly, the colorimetric biosensors combining UV–vis spectrometer and smartphone offer precise results, which could effectively prevent the occurrence of false events. Secondly, paper-based microfluidic analytical device (μPAD) as analytical platform and smartphone as readout provides a versatile approach for constructing sensitive, cost-effective, and simple colorimetric biosensor for the visual monitoring of glucose. Lastly, except for glucose detection, this work also shows great application prospects for other small molecules detection that could generate H2O2.

Enhanced Removal of Cd(II) Ions from Aqueous Media via Adsorption on Facilely Synthesized Copper Ferrite Nanoparticles.

In this study, magnetic copper ferrite (CuFe2O4) nanoparticles were synthesized via the Pechini sol-gel method and evaluated for the removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solutions. PF600 and PF800 refer to the samples that were synthesized at 600 °C and 800 °C, respectively. Comprehensive characterization using FTIR, XRD, FE-SEM, HR-TEM, and EDX confirmed the successful formation of CuFe2O4 spinel structures, with crystallite sizes of 22.64 nm (PF600) and 30.13 nm (PF800). FE-SEM analysis revealed particle diameters of 154.98 nm (PF600) and 230.05 nm (PF800), exhibiting spherical and irregular shapes. HR-TEM analysis further confirmed the presence of aggregated nanoparticles with average diameters of 52.26 nm (PF600) and 98.32 nm (PF800). The PF600 and PF800 nanoparticles exhibited exceptional adsorption capacities of 377.36 mg/g and 322.58 mg/g, respectively, significantly outperforming many materials reported in the literature. Adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetics, indicating monolayer adsorption and strong physisorption. The process was spontaneous, exothermic, and predominantly physical. Reusability tests demonstrated high adsorption efficiency across multiple cycles when desorbed with a 0.5 M ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solution, emphasizing the practical applicability of these nanoparticles. The inherent magnetic properties of CuFe2O4 facilitated easy separation from the aqueous medium using a magnet, enabling efficient and cost-effective recovery of the adsorbent. These findings highlight the potential of CuFe2O4 nanoparticles, particularly PF600, for the effective and sustainable removal of Cd(II) ions from water.

Influence of plasma synthesis parameters on the magnetic, structural and photocatalytic properties of copper ferrite

CuFe2O4 cubic copper ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized by a new plasma method, the advantage of which is the short duration of processing and cost-effectiveness. To select optimal synthesis conditions, central compositional rotatable experimental planning was used. Using the methods of X-ray phase analysis, vibration magnetometry, electron microscopy, and UV spectroscopy, the sizes of crystallites, the intensity of peaks in X-ray diffraction patterns, dislocation density, saturation magnetization, coercive force, and the degree of degradation of 4-nitrophenol were determined. To study the effect of pH on the composition of the resulting copper ferrites, cyclic voltammetry was used. The kinetics of the ferritization process under the influence of a plasma discharge has also been studied. A mechanism for ferritization in the Cu2+-Fe2+-SO42--OH- system has been proposed.It was found that single-phase nanodispersed powders of cubic copper ferrites with a saturation magnetization Ms 78–93 Emu/g can be obtained by plasma treatment at 300 s and pH 12. Copper ferrite with an admixture of Cu2O is formed at pH = 8.The maximum values of the coercive force correspond to regimes in which the minimum dislocation density is observed. The saturation magnetization depends on the crystallite size. The crystallite size of the resulting powders is in the range of 225–500 A. The results showed that the processing time is the parameter that has the greatest impact on the structural and magnetic characteristics of copper ferrite; the pH of the reaction medium affects them to a lesser extent.

Tailored solar collector coatings: Synthesis and characterization of CuFe2O4/PANI nanocomposites

This work successfully synthesized CuFe2O4 nanoparticles and CuFe2O4/PANI nanocomposites via a simple chemical precipitation method followed by in-situ polymerization. The main objective is to investigate the solar selective properties of these novel nanomaterials for solar collector applications. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize phase structure and crystallite sizes. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and UV–vis spectroscopy were performed to examine the morphology and optical characteristics of the nanostructures. XRD confirmed the development of spinel copper ferrite nanoparticles and copper ferrite/PANI nanocomposites with average crystallite sizes of 20.64 ± 4.04 nm, consistent with FT-IR and Raman results. Optical direct band gaps, estimated using Tauc plots, ranged from 2.7 eV to 3.3 eV for copper ferrite nanoparticles and reduced to 2.5 eV–3.0 eV with polyaniline inclusion. Reflectance spectra showed that CuFe₂O₄/PANI nanocomposites exhibited strong solar absorptance (αs) of 95 % in the visible spectrum and reduced emittance (εt) of 1 % in the infrared region, with a superior selectivity of 96.28 %. These nanocomposites can emerge as a novel class of selective coating materials with outstanding selective optical properties.

Synthesis and characterization of CuFe2O4 spinel ferrite for supercapacitor application

The present work describes the synthesis of spinel ferrites which is potentially active material for electrodes of supercapacitors with high theoretical capacitance. Using nitrate salts of respective metal ions with citric acid as a chelating agent CuFe2O4 spinel ferrite was prepared by using the sol-gel auto-combustion method. The formation of single-phase nano particles of CuFe2O4 spinel ferrite is confirmed form the X-ray diffraction pattern. The spherical morphology of copper ferrite nano particles is displayed by Field-emission Scanning Electron Microscopy. The electrochemical properties of CuFe2O4 spinel ferrite has been investigated by Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) and Galvanostatic Charge-Discharge (GCD) tests. The specific capacitance of the prepared CuFe2O4 spinel ferrite is 238 F/g at the current density of 0.5 A/g. The corresponding power density is 118.29 W/kg and the energy density is 62.5 Wh/kg. The resultant CuFe2O4 spinel ferrite nanoparticles exhibit excellent electrochemical performance and can be a promising candidate for supercapacitor application.

Synthesis and characterization of lead-doped copper ferrite nanoparticles

Magnetic nanoparticles of lead-doped copper ferrite, PbxCu1−xFe2O4, where x = 0.0, 0.1, and 0.2, were synthesized by the combustion method. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine crystallographic phases and crystallite sizes. The results showed the presence of trigonal and tetragonal phases for x = 0, with crystallite sizes of 37 nm and 72 nm, respectively, and for x = 0.2, with crystallite sizes of 23 nm and 21 nm, respectively. For x = 0.1, only the trigonal phase was observed, with a crystallite size of 27 nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed cubic, hexagonal, and rod-shaped structures for all values of x, indicating a polycrystalline material with various spatial orientations. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) identified the chemical elements present in the samples and Mössbauer spectroscopy revealed the formation of spinel-type ferrite. Vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) displayed typical ferrimagnetic behavior and the Jahn-Teller effect was observed in all samples.

The preparation of [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines catalyzed by Schiff base zinc(ii) complex supported on magnetite nanoparticles under mild conditions.

Nano-[CuFe2O4@SiO2/propyl-1-(O-vanillinaldimine)][ZnCl2] was prepared by placing a Schiff base zinc(ii) complex on a magnetite core and fully characterized by various analyses such as FT-IR, FE-SEM, EDAX, SEM-coupled EDX, TGA, VSM and TEM. The complexes supported on silica-coated magnetite copper ferrite nanoparticles were used as a reusable catalyst for the synthesis of 5-methyl-N,7-diphenyl-4,7-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidine-6-carboxamides resulting in 40% to 96% yield in the reactions of various aldehydes, acetoacetanilide, and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole at 60 °C under solvent-free conditions. The zinc complex can change its structure from tetrahedral to square planar and catalyze the reaction. Some products containing the benzyloxy moiety are new and have been reported for the first time.

Dual Heterojunction Graphene-Supported Photocatalysts of Copper Oxide Nanowires and Copper Ferrite Nanoparticles for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Dual Heterojunction Graphene-Supported Photocatalysts of Copper Oxide Nanowires and Copper Ferrite Nanoparticles for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Copper ferrite nanoparticles anchored laser-induced graphene as novel nanoenzyme for the electrochemical catalyzing and sensing of β-estradiol in serum

β-estradiol is one of the most active hormones in steroids, and it plays a vital role in the human reproductive and non-reproductive systems. Compared with other methods for detecting β-estradiol, electrochemical biosensors are economical, simple, sensitive, and rapid. Herein, spinel copper ferrite nanoparticles and laser-induced graphene (LIG) were employed to functionalize screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE) for the first time, and it demonstrated that they have a synergistic effect on the catalysis of β-estradiol. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was used to detect the changes in the peak current generated by the oxidation of β-estradiol. The nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and the composition elements and morphology of the nanoparticles were explained. The linear range of β-estradiol detected by this method is 0.1 ∼ 100 μM, R2 = 0.9992, and the detection limit is 3 nM. The sensor has good selectivity, reproducibility, repeatability, stability, and anti-interference performance. In rat serum, the recovery of the sensor at 100, 10, and 1 μM β-estradiol was 105 % ∼ 110 %, with relative standard deviations of 2.3 % ∼ 4.0 % (N = 3). This study shows that the sensor can be applied to detect actual samples and has potential application value for female reproductive-related diseases.

Removal of tetracycline and ciprofloxacin from aqueous solutions using magnetic copper ferrite nanoparticles

This study investigated the removal of tetracycline and ciprofloxacin antibiotics from an aqueous solution in a batch system using magnetic copper ferrite (CuFe2O4) nanoparticles as adsorbents. Next, the effects of important parameters such as concentration, adsorbent dosage, ultrasonication time, and pH were examined on the efficiency of the tetracycline and ciprofloxacin removal process. The optimum conditions of the parameters were determined through the Box-Behnken design (BBD) based on the design of the experiment (DOE). The second-order regression coefficients were estimated following the statistical analysis of the results by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimal points were determined accurately by combining the results and drawing a second-order multivariate equation. The optimum conditions were obtained at a concentration of 30 mg L−1, a dosage of 0.021 g, a pH of 7, and an ultrasonication time of 11 min. Under the optimum conditions, the maximum removal efficiency was 96.89% and 99.03% for tetracycline and ciprofloxacin, respectively. The performance of CuFe2O4 adsorbent in five consecutive experiments did not show much decline, indicating the reusability and stability of the adsorbent. The study results showed that CuFe2O4 adsorbent could remove tetracycline and ciprofloxacin from real water samples by more than 98%.

Green synthesis of silver deposited on copper ferrite nanoparticles for the photodegradation of dye and antibiotics

Wastewater remediation is a prominent concern that should be addressed, as it is a critical problem that damages natural resources and has a negative impact on living organisms. In this study, the synthesis of copper ferrite and silver doped-copper ferrite nanoparticles named CuFe2O4 and AgXCuFe2O4 using Monsonia burkeana (M. burkeana) as a fuel and their photocatalytic performance against the textile pollutant, Methylene blue (MB) and the pharmaceutical pollutant, sulfisoxazole (SSX) was reported. The physical, optical, spectroscopic, and surface analyses of the as-prepared nanoparticles were characterized using various techniques. XRD confirmed the crystalline structure of Ag-CuFe2O4 and the incorporation of silver on the surface of the nanoferrites. FTIR analysis indicated the formation of a single-phase spinel crystalline structure with two sub-lattices (Td and Oh). UV–Vis absorption spectra of silver-substituted copper ferrite revealed that the band gap energy (Eg) decreased with increasing crystallite size. Upon testing their degradation efficiency, at pH 12, the highest degradation of 99 % after 60 min for the 7 % AgCuFe2O4 was reported, and the rate of the reaction was found to be 0.09769 min−1. The 7 % Ag-CuFe2O4 catalyst could be reused more than 4 times with a minimal loss in photostability and the e− and •O2- were the primary species responsible for MB degradation. The photocatalyst 7 %Ag-CuFe2O4, showed a 60 % decomposition for the antibiotic after 120 min of UV-radiation. The 7 % Ag-CuFe2O4 photocatalyst displayed superior magnetic recovery capability under the action of the external magnetic field. These developments in this study offer wide promising applications in water environmental remediation.

Heterogeneous copper ferrite nanoparticles for catalytic synthesis of tetrahydroquinolines

Heterogeneous copper ferrite nanoparticles for catalytic synthesis of tetrahydroquinolines

Preconcentration and Removal of Lead From Water Samples Using Magnetic Copper Ferrite Nanoparticles

The presence of lead and its compounds is extremely dangerous to various forms of life. Therefore, exploring effective treatments that can reduce the presence of lead ions around us becomes crucial, thereby averting lead toxicity. A magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) procedure for the removal and preconcentration of trace amounts of Pb(II) using copper ferrite nanoparticles (CuFe2O4 NPs) prior to their determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) has been proposed. CuFe2O4 as solid-phase extraction adsorbent was synthesized via co-precipitation and characterized by attenuated total reflection–infrared spectroscopy (ATR–IR), x-ray diffraction spectrometry (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These magnetic CuFe2O4 carrying the Pb(II) could be easily separated from the aqueous solution by applying an external magnetic field; no filtration or centrifugation was necessary. Various analytical parameters, including pH, eluent type/concentration, adsorbent mass, sample volume, adsorption/desorption time, mixing, and interfering ions, were systematically studied and optimized for the recovery of Pb(II). A sample volume of 20 mL achieved a preconcentration factor of 20. The method effectively determined Pb(II) in water samples, with recovery values exceeding 95% using the optimal conditions.

Functionalization of porous silica with graphene oxide and polyethyleneimine, containing zinc copper ferrite nanoparticles for water treatment and antibacterial application

The article discusses the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye, a common cationic dye used in the textile industry, from aqueous solutions through an adsorption process. The use of porous components as adsorbents are shown to facilitate complete separation after the process is completed. The substrate was synthesized by connecting zinc copper ferrite (ZnCuFe2O4), polyethyleneimine (PEI), and Graphene Oxide (GO) sheets to MCM-48, which is a mesoporous material. The surface of MCM-48 was modified using CPTMS, which created an O–Si–Cl bridge, thereby improving the adsorption rate. The substrate was shown to have suitable sites for electrostatic interactions and creating hydrogen bonds with MB. The adsorption process from the Freundlich isotherm (R2 = 0.9224) and the pseudo-second-order diagram (R2 = 0.9927) demonstrates the adsorption of several layers of dye on the heterogeneous surface of the substrate. The synthesized substrate was also shown to have good bactericidal activity against E. coli and S. aureus bacterial strain. Furthermore, the substrate maintained its initial ability to adsorb MB dye for four consecutive cycles. The research resulted that ZnCuFe2O4@MCM-48/PEI-GO substrate has the potential for efficient and economical removal of MB dye from aqueous solutions (R = 88.82%) (qmax = 294.1176 mg. g−1), making it a promising solution for the disposal of harmful industrial waste.

Merits of photocatalytic activity of synthesized (ZnxCu(1−x)Fe2O4); x = (0–1) magnetic nanoparticles for wastewater treatment

Synthesis of crystalline zinc copper ferrite nanoparticles was achieved via a simple co-precipitation method. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) is utilized to give the morphological characterization of the prepared samples. A transmission electron microscope (TEM) was employed for further identification and confirmation of the particle size and morphology. Moreover, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were utilized to examine crystalline structure and chemical structure, respectively. The photocatalytic performance of Zn0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles under UV light was assessed by decolorization of methyl orange (MO) azo dye. The efficiency of photocatalytic degradation of 20 ppm of MO by Zn0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles 15 mg was 96% after 135 min at an ambient temperature of 25 °C and pH value of 3. Further interpretation was carried out and a proposed mechanism for the MO photodegradation over Zn0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles was suggested.

A novel green synthesis of CuFe2O4 Nanoparticles from Cissus rotundifolia for photocatalytic and antimicrobial activity evaluation

This paper reports a novel green fabrication of copper ferrite (CuFe2O4) nanoparticles (NPs) from Cissus rotundifolia plant extract. The NPs were characterized by different spectroscopic techniques.The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum exhibited intrinsic stretching at the tetrahedral position of Fe–O at 591 cm−1 and the octahedral stretching of Cu–O at 402 cm−1 respectively. The fine diffraction pattern in the X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD) showed the formation of well-crystalline NPs. The mean crystallite size of the NPs was calculated to be 17.33 nm. The High-resolution Transmission Electron Microscopic (TEM) analysis showed roughly spherical shape and irregular morphology of the NPs. The Zeta potential was calculated to be −29.7±0.3 mV, indicating a negative charge over the CuFe2O4 NPs. The formation of spinel ferrite was confirmed from the characterization data. The photocatalytic activity of the CuFe2O4 NPs was examined against the methylene blue (MB) dye, showing 82% degradation under UV–Visible light. The reusability experiment showed that the catalytic activity was not much decreased even till the 4th cycle. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized CuFe2O4 NPs was tested against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacilus pumilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella abony through the Agar well diffusion method. A zone of inhibition of 12±0.2, and 11±0.4 mm was obtained against Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilis, whereas against E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. abony it was found to be 14±0.4, 18±0.3, and 12±0.2 mm respectively at 75 mg/mL dose, showing appreciable antibacterial activity.

Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye by Promising Zinc Copper Ferrite Nanoparticles for Wastewater Treatment

In this work, crystalline copper-zinc ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized by a simple co-precipitation method. Morphological characterization of produced samples was done using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). A transmission electron microscope (TEM) was utilised for further identification and confirmation of the particle morphology and size. Moreover, Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) was employed to examine crystalline structure, chemical structure, and surface area respectively. Optical properties were examined by UV–Vis spectroscopy. The results indicate that the Zn0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles’ crystallite size was 28.5 nm. The experiments focused on the impact of various factors, such as pH levels, initial MB concentration, and nanocatalyst dosage, on the observed photocatalytic efficiency. The photocatalytic performance of Zn0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles under UV light was evaluated by decolorization of Methylene Blue (MB) azo dye. Photocatalysis degradation of 10 ppm of MB adding 15 mg of Zn0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles was 94% after 135 min at room temperature and pH value of 9. Further interpretation was carried out and a proposed mechanism for the MB photodegradation by Zn0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles was suggested.

Enhanced hydrogen storage capacity of graphene oxide through doping with copper ferrite nanoparticles

AbstractThe aim of this study was to prepare and characterize nanocomposites consisting of graphene oxide (GO) and copper ferrite (CuFe2O4) in different doping ratios (1%‐5%) and investigate their potential for storing hydrogen gas. The prepared nanocomposites were characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TEM. The results showed that hydrogen storage at 20°C was not possible with GO alone, but the incorporation of different proportions of copper ferrite nanoparticles significantly improved the hydrogen storage properties of the composite materials. The optimal percentage of copper ferrite was found to be around 3%, and it was observed that the percentage of ferrite added is crucial in determining the hydrogen storage properties of the nanocomposites. The best hydrogen storage value of 3.3% was achieved at a temperature of 20°C and a pressure of 80 bar within just 60 seconds. The adsorption of the composite material was found to be of the second type, with a re‐creation coefficient greater than 0.97 for all the materials tested, indicating favorable adsorption. The b value was up to 0, further confirming the favorable adsorption. Overall, the results demonstrate that the incorporation of copper ferrite nanoparticles can significantly improve the hydrogen storage properties of graphene oxide, and careful selection of the doping ratio is necessary to achieve the optimal performance. These findings have potential implications for the development of efficient hydrogen storage materials for clean energy applications.