This study investigates the dynamic response of an infinite structure comprising two coaxial cylinders employing the one-relaxation-time generalized thermoelastic diffusion model. The inner cylinder, serving as a cavity, possessing a radius a, while the outer cylinder has radius b. The inner cylinder is insulated and experiencing a localized thermal load with thickness 2 h. The outer cylinder, with radius b, is also experiencing to a localized thermal load with width 2 h, and its surface exhibits no traction. Additionally, the structure experiences the influence of a solenoidal body force. The analysis of this problem employs a combination of Laplace transform, inverse Laplace transform, and exponential Fourier transform techniques. Numerical analysis of the resulting solutions reveals the variations in temperature, displacement, radial stress, concentration, and potential fields as a function of the radial coordinate. Results indicate a minimal impact of the time interval on the temperature distribution, while displacement and radial stress exhibit significant time-dependent behavior. These findings highlight the significance of incorporating thermoelastic diffusion theory in the analysis of real-world engineering problems.