Cooperative Housing Societies Research Articles

Evolution of Various Legal Dimensions for Flat-buyers in Bharat

This paper delves into the dynamic landscape of laws regulating the rights and responsibilities of flat buyers in India, tracing the evolution of the legal framework from its inception to the present day. The journey unfolds against the backdrop of India's rapidly growing real estate sector, characterized by its multifaceted challenges and opportunities. The study encompasses an in-depth examination of key legislations, judicial precedents, and policy interventions that have shaped the rights and protections afforded to flat buyers. Beginning with an exploration of early property laws, the paper elucidates the factors that necessitated specialized regulations governing the purchase of flats and apartments. The advent of cooperative housing societies and the Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016, marks significant milestones in this evolution, with an emphasis on consumer protection, transparency, and accountability. The analysis extends to the interplay between statutory provisions and evolving judicial interpretations, highlighting landmark cases that have influenced the legal landscape. Furthermore, the paper investigates the impact of technological advancements, such as online property transactions and blockchain, on the legal aspects of flat purchases. It scrutinizes the role of digitization in enhancing transparency, reducing fraud, and expediting dispute resolution mechanisms. The study also considers the challenges and gaps in the existing legal framework, offering insights into potential areas for reform. Issues like delays in project completion, ambiguous contractual terms, and the efficacy of dispute resolution mechanisms are examined through a critical lens. Additionally, the paper sheds light on the role of consumer awareness and education in empowering flat buyers to make informed decisions. In conclusion, the Evolution of Law for Flat Buyers in India is a comprehensive analysis that not only maps the historical development of legal frameworks but also provides a forward-looking perspective on potential reforms and innovations. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the legal dynamics surrounding flat purchases, offering valuable insights for policymakers, legal practitioners, and stakeholders in the real estate industry.

Determinants of Members’ Loyalty in Cooperative Housing Societies in Lahore

This is going to be first ever study that aims to explore phenomenon of loyalty of members in Cooperatives in Pakistan. Cooperatives are unique enterprises in terms of their business model, working on the seven principles of Cooperatives. Members’ participation is the significant element in the functioning of a Cooperatives and this model is getting attention in the emerging economies around the globe. In Pakistan, especially in the Province of the Punjab, 33000+ Cooperative organizations, 255 out of which are Cooperative Housing Societies, play a vital role in different areas of life. In order to ascertain the inclination of the members, who are also consumers in management terms, towards cooperatives, 03 Cooperative Housing Coops i.e. The Cooperative Model Town Society Ltd. Lahore, The State Enterprise Cooperative Housing Society Ltd. Lahore and PASCO Employees Cooperative Housing Society Ltd. Lahore were chosen as research site. Four Proposition i.e Satisfaction, Perceived value, Response to change, and trust were formed and were looked into so as to assess their role on loyalty. Hence, a qualitative approach was adopted. Thematic Analysis was carried out on the data/information retrieved through interviews. It was observed that that perceived value, resistance to change and trust have been treated as important towards members’ loyalty. However, proposition of satisfaction was given little significance. This study gives a future direction of the research in Cooperatives besides providing an insight into managerial implications of the Cooperative Organizations as service providers as well as of cooperative members.

Differentiated Rehabilitation and the Geographies of Unfreedom in Post-Colonial Bombay

Abstract The “refugee crisis” after the 1947 Partition of British India generated new contestations over urban resources, especially for securing accommodation. It resulted in a proliferation of encampment laws and policies with outcomes at multiple levels: city, neighborhood, and community. This article traces the uneven geographies produced by Bombay’s encampment laws and the (spatial) politics of refugee rehabilitation. It focuses on the state’s use of “camps” to segregate impoverished refugees and consolidate the urban periphery. The article explores the interplay between law, space, and property to illustrate how refugee entitlements created and sustained various forms of power and precarity in the metropolis. Refugee camps provided “conditional access” to shelter for indigent Sindhi refugees and became markers of social identification. Middle-class Sindhi refugees, on the other hand, secured their place in the city by establishing cooperative housing societies. This article highlights how caste and regional distinctions in pre-Partition Sindh translated into class-based spatial divisions among the displaced Sindhis in post-colonial Bombay.

INVESTIGATING THE FACTORS IMPACTING THE ADOPTION OF SOLAR WATER HEATERS AMONG THE RESIDENTS OF COOPERATIVE HOUSING SOCIETIES- STUDY CONDUCTED IN CITIES OF INDIA

According to U. S. Energy Department, water heating accounts for about 18% to 25% of household energy consumption. World today faces energy security problems due to its demand and supply disruptions. Using solar energy for water heating becomes a good option. Solar energy is renewable, clean and green thus its usage helps in sustainable development. This research paper tries to identify the factors impacting the adoption of solar water heaters among the residents of Cooperative Housing Societies (CHSs) in six cities of India these factors will help the manufacturers/suppliers of solar water heaters to frame marketing strategies for adoption and augmenting the sales of these products.

Flying below the radar: England’s early co-operative and co-partnership tenant societies today

Ten co-operative housing societies established in the period immediately before the First World War continue to operate today, providing inexpensive rental accommodation to their tenant-members. Their survival is remarkable, particularly as they have almost no knowledge of the other remaining societies and no relationship with the mainstream co-operative housing movement. Although each society has evolved its own ways of operating, all maintain structures which remain recognisably co-operative. The challenges they have faced, for example in avoiding demutualisation, in building adequate governance structures, and in reconciling individual member interests with the collective interests of the whole society, provide valuable lessons, particularly for today’s community-led housing initiatives.

Effect of Cooperative Housing Societies Accommodation on International Students in India

International students studying in India are being confronted by enormous challenge associated with getting accommodation in India. The current trends emanating from cooperative housing societies rules and regulations change are impacting International students’ comfort in inconvenience ways. The objectives of this research paper are: to identify the causes of the stringent and draconian rules and regulations that are being enforced by cooperative housing societies, and to identify the effects impacted on the international students’ wellbeing. The research strategy uses Primary quantitative research approach. It consists of primary data from two questionnaires gathered from respondents of both landlords(Flat Owners) and International students respectively in Pune, India. The data gathered was used to analyse the causes and effects of accommodation in cooperative housing societies on International Students in India. The sample data consists of 50 Landlords(Flat owners) in cooperative housing societies and 185 International Students respectively in India. The questionnaires were circulated online through Google Form to 100 and 200 respondents respectively and received 50 and 185 responses respectively from them. The survey data indicate that the most accommodation challenges confronting International Students in India were influenced by, first, Constant Rent Increment by landlords(Flat Owners); second, the Cooperative Housing Society's rules and regulations for foreign nationals; and lastly total abandonment by both institution(college) and Foreigners Regional Registration Officer (FRRO) in getting an apartment. Keywords: cooperative housing societies, accommodation, International students.

The Goal of Housing for All As Envisaged By the UN Habitat Agenda: A Case Study of Cooperative Housing Societies in Pakistan

Pakistan is member of UN Habitat agenda under which housing for all is the goal of all member states. In pursuance of this goal housing has been acknowledged under the Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan 1973 in the chapter of principles of policy. It is beyond of financial resources of the Government of Pakistan to provide housing units to all the citizens of Pakistan. To achieve the goal of housing for all, private sector has been encouraged to provide housing units to the people of Pakistan. But, due to a weak Legal Framework to regulate the activities of the developers of the housing industry, there are malpractices and frauds in the housing industry of Pakistan which are committed by the management of the cooperative housing societies. This article deals with the major problems faced by the cooperative housing societies along with the recommendations to strengthen the Legal Framework relating to cooperative housing societies. Secondary data has been used to make critical analysis of the regulatory regime of cooperative housing societies. The aims and purposes of this article includes to provide input the legislature as well as regulatory authorities to amend and strengthen the Legal Framework relating to cooperative housing societies in Pakistan.

Registration Laws of Housing Developers: A Major Obstacle in Achieving the Goal of Housing for All in Pakistan

Among other housing developers, the major housing developers are private housing companies and cooperative housing societies, these housing developers can become very effective to achieve the goal of housing for all, but unfortunately, these two have been used to do massive corruption in the housing industry of Pakistan. The major reason is that the legal framework, which is meant to regulate the housing developers, has become an instrument at the hands of housing developers of the housing to commit corruption in the housing industry. These housing developers can become very effective to achieve the goal of housing for all if some suitable amendments are introduced, and the legal framework is strengthened

Membership Positions and Problems Faced by Housing Cooperative Societies

Cooperative action is being increasingly recognized as an ideal mechanism for securing the involvement of the people and for utilizing their self-help in the whole process of home building. Cooperatives allow members to pool resources to achieve greater benefits than they could as individuals. Cooperation in its literal sense means working together. However, in a technical sense, the term means working together for some economic pursuit, but based on certain basic principles and values. These essentially include idea of self help, mutual aid and defence of the poor against exploitation. This paper indeed concentrates on the borrowers preferences in selecting Cooperative Housing Societies as their agency and in turn the problems faced by the societies during distribution of loans.

El enunciado de Súmula 602 del Tribunal Superior de Justicia de Brasil, del 22 de febrero de 2018 y la afrenta al acto cooperativo

La presente investigación busca analizar el enunciado de Súmula núm. 602 del Tribunal Superior de Justicia de Brasil, aprobado el 26 de febrero de 2018, donde se sostiene que el Código de Defensa del Consumidor es aplicable a los emprendimientos inmobiliarios promovidos por una sociedad cooperativa. Como ese texto resulta aplicable a los casos similares que estén bajo la jurisdicción de dicho tribunal y debe servir de base de juicio para los tribunales inferiores, es necesario advertir que la decisión contraviene el derecho cooperativo y omite las características peculiares entre las cooperativas de vivienda y sus socios, calificando forzadamente esta relación como de consumo. De ahí que sea necesario indagar en la especificidad que tiene el derecho cooperativo para distinguir la especial relación que se da entre las cooperativas y sus socios; así evidenciar el equívoco y el perjuicio que referida decisión jurisprudencial tendrá a futuro para las sociedades cooperativas de vivienda. Resulta igualmente necesario revisar las reglas del proceso civil y del Reglamento Interno del Tribunal Superior de Justicia para verificar la posibilidad de alterar esta negativa jurisprudencia sentada respecto de las cooperativas de vivienda.

English

This study evaluated the different constraints of affordable housing and the different strategies employed by cooperative housing societies in tertiary institutions in Lagos State to ameliorate these constraints. Data for the study were obtained from both primary and secondary sources. A set of questionnaire were designed. The questionnaire targeted the executives of the cooperative societies in the tertiary institutions in Lagos state and was administered using simple random sampling technique on executives of the cooperative societies in the tertiary institutions. A total of 50 executives of cooperative societies in the tertiary institutions in Lagos state were selected for questionnaire administration. Information were obtained on respondents’ profile, type of cooperative societies, activities of the cooperative societies, methods of housing provision and the challenges faced by the cooperative societies in housing provision. Information was obtained from secondary data including: journals, publications and internet materials. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques of data analysis were employed. Results revealed that the provision of general loans, provision of housing construction loan for members, provision of specific loans for the purchase of land, provision of special loans for renovation of existing buildings and collective purchase of land for building construction were the most dominant strategies adopted by the cooperative societies in the provision of affordable housing for their members in the study area. Result also revealed that cost of materials of construction and unnecessary bureaucracy were the most significant constraints to affordable housing provision by the cooperative societies in the study area. The study concluded that non availability of affordable housing is an issue across the state irrespective of the class and people with the low income earners facing the problem the most. The study recommended that dedicated recurrent funding by the government could systematically address the issue. Key words: Affordable housing, cooperative societies, housing, housing constraint, Lagos State, tertiary institutions.

Do Functional Problems and Neighborhood Disturbances in and around the Home Trigger Injuries?

The study has tried to identify whether poor self-rated health and home and neighbourhood environmental problems trigger injuries. The study used data from the Life & Health year 2008 survey, a postal questionnaire administered by Statistics Sweden in five administrative regions in central Sweden (Uppsala, S?dermanland, ?rebro, Varmland and V?stmanland). A random sample of 1,060,032 respondents aged 18 - 79 years had participated in the study. ?rebro and Varmland region had the highest proportions of injuries. People at their age between 18 to 24 years—males—tobacco and alcohol addicted had the highest proportions of injuries. Environmental factors such as disturbances in and around home had emerged as major triggering factors for injuries. Physical functional problems such as problem of buying own food, cooking, dressing-up and walking had been emerged as very strong predicting factors of injuries. Policy makers in Sweden could identify the poor neighborhood, disturb living condition through the housing companies and the cooperative housing societies to control injuries and promote safety.

Community, Urban Citizenship and Housing in Bombay, ca. 1919–1980

From the late 1910s onward, co-operative housing societies in cities like Bombay offered affordable housing by using the agency of community to protect against the vicissitudes of the market. At the same time, ideas of urban citizenship premised on the liberal individual received greater attention with a broadened franchise and became increasingly linked to social rights such as affordable housing. While the community and the individual are seen as opposed to one another in the discourse of citizenship, this paper suggests that they mutually informed and constituted one another between 1919 and 1980 in ways that have enduring significance for understandings of urban citizenship.

The rise and decline of the New South Wales cooperative housing societies

In the past, New South Wales cooperative housing societies made an important contribution to the financing of housing construction. In this paper the expansion and later contraction of the societies is explained. It is shown that, in recent times, not only have they suffered from a drying up of loan funding, but also a great number have operated at far below their possible level of efficiency.

A Long‐run Analysis of Cooperative Housing Societies and Housing Construction in Victoria, Australia

Housing construction is an important component of economic development. The use of cooperative housing societies is one means of channelling scarce financial resources to housing construction. The aim of this paper is to explore the causes of the rapid growth and subsequent decline of the cooperative housing societies as a source of housing finance in the State of Victoria in Australia during the years 1947 to 1992. Significant evidence is established of a strong relationship between the availability of funding for the societies and the growth of their assets. Mixed results are presented for the impact on the general level of housing construction.

A History Of The Co-Operative Housing Societies In Victoria, 1944 – 1996

During the 1950s co-operative housing societies were one of the most important sources of housing finance in Victoria. Since then they have declined in relative importance to the banks and building societies and today look like they are on the verge of extinction. This article traces the history of these institutions and gives reasons for their decline in recent years.