Cooperative Model Research Articles

Cooperativism as pedagogy: Conversation with Gustavo Machado a lecturer and researcher from Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad de la República

This conversation with Gustavo Machado discusses the role of cooperativism as a pedagogical process in Uruguay. Machado emphasizes how cooperatives serve as models for housing production and transformative social learning processes, embedding collective action and mutual aid into daily life. He distinguishes between housing, habitat, and inhabitation, advocating for a broader understanding of living that transcends physical structures and integrates social, cultural, and communal dimensions. Our conversation delves into the political significance of cooperatives in the face of neoliberalism, positioning them as alternatives to market-based housing models. Machado discusses the challenges cooperatives face, such as state regulation and the need for flexibility in adapting to changing life circumstances. He also reflects on his personal experiences growing up in a cooperative during Uruguay's dictatorship, which shaped his political and professional views. The article highlights the intersection of cooperativism with broader social movements, such as gender equality and mental health, and the importance of international dialogue in expanding cooperative housing models across Latin America.

6.I. Round table: Strengthening preparedness for public health emergencies: lessons learned and future perspectives

Abstract In the face of intensifying global health threats, robust health security measures in Europe and worldwide have never been more pressing. The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the critical need for coordinated action, adaptive strategies, and robust collaborative mechanisms to effectively respond to emerging infectious diseases and other public health emergencies. This workshop serves as a platform to examine the multifaceted landscape of health security actors, focusing on collaborative initiatives and lessons learned from recent crises. By convening experts and stakeholders from across Europe, the workshop aims to achieve several key objectives: i) To provide an overview of collaborative initiatives established to strengthen European and international health security. By showcasing successful models of cooperation, participants will gain insights into effective strategies for fostering collaboration among diverse stakeholders. ii) Emphasize the role of European and international institutions, such as the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO), in supporting states both in coordinating regional response efforts and in developing the necessary health workforce competencies and capabilities to respond to health emergencies. iii) Drawing on experiences from recent health emergencies, including outbreaks of high-risk pathogens, such as Ebola, the workshop will facilitate a critical examination of lessons learned. Through interactive discussions, participants will identify challenges, best practices, and opportunities for enhancing preparedness and response capacity. iv) By interactive presentations and panel discussions, the workshop will provide a platform for knowledge exchange and networking among participants. By sharing experiences, expertise, and innovative approaches, participants will contribute to a collective understanding of the challenges and opportunities in strengthening health security. This workshop seeks to illuminate key strategies, capacity-building efforts, and real-world lessons learnt that contribute to enhancing response capabilities to public health emergencies. Participants will gain a deeper understanding of emergency participation mechanisms, essential skills required, and available training resources to enhance preparedness. Key messages • Collaboration and adaptive strategies are essential for strengthening international health security in the face of emerging infectious diseases and other public health emergencies. • Lessons learned from recent crises provide valuable insights into effective response strategies and opportunities for enhancing preparedness and response capacity.

A novel model for rural household photovoltaic market trading: Utilizing cooperative alliances within a peer-to-peer framework

In the face of diminishing traditional subsidy models and the constraints of grid-dependent transactions, this study explores trading models as a catalyst for rural electrification and sustainable development in China. Highlighting the emergence of rural photovoltaic (PV) prosumers, we propose trading models through cooperative alliances to facilitate market engagement within a peer-to-peer (P2P) framework. By applying the Shapley value for the equitable distribution of internal revenues, the study elucidates the complex interrelations between rural prosumers and the electrical grid, fostering a better understanding of their mutual interests. Further, we introduce a dynamic game-theoretic model to investigate the evolving market behaviors under diverse strategic influences among rural prosumer groups and the grid. Using numerical simulations based on real-world data from Shanghang County, Fujian Province, we analyze surplus and deficit electricity production scenarios within these alliances. The findings underscore the effectiveness of the cooperative alliance trading model in aligning individual, collective, and societal benefits. This comparative analysis of strategic outcomes validates the model's feasibility and role in advancing sustainable rural electrification strategies.

Stability of Certain Non-Autonomous Cooperative Systems of Difference Equations with the Application to Evolutionary Dynamics

This paper investigates the dynamics of non-autonomous cooperative systems of difference equations with asymptotically constant coefficients. We are mainly interested in global attractivity results for such systems and the application of such results to evolutionary population cooperation models. We use two methods to extend the global attractivity results for autonomous cooperative systems to related non-autonomous cooperative systems which appear in recent problems in evolutionary dynamics.

Entrepreneurial University governance: The case of a Cooperative University

AbstractThis article presents a case study of the Cooperative University of Mondragon to explore the intricate processes through which higher education institutions (HEIs) adopt an entrepreneurial university (EU) framework across their three core missions: teaching, research, and community outreach. Using a qualitative research design, this study examines the organizational strategies that Mondragon University’s engineering faculty (MGEP) employs to embrace entrepreneurial behaviors (EBs), specifically by building on its peculiar cooperative governance model. The findings shed light on how MGEP, as a prominent example, leverages a long-term vision that centers its decision-making processes on entrepreneurship and the management tools and governance elements that favor collective participation and intrinsic motivation. This research advances our understanding of the evolving landscape of higher education and its entrepreneurial drift in the following ways: (1) by addressing the need for further exploration of governance in EUs; (2) by complementing existing studies on the role of university leadership in the adoption of EBs; and (3) by identifying strategies to overcome inherent barriers within large organizations that impede universities from being entrepreneurial. Overall, this study offers practical implications for the adoption of EBs in HEIs.

Regional electricity cooperation model for cost-effective electricity management with an emphasis on economic efficiency

Effectively reducing the total electricity cost while ensuring its overall efficiency is vital for the sustainable development of power systems. Herein, we develop a regional cooperation optimization model to enhance the existing power cost model. This is achieved by incorporating power trading scenarios and pollution considerations, leveraging the distinct characteristics of power generation costs from various sources. The developed regional cooperation optimization model simultaneously accounts for production efficiency and overall power costs, ensuring equitable distribution and compensation of benefits among cooperating entities. In addition, the key findings indicate that the interregional cooperation optimization model significantly reduces the total cost of electricity operations in China. Specifically, during the 11th five-year plan period, the total electricity cost in China exhibited a noteworthy decline of USD 50,876 million owing to multi-objective cooperative optimization, constituting 25.99% of the total electricity cost compared with the preoptimization period. This study identifies the eastern and western regions as principal contributors to the cost savings achieved by the interregional cooperative optimization model. Simultaneously, recognizing their significant contributions, it is recommended that the eastern and western regions provide additional cost compensation to other regions to ensure the long-term viability of the cooperative alliance.

Enhancing distribution system stability and efficiency through multi‐power supply startup optimization for new energy integration

AbstractThis paper addresses the challenge of maximizing power capture from new energy sources, including coal, wind, solar, and hydroelectric power, which often lack sufficient inertia support. This deficiency can lead to frequency instability and cascading failures within the power system. A cooperative optimization model for the start‐up of multiple power supplies, designed to enhance the integration of new energy sources while maintaining system stability is proposed. The model incorporates primary frequency modulation and the intrinsic inertia support capabilities of self‐synchronous voltage source field stations, considering dynamic frequency constraints. Additionally, it employs new energy units with primary frequency modulation to provide inertia support during curtailment, particularly when conventional units cannot meet frequency standards due to existing constraints. Extensive simulations and comparative analyses demonstrate that the proposed model improves new energy utilization by up to 37.5% and reduces operational costs by approximately 16%, enhancing overall operational efficiency in high energy consumption scenarios.

Research on the "Dual System" Talent Cultivation Model of School-Enterprise Cooperation

Taking the packaging planning and design major as the research object, this paper focuses on the application of the "dual system" talent cultivation model of school-enterprise cooperation. By deeply analyzing relevant educational theories and extensively collecting and studying practical cases at home and abroad, the purpose is to comprehensively and deeply reveal the significant advantages of this cultivation model in improving the practical ability of packaging major students and enhancing their adaptability to the rapidly changing market demands. On this basis, this research further discusses the challenges and problems faced by this model in the implementation process from multiple dimensions, such as the depth and breadth of school-enterprise cooperation, the rationality of curriculum setting, and the effectiveness of practical teaching. At the same time, combined with the actual situation and development trends, a series of practical optimization strategies and constructive suggestions are put forward in a targeted manner to promote the more perfect and efficient operation of the "dual system" talent cultivation model in the packaging major and provide strong support and guarantee for cultivating high-quality packaging planning and design talents.

How to Realize the Collaborative Supply of Cultural Resource Big Data with Government Participation: Experiences from China

To foster the sustainable development of culture, particularly focusing on the preservation of cultural heritage, encompassing relics, intangible cultural heritage, and historical sites, China has launched a strategy for the digitalization of culture, with the goal of establishing a holistic national big data framework for cultural resources. To improve the efficiency of collaborative supply of cultural resource big data among various parties and to further advance the sustainable development of culture, this research has created a cooperative model that includes cultural institutions, a cultural resource big data service platform, and government participation. Our research findings, based on prospect theory and evolutionary game theory combined with Chinese practice, are presented below. (1) Various factors, including the coefficient of digital infrastructure empowerment, access charges for digital infrastructure, government penalties, and the probability of data leakage, have varying effects on the system in different states. (2) Once the industry has developed, the government can increase the impact of digital infrastructure empowerment to create stronger incentives, rather than relying solely on rewards or penalties. (3) When the value level of cultural resource big data is high, the benefit distribution coefficient does not affect the system evolution results. Finally, we offer practical insights for the government, cultural organizations, and cultural resource big data service platforms based on our research results. Our research offers Chinese insights for global cultural sustainable development.

Evolution strategies for collaborative governance of marine microplastic pollution from the industry-research integration perspective

IntroductionMarine microplastics, are widely distributed in the global marine environment, posing a challenging issue that requires the joint efforts of global stakeholders.MethodsTo effectively address the issue of marine microplastic pollution (MMP) governance and analyze the dynamic changes in governance willingness of various participants under different scenarios, this paper meticulously constructs a game theory framework encompassing polluting enterprises, research institutions, and environmental organizations. Results(1) On the political level, the implementation of continuous and strong economic penalty mechanisms is an effective means to deter enterprises from evading MMP governance responsibilities. However, the effective execution of this strategy highly depends on the participation and supervision of environmental organizations. Therefore, it is essential to assign more roles and responsibilities to environmental organizations to ensure the thorough execution of governance measures. (2) On the technical level, the effectiveness of research directly determines the functional status of enterprises and research institutions in the MMP governance decision-making system. Weaker entities tend to make decisions following the behavioral preferences of dominant entities. Thus, deepening the integration of industry and research and fully unleashing the effectiveness of research outcomes in MMP governance is a key path to enhancing overall governance efficiency and effectiveness. (3) On the economic level, high governance costs often become a significant factor limiting the enthusiasm of all parties to participate. However, when innovative cooperation models achieve cost sharing and benefit sharing, the governance willingness of participants significantly increases. It is evident that optimizing resource allocation, improving the efficiency of fund utilization, and establishing a diversified and sustainable funding guarantee mechanism are crucial for advancing the in-depth progress of MMP governance. DiscussionIn summary, this study not only provides profound theoretical insights into the interaction relationships and behavioral choices of multiple stakeholders in MMP governance but also offers practical strategic recommendations for constructing an efficient and collaborative governance system.

Compensation Mechanism for Ecological Diversity Governance in Chinese River Basins Application Based on Low-Carbon Water Quality Game Theory

Background: Taking the construction of ecological civilization as an important core of the overall layout of the “Five in One” and the coordinated promotion of the “Four Comprehensives” strategic layout, combined with the global concept of ecological environment governance, provides a new direction for the reform and innovation of China’s watershed ecological compensation system through diversified governance. Subjects and methods: This article focuses on ecological compensation in river basins, exploring collaborative cooperation models between upstream and downstream of the basin under the dual constraints of “low-carbon” and “water quality”, to achieve a “win-win” situation between the ecological environment of the basin and all parties involved in basin protection. Based on the theory of evolutionary game theory, the indicators of “carbon emissions” and “water quality” are introduced to construct a diversified ecological co-governance compensation strategy model for the watershed. By exploring the optimal strategies among various entities in the upstream and downstream of the watershed. Results: (1) In the initial stage, the optimal strategy for ecological compensation in the watershed among stakeholders cannot achieve a stable balance through their evolution; (2) In the mature stage, based on the regulation of the superior government, interest subjects will choose a mutual supervision strategy to avoid bearing high penalties, to achieve Pareto effectiveness in achieving a stable overall economy of the basin; (3) By paying for high-quality resources from downstream and implementing carbon trading among basin entities, we can promote internal resource digestion, reduce intermediate transaction costs, and deeply promote the overall green and sustainable development of the basin. Through analysis, it has been proven that the conclusion is effective, providing decision support for the diversified co-governance of watershed ecosystems. Based on building an ecological community with a shared future in the watershed, we aim to achieve the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind.

Stochastic Differential Games of Carbon Emission Reduction in the Four-Tier Supply Chain System Based on Reference Low-Carbon Level

This paper takes corporate social responsibility goodwill and consumers’ reference low-carbon level as endogenous variables of joint carbon emission reduction in the “supplier–manufacturer–retailer–consumer” supply chain system. The joint carbon emission reduction strategies of this four-tier system are analyzed from a dynamic perspective by considering random factors that affect the endogenous variables. Three stochastic differential games are proposed to examine the mechanism between each player, namely the cooperative model, Nash non-cooperative model, and Stackelberg master–slave model. Compared to the Nash non-cooperative game, the manufacturer/supplier-led Stackelberg master–slave game leads to Pareto improvement in the profits of the entire supply chain system and each player. The cooperative game demonstrates the highest expected emission reduction and corporate social responsibility goodwill, but also the highest variance. More importantly, the reference low-carbon level embraces consumers’ subjective initiative in the dynamic of carbon emission reduction. This level is an internal benchmark used to compare against the observed low-carbon level. This paper provides a theoretical foundation for strategic decision-making in emission reduction, contributing to sustainable development. By addressing environmental, economic, and social sustainability, it promotes climate action through carbon reduction strategies and offers policy recommendations aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals.

A Bibliometric Analysis of Publications on University-Industry Collaboration Using VOSviewer and R-biblioshiny

This bibliometric analysis studied the development trends, publication and citation counts, research themes and trends, and international cooperation models related to university-industry collaboration from 1970 to 2023. Firstly, using a broader set of search terms related to university-industry collaboration, we conducted a comprehensive search of the global literature from 1970 to 2023 in the Web of Science (WoS) database. Secondly, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, we ultimately selected 592 articles for analysis. Subsequently, we used VOSviewer and R-biblioshiny as analytical tools to extract and analyze relevant data from the selected articles. The study identified the most influential institutions, journals, authors, and countries in this field. Additionally, based on keyword co-occurrence analysis, research related to university-industry collaboration is distributed across five clusters: (1) innovation and technology transfer, (2) internships and work experience, (3) cooperative education and learning outcomes, (4) collaboration models and partnerships, and (5) collaboration barriers, challenges, and sustainability. Recent research has focused on themes such as technology transfer, barriers, benefits, and the motivations driving collaboration.

A Win-Win Relationship between China and Kazakhstan: Thinking Beyond Dependency

This article focuses on the economic cooperation between China and Kazakhstan from a win-win perspective. Kazakhstan’s geographical location and rich natural resources make it a strategic partner for regional and global actors. Dependency theory is often used to explain asymmetric and unequal relations between developed and developing countries. According to this theory, developing countries become dependent on developed countries, which hinders their economic development. However, it is argued that this traditional theory cannot fully explain only partially China and Kazakhstan. Economic cooperation between China and Kazakhstan has been analyzed through trade relations, investment flows, and significant infrastructure projects. These projects reinforce not only financial but also political and cultural interactions. Dependency theory cannot fully understand the relations between China and Kazakhstan, characterized by mutual benefit and win-win situations. China’s investments in Kazakhstan and Kazakhstan’s multi-vector foreign policy approach reveal a cooperation model that serves the interests of both countries. China’s BRI initiative and Kazakhstan’s Nurly Zhol program are concrete examples of cooperation between the two countries. This article goes beyond the boundaries of traditional dependency theory and offers a new perspective based on mutual benefit and win-win relationships.

Letting losses be lessons: Human-machine cooperation in maritime transport

Navigation safety has been a critical guarantee of global shipping, and it becomes more challenging given the increasing employment of advanced technologies and novel ship design in the era of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS). The human-centred risk analysis of human-machine cooperation is scarce in general and emerging in maritime transport in specific. This paper aims to develop a new approach enabling the analysis of significant risk influencing factors (RIFs) in human-machine cooperation through an in-depth investigation of the occurred mistakes and violations in the cooperative operations of seafarers and machines in maritime transport. Its novelties consist of (1) a novel approach to analysing and quantifying the connectivity between humans and machines in safety-critical operations, (2) new integration of the frequency and impact of RIFs in the human-machine cooperation model, and (3) ultilisation of graph theory to generate a network to analyse critical human-machine RIFs and their interactions with the system. The connectivity analysis of RIFs is conducted through a weighted undirected network, showing the features of RIF connectivity accommodating the closed-loop system. The proposed novel approach, which combines the frequency and impact features to identify critical RIFs and analyses graphical features, will aid to realise the human-centred risk analysis for MASS. The findings make contributions for ship designers to rationalise the clustering design of function-based automation and training organisations to improve seafarer skills by rationally considering the identified risk-based human-machine cooperation features, and providing new competence schemes that can fit the demands of MASS in future.

A cooperative relaxation model with two physical parameters for investigating the temperature and cure dependence of relaxation mechanisms in resins

Modeling the relaxation properties of resin matrix during cure plays an important role in predicting process-induced residual stresses and final distortions of resin-based composites. This paper develops a physical characterization model, which explains the temperature and cure-degree dependence of relaxation behaviors in terms of the size of cooperatively rearranging region, and special emphasis is placed on investigating the general physical mechanism of cure degree affecting the relaxation properties. In this model, the relaxation time is governed by a modified Adam-Gibbs equation, which is extended here to include the cure dependence. In addition, the relaxation modulus is modeled in a chemo-rheologically simple manner (CSM) based on the free volume theory. Material characterization is carried out using experimental data of two typical resins. It is shown that two cure-dependent model parameters, i.e., the smallest size of the cooperatively rearranging region and the glass transition temperature, are sufficient in accounting for the effect of cure on the relaxation modulus, and could provide a physical explanation of the influence of cure on relaxation behaviors. Furthermore, the proposed model is numerically realized by incorporating ABAQUS with UMAT subroutine, and its validity in predicting the residual stresses and final distortion of composites is also numerically verified by comparing with the results available in literature.

Analysis of co-operative irrigation farming and household food security in Africa: A PRISMA model approach

This study provides a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the relationship between co-operative irrigation farming and household food security in Africa. The research aims to identify key studies, authors, and thematic clusters, analyse the geographical distribution of research efforts, and evaluate the impact of co-operative irrigation farming on food security indicators. Utilizing the PRISMA model, data were systematically gathered from peer-reviewed publications indexed in the Dimensions database, focusing on materials published between 2019 and 2023. The study employed both bibliometric and descriptive-quantitative methodologies to analyse the data. The results reveal a significant positive impact of co-operative irrigation farming on improving household food security across various regions in Africa. The findings highlight the need for targeted policy interventions and sustainable agricultural practices that support co-operative irrigation efforts. A growing scholarly attention toward co-operative irrigation farming and household food security in recent years reveals a potentiality in finding a sustainable solution to food insecurity challenge. These insights are essential for shaping future research and informing policies aimed at enhancing food security through co-operative farming models in the African context.

Improving Students Learning Outcomes through Implementing Make-a-Match Cooperative Model on Human Respiratory System Topic

The make-a-match cooperative model is a learning model in which the teacher prepares cards containing questions or problems and prepares answer cards, and then students look for their card pairs. The direct involvement of learners in the learning process will lead to the formation of knowledge and skills that will improve learning outcomes. Implementing the make-a-match learning model is more directed to the game because each learner can search for answers or pairs of question cards obtained more freely and actively. Science learning at MTs Negeri I Kubu Raya still needs to provide a pleasant learning experience. Students' interest in participating in science learning still needs to be higher. It impacts unsatisfactory learning outcomes, as seen from the many student learning outcomes below the Minimum Completion Criteria set by the school. This condition requires science learning that can encourage students to be directly involved and play an active role during learning so that the learning process can run well. The cooperative model of the match type is predicted to increase collaborative learning and student participation in a fun learning situation wrapped in a game situation. This model requires students to find question-answer pairs through interaction with friends in one class. This study aims to measure the improvement of students' learning outcomes in class VIII B MTs Negeri I Kubu Raya on the material of the human respiratory system using the make-a-match cooperative model. The research was conducted over two cycles, and each cycle consisted of two meetings with four stages: planning, action, observation, and reflection. The research subjects totalled 32 people, all of whom were female. Data collection techniques include observation and tests using observation sheet instruments and learning outcomes test questions that have been previously validated. The improvement in learning outcomes focused on this research is the improvement of cognitive learning outcomes. The data was presented as a percentage score of observation of the learning process of the match cooperative model and classical completeness. The results showed that the achievement of implementing the learning process using the make-a-match cooperative model was 100% in both the first and second cycles. The average learning outcome of students on human respiratory system material in the first cycle was 79.68 and increased to 84.84 in the second cycle. Activities carried out by students also increased in each cycle. The increase leads to the activeness or participation of students during learning. Based on the study's results, it can be concluded that learning using the make-a-match cooperative model can improve learning outcomes and students' activeness.

How Traditional Fishing Villages Move Towards Sustainable Management: A Case Study of Industrial Transformation and Multi-Party Governance Models

The purpose of this study is to explore the key roles and functions of institutions or organizations in the process of the spatial activation and industrial transformation of leisure fishing villages and to summarize this operating model. This study takes Xunpu Village, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province as the research object, which is well-known for its recreational fisheries. It mainly uses case study methods and uses on-site surveys and interviews to understand the formation time, spatial distribution, and business type information of the Zanhuawei shops in Xunpu Village. Zanhuawei, which refers to the traditional hairstyle of Xunpu women, was later applied for national intangible cultural heritage status in China. After the outbreak, the spread of Zanhuawei on the Internet inspired a large number of tourists to visit Xunpu Village to experience Zanhuawei. The study found that (1) Zanhuawei industry replaced traditional fishery and became the leading industry type in Xunpu Village. (2) The operating model led by the government and integrating public and private funds has had a stimulating effect on the revitalization of local commercial and residential space, and a large number of idle spaces have been reactivated. (3) The cooperation model between a large number of investors and local fisherwomen has completely changed the economic model of the village. Zanhuawei industry mobilized all official and media resources to promote spatial activation at various scales, including regions, settlements and commercial spaces.

A Systematic Review of Effective Models in School-Enterprise Cooperation in China in the English and Chinese Literature

Against the backdrop of globalization and rapid technological development, the traditional Technical & Vocational Education (TVE) system is facing more and more challenges. As a rapidly developing economy, China is also exploring effective paths in combining education and industry. School-Enterprise Cooperation(S-EC), as an emerging education method, aims to realize the effective docking of education resources and market demand through close cooperation between schools and enterprises. At present, Chinese scholars have conducted extensive research on the model of S-EC, however, few systematic reviews of related studies were carried out. The purpose of this paper is to examine and assess the relevant literature concerning effective S-EC models in the last ten years from 2015 to 2024. The review includes sources in both Chinese and English languages. The author conducted individual assessments of titles, abstracts, and complete texts according to predefined eligibility criteria. 15 studies that met the eligibility criteria were included in the reviewed systematic review. Effective S-EC models mentioned in these articles can be summarized and classified into three types: School-led Model, Enterprise-led Model and School-Enterprise Cooperation Model, of which each is subordinate to 3-4 specific cooperation models.