Health Cooperation Research Articles

Analysis of the mpox outbreak in Europe in 2022: vaccination rollout in the most affected countries

Abstract Background The mpox virus spreads through contact with infected material and causes flu-like symptoms and skin lesions. Common in Central and West Africa, a global rise in mpox cases in 2022 was observed, affecting mainly men who have sex with men. Methods The study analysed vaccination policies in the most affected WHO-EURO countries during the mpox outbreak, including the Netherlands, France, UK, Spain, Germany, Belgium, Portugal, and Switzerland. Epidemiological data from May to October 2022 (first wave) were compared. Additionally, the role of EU health institutions in assisting member states in controlling virus spread across the region was examined. Results By the end of May 2022, three countries (The Netherlands, France, and UK) initiated post-exposure vaccination shortly after the first case identification. Portugal, one of the most affected countries, implemented pre-exposure prophylaxis for high-risk groups by September, followed by Switzerland in November. Vaccination access for non-exposed priority groups varied, with France not requiring a medical prescription. EU cooperation in health was pivotal during the outbreak, with vaccines distributed through the EU4Health program budget via HERA to ensure preparedness. However, detailed information remains limited. Conclusions Countries’ responses to the mpox virus outbreak varied significantly, with discrepancies not always aligning with epidemiological data. These differences could stem from various factors, such as behavioural patterns, prior immunisation rates, and neighbouring countries’ policies. However, the unequal access to vaccines across the region underscores existing health disparities, particularly affecting stigmatised populations. Data on immunisation records were notably scarce in most countries, hindering thorough analysis of policy implementation and effectiveness. Additionally, further exploration is warranted into the role of LGBT associations and evidence of stigma surrounding the outbreak. Key messages • The mpox 2022 outbreak in Europe provides an important picture of cross-border health policies and public health responses for future emergences in a European cooperative environment. • Most national authorities provided limited information during the mpox 2022 outbreak; data on immunisation records and vaccine access is pivotal to assess countries’ health policies.

Culture for Health – Example from Serbia

Abstract Using the possibility of social prescribing at the community level integrates several sectors, primarily the health sector and the culture sector. The goal of this project was to strengthen intersectoral cooperation (culture and health) and consider the possibility of providing conditions in the local community for continuous prescribing of the culture ‘on prescription’. Institute for Public Health of Vojvodina invited Matica Srpska Gallery to participate together with the Novi Sad Healthcare Center in a unique project that connects culture and health. The ‘Culture on prescription - culture for health’ consisted of two phases: curatorial guidance and group workshops. Curatorial guidance means the selection of individual works of art whose narration is planned and methodologically adapted to different groups of participants and which evokes different feelings related to quality of life and health. The second part of the program consisted of workshops in the Museum, enriched with works of art and a pleasant atmosphere.The workshops are based on group analytical methods and participants had the opportunity to reflect their observations, experiences and feelings on individual works of art, and they often reflected with personal life experiences that were not only aesthetic, but also pleasant and therapeutic. Participants came in two sessions, with two different curatorial guides, carefully thematically prepared, and which were later the source for substantive reflection. The positive outcomes of these innovative workshops was confirmed through written and oral facts, through which the participants emphasized that the stay in the museum space was therapeutic in itself. The possibility of the so-called ‘depot’ or prolonged effect of the unique prescription was observed, emphasizing that the participation in the workshops left an impression on the participants and that they will stay with a positive feeling and pleasantness after receiving a ‘dose’ of culture for health.

(Re)constructing global health security and universal health coverage: norm contestation and interaction

Abstract To effectively tackle public health challenges, policy-makers increasingly advocate for aligning global health security (GHS) and universal health coverage (UHC), two influential norms driving international health cooperation. However, despite operating within overlapping spheres of governance, the normative histories linking GHS and UHC remain relatively unexplored in the literature. This article examines how GHS and UHC have been (re)constructed—from distinct policy sectors to synergistic norm regimes—through repeated contestation and interaction. Utilizing the ‘norm life-cycle’ framework to trace development across three stages (emergence, tipping-point/cascade and internalization), this study discursively analyses key texts from major crises and international agreements spanning several decades to unpack how norms and their underlying discourses and core functions have influenced each other as they evolved. The findings illustrate that GHS and UHC norms would be better understood as dynamic ‘processes’ rather than static concepts. The article concludes that GHS and UHC norms have shaped each other more significantly than previous scholarship suggests, characterizing them as continuously evolving, closely interlinked and increasingly integrated. This work contributes not only to the broader scholarship on international norms theory, but also offers pragmatic implications for navigating normative development where multiple norms compete for influence amid ever-shifting priorities.

Health system resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic: A comparative analysis of disruptions in care from 32 countries.

To quantify disruptions in hospitalization and ambulatory care throughout the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic for 32 countries, and examine associations of health system characteristics and COVID-19 response strategies on disruptions. We utilized aggregated inpatient hospitalization and surgical procedure data from the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Health Database from 2010 to 2021. Covariate data were extracted from the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Health Database, World Health Organization, and Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker. This is a descriptive study using time-series analyses to quantify the annual effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on non-COVID-19 hospitalizations for 20 diagnostic categories and 15 surgical procedures. We compared expected hospitalizations had the pandemic never occurred in 2020-2021, estimated using autoregressive integrated moving average modeling with data from 2010 to 2019, with observed hospitalizations. Observed-to-expected ratios and missed hospitalizations were computed as measures of COVID-19 impact. Mixed linear models were employed to examine associations between hospitalization observed-to-expected ratios and covariates. The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with 16,300,000 (95% uncertainty interval 14,700,000-17,900,000; 18.0% [16.5%-19.4%]) missed hospitalizations in 2020. Diseases of the respiratory (-2,030,000 [-2,300,000 to -1,780,000]), circulatory (-1,680,000 [-1,960,000 to -1,410,000]), and musculoskeletal (-1,480,000 [-1,720,000 to -1,260,000]) systems contributed most to the declines. In 2021, there were an additional 14,700,000 (95% uncertainty interval 13,100,000-16,400,000; 16.3% [14.9%-17.9%]) missed hospitalizations. Total healthcare workers per capita (β = 1.02 [95% CI 1.00, 1.04]) and insurance coverage (β = 1.05 [1.02, 1.09]) were associated with fewer missed hospitalizations. Stringency index (β = 0.98 [0.98, 0.99]) and excess all-cause deaths (β = 0.98 [0.96, 0.99]) were associated with more missed hospitalizations. There was marked cross-country variability in disruptions to hospitalizations and ambulatory care. Certain health system characteristics appeared to be more protective, such as insurance coverage, and number of inputs including healthcare workforce and beds. Substantial disruptions in health services associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic have placed a renewed interest in health system resilience. While there is a growing body of evidence documenting disruptions in services, there are limited comparative assessments across diverse countries with different health system designs, preparedness levels, and public health responses. Learning and adapting from health system-specific gaps and challenges highlighted by the pandemic will be critical for improving resilience. All countries experienced disruptions to hospitalizations and surgical procedures with a combined total of 30 million missed hospitalizations and 4 million missed surgical procedures in 2020-2021, but there was marked cross-country heterogeneity in disruptions. Countries with greater baseline healthcare workers, insurance coverage, and hospital beds had disproportionately lower disruptions in care. National health planning discussions may need to balance health system resiliency and efficiency to avert preventable morbidity and mortality.

RESSECÇÃO DE AMELOBLASTOMAS CONVENCIONAIS APÓS TRATAMENTO CONSERVADOR E RELATO DE TRANSFORMAÇÃO PERIFÉRICA: SÉRIE DE CASOS E REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Introduction: Ameloblastoma is a slow-growing tumor, presenting bone expansion and high recurrence rates. It originates from the tooth enamel, dental follicle, periodontal ligament or lining of odontogenic cysts and odontogenic epithelium. Recently, in 2022, the WHO reclassified ameloblastomas into conventional, unicystic, peripheral and metastatic due to prospective views based on updates to genetic studies, which has generated a dilemma in the literature regarding the ideal therapeutic approach for conventional ameloblastoma, to provide a lower surgical risk and morbidity to patients. Purpose: Carry out an integrative review of the literature, describing 02 resections of conventional ameloblastomas after conservative treatment and 01 report of peripheral transformation, providing valuable information on management. Methodology: The current study was divided into two stages. The first step consists in a descriptive series of three cases of conventional ameloblastomas treated by conservative methods, where two of them were subsequently submitted to partial resection and the third one turned into a peripheral ameloblastoma. In the second step, an integrative and systematic review was carried out in accordance with the PRISMA recommendations on resection and excision for treating conventional ameloblastomas. Results: Classification and treatment methods in cases of ameloblastoma are based on histopathological characteristics and can range from enucleation to resection with reconstruction. This study focuses on three case reports of patients with conventional ameloblastoma. The treatment consisted in two partial resections with primary reconstructions and one enucleation combined with a peripheral osteotomy after conservative treatments without prolonged follow-up. The treatment of choice and recurrence were evaluated, and the patients had satisfactory results. Conclusion: There is no consensus on the treatment of ameloblastomas. Both conservative surgeries and radical interventions are used. The chosen treatment must take into account the location of the tumor, size, age, general health condition and cooperation of the patient, possibility of long-term delivery, histopathological pattern and professional experience.

Montenegrin Digital Academic Innovation Hub: Experience in Supporting Digital Health Innovations.

Montenegrin Digital Academic Innovation Hub established within Erasmus+ project DigNEST is essential institutional support for developing innovations in the field of health in academic-business cooperation and partnership. Experience of 18 months in running Hub service provides preliminary results in analysis received innovation ideas, provided support and potentials/capacities in medical informatics advancements at national, regional and global level.

The place of health in the EU-CELAC interregional cooperation from 2005 to 2023: a historical, empirical and prospective analysis

BackgroundMuch has been said by actors from different fields and perspectives about the manifold changes in world affairs triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic. In this context, it is to be expected that there will be impacts on long-standing partnerships such as the one between the European Union and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean Countries. However, few studies have demonstrated these impacts, either empirically, by uncovering their specificities or from a historical perspective, to allow for a reasonable methodological comparison of the patterns used to define the partnership and that have changed or have been affected in some way by the pandemic.ResultsThrough an in-depth qualitative assessment of primary and secondary sources, this article contributes to this research gap. It analyzes the patterns and changes or impacts in light of two strands of behavior that can make sense of EU-CELAC health cooperation—revisionist or reformist. The findings show an economy-driven health agenda as a new pattern of cooperation, which derives from EU reformist behavior after the pandemic.ConclusionsThe EU power to enforce its priorities in the context of health cooperation with CELAC is the main factor that will define how (and not just which) competing interests and capacities will be accommodated. The relevance of the study to the fields of global governance for health, interregional health cooperation and EU foreign policy is threefold. It shows us i.how two more international regimes are easily intertwined with health—trade and intellectual property—with the potential to deepen asymmetries and divergences even between long-standing strategic partners; ii.contrary to the idea that reformist behaviors are only adopted by actors who are dissatisfied with the status quo, the study shows us that the reformist actor can also be the one who has more material power and influence and who nevertheless challenges the success of cooperation in the name of new priorities and the means to achieve them; and iii.how the EU will find it difficult to operationalize its new priorities internally, among states and private actors, and with those of CELAC, given the history of intense disputes over health-related economic aspects.

Patient-Centered Outcomes of a Lymphedema Pump in Patients with Symptomatic Lower Extremity Edema

Phlebolymphedema is a challenging condition to manage, with limited options for effective treatment. For patients, this may be debilitating and lead to infection, loss of independence and affect quality of life. This study aims to evaluate patient-reported outcomes of an advanced pneumatic compression device (APCD) in the treatment of lower extremity phlebolymphedema. Patients with diagnosis of lower extremity phlebolymphedema at an acute care facility within the New York City Health and Hospitals Cooperation treated with the Flexitouch (FLX) (Tactile Systems Technology, Inc, Minneapolis, Minnesota) APCD from December 2021 to March 2023 were evaluated. Patient-perceived subjective outcomes were assessed via a short questionnaire, with subsequent analysis using chi-squared test. Primary end points were subjective improvements in 1) swelling, 2) pain, and 3) ease of use of device as surrogates for patient satisfaction. Secondary end point was subjective patient-reported compliance, obtained by investigating 1) if patients were trained to use device, and 2) if patients were using the device. A total of 52 participants were included in this study, consisting of 30.8% male and 69.2% female patients with a mean age of 71.7years. While selection criteria did not exclude unilateral disease or alternative etiologies, we note that the entire study population had been diagnosed with bilateral lower extremity lymphedema in the setting of chronic venous insufficiency. Other patient characteristics including race, comorbidities and smoking status were documented in Table1. Table2 demonstrates the results of chi-squared analysis. This study noted significant patient-perceived improvement in swelling and pain (91.4% with P<0.00001; 85.7% with P=0.00002 respectively) and patient-reported ease of use of the FLX device (85.7% with P=0.00002). Additional secondary findings included a majority of patients reporting being trained on how to use FLX and also maintaining compliance with the device (69.2% with P=0.005; 67.3% with P=0.012 respectively). FLX APCD use has been found to demonstrate desirable patient-reported outcomes as a general trend. The participants in this study noted statistically significant subjective improvement in swelling and pain, ease of use of device and adherence to training and compliance with device. FLX appears to be positively received by patients, and the authors recommend its consideration for management of bilateral lower extremity phlebolymphedema.

Identifying and Prioritizing Economic Opportunities for Medical Tourism Management: An Analytic Hierarchy process

Background: As a growing industry, medical tourism includes many economic opportunities. This industry is the largest and most diverse industry in the world, with a foreign currency income which is equal to the automotive and military weapons industries. The aim of the current research is to identify and prioritize economic opportunities related to medical tourism management, using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) as a multi-criteria decision-making tool. Methods: This was a descriptive-survey research with an applied and cross-sectional approach. A survey method was used to collect data, so this study can be classified as field research. The statistical population of the research included 25 people with experience and expertise selected through purposive sampling in the fields of management, tourism, and medicine. The method of collecting data was in the form of library and field studies. The tool for collecting data was a questionnaire of paired comparisons and a check sheet. Data analysis was done with AHP method and Expert Choice 11 software. After collecting the paired comparison questionnaire and calculating the geometric mean, the inconsistency rate of the questionnaires was less than 0.1, which showed that the data had the required validity. Results: First, using library studies, economic opportunities related to medical tourism were identified. These opportunities included cash generation, technological advancements, job creation, diversification of tourism industry, development of health care infrastructure, knowledge transfer and cooperation, services and ancillary industries, and regional development and diversification of economic activity. Opportunities were prioritized using the AHP method. Cash generation with relative importance of 0.191 was ranked first, job creation with relative importance of 0.162 was second, and technological advances was ranked third with relative importance of 0.131. Diversification to economic activities with a relative importance of 0.45 was ranked ninth which was the lowest. Conclusion: Strategic marketing, delivering quality healthcare services, competitive pricing, specialized medical care, patient-centered experience, collaboration and partnership, continuous improvement, and strengthening medical tourism infrastructure are the pillars through which medical tourism management can not only generate sustainable revenue but also provide invaluable healthcare services to patients from across the globe.

International scientific cooperation in public health: A performance measurement framework based on the “Syphilis No!” Project in Brazil

In this article, we aim to propose indicators to evaluate the performance of international scientific cooperation in public health, based on the operation experience in Brazil&amp;rsquo;s &amp;ldquo;Syphilis No!&amp;rdquo; Project. This is an action research project, based upon Kaplan and Norton&amp;rsquo;s Balanced Scorecard Method, developed in five stages: (i) Reorganization of the indicators, (ii) validation of the new indicators, (iii) construction of the dimensions of the indicators, (iv) data collection for the indicators, (v) development of the framework for the &amp;ldquo;Syphilis No!&amp;rdquo; Project. The metrics and 34 indicators are presented and grouped into four dimensions: technical-scientific, investment, products, and impact. The cooperation that emerged from the project has built an international research network that has the potential to transcend syphilis research. The framework demonstrated that international scientific cooperations, focused on research and product development, have contributed to the promotion of public health policies and have enabled the exchange of knowledge, techniques, experiences, and technologies, fundamental to the international scientific cooperation of Brazilian universities. This contribution will have implications for studies in the field of international relations in health and education.

Characteristics of Multiprofessional and Client-Oriented Approach in Occupational Health Services: A Cross-Sectional Survey Among Occupational Health Professionals.

Multiprofessional and client-oriented approaches are considered key factors for successful occupational health services, and for impressive occupational health cooperation between a client organisation and occupational health service provider. The purpose of this study was to find out the views of occupational health physicians, occupational health nurses, occupational physiotherapists, and occupational health psychologists about multiprofessional and client-oriented working methods. These working methods describe the guidelines for good occupational health practice in Finland, also serving the framework of the present study. The survey was conducted in May and June 2022. The data consisted of answers to open-ended questions of a larger questionnaire. The data was analysed with the method of theory-related thematic analysis. Seven occupational health service providers committed to the study. Altogether 121 professionals responded to the question surveying the multiprofessional approach, and 119 professionals responded to the question of client-oriented approach. The results showed that both the multiprofessional and client-oriented approaches are closely related to each other, and the views of these approaches are in line with the good occupational health practice. Multiprofessional approach was most commonly described with the theme of sharing expertise. Respectively, the theme of smooth cooperation most commonly described the client-oriented approach. At its best, the answers showed that a multiprofessional working strategy takes into account the expertise of different professionals so that the client can be offered high-quality, accurate content and timely occupational health services. The results provide up-to-date information on working strategies of occupational health services in Finland. The results can be used in further development of multiprofessional and client-oriented work in occupational health services.

Scientific integrity in biomedical research is a global problem

Science contributes to globalization by creating new knowledge and technologies that can be shared and applied across different regions and cultures. The Regional Cooperation for Health, Science and Technology (RECOOP HST) Association combines the scientific output of partner organizations at the local and regional levels and uses it at the global level to prevent and eliminate major public health problems. Since research integrity (RI) varies among participating research organizations from the U.S.A. to Ukraine, RECOOP HST recognizes that high-quality research and outcomes, as measured by published papers, require a common understanding of scientific integrity and bioethics. During the last 15 years, RECOOP HST has organized workshops to educate scientists about the most devastating forms of research dishonesty: fabrication, falsification or plagiarism, which destroy trust and respect among scientists. Different types of research misconduct require different methods of detection and investigation. Now, with the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI), various plagiarism-checking software has appeared. However, detecting fabrication and falsification is not so easy. In addition, AI should not be used to replace human reviewers, as there is currently insufficient evidence to support AI application in peer review. Two main approaches that RECOOP HST has taken to prevent misconduct and promote RI are evidence-based education and mentoring of students. Mentoring should take the form of informal discussions with students about responsible conduct of research and serving as a role model. Key strategies for promoting integrity include the development of institutional policies and the monitoring of activities with appropriate auditing of data. Keywords: fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, scientific and research integrity

Epidemiological variations and trends in glaucoma burden in the Belt and Road countries

BackgroundAnalyzing the glaucoma burden in "Belt and Road" (B&R) countries based on age, gender, and risk factors from 1990 to 2019 in order to provide evidence for future prevention strategies.MethodsWe applied global burden of disease(GBD) 2019 to compare glaucoma prevalence and Years lived with disabilities (YLDs) from 1990 to 2019 in the B&R countries. Trends of disease burden between 1990 and 2019 were evaluated using the average annual percent change and the 95% uncertainty interval (UI) were reported.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2019, most B&R countries showed a downward trend in age-standardized prevalence and YLDs (all P < 0.05). Additionally, only the age-standardized YLDs in males of Pakistan has a 0.35% increase (95%CI:0.19,0.50,P < 0.001), and most B&R countries has a decline(all P < 0.05) in age-standardized YLDs in every 5 years age group after 45 years old except for Pakistan(45–79 years and > 85 years), Malaysia(75–84 years), Brunei Darussalam(45–49 years), Afghanistan(70–79 years). Finally, in all Central Asian countries, the age-standardized YLDs due to glaucoma caused by fasting hyperglycemia demonstrated have an increase between 1990 and 2019 (all P < 0.05), but Armenia and Mongolia have a decrease between 2010 and 2019 (all P < 0.05).ConclusionThe prevalence of glaucoma continues to pose a significant burden across regions, ages, and genders in countries along the "B&R". It is imperative for the "B&R" nations to enhance health cooperation in order to collaboratively tackle the challenges associated with glaucoma.

How Nordic Solidarity Failed the COVID-19 Test: Uncoordinated Pandemic Responses and the Decline of Nordic Health Cooperation

How Nordic Solidarity Failed the COVID-19 Test: Uncoordinated Pandemic Responses and the Decline of Nordic Health Cooperation

Examination of the structural components of the Abilitator-A self-report questionnaire on work ability and functioning aimed at the population in a weak labour market position.

According to the Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) panel, structural validity describes how well Patient-Reported Outcome Measures' (PROM) scores reflect the dimensions of the measured construct. The main purpose of this study was to examine the structural components of the Abilitator, a co-developed self-report questionnaire on work ability and functioning for the population in a weak labour market position. We examined to what extent the Abilitator has reflective and formative elements in its five summary scales: "C. Inclusion", "D. Mind", "E. Everyday life", "F. Skills", and "G. Body". The Abilitator data sample (n = 4555, men 51%, mean age 37 years) was collected in 2017-2022 by the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health in cooperation with the European Social Fund Priority 5 projects in which the participants have multiple challenges to gain employment. For the structural components and validity analysis we implemented both Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Based on the COSMIN criteria for structural validity, the Abilitator reached approximate model fit with CFA when we analysed the different concepts of the questionnaire separately rather than in one unified model. An exception was "E. Everyday life" which was a formative summary scale, and it did not reach approximate fit. EFA showed that the items in the Abilitator's summary scales loaded on ten factors. The Abilitator had both reflective and formative elements in its structure. It reached structural validity in those separate concepts that were based on a reflective model. This study revealed interesting connections between different aspects of the Abilitator and produced valuable information for further modification of the questionnaire.

Marburg Virus Disease Outbreaks – A Systematic Review

Background: Marburg virus disease (MARV) is a highly virulent disease that presents a significant threat to public health. First identified in 1967, MARV has since manifested sporadically across various regions, with varying consequences. This systematic review aims to collate and analyze epidemiological data to understand the impact of MARV globally. Objective: The primary objective of this study was to synthesize data from past outbreaks to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of MARV, understand its transmission dynamics, and assess the effectiveness of response strategies. Methods: We conducted a systematic search across several academic databases including MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, up until August 2023. Studies were included if they reported the total number of cases and fatalities during MARV outbreaks. The meta-analysis focused on case fatality rates (CFRs) and seroprevalence measurements. Data from health ministries, the World Health Organization, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention were used to verify the findings. Results: The review identified 16 studies for inclusion. The reported case fatality rates varied significantly across different outbreaks, with Angola (2006) reporting the highest number of cases (252) and deaths (227). The recent outbreak in Ghana (2023) indicated an uptick in both case numbers (40) and CFR (87.3%). The containment of an outbreak in Equatorial Guinea by June 2023 highlights the effectiveness of international cooperation and robust health systems. Conclusion: The study concludes that the Marburg virus remains a critical concern for global health, particularly in regions with previous outbreaks. The data underscore the necessity for improved public health preparedness and response strategies in high-risk areas to mitigate future outbreaks.

Investigating health and treatment measures during the Arbaeen procession 2022: A qualitative study.

The Arbaeen procession is one of the largest religious gatherings in which tens of millions of people participate every year. The presence of many people in this religious gathering highlights the necessity of planning to reduce incidents related to pilgrims in the field of health and to ensure their timely access to health and treatment services. The current research was conducted with the aim of investigating and analyzing the health field in the Arbaeen procession of 2022. This was a qualitative study, in which in-depth and semistructured interviews were conducted. The target population comprised healthcare policymakers, managers, and providers of the Arbaeen procession in 2022. The interview and data collection guide were developed using the World Health Organization's recommendations. Data collection was continued till data saturation. Directed content analysis was used to analyze the data. Different strategies were applied to increase the validity and reliability of the results of this study. Data saturation was reached after 33 interviews. In total, eight main topics were identified, including follow-up of disease and trauma, promotion of public health, education and health system, cooperation and coordination in the field of health, information and communication management, response operations, support and resource management, and security and safety. Essential health issues in Arbaeen procession were identified in this research, which may be considered as an evidence-based guide for planners, planners, and executive managers of this religious community. The findings of this research may be used in other marches and public gatherings.

Sudan's health sector partnership: From confined progression to openness and hope to uncertain demise

AbstractMotivationDespite the signature of the 2005 Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness and subsequent adoption of the principles of effective development co‐operation (EDC) for better health co‐operation, there is a gap in documenting the challenges to implement these commitments at country level. Sudan represents an interesting case study. The country adopted a local health compact in 2014, but for much of the time since the regime had been under sanction. Sudan witnessed a revolution in 2018, followed by a counter‐coup in 2021.Purpose: We aim to explore the evolution of the relationships, perspectives, and compliance of Sudan's health sector partners in terms of the EDC principles of ownership, alignment, and harmonization, while accounting for underlying processes and context changes between 2015 and 2022.Methods and approachWe collected data through two rounds of interviews, in 2015 (16) and 2022 (8), with stakeholders within the Sudan Health Sector Partnership. We used the framework method for data analysis where responses are coded and then sorted into themes.FindingsBefore the 2019 revolution, co‐operation was progressive but restricted, with civil society marginalized and a dominating government. The EDC principles, especially ownership, were misused and misaligned with national priorities driven by donors' interests and conditions.The transition period (post‐revolution) witnessed an influx of partners, characterized by their openness, but unstable leadership and subsequent changes in priorities led to wasted opportunities.Following the coup, donors adopted a no‐contact policy towards the de facto government. The expectation was that civil society organizations would replace the government as the main implementers. Overall, limited co‐ordination capacity and no sustainability measures were present throughout.Policy implicationsMuch of what was observed was due to the often complicated and difficult context of the governance of Sudan. However, general issues arose, including the government's ability to co‐ordinate policy and implementation; the need for stable, legitimate arrangements; and the need to define the role of civil society and empower civil society organizations. In a complex and volatile context, revisiting partners' commitments through joint compact reviews and transparent EDC progress monitoring is crucial.

Peningkatan potensi pendapatan desa melalui pengelolaan tempat wisata serta kegiatan penghijauan pada Desa Selemak Kab. Deli serdang

The Mandiri Program, a government initiative, aims to increase the potential of existing villages in Indonesia by focusing on their development and increasing their contribution to employment and community development. One such village is Selemak Village located in Deli Serdang, North Sumatra, and has a main water source called Taman Prima Wisata Edukasi. This water source is important for the community to maintain environmental health and increase cooperation among members, leaders, and stakeholders. Community development tasks include socialization to increase village water potential and carry out environmental conservation activities around the main water sources. The implementation of environmental conservation activities includes mapping, discussion, and conservation activities around the location of water sources. The main objective is to understand the potential of the village and its role in conservation efforts around the location of water sources

EKSPLORASI NILAI-NILAI KONSELING DALAM PERMAINAN TRADISIONAL GOBAK SODOR DI KABUPATEN BONDOWOSO

The gobak sodor game is a game played in groups, where the group of guards tries to block the attacking group when they want to pass through the game squares. The traditional game Gobak Sodor contains many positive values. The aim of this research is to explore the counseling values contained in the traditional game gobak sodor in Bondowoso Regency. This research uses qualitative research methods with an ethnographic type of research. From the research results, there are counseling values in the traditional game of gobak sodor in Bondowoso Regency, namely: spirituality, kinship, honesty, cooperation, strategy setting, leadership, social care, physical and mental health.