Conventional Transurethral Resection Of The Prostate Research Articles

A 27-Year Experience With Day Surgery Transurethral Resection of the Prostate.

Introduction Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is the standard surgical procedure forobstructive symptoms of the lower urinary tract when medical management fails. Progression in TURP procedures has led to reduced catheterization time following transurethral prostatic resection. This study describes the methods and results of TURP performed in the day surgery setting. Materials and methods This retrospective study was performed at a day surgical hospital serving a patient population of more than 200,000 people. Over a 27-year period, a total of 1,123 patients with a mean age of 73.6 years (range: 49 to 91 years) underwent same-day conventional (electrosurgical monopolar) transurethral prostatic resection. Of the procedure, 43 patients (11%) received spinal anaesthesia, and the remainder received general anaesthesia. Results Over the years, there has been an increase in the use of medication to manage bladder outflow obstructive symptoms, which has led to the preoperative post-micturition volumes of urine being increased (>200 ml) at the time of surgical intervention. The mean American Urological Association (AUA) score was 22 (range: 10-35). Due to the reduced bladder tone preoperatively and the noted intraoperative distension of the bladder, early catheter removal is contraindicated in these patients. The mean duration of catheterization was 6.4 days (range: two to 28 days). No patient was readmitted to the hospital for retention of urine. However, 11 patients in the series had re-catheterization due to failure of micturition after the removal of the catheter. No patients were admitted to the hospital for clot retention or sepsis postoperatively. This resulted in the patients being discharged home with a catheter in place, which became our standard practice. Conclusion Conventional transurethral resection of the prostate can be effectively managed in the day surgery setting with minimal morbidity. This improves the patient's quality of life as well as the burden on hospital costs. Additionally, the outpatient nature of day surgery may lead to decreased overall healthcare expenses for both the patient and the healthcare system. As healthcare systems continue to prioritize streamlined and patient-centred approaches, day surgery for TURP emerges as a viable and advantageous option.

A Prospective, Randomized Study Comparing the Outcome After Thulium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate with Conventional Monopolar TURP for the Treatment of Symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.

This is a prospective randomized study with the aim of comparing (thulium laser enucleation of the prostate (ThuLEP) and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) treatment. Patients are assessed preoperatively and up to 6 months postoperatively. International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL), maximum urinary flow rates (Qmax), international index of erectile function-5 (IIEF-5) and post-void residual volume (PVR) are collected on each follow-up. In comparison to TURP, the ThuLEP group has significantly less need for catheter traction and less need for postoperative irrigation. The operative time is significantly higher in ThuLEP compared to TURP. ThuLEP is significantly superior to TURP in terms of early catheter removal, less drop in haemoglobin, less fall in serum sodium level, and early hospital discharge. ThuLEP and TURP resulted in a significant improvement from baseline in terms of IPSS, PVR, Qmax, and QoL, but there was no significant difference between the 2 groups. The IIEF-5 is the same as the baseline in both groups. Early and late complications are also comparable. The ThuLEP outperforms TURP in terms of blood loss, significantly less need for postoperative catheter traction, bladder irrigations, early catheter removal, and less hospital stay. Transurethral resection of the prostate takes longer operative time in the early stages of experience. The results of both surgeries are comparable in terms of PVR, Qmax, and subjective scoring systems (IPSS, QoL). Transurethral resection of the prostate is a safe and efficient BPH treatment method comparable to the monopolar TURP.

The effectiveness and safety of three surgical procedures for the treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia: A network meta-analysis

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) and thulium laser enucleation of the prostate (ThuLEP) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia using a network Meta-analysis. MethodsRandomized controlled trials of TURP, HoLEP and ThuLEP for benign prostatic hyperplasia were collected by computerized searches of databases including CNKI, WANFANG, VIP, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, the Web of Science and Embase, with a search time frame of build to January 2022. The literature was screened and data was extracted by two investigators separately, while the risk of bias of the included studies was evaluated before systematic evaluation and network meta-analysis using ADDIS 1.16.8 software and RevMan 5.3 software. ResultsA total of 27 RCTs with a total of 3335 patients were involved. The results of the network meta-analysis showed that ThuLEP was better than the remaining two procedures in terms of enhancing patients' subjective perception and improving objective indicators, and the incidence of adverse events such as postoperative urethral stricture and urinary incontinence was lower compared with that of conventional TURP in both short- and long-term postoperative follow-ups. ConclusionAs ThuLEP is effective, safe, and featured with few postoperative complications, it can be the preferred surgical procedure for prostate enlargement. Nevertheless, because of the limited number of studies included, more-sample, multicenter, double-blind clinical randomized controlled trials are required in the future to further verify the findings of the present study.

Recent Updates in Surgical Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Review Article

Benign prostatic hyperplasia refers to the non-malignant growth or enlargement of the prostate gland and is a general cause of lower urinary tract symptoms in men which rises with growing age. There is a wide range of management options available from watchful waiting, and medicinal therapy to various surgical intervention methods. Though medicinal therapy is the preliminary treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia, some patients lack the desire to keep on with the extended duration, and on occasion, they must break either due to treatment failure or side effects. Lately, numerous innovative surgical methodologies have been established to provide patients with efficient therapy on a day-care basis, without the risk of general anaesthesia and with rapid recovery, marginal morbidity, and safeguarding the reproductive function. Existing treatment alternatives for benign prostatic hyperplasia differ in the extent of intrusiveness, efficiency, complications, and cost-effectiveness. Various treatment modalities are available these days that are less invasive and have lesser complications as compared to conventional transurethral resection of the prostate. It helps curtail expenses, preserve time for recovery, curb untoward general and reproductive side effects. Laser, endoscopic, robotic, water vapor utilization, and various other minimally invasive methods have demonstrated their effectiveness in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in various studies.

A comparative study between Holmium Laser Enucleation of Prostate (HoLEP) and Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia

Background: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most frequent diseases in men. The laser treatment for BPH has challenged TURP due to advances in laser technology, a better understanding of tissue-laser interactions, and rowing clinical experience.1 The objective of this work is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Holmium Laser Enucleation of Prostate (HoLEP) and compare it to Bipolar Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Methods: This is a prospective study to evaluate the outcomes in BPH patients undergoing surgery by HoLEP and Bipolar TURP done between January 2018 to December 2019. A total of 80 Patients were enrolled, forty undergoing HoLEP and the other forty went for Bipolar TURP for BPH. All patients with symptomatic BPH and who were candidates for surgical treatment were included. Patients with previous prostate surgery, urethral surgery, history of prostate cancer, or neurogenic bladder were excluded.1,2Results: Baseline parameters were almost similar between both groups in terms of age (years), International Prostatic Symptom Score (IPSS), Quality of life (QOL), Q max(ml/s), Post Void Residue (PVR), and gland size(grams) [Table 1]. Operative time and resected gland weight were more in HoLEP arm (p < 0.001). Catheter time and Hospitalization period were significantly lower in the HoLEP group (p < 0.0001). Haemoglobin drop was not significant between the two groups (p = 0.148). IPSS at three months was similar in both groups (p = 0.608). Qmax improved significantly in both groups, with 18.87 in TURP and 17.87 in HoLEP with a p-value of 0.261. PVR and QOL were similar between the two groups (P = 0.914 and P = 0.781) [Table 2]. Conclusion: Both Bipolar TURP and HoLEP were effective in relieving bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). HoLEP has equal efficacy compared to conventional bipolar TURP, with decreased hospital stay and catheter indwelling time.

Evaluating outcomes of combined bladder neck and supramontanal sparing ejaculatory preserving transurethral resection of the prostate: Results from a prospective, randomised study.

Although conventional transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is highly successful in improving urinary symptoms and flow rates, a higher incidence of loss of antegrade ejaculation has been reported. Therefore, we aimed at prospectively comparing the efficacy and outcomes of a novel dual bladder neck and supramontanal sparing TURP to conventional TURP to improve voiding and ejaculation. Between January 2019 and November 2020, all patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) satisfying the eligibility criteria underwent either conventional TURP (Group 1) or combined bladder neck and supramontanal sparing TURP (Group 2) after randomisation. The groups were compared for functional outcomes including International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), peak flow rates, post-void residual urine, perioperative variables and postoperative complications. Ejaculation was assessed with International Index of Erectile Function-Question 9 (IIEF-9) and Ejaculation Projection score (EPS). A total of 90 patients were randomised, 45 each to Group 1 and 2 respectively. The demographic profiles across both groups were comparable. Retrograde ejaculation and bladder neck contracture were significantly higher in Group 1. Both groups demonstrated significant improvement in the IPSS (26.12 ±2.88 to 4.69 ±0.87 (Group 1) vs 26.60 ±3.45 to 4.36 ±1.74 in Group 2) and Qmax (7.03 ±2.71 to 24.36 ±3.82 mL/s in Group 1 vs 6.29 ±2.64 to 25.28 ±4.33 mL/s in Group 2) at 3 months. However, a significant difference in IPSS and Qmax were recorded at 6 months. IIEF-9 score in Group 2 remained similar to preoperative profile (4.18 ±0.75) vs 2.58 ±0.86 (Group 1). EPS significantly decreased in Group 1 but remained similar to preoperative EPS in Group 2. Antegrade ejaculation was preserved in 88.89% in Group 2 as compared to 22.22% in Group 1. Dual bladder neck and supramontanal ejaculation preserving TURP is superior to conventional TURP in preventing retrograde ejaculation and bladder neck contractures in prostates <50 cc with comparable functional results, perioperative and postoperative morbidity.

Shedding light on polypragmasy of pain after transurethral prostate surgery procedures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

To evaluate and compare the incidences of post-operative pelvic pain (PPP) in patients undergoing ablation, enucleation and conventional transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Using MEDLINE via PubMed and Cochrane CENTRAL, randomised control trials (RCTs) and observational studies reporting PPP rates post-ablation, enucleation or TURP were identified. The risk of biases (RoB) in RCTs and observation studies were assessed using the Cochrane RoB1.0 tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, respectively. 62 studies were included for qualitative analysis, while 51 of them reported number of patients with PPP post-intervention. Three observational studies and 13 RCTs compared the rates of PPP in patients undergoing ablation, enucleation or TURP. The most reported types of PPP are dysuria, abdominal pain and irritative symptoms. The pooled incidence of PPP at 1-month follow-up in patients undergoing ablation, enucleation and TURP were 0.15 (95% CI 0.10-0.22), 0.09 (95% CI 0.04-0.19 and 0.10 (95% CI 0.06-0.15), respectively. PPP is no longer prevalent at 3-months and onwards post-operatively. Ablation is associated with a higher risk of PPP than enucleation (RR 2.19, 95% CI 1.04-4.62) and TURP (RR 2.40, 95% CI 1.03-5.62) in observational studies but not RCTs; and there were no significant differences in the rates of PPP upon comparison of other modalities. PPP is common after transurethral benign prostatic hyperplasia surgery. Patients undergoing ablation had a higher rate of post-intervention PPP than those undergoing enucleation and TURP in observational studies.

Feasibility of a telementoring approach as a practical training for transurethral enucleation of the benign prostatic hyperplasia using bipolar energy: a pilot study.

IntroductionTelementoring is one of the applications of telemedicine capable of bringing highly experienced surgeons to areas lacking expertise. In the current study, we aimed to assess a novel telementoring application during the learning curve of transurethral enucleation of the prostate using bipolar energy (TUEB).Material and methodsA telementoring system was developed by our engineering department. This application was used to mentor ten prospective cases of TUEB performed by an expert endourologist (novice to the TUEB). A questionnaire was filled by the operating surgeon and the mentor to provide subjective evaluation of the telementoring system. Finally, the outcomes of these patients were compared to a control group consisting of ten consecutive patients performed by the mentor.ResultsTen consecutive TUEB were performed using this telementoring application. Delayed and interrupted connection were experienced in two and one patients, respectively; however, their effect was minor, and they did not compromise the safety of the procedure. None of the patients required conversion to conventional transurethral resection of the prostate. Only one patient in our series experienced grade IIIb complication.ConclusionThe telementoring application for TUEB is promising. It is a simple and low-cost tool that could be a feasible option to ensure patients’ safety during the initial phase of the learning curve without time and locations constraints for both the mentor and the trainee; However, it should be mentioned that telementoring cannot yet replace the traditional surgical training with the mentor and trainee being in the operative room. Further studies are required to confirm the current resultsSupplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00345-021-03594-9.

A Comparative Study Between Standard Monopolar Versus Bipolar Saline Turp: Our Experience in Armed Forces Hospital

Objective: To-evaluate the outcome of bipolar Versus conventional monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) on urinary function.&#x0D; Material and Methods: A total of 300 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were randomized to bipolar or monopolar conventional TURP treatment groups. Operative and early postoperative variables and complications were recorded and all patients were re-evaluated at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), uroflowmetry, post-void residual urine volume (PVR).&#x0D; Results: The operating time was shorter in the monopolar TURP group. Postoperative bleeding and blood transfusion requirements did not significantly differ between the two groups. Sodium levels were significantly lower in the monopolar group than in the bipolar group. Transuretheral resection syndrome developed in two (1.4%) patients in the monopolar group. Both groups had similar and significantly improved IPSS values, maximum urinary flow rate values and PVRmeasurement.&#x0D; Conclusion: Bipolar TURP is a safe and effective procedure that is associated with a relatively longer operating time, a smaller reduction in serum sodium levels and a similar efficacy compared with conventional monopolar TURP.&#x0D; Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 21, No. 2, July 2018 p 66-70

MP25-06 EJACULATION-PRESERVING VERSUS CONVENTIONAL TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF THE PROSTATE, A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED STUDY

You have accessJournal of UrologyBenign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Surgical Therapy & New Technology I (MP25)1 Apr 2020MP25-06 EJACULATION-PRESERVING VERSUS CONVENTIONAL TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF THE PROSTATE, A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED STUDY Osama Abdelwahab*, Mohamed Habous, and Mohanad Aboanza Osama Abdelwahab*Osama Abdelwahab* More articles by this author , Mohamed HabousMohamed Habous More articles by this author , and Mohanad AboanzaMohanad Aboanza More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000000864.06AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: One of the most common complications of transurethral resction of the prostate (TURP) is retrograde ejaculation . Trials to preserve ejaculation by modification of resection technique were done. however, the need of reoperation after doing ejaculation preservation techniques has been increased. In this study we compared ejaculation preservation TURP versus the standard TURP using Bipolar technology to evaluate the relative safety and efficacy of both techniques. METHODS: 97 patients with BPH were included in this study and randomized to operation by Olympus (Gyrus) Bipolar loop TURP into two groups (Group 1) 45 patients underwent conventional TURP and group 2 included 52 patient underwent ejaculation preservation technique by sparing 5 mm of prostatic urethra proximal to verumontanum. Inclusion criteria were; BPH with Qmax <10ml/sec, IPSS score>18 and prostate volume >40 gm. All patients were evaluated preoperatively and at 1, 3 and 9 months postoperatively by IPSS, uroflowmetry and prostate ultrasound. Clavien complications (including retrograde ejaculation) and operative time were recorded. RESULTS: There was no significant difference as regard age (51 + 9.9 and 52.5 + 8.2) , in both groups. Preoperative prostate volume (58 g v 55 g p=0.51) and IPSS (20 v 22 p=0.38) were equivalent. There was No Significant difference in operative time, postoperative prostate volume, and intraoperative blood loss (57± 15 minutes range 45-70 p 0.52) , versus (mean 59 ± 10 minutes range 35-75), (30±1 vs 29±2 g) p=0.31 , (0.6% compared to 0.7% drop in hemoglobin, p<0.55) . There was significant difference in Q max improvement Qmax (20 cc/s vs 14 cc/ s) (p <0.001), hospital stay (1-2 days in group 1 while 1-4 days in group 2) catheterization period (1-2 days versus 1-8 days) .Three patints in group 2 developed post operative urine retention refractory to conservative management and operated again by resection of residual prostatic tissues 3 weaks after 1st TURP. Postoperative IPSS was better in group one with significant difference in early postoperative period (6 versus 12) , p<0.001, however non significant difference at 6 and 12 month follow up (6 v 5, p=0.22) equivalently. Retrograde ejaculation occurred in 37 of 45 patients of group 1 while in 12 of 52 patients in group 2. Two patients in G2 received a second TURP due to the development of bladder neck obstruction at one year follow up. CONCLUSIONS: Antegrade ejaculation was preserved with the use of Ejaculation preservation TURP with excellent outcome however, the possible need for second TURP should be addressed with the patient as the improvement of urine flow is inferior to the conventional TURP. Source of Funding: None © 2020 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 203Issue Supplement 4April 2020Page: e392-e393 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2020 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Osama Abdelwahab* More articles by this author Mohamed Habous More articles by this author Mohanad Aboanza More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

All you need to know about "Aquablation" procedure for treatment of benign prostatic obstruction.

In recent years, technological advances and new approaches have been developed for the treatment of benign prostatic obstruction (BPO) in order to reduce complications like bleeding, retrograde ejaculation and risk of infection while obtaining an adequate disobstruction. The most recent surgical approach introduced is the Aquablation system (PROCEPT BioRobotics, Redwood Shores, CA, USA). This intervention is a robotically guided system that uses high-velocity water jets in order to ablate prostatic tissue, with real-time ultrasound guidance. The aim of this review is to summarize the current evidence on Aquablation and its results, compared to the reported outcomes of the gold standard treatment, the transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). A systematic review of the Literature was performed in June 2019 using Medline (via PubMed), Embase (via Ovid), and Cochrane databases. The studies that compared the Aquablation to the standard TURP were included. Moreover, a critical review of the single arm studies was conducted. The results of this systematic review, based on a single RCT that compared Aquablation vs. TURP in prostates 30-80 cc in size, confirmed that Aquablation has at least a similar efficacy as TURP, but has a better safety profile, allows shorter resection times, and has a lower risk of retrograde ejaculation. Moreover, in some subcategories of patients (e.g., when prostate volume is >50 cc) functional outcomes of Aquablation are better than those of TURP. Evidence from non-comparative clinical studies and from real life scenarios have confirmed that Aquablation may be used effectively for prostate volumes up to 150 cc. The Aquablation procedure for the treatment of BPO allows high clinical efficacy with an excellent safety profile. For prostate volume 30-80 cc, comparative studies demonstrated that this procedure offers clinical results at least comparable to those of conventional TURP. Latest evidence showed that Aquablation may be used effectively for prostate volumes up to 150 cc. The major strengths are its high-speed resection time, low complication rate, and potential for sexual function preservation.

Predictors Of Postoperative Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Improvements In Patient With Small-Volume Prostate And Bladder Outlet Obstruction.

ObjectiveTo explore the factors associated with improvement of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) after transurethral plasmakinetic enucleation of the prostate (PKEP) and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in patients with a small-volume prostate and bladder outlet obstruction (BOO).MethodsThe clinicopathologic data of 257 patients with BOO and a small-volume prostate from January 2013 to January 2018 were retrospectively collected preoperatively, 3 months postoperatively, and 12 months postoperatively. Patients were divided into postoperative success and failure groups based on the IPSS, IPSS-v, and IPSS-s. The relationship between each parameter and the improvement of postoperative LUTS was analyzed. Subgroup analysis was performed to compare the differences between the TURP and PKEP groups.ResultsAmong patients followed up for 3 months postoperatively, multivariate analysis demonstrated that IPP, PUA, and post-PCB were significant predictors of postoperative IPSS improvement; TZI, IPP, and PUA were significant predictors of postoperative IPSS-v improvement; post-PCB and the surgical procedure were significant predictors of IPSS-s improvement; and IPP and PUA were significant predictors of postoperative Qmax improvement. Among patients followed up for 12 months postoperatively, multivariate analysis revealed that IPP, PUA, and post-PCB were significant predictors of postoperative IPSS improvement; PUA was a significant predictor of postoperative IPSS-v improvement; post-PCB was a significant predictor of IPSS-s improvement; and IPP and PUA were significant predictors of postoperative Qmax improvement. The post-PCB was significantly lower in the PKEP than the TURP group and the prostatic calculi removal rate was significantly higher in the PKEP than the TURP group.ConclusionPatients with a greater preoperative IPP and PUA and smaller post-PCB showed greater improvement of postoperative LUTS. PKEP might help to remove calculi from between the transitional and peripheral zones of prostate. Compared with conventional TURP, PKEP may improve the early postoperative storage symptoms of LUTS in patients with a small-volume prostate and BOO.

Epidemiology and treatment modalities for the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common conditions affecting men. BPH can lead to a number of symptoms for patients commonly referred to as lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Over the last decade, increased modifiable risk factors, such as metabolic disease and obesity, have resulted in an increased incidence of BPH. This increasing incidence has brought about a multitude of treatment modalities in the last two decades. With so many treatment modalities available, physicians are tasked with selecting the optimal therapy for their patients. Current therapies can first be divided into medical or surgical intervention. Medical therapy for BPH includes 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors and alpha-blockers, or a combination of both. Surgical interventions include a conventional transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), as well as newer modalities such as bipolar TURP, holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP), Greenlight and thulium laser, and prostatic urethral lift (PUL). Emerging therapies in this field must also be further investigated for safety and efficacy. This narrative review attempts to consolidate current and emerging treatment options for BPH and highlights the need for additional investigation on optimizing treatment selection.

Novel thulium fiber laser for endoscopic enucleation of the prostate: A prospective comparison with conventional transurethral resection of the prostate

To compare the efficacy and safety of a novel thulium fiber laser for endoscopic enucleation of the prostate with monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate in patients with smaller glands (<80cc). A total of 51 patients underwent thulium fiber laser enucleation of the prostate, and 52 patients underwent monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate. All patients were assessed preoperatively, and at 3, 6, and 12months postoperatively (International Prostate Symptom Score, maximum urine flow rate, International Prostate Symptom Score-quality of life). Preoperative prostate volumes and prostate-specific antigen levels were comparable (P=0.543 and P=0.078, respectively). The complications were graded according to the Clavien classification. Mean surgery time was longer in the thulium fiber laser enucleation of the prostate group (46.6±10.2 vs 39.9±8.6min, P<0.001), while catheterization and hospital stay were greater in the transurethral resection of the prostate group (P<0.001). At 12months, there were no differences in functional outcomes (International Prostate Symptom Score, maximum urine flow rate). Despite comparable prostate volumes at 12months (P=0.864), the prostate-specific antigen level in the thulium fiber laser enucleation of the prostate group (0.5±0.5ng/mL) was lower than in the transurethral resection of the prostate group (1.1±1.0ng/mL; P<0.001). Hemoglobin and serum sodium decrease was lower in the thulium fiber laser enucleation of the prostate group (1.01±0.4g/dL and 1.1±1.1mmol/L) than in the transurethral resection of the prostate group (1.8±0.8g/dL and 4.1±1.1mmol/L; P<0.001). Urinary incontinence rates at 12months were comparable (P=0.316). Thulium fiber laser enucleation of the prostate with novel thulium fiber laser in patients with smaller prostate glands (<80cc) is comparable to transurethral resection of the prostate in voiding parameters improvement and complication rates. At the same time, the technique allows for a more substantial prostate-specific antigen decrease, indicating more complete removal of adenoma.

Anterograde ejaculation preservation after endoscopic treatments in patients with bladder outlet obstruction: systematic review and pooled-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Despite the high rate of resolution, ejaculatory dysfunction still is the most common side effect related to surgical treatment of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). The aim of the present systematic review was to compare several technological treatment modalities for the management of lower urinary tract symptoms/BOO in terms of functional and sexual outcomes. All English language randomized controlled trials assessing the impact of different endoscopic treatments for BOO were evaluated. We followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses) statement to evaluate PubMed®, Scopus®, and Web of Science™ databases (up to June 2019). Our electronic search identified a total of 2221 papers in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Of these, 142 publications were identified for detailed review, which yielded 21 included in the present systematic review. All groups appeared similar with regards to preoperative IPSS/AUA Score, Qmax, and prostate volume (cc). Patients undergoing endoscopic treatments using ThuLEP, Greenlight or Prostate Artery Embolization techniques had lower-but not statistically significant- relative risk (RR) of retrograde ejaculation compared with conventional transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) (RR: 0.90; P=0.35; RR: 0.71; P=0.1; RR0.73; P=0.11). Efficacy of those techniques was equal to TURP. Data reporting anterograde ejaculation preservation after endoscopic treatment in patients with benign prostatic enlargement are sparse and heterogeneous. Pooled analyses suggest that new technological alternatives to conventional TURP might improve sexual outcomes, especially for non-ablative treatments.

Monopolar enucleation versus transurethral resection of the prostate for small- and medium-sized (< 80cc) benign prostate hyperplasia: a prospective analysis.

To assess efficacy and safety of monopolar enucleation of the prostate (MEP) and to compare it with the current treatment standard for medium-sized prostates, < 80cc, transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). A prospective analysis patients undergoing a surgical procedure for their diagnosis of BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia) (IPSS > 20, Qmax < 10; prostate volume < 80cc) was performed. IPSS, Qmax were assessed preoperatively, at 6 and 12months postoperatively. The complications were classified according to the modified Clavien-Dindo grading system. A total of 134 patients were included in the study: 70 underwent MEP and 64 - TURP for BPH (mean prostate volumes were comparable with p = 0.163). The mean surgery time was 44min in the TURP group and 48.2min in the MEP group, (p = 0.026). Catheterization time for MEP was 1.7 and 3.2days for TURP (p < 0.001). Hospital stay for MEP was 3.2days vs. 4.8days for TURP (p < 0.001). Both techniques shown comparable efficiency in benign prostatic obstruction relief with IPSS drop in MEP from 23.1 to 5.9 and in TURP group from 22.8 to 7.3, whereas Qmax increased from 8.2 to 20.5 after MEP and from 8.3 and 19.9 after TURP. Urinary incontinence rate after catheter removal in TURP group was 9.0% and 7.8% in MEP group, at 1year follow-up, it was 1.4% and 3.1% in MEP and TURP, respectively (p = 0.466). Our experience demonstrated that MEP is an effective and safe BPH treatment option combining the efficacy of endoscopic enucleation techniques and accessibility of conventional TURP.

Analysis of Present Status for Surgery of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Korea Using Nationwide Healthcare System Data.

PurposeThere are no established statistical data available for the comparison of different surgical methods adopted for the resection of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). This study investigates the present status related to BPH surgery in Korea for the past 8 years.MethodsNational-level data from the National Health Insurance Service and National Statistical Office were analyzed in this study. From 2010 to 2017, the trends of surgeries for BPH were reviewed according to the procedure code including transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP), or high-power potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP), and this trend also analyzed by age, geographic distribution, and hospital type.ResultsOver the past 8 years, there was not much change in the total number of BPH-related surgeries (range, 10,393– 11,072). Although there was not much alteration in the number of conventional TURP (from 6,801 in 2010 to 6,645 in 2017), the number of HoLEP has dramatically increased (from 278 in 2010 to 3,805 in 2017). The number of HoLEP surgeries after 2011 exceeded the number of surgeries using KTP, and the gap is anticipated to rise. The number of surgeries by age group was most common in the 70s and the total number of surgeries is decreasing in all age groups; for HoLEP, the trend is steadily increasing over the age of 60 years. Most of the BPH surgeries were performed in metropolitan areas, such as Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and Busan, and in larger hospitals compared to smaller hospital settings.ConclusionsThrough the data of the National Health Insurance Service, we could apprehend the present status of BPH-related surgery in Korea. Then, we could know about the trend according to several factors and we think these results will be valuable as academic references as well.

Pure Bipolar Plasma Vaporization of the Prostate: Results from a Prospective 3D Ultrasound Volumetry Study with Clinical Outcome After 3 Years.

Bipolar plasma vaporization (BPV) has been shown to be a low-morbidity alternative to conventional transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Improved functional short-term outcome and a postoperative prostate volume reduction comparable to TURP have been reported. However, comprehensive mid- or long-term results following BPV are still lacking. A consecutive series of men who underwent pure BPV in a tertiary care academic center was prospectively investigated. Clinical parameters [International Prostate Symptom Score with Quality-of-Life domain, peak urinary flow rate (Qmax), postvoid residual volume, and prostate-specific antigen] as well as prostate volume (assessed by planimetric volumetry following transrectal 3D-ultrasound) were recorded preoperatively and regularly after BPV (after catheter removal, 6 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, and 3 years). Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. All p-values ≤0.05 were considered significant. Seventy-five men were included in this prospective investigation. Their median (interquartile range) prostate volume was 41.0 mL (30.6-57.4 mL). In the first year after BPV, the prostate volume continuously decreased over time and the relative volume reduction was 52.2% after 12 months. Subsequently, the volume reduction remained stable with 50.7% after 3 years. All investigated outcome parameters improved significantly after the procedure and remained so after 3 years. Reoperations due to persistent or regrown adenoma were not necessary. Six (8.0%) and five patients (6.6%) developed a de novo urethral stricture or bladder neck contracture, respectively. Three years after pure BPV of the prostate, a durable prostate volume reduction in combination with a stable improvement of functional outcome parameters was detectable in our prospective study. The low morbidity of the procedure and the possibility to perform BPV under ongoing platelet aggregation inhibition confirms its role as minimally invasive alternative to conventional TURP.

Plasmakinetic Vapoenucleation of the Prostate by Nesbit Technique

Introduction: Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) has been the gold standard in surgical management of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The procedure has stood the test of time. The place of conventional TURP has come under scrutiny with emergence of bipolar electrosurgical systems that utilize normal saline for cutting. Plasmakinetic (bipolar) energy has demonstrated several advantages over conventional monopolar TURP. There has been an increasing trend favoring enucleation procedures using laser.1 The argument given is that they do more complete removal of prostatic adenoma up to the capsule. Recently, bipolar “enucleation” and “vapoenucleation” procedures have been proposed as advancements in the technology.2 We have tried to modify this technique of “vapoenucleation” by enucleating the lobes in a simple way using Nesbit's technique, which is simpler and easy to reproduce. We use the plasmakinetic button electrode for doing vaporization. Patients and Methods: The study was conducted at our center from January 2016 till June 2016 for a 6-month period and included 35 consecutive patients with obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms associated with BPH. Patients with moderate to severe enlargement (between >50 g and <100 g) of the prostate were included in the study. Any patients with renal failure, upper tract dilation, or secondary bladder stones were excluded from the study. Complete preoperative assessment with IPSS score, postvoid residual urine (PVRU) volume, and maximum flow rate (Qmax) were done in all cases. Patients' consent was obtained in all cases. The classical Nesbit approach was used for enucleation of the prostatic lobes. The equipment used was bipolar resectoscope (Olympus medical systems). An initial vaporization/resection was done at 12 o' clock position followed by vapoenucleation of right lateral lobe from 12 o' clock position till 7 o' clock position in anticlockwise manner. Similarly the procedure was repeated on the left side from 12 o' clock position till 5 o' clock position in clockwise manner. In the end, the lobes lying at the base devoid of most of the blood supply were resected quickly with a cutting loop. No morcellator was used for removal of prostatic tissue, thereby reducing procedure time. Finally, hemostasis is secured. Postoperative assessment was done at 3 months and included IPSS score, PVRU volume, and Qmax. Immediate postoperative outcomes such as catheter-free trial, blood loss, operative time, and hospital stay were recorded. Late complications during the 3 months follow-up were recorded. Results: Thirty-five patients underwent plasmakinetic vapoenucleation of the prostate (PKVEP). The mean prostate volume on preoperative ultrasonography was 65.7 cc and mean operative time was 55 minutes. Mean catheterization time was 37.6 hours, whereas mean hospital stay was 64 hours. The mean resected tissue weight was 32 g. There was a significant improvement from baseline in terms of IPSS, Qmax, and PVRU volume in all the patients. No significant complications were noted within the short follow-up of 3 months. Conclusions: Transurethral PKVEP is a safe and effective method in management of BPH. In our study, we found the learning curve to be more flat as it mimics the Nesbit's technique of monopolar TURP. No competing financial interests exist. Author(s) have received and archived patient consent for video recording/publication in advance of video recording of procedure. Runtime of video: 7 mins 12 secs Presented as video at the World Congress of Endourology 2016 held at Cape Town, South Africa on November 8–12, 2016.

GreenLight Laser for benign prostatic hyperplasia

GreenLight photoselective vaporization (GL-PV) is now established in the treatment of benign prostatic enlargement. The present review outlines the available technical armamentarium and summarizes the current best evidence on functional and safety outcomes. Moreover, future technical developments and refinements are presented. GL-PV has evolved to be the most commonly performed procedure, second to conventional transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for surgical management of benign prostatic obstruction (BPO). On the basis of the data published in the randomized controlled Goliath study, GL-PV with 180-W technology is noninferior in terms of functional outcomes compared with TURP considering short and intermediate follow-up with a complication-free rate of around 80% after 24 months.The ongoing push towards high-power lasers can be explained by their more effective tissue ablative effect, leading to shorter operating times. Comparative analysis between high-power and low-power laser systems demonstrated similar retreatment rates and most institutions are, therefore, now performing 180-W GL-PV.Performed as an outpatient procedure, GL-PV is cost-effective with a low hospital re-admission rate. Plasma kinetic vaporization of the prostate (PKVP) has recently emerged as a potential contender in the field; also GreenLight enucleation of the prostate (GreenLEP) might be even more effective than GL-PV. GL-PV appears to be a well tolerated surgical alternative for patients suffering from BPO. Long-term follow-up data from 120-W and 180-W laser systems are still pending. Potential competitors have recently been brought to the market and further trials and long-term data will show, whether GL-PV will stand the test of time. Regardless of technical specifications, surgeon's experience remains essential to achieve good functional and safety outcomes.