Conventional Information Systems Research Articles

RiskTree: Decision Trees for Asset and Process Risk Assessment Quantification in Big Data Platforms

The inherent characteristics of big data lies in its voluminous scale, varied data formats, and swift processing velocity. The intrinsic characteristics of big data undermine the efficacy of conventional data security techniques and data management standards, consequently compromising the security of big data. As a consequence, big data possesses susceptibilities to security incidents, including unauthorized data access, data manipulation, and data compromise throughout the transmission, storage, and processing stages. Conventional information system security risk assessment methodologies are constrained by human resources and computational techniques, rendering them unsuitable for direct application to big data platforms. Consequently, there is an urgent necessity to develop a risk assessment framework tailored specifically for big data environments, capable of quantifying potential risks and losses. In response to this need, we have devised an automated risk assessment theory that assimilates the unique characteristics of big data with traditional quantitative methods, introducing a risk metric system suited to the big data context. Utilizing the risk-related data generated during operations on the big data platform, we train a decision tree model to derive the weights for each risk indicator. These weights are then employed to conduct a weighted summation of the operational risk indicators, thereby achieving a quantitative evaluation of the platform's risk profile. To substantiate the proposed framework, experiments were conducted on a simulated big data platform. The experimental outcomes demonstrate that, compared to existing quantitative risk assessment methodologies, our approach enables an automatic, objective, and efficient assessment and quantification of the risks associated with tangible assets and data processing operations within the big data platform.

Artificial Neural Networks for Mapping Coastal Lagoon of Chilika Lake, India, Using Earth Observation Data

This study presents the environmental mapping of the Chilika Lake coastal lagoon, India, using satellite images Landsat 8-9 OLI/TIRS processed using machine learning (ML) methods. The largest brackish water coastal lagoon in Asia, Chilika Lake, is a wetland of international importance included in the Ramsar site due to its rich biodiversity, productivity, and precious habitat for migrating birds and rare species. The vulnerable ecosystems of the Chilika Lagoon are subject to climate effects (monsoon effects) and anthropogenic activities (overexploitation through fishing and pollution by microplastics). Such environmental pressure results in the eutrophication of the lake, coastal erosion, fluctuations in size, and changes in land cover types in the surrounding landscapes. The habitat monitoring of the coastal lagoons is complex and difficult to implement with conventional Geographic Information System (GIS) methods. In particular, landscape variability, patch fragmentation, and landscape dynamics play a crucial role in environmental dynamics along the eastern coasts of the Bay of Bengal, which is strongly affected by the Indian monsoon system, which controls the precipitation pattern and ecosystem structure. To improve methods of environmental monitoring of coastal areas, this study employs the methods of ML and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), which present a powerful tool for computer vision, image classification, and analysis of Earth Observation (EO) data. Multispectral satellite data were processed by several ML image classification methods, including Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and the ANN-based MultiLayer Perceptron (MLP) Classifier. The results are compared and discussed. The ANN-based approach outperformed the other methods in terms of accuracy and precision of mapping. Ten land cover classes around the Chilika coastal lagoon were identified via spatio-temporal variations in land cover types from 2019 until 2024. This study provides ML-based maps implemented using Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS) GIS image analysis software and aims to support ML-based mapping approach of environmental processes over the Chilika Lake coastal lagoon, India.

CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS FOR SCALING DATA FLOWS IN THE INDUSTRY 4.0 ECOSYSTEM IN INDUSTRY AND BUSINESS

The information technology integration processes into manufacturing and logistics are often described by the term "Industry 4.0". This term includes various approaches in digitalization, automation and interconnection in various industrial sectors. The integration of advanced technologies into manufacturing creates large flows of data that conventional industry information systems are often unable to process and respond to in a timely manner. That can create delays and errors that can lead to inefficiencies in supply chains, delays in production, and communication between industrial sectors in addition in problems of transparency and accountability of information systems in the "Industry 4.0" ecosystem, problems with security, data integrity, real-time process tracking, etc. Therefore, it is an important task to research new methods of managing data flows in information systems in the "Industry 4.0" ecosystem, which can improve interaction and accelerate the adoption of information technologies in industry and logistics.

Leveraging Information and Communication Technologies in Forest Ecotourism: A Case Study from Poland

Ecotourism encompasses various forms of tourism which are implemented in accordance with the principles of sustainable development of the EU. They maintain a balance between the three pillars of sustainable development: economic development, sustainable use of natural resources, and respect for social and cultural values. Ecotourism in forests holds particular significance due to its ability to sustain the ecological, social, and economic integrity of these areas. Activities promoting access to forests focus on ensuring a safe and enriching experience for forest users while simultaneously conserving nature. In response to the needs of forest tourism and recreation enthusiasts, innovative developments and new information and communications technologies (ICTs) such as websites, web platforms, mobile apps, QR codes, and others are being introduced with increasing frequency. These technologies already have a wide range of applications in providing access to tourism information and services in other sectors of tourism management and are now supplanting conventional sightseeing information systems. This paper aims to present the activities currently underway in connection with the development of a new tourism and recreation offering in the forests owned by the State Treasury and managed by the State Forests National Forest Holding in Poland. The research involved conducting an environmental survey among representatives of all forest districts in Poland (n = 425). A questionnaire survey was created using the Microsoft Forms web-based programme and made available online to representatives of all State Forests’ forest districts in Poland participating in the Stay Overnight in the Forest programme. The scope of this paper covers the present day, with a primary focus on desk research and analysis of statistics and source materials pertaining to the period from 2007 to 2022, retrieved from internal documents and reports prepared by the General Directorate of the State Forests. The research demonstrated that technological innovations such as mobile apps, social media, websites, web portals, and YouTube TV, when employed for developing forest tourism and forest recreation in Poland, can contribute to the advancement of the forest’s non-productive role, namely, a social role and in particular, the tourism, leisure, and recreational function of the State Forests.

Research on the Application of Information Management System in the Laboratory of Power Generation Enterprises

Information management systems have achieved many application results in the management of metrological calibration and chemical testing laboratories facing society, but there are few research and application cases that combine the two information systems. The power generation enterprise is equipped with both a metrological calibration laboratory and a chemical testing laboratory. Huadian Laizhou Power Generation Co., Ltd. and Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co., Ltd. have jointly developed an information system that can manage both laboratory businesses simultaneously. Starting from practical cases, this article discusses the development feasibility of this information system, its differences from conventional laboratory information systems, and the innovation points implemented in the project from the perspectives of information technology and software function settings.

Design of Zaen Hotel Syariah Information System Based on Website

Zaen Syariah Hotel still uses a conventional information system, which is less efective and ineffecient because it take a long time and requires data search in bookkeeping. In an effort to improve the design of the information system, imporovements need to be made to the manual room resevation administration and manual data management as well. The goal of designing this information system is to facilitate acces and data retrieval. By using the information system at zaen syariah hotel, the admin can easily an quickly navigate through the hotel’s information system. The method used in designing this information system include data collction through interview and literature study, data collection through Unfied Modeling Language (UML) using use case diagrams, sequence diagram, activity diagrams, dan class diagrams

Statistical learning and big data applications

Abstract The amount of data generated in the field of laboratory medicine has grown to an extent that conventional laboratory information systems (LISs) are struggling to manage and analyze this complex, entangled information (“Big Data”). Statistical learning, a generalized framework from machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) is predestined for processing “Big Data” and holds the potential to revolutionize the field of laboratory medicine. Personalized medicine may in particular benefit from AI-based systems, especially when coupled with readily available wearables and smartphones which can collect health data from individual patients and offer new, cost-effective access routes to healthcare for patients worldwide. The amount of personal data collected, however, also raises concerns about patient-privacy and calls for clear ethical guidelines for “Big Data” research, including rigorous quality checks of data and algorithms to eliminate underlying bias and enable transparency. Likewise, novel federated privacy-preserving data processing approaches may reduce the need for centralized data storage. Generative AI-systems including large language models such as ChatGPT currently enter the stage to reshape clinical research, clinical decision-support systems, and healthcare delivery. In our opinion, AI-based systems have a tremendous potential to transform laboratory medicine, however, their opportunities should be weighed against the risks carefully. Despite all enthusiasm, we advocate for stringent added-value assessments, just as for any new drug or treatment. Human experts should carefully validate AI-based systems, including patient-privacy protection, to ensure quality, transparency, and public acceptance. In this opinion paper, data prerequisites, recent developments, chances, and limitations of statistical learning approaches are highlighted.

Guidance Framework for Developing IoT-Enabled Systems' Cybersecurity.

Internet of Things (IoT) faces security concerns different from existing challenges in conventional information systems connected through the Internet because of their limited resources and heterogeneous network setups. This work proposes a novel framework for securing IoT objects, the key objective of which is to assign different Security Level Certificates (SLC) for IoT objects according to their hardware capabilities and protection measures implemented. Objects with SLCs, therefore, will be able to communicate with each other or with the Internet in a secure manner. The proposed framework is composed of five phases, namely: classification, mitigation guidelines, SLC assignment, communication plan, and legacy integration. The groundwork relies on the identification of a set of security attributes, termed security goals. By performing an analysis on common IoT attacks, we identify which of these security goals are violated for specific types of IoT. The feasibility and application of the proposed framework is illustrated at each phase using the smart home as a case study. We also provide qualitative arguments to demonstrate how the deployment of our framework solves IoT specific security challenges.

The Development of a Design Theory for Web Based Information Systems

There is a common assumption among individuals that the complexity involved in developing novel systems utilizing Web technologies implies that Information Systems (IS) that are Web-based must possess fundamental and significant distinctions from conventional IS. This study raises skepticism regarding the veracity of this claim. The literature pertaining to academic research, manuals, and sales material frequently espouses optimistic claims regarding the capabilities of e-commerce and e-business technologies and applications, often grounded in the assumption of novelty associated with the Internet. The objective of the research is to establish a systematic classification system for information systems theory based on its efficacy in addressing four fundamental objectives: analysis, explanation, prescription, and prediction. This study utilized both experimental and descriptive qualitative methodologies. Subsequent to the analysis phase in the system development cycle of information technology, the design phase ensues. The results indicate that the evolution of an information technology system can be delineated by its phases of requirement specification, design planning, and execution. The manifestation of this phenomenon is observed through the development of a strategic blueprint, the production of a visual representation or draft, or the organization of multiple components into a functional entirety. In conclusion, it is imperative for information systems to give priority to both the user and the integration of the system.

Data Driven Process-Based Unicage Architecture

Digital transformation necessitates the creation of business value or innovation using digital technology in every industry. Enterprises are facing an unprecedented business environment and competition for resources and market, which forces them to be more adaptive. Consequently, their Enterprise Information Systems (EIS) must also be adaptive. The conventional information system architecture has high dependencies between their application components to realize the loosely-coupled, microservice application architecture required for adaptiveness. In this paper, we propose a loosely-coupled, process-based enterprise information system architecture - Unicage - which consists of business, application, data, and technology architectures, especially for Enterprise Resource Planning system, with only input and output data-based building blocks. As a result, it enables a Full Cycle Development. We also propose a model for the architecture using ArchiMate.

Sistem Informasi Perincian Tarif Rawat Inap Berbasis Website di Puskesmas Maurole

Currently, information systems and technology have developed very rapidly. One of the fields that are highly demanded to take advantage of developments in technology and information is the health sector. Information system is a network of procedures that are interconnected and work together to process certain data and turn it into a more useful form called information. Maurole Public Health Center is one of the health centers in the Ende district which currently still uses the conventional information system for the breakdown of inpatient rates. In providing services, puskesmas earn income from the services and facilities provided, one of which is inpatient services, where the income for these services comes from the tariffs that must be paid by inpatient service users. To be able to produce detailed information on inpatient rates, puskesmas are required to be able to carry out operational needs efficiently according to the functions carried out so that their goals are achieved by utilizing technological and information developments. The purpose of this study is that researchers want to build a website-based information system for inpatient rates. The research method used is a type of quantitative research. Data collection techniques by means of observation, interviews and literature study. The system development method uses waterfall and the test uses blackbox testing. This system can simplify and assist finance staff in the breakdown of rates to generate total costs.

Planning and Analyzing Transit Networks: An Integrated Approach Regarding Requirements of Passengers and Operators

Providing an equally sufficient and efficient transit service requires careful planning and permanent monitoring of service quality, operating costs, and revenues. These requirements need a model that is capable of determining impacts on passengers as well as operators. Additionally, it is important to provide suitable and powerful methods to design and to modify the transit network. The transport planning software VISUM attempts to fulfill these requirements. In contrast to conventional Geographic Information Systems (GIS), which are extended to provide specific functionality for transit planning, VISUM is a comprehensive transportation model with additional GIS functionality. It seeks to fill the gap between conventional GIS programs and vehicle scheduling programs.

Dynamic Optimization Modeling of Smart Tourism Information System Using VRGIS in Big Data Environment.

The establishment of an intelligent, comprehensive, and all-encompassing information system for tourism management is the current trend in tourism informatization as a result of the continual development of modern information technology. Significant advancements in the field of VRGIS and its usage in research have been made as a result of the use of VRGIS to categorize, assess, plan, and manage tourism resources. The analysis of the recent development of VRGIS in tourism resource research is the first section of this work. This study examines and implements a mobile, computerized, and intelligent tourism service system that gives visitors a sense of the surrounding landscape using VRGIS. Three-dimensional mapping, environment detection, personal trajectory, and Weibo sharing are just a few of the system's many helpful features. While travelling, tourists can get services that are more intelligent and practical. The drawbacks of conventional geographic information systems include their reliance on sophisticated models, network limitations, and operational challenges. New software architecture is put in place to get rid of network restrictions, virtual reality peripherals are used to make operation more convenient, and system modeling is rebuilt using the TIN data model and model simplification. The results of experiments show improved refresh rates and peripheral expansion modules. The user experience is enhanced by this research.

A Study of Permissioned Blockchain-Based Framework for Land Ownership Tracking in Indonesia

The rapid development of the economy in Indonesia has made land an important asset. The land registry system in Indonesia or known as Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematik Lengkap (PTSL) is enforced by the government to govern land property ownership management. However, the current land registry uses a conventional information system which lacks the ability to track data changes and verify their integrity, especially in land ownership documents. Introduction of unintended or fraudulent changes to the data may be made to look natural. This could be identified from the possibility of unauthorized users tampering and modifying the data in the land ownership document. Usually, they modify the data in land ownership documents mainly for their own personal gains or some might even attempt to monopolize the land transactions market or conduct illegal acts such as corruption. This prolonged issue could further lead to land disputes and uncertainty in land ownership issues. Therefore, this paper aims to propose a proof-of-authority permissioned blockchain concept to digitize and track land ownership registration. By utilizing blockchain technology, all of the records will be validated and stored securely in the blockchain network. In addition, permissioned access is added to only allow authorized users able to access the system; thus only specific users are able to perform actions on the system and are required to identify themselves. Through this proposed solution, the integrity of changes in land ownership documents can be achieved and validated.

Development Strategy of College Sports Information Management System Using Data Mining in Mobile Internet Environment.

A strong basis has been set for the digitization of school management by the growth of big data and the Internet. However, there is not specialised software that can be used in schools to handle teaching materials and carry out teaching activities, particularly in school physical education. Most teachers struggle with significant information management issues in the conventional college sports management information system. Along with people's interest in physical education in colleges and universities, the study of the college sports management information system's development plan has emerged as the primary research area in the present day. The use of data mining in the development strategy of the sports management information system was therefore considered in conjunction with the actual situation of school sports information management. The experiment also introduced and provided a detailed explanation of the algorithm used in data mining. To fully explore the system strategy's development impact was the specific goal. In order to realise the management function of the sports management information system, serve the information management of each school, increase information management efficiency by 6.58%, and improve user satisfaction; data mining was introduced into the development strategy of management information system through the discovery of experimental data.

What Impact of Social Networks on Farmers' Performances. Case of The Milk Sector in Ghardaïa, Algeria.

In many developing countries, farmers are struggling to improve their productivity and economic performance. This is due to the markets' imperfections, including information market. Numerous empirical studies point to the limitations of the so-called conventional information system set up by public institutions, which forces farmers to bear significant additional transaction costs to access information. These limits have led to the emergence of other modes of information transfer, of which collaboration seems to be the most successful. Social networks, by their very conception, have allowed this mode to materialise and develop rapidly. Algeria is no exception, since these techniques are found in some of the country's agricultural contexts. By analyzing the dairy value chain in the wilaya of Ghardaïa (South of the country), we evaluate in this study the impact of the use of social networks on farmers' performance. We surveyed 50 farmers in the region, randomly selected using the snowball method – one respondent leads to another. The results highlight the relevance of information obtained from social networks, which allows farmers to make savings (13,000 DZD per year per dairy cow: production and transaction costs) and technical changes, and thus leads to a significant improvement in productivity and economic performance (net profit per year per dairy cow: 170,000 DZD versus 78,000 DZD, net profit per litre of milk: 20 DZD versus 11 DZD respectively). The study shows, however, that the use of social networks is not generalized and remains subject to structural variables specific to farmers such as age and level of education.

Human Capital Management System Framework A Case Study in Malaysia

This study was initiated by discussions on organizational management theory and led readers to explore issues in organizational management that focused on humanity. There is criticism from previous researchers on the weakness and neglect of this concept of humanity in the theory of conventional information system management. The literature review of the prior study also found neglect of focus on the human being and the weaknesses that need to be improved in developing the Human Capital Management system framework. This study aims to develop a framework that empowers a key focus of humanity management. In developing the Human Capital Management system, decisions are taken to apply conventional information management theory with humanity management theory by focusing on human capital improvements. A case study on the organization through interviews using a purposive sampling approach has been conducted. As a result of the case studies, a Human Capital Management system framework which is named HCM-i, was developed. Thus, in the future time, it is hoped that this framework can be adapted in any information systems development as part of the social-technical approach.

Automatic Horizontal Curve Identification for Large Areas from Geographic Information System Roadway Centerlines

The geography of horizontal roadway curves is critical to various disciplines, especially to transportation safety, because of their strong correlation with traffic crashes. Remarkably, conventional geographic information system (GIS) roadway centerlines, while fundamental and ubiquitous in current geospatial databases, do not include curve inventories. This study presents an improved method for automatic horizontal curve identification using GIS roadway centerline networks as the data source. Analyzing each vertex of the network geometry, this method identifies the curves by detecting deflections from straight lines using a vertex deflection angle threshold. Different from literature that uses a static threshold, this method develops and applies a dynamic threshold by considering two variables—the roadway speed and the centerline vertex density. The method is capable of self-adjusting using k-means clustering to compensate for uneven centerline digitization. The method can also detect spiral transitions and can handle the complexities of street networks represented using dual centerlines. The testing and validation of the method were performed on a large dataset by applying a combination of goodness of fit metric and visual inspection. The results show that this method improves curve identification accuracy and can provide broader applicability for curve identification using GIS centerlines of various representations and digitization quality in large geographic areas.

Critical Approaches to GIS and Spatial Mapping in Indonesia Forest Management and Conservation

The conventional Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and spatial mapping techniques fail to understand a spatially complex forest area. This is because forest landscapes cannot be easily mapped into a two-dimensional map, which is usually used in spatial planning. In addition, planning maps are the fundamental factors of land grabbing issues. To solve this problem, counter-mapping arises at the local level as a tool to overcome the problem of land grabbing in forest areas in Indonesia. Counter mapping is defined here as part of a broader term under participatory mapping or citizen mapping. However, counter-mapping also faces critiques in terms of different epistemological and socio-economic-political conditions at the local level. This article elaborates the use of GIS and spatial mapping methods within a 'critical' social science approach based on literature review and field experiences. This article also aims to analyze counter-mapping as a ‘tool’ to solve the forest land-use problem, which can contribute to the choice of policy instruments in forest management and conservation in Indonesia.

Environmental geology assessment on the regional Pitay landfill site: a case study in Kupang, Indonesia

The Provincial Government of East Nusa Tenggara of Eastern Indonesia has intended to construct a new regional landfill site in Pitay–Kupang, which would accommodate municipal waste of two cities. Considering that environmental degradation in landfill sites has been a substantial issue for many developing cities in Indonesia, this study evaluates the pre-determined site on a local scale based on environmental geology parameters. It employs a conventional Geographical Information System based—Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (GIS-MCDA) method which is based on the analysis of regional criterion, assessed by expressing values on each parameter presented on thematic maps and overlaid altogether as a screening process, and the exclusion criterion analysis, which sets a buffer zone to filter out irrelevant locations. The regional criterion parameters are: Lithology, groundwater depth, slope gradient and rainfall intensity, whilst the exclusion criterion parameters are: Distance from rivers and lakes, shorelines, settlements, main roads, airports and protected areas, distance from potential geological hazards such as fault zones, floods and mass movements, and distance from any geological potential which may be developed in the future. The biggest area reduction for suitable landfill site candidate is lithology, correlating with groundwater depths, and distance from rivers. Here we identified four potential sites located west and centre of Pitay, situated on Bobonaro scaly clay lithology unit, arguably possessing no groundwater with a slope gradient of 0–20%, rainfall intensity below 1000 mm, and is distant from any potential hazards, promising geological resources and other unfavorable criteria relating to environmental degradation.