Conventional Imagery Research Articles

The functionality of dream reality in an emigrant text

(E)migration as a kind of initiation stage in the fate of an emigrant, when one’s life seems to start from scratch, typologically defines an emigrant text as a structure of incorporation into the social layers of a new society. This process happens mostly unconsciously and is characterized by certain typological markers, such as reference to mythological and folkloric sources, pretexts from home and world culture, stylizations, carnival, parodies, etc. In this sense, a collection by Ilya Lipkovich, Stan Lipovetsky and Igor Mandel titled “Morpheus and Orpheus. Both Dreams and Spirits: Eyewitness Dreams and Poet’s Commentary” is a model of emigrant writing, broadcasting archetypal conventional imagery systems and allowing a reader to survive the traumatic situation of the still incomplete transition.

Efficacy And Acceptability Of Virtual Reality Imagery Rescripting For Ptsd Due To Childhood Sexual Abuse: A Multiple Baseline Study

This study piloted the efficacy and acceptability of Virtual Reality Imagery Rescripting (VR-ImRs) compared to conventional Imagery Rescripting (ImRs) for PTSD due to childhood sexual abuse (CSA). Eight adult patients with clinician-rated PTSD due to CSA as their primary diagnosis participated, of whom six completed the full treatment. A non-concurrent multiple baseline design with cross-over elements was used, with randomly assigned baseline lengths and treatment conditions. After baseline and a 5-session ‘education and exploration’ phase, six sessions of either ImRs or VR-ImRs were given, followed by another six sessions of the opposite treatment condition and a 5-week follow-up without treatment. The primary outcome was PTSD symptoms (PCL-5), and secondary outcomes were negative and positive emotions (added PCL-5 items), anxiety and depressive symptoms (HADS) and trauma-related cognitions (PTCI). Data were analyzed with mixed regression. Results showed a significant linear reduction of trauma symptoms and negative emotions only during ImRs. No significant treatment effects on positive emotion, anxiety and depressive symptoms were found for both treatment conditions. Both treatment conditions showed significant positive effects on trauma-related cognitions. This study does not support the efficacy of VR-ImRs in reducing PTSD symptoms. Possibly VR-ImRs keeps people from reprocessing their memories, making it less effective.

Genre-thematic features of a fiction-documentary story in the adyghe (adyghe, kabardian, and circassian) literatures

The study of the moral, aesthetic, spiritual, historical, and cultural characteristics in any nation through the analysis of national fiction is an essential method to understand modern society since reality is the object of its representation. Therefore, in this presented article, attempts are made to identify the peculiarities of the worldview of a modern artist, stable models for constructing a fictional documentary text, and the variety of authentic and conventional imagery in the genre of the story.It should be emphasized that this genre recreates a holistic picture of the ethnocultural development of the Adyghe peoples (Adyghe, Kabardians, Circassians), reflecting their spiritual heritage, which makes it possible to take a worthy place in the literary process of the 20th century. The relevance of the research is determined by its innovative nature associated with the analysis of unexplored works of the Adyghe literature. According to the study results, it was concluded that the study of the tendency in the development of national literature from the point of view of borrowing aesthetic experience, structural models, motives, images, artistic and visual means, and methods of oral folk art, it also has features that bring them closer to the documentary prose of the literature North Caucasus folks. The results obtained have theoretical significance for the further coverage of national literature. They can provide significant practical guidance during the research of the historical dynamics of national literature in the context of interaction with the literature of other ethnic groups of the Russian Federation and in the preparation of special courses in universities and colleges.

Student vulnerabilities and confidence in learning in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

ABSTRACT How did the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic impact student learning in higher education? Everywhere, Sars-CoV-2 struck hardest in the most disadvantaged communities. This paper asks whether the virus's disproportionate effect on more vulnerable groups is replicated among college and university students. Data come from approximately 3800 students studying at nine higher education institutions located in six different countries around the globe. Conventional imagery of the ‘Ivory Tower’ treats colleges and universities as cloistered academic spaces beyond the ‘real world.’ Such imagery suggests that the patterns of COVID-19 inequity seen in the general population might not hold within higher education. However, the composition of the post-secondary student body has become more diverse and more representative. This could mean that patterns of inequity from the general population might hold, although perhaps at muted strength, among college and university students. We investigate the higher education context, asking how the characteristics of students, such as their gender or family background, their digital access, and their living arrangements during the COVID-19 pandemic, impacted their self-reported ability to learn. The paper finds that students in more difficult situations – no study space, too much noise, and poorer health – reported greater disruption to their learning than did their peers who experienced fewer challenging living arrangements. Vulnerability, as measured by students in traditionally marginalized positions, had smaller impacts on student's confidence in learning.

Advanced Brain Imaging in Preterm Infants: A Narrative Review of Microstructural and Connectomic Disruption.

Preterm birth disrupts the in utero environment, preventing the brain from fully developing, thereby causing later cognitive and behavioral disorders. Such cerebral alteration occurs beneath an anatomical scale, and is therefore undetectable by conventional imagery. Prematurity impairs the microstructure and thus the histological process responsible for the maturation, including the myelination. Cerebral MRI diffusion tensor imaging sequences, based on water’s motion into the brain, allows a representation of this maturation process. Similarly, the brain’s connections become disorganized. The connectome gathers structural and anatomical white matter fibers, as well as functional networks referring to remote brain regions connected one over another. Structural and functional connectivity is illustrated by tractography and functional MRI, respectively. Their organizations consist of core nodes connected by edges. This basic distribution is already established in the fetal brain. It evolves greatly over time but is compromised by prematurity. Finally, cerebral plasticity is nurtured by a lifetime experience at microstructural and macrostructural scales. A preterm birth causes a negative and early disruption, though it can be partly mitigated by positive stimuli based on developmental neonatal care.

Urban Imagery in the Old English Exodus and its Hermeneutics

Abstract The present article offers a critical reading of the Old English Exodus, a poem that is an Old English versified adaptation of an episode from the biblical story of Exodus that narrates Israelites’ passage across the Red Sea and the destruction of Pharaoh’s army. The aim of this article is to analyse the poem’s urban and exilic imagery that strongly relies on the metaphorical representation of the Israelites as a city, as they are actually in exile and on the way to Canaan, and of the metaphorical representation of the walls of the Red Sea as the walls of a hall that is destroyed along with the Egyptian army. The argument of the present article is that in Exodus the poet uses the imagery of a hall and exile, derived from heroic and secular verse, as a hermeneutic key to read the biblical exodus typologically, tropologically, and anagogically. The metaphor of the key that opens the Scripture, which the poet uses in Exodus, encourages the reader to unveil the hidden meaning of the narrative. The poet inverts the conventional imagery of the hall and exile in the poem to emphasise narrative moments that require the reader to explore the letter of the poem for additional layers or signification.

The Dynamic Dialectic and the Eclectic Plaintive Rhythm in Bembeya Jazz’s, Black Beats Music

The foremost line of the post-independent music evolves especially, from a simple to a more compound whole within the understanding of convention of representation and the association of experience become structural materials. Thereby, the basic component of conventional imagery, and the colonialist dynamic straightforward influences frame a new idiosyncratic type that evaluates the establishment of realty, memory and symbol. Correspondingly, through the foundation of intellectual and artistic image, the commensurate imagination of the musical nationalism schedule moves afar unconscious and insensate sensitivity. Indeed, the cultural and artistic body of the Bembeya Jazz and the Black Beats Band deconstruct the colonialist conventional perception of productivity; then, through extensive collective relation with their time and space, their nationalistic music exhibits boundaries of cross-examination regarding the realm of recombination, reconciliation and re-appropriation. Within the respect of material imagination and objective reality, verbal text, and contemporary Western musical instruments become the developing artistic cosmos within a new social and linguistic narrative is structured. Hence, the commitment of this article stands as a diagnostic process within we try to grasp the rapport of the indigenous value of imagination and the transcontinental stylistic effects inside the historio-context of redefining the self, sociolinguistic reflectivity, and perceptive sensibility in post-independent era.

Hyperspectral and multispectral imaging in digital and computational pathology: a systematic review [Invited

Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and multispectral imaging (MSI) technologies have the potential to transform the fields of digital and computational pathology. Traditional digitized histopathological slides are imaged with RGB imaging. Utilizing HSI/MSI, spectral information across wavelengths within and beyond the visual range can complement spatial information for the creation of computer-aided diagnostic tools for both stained and unstained histological specimens. In this systematic review, we summarize the methods and uses of HSI/MSI for staining and color correction, immunohistochemistry, autofluorescence, and histopathological diagnostic research. Studies include hematology, breast cancer, head and neck cancer, skin cancer, and diseases of central nervous, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary systems. The use of HSI/MSI suggest an improvement in the detection of diseases and clinical practice compared with traditional RGB analysis, and brings new opportunities in histological analysis of samples, such as digital staining or alleviating the inter-laboratory variability of digitized samples. Nevertheless, the number of studies in this field is currently limited, and more research is needed to confirm the advantages of this technology compared to conventional imagery.

Creativity, self-reflection and subversion: poetry writing for Global Englishes awareness raising

The current study evaluates the outcomes of a pedagogical task designed to support creative writing pedagogies for second language students and to encourage self-reflection and self-exploration of English. The emancipatory potential and promotion of active learning was seen as conducive to a Global Englishes Language Teaching (GELT) framework in which the course was embedded. Participants were EAP students at a Japanese university, where EAP content utilised Global Englishes for Language Teaching (GELT) subject matter. Poem writing tasks were introduced to develop learners’ creative writing skills, individual voice and confidence as multicompetent language users. Analysis of the poems revealed that the task encouraged both self-reflection and creativity and offered opportunities for poetic subversion against the centripetal discourses of English. Through creative play with poetic expression, learners manipulated conventional imagery into original expressions of their own experiences, demonstrating how writing poems had an empowering effect against questions that surround global English language use. Through their poems, learners showed a positive attitude towards English, without giving up their own cultural strengths and individual positions.

Claiming the mystical self in new modernist Uyghur poetry

By recuperating the Sufi poetics of the Uyghur past, “avant-garde” Uyghur poets such as Tahir Hamut and Perhat Tursun are claiming a right to speak as heirs to both a religious and a literary tradition. For these modernist poets, finding one’s own way forward through the past is a way of reclaiming the discourse surrounding Uyghur identity, and the cultural symbols built into it, as an extension of the self. By channeling affect in such a way that it appears to derive from conventional Uyghur imagery, these poets demonstrate a measure of self-mastery that restores a feeling of existential security in the midst of political and religious change. This article argues that the purpose of their poems is to force the reader to accept new interpretations of images of Sufi embodiment and spirituality as valid and powerful. It further claims that the new indexing of Sufi imagery in this emerging corpus disrupts the unity of Uyghur poetry in the genres of Chinese Socialist Realism and ethno-nationalist Uyghur tradition, not in a negative process, but in order to create new forms of thought and subjectivity. It forces the reader to interpret the world not by trying to return to mythical Uyghur origins or reaching for a Socialist or an Islamic utopia but instead as a means of self-determination and affirming contemporary life itself.

Les Muses sacrées: poésie et théâtre de la Réforme entre France et Italie. Sous la direction de Véronique Ferrer et Rosanna Gorris Camos.

These nineteen essays propose an in-depth examination of Reformation poetry and theatre, two sub-genres that have not drawn much critical attention lately. The overall concentration on aesthetic, stylistic, and thematic choices is meant to shed light on the specificities of Protestant writing, as expressed initially through biblical paraphrases and contrafactum. A clear opposition to mainstream (Catholic) poets as well as partisan and courtly productions such as Ronsard’s Discours, would allow for the establishment of an authentically Christian spiritual poetry without neglecting the erudition and aesthetic renewal characteristic of the Pléiade. This tension results in two distinct directions that Reformation poetry would take, which shows the difficulty in reconciling religious difference and literary traditions: spiritual, confessional, and anti-Ronsard; biblical, irenic, and inspired by Ronsard. It is certainly unfortunate, and this is doubtless the collection’s most regrettable flaw, that polemical productions have been largely left out, although this decision allows for a more homogeneous investigation of the Christian muse. Mario Richter opens the discussion by looking into the concept of grace and its problematic relationship to liberty in Calvinist poets such as Théodore de Bèze, Guillaume de Salluste Du Bartas, or Jean de Sponde. Véronique Ferrer is interested in the didactic functions of poetry, and Max Engammare, along those lines, analyses poems added to Protestant Bible translations. His investigation of paraphrases of the Psalms leads Jean Vignes to affirm the overwhelming influence of poets such as Marot, Ronsard, or Du Bellay on both sides of the confessional divide, similarly to what Letizia Mafale finds with regard to Guillaume Guéroult’s Chansons spirituelles oscillating between Calvinist and humanist influences, or Mariangela Miotti studying Ronsard’s influence on André de Rivaudeau’s poetry. Concetta Cavallini analyses another example of translatio studii, Vittoria Colonna’s spiritual Petrarchism, an approach that Davide Dalmas applies to the Canzone alla Vergine via the Pasquil. Anna Bettoni revisits early Bible translations from an anti-conformist angle, focusing on François Perrot’s Perles d’eslite (1577) and the importance of cultural transmission. Similar aesthetic concerns guide Bruno Petey-Girard’s reading of Pierre Poupo’s Muse chrestienne and the rare periphrastic sonnet. Isabelle Garnier reads Odet de La Noue’s Poesies chrestiennes as a posthumous dialogue with Ronsard, contributing to the appeasement of confessional tensions under Henri IV. Frank Lestringant contributes a reading of the ending of Book 5 of Agrippa d’Aubigné’s Les Tragiques, focusing on the negative transformation of conventional imagery and the ensuing corrective appeal of the inverted world-topos. Two texts of Jean-Baptiste Chassignet lead Michele Mastroianni to the conclusion of the poet’s moderate Catholicism. In the realm of theatre, Olivier Millet explores the potential for evangelical propaganda in the morality play La Vérité cachée. Cultural appropriation, allegory, and comedy inform Eugenio Refini’s reading of Jacques Bienvenu’s Triomphe de Jésus Christ, a translation of the English Calvinist John Foxe’s Christus triumphans. The Christianization of the language of tragedy interests Filippo Fassina (semantic changes, amplificatio, ideological variants). Jean-Claude Ternaux analyses the militant, perverted use of tragedy in Joachim de Coignac’s La Desconfiture de Goliath; Riccardo Benedettini the theme of salvation in Louis Des Masures’s David; and Daniele Spezari closes this rich and readable volume with comments on the interplay of speech and silence in Antoine de La Croix’s Tragi-comédie.

Improving motor imagery BCI with user response to feedback

In brain-computer interface (BCI) systems, the non-stationarity of brain signals is known to be a challenge for training robust classifiers as other brain processes produce signals that coincide with those resulting from the desired brain activity. One source of interference is the user's cognitive response to the provided BCI feedback. In the case of motor imagery paradigms, this feedback can for instance be a cursor moving on the screen. The response to such feedback has been shown in general to be a source of noise that can add to the non-stationarity of the brain signal; however, in this work, we show that the user’s brain response to this feedback can be used to improve the BCI performance. We first show in a motor imagery task that the user’s brain responds to the direction of cursor movement, which is different for the cursor moving towards or away from the target (i.e. BCI feedback), and this feedback-related information is present in frequency bands similar to those used in motor imagery. Next, we propose a classifier that combines the user response to feedback together with the motor imagery signal itself, and show that this combined classifier can significantly outperform a conventional motor imagery classifier. Our results show an average of 11% and up to 22% improvement in classification accuracy across 10 participants.

Compreensão de frases gramaticais com nível de especificidade e esquematicidade por pessoas com Alzheimer: uma análise psicolinguística e cognitiva.

Esta pesquisa objetivou identificar se, na doença de Alzheimer, existe comprometimento na compreensão de frases gramaticais no nível de especificidade, por meio da técnica de leitura automonitorada. No intuito de atingir nossos objetivos e respondermos nossas hipóteses, empreendemos um experimento para analisar: o tempo de reação na leitura da frase, o tempo de reação para leitura da pergunta de compreensão e escolha da resposta, e o índice de acerto nas perguntas de compreensão por adultos jovens (AJ) e idosos saudáveis (IS) como grupos controle, e idosos com provável Alzheimer (IPAI/IPAM) como grupo caso, considerando frases no nível de especificidade e esquematicidade. Participaram da aplicação dos experimentos, 10 AJ, 10 IS e 10 IPAI/IPAM, totalizando uma amostra de 30 sujeitos. Os resultados apontam que a pessoa com Alzheimer apresenta desempenho inferior na compreensão da imagética convencional, em termos de índice de acertos e de tempo de resposta, quando comparados com idosos sem declínio cognitivo. Como resultado do experimento, com relação ao nível de Especificidade, as pessoas com Alzheimer demandam maior tempo na leitura e em dar respostas em frases de esquematicidade, nas quais também se observa maior índice de erro nas respostas. Confirmou-se então a hipótese de que a compreensão da imagética convencional em frases gramaticais no nível de especificidade, estão afetadas desde os estágios iniciais da doença de Alzheimer, e acreditamos que seja influenciada pelo declínio cognitivo progressivo da memória de trabalho, da velocidade de processamento, da tomada de decisão e da orientação temporal e espacial.

Le syndrome de Cushing paranéoplasique, un vrai défi diagnostique et thérapeutique : à propos d’un cas et revue de la littérature

IntroductionParaneoplastic Cushing's syndrome is a rare cause of endogenous hypercortisolism attributable to ectopic ACTH secretion by non-pituitary tumors. Imaging and biochemical results are often inconclusive and differential diagnosis with Cushing's disease can then be challenging. Moreover, these tumors may be occult and difficult to find and thus the need of new imaging tools such as 18FDG-PET scan and 18DOPA-PET scan. Case reportWe report a 50-year-old man who presented with very aggressive clinical features related to Cushing's syndrome. Biological work-up confirmed the hypercortisolism and was consistent with an ectopic ACTH secretion. Conventional localization techniques failed to show any tumor and bilateral adrenalectomy was performed because of life-threatening complications. Two years later, thoracic computed tomography reveals an 11 mm mass in the left lower pulmonary lobe, 18FDG-PET scan found a non-specific mild hypermetabolism of the lung nodule, and the 18DOPA-PET scan confirmed the high uptake of this nodule suggesting an endocrine carcinoma. Histology confirmed a typical carcinoid tumor. The tumor cells stained positive for ACTH, CD56, chromogranin and synaptophysin. ConclusionThis case illustrates the dilemma between the need for morphological diagnosis of the ectopic ACTH source and control of the life-threatening hypercortisolism. 18FDG-PET scan and 18DOPA-PET scan should be considered early as a secondary diagnostic tool when conventional imagery fails to show any tumor.

The e-mediated (Google Earth) gaze: an observational and semiotic perspective

This paper provides an observational and introductory semiotic analysis of the sharing of recorded images through Google Earth to provide a benchmark against conventional imagery, based upon a theoretical discourse, and to question the changing nature of image recording and sharing and of the consequential constructions of a place that occur. It gives consideration to the complex sociological relationships between new technologies and the ability to now view destinations online, with photos, street views and a myriad range of information sources. Many photos are shared by tourists, and many by local people, and there are contested constructs of the destination image as a result.

Conventions of Closeness: Realism and the Creative Friendship of Elizabeth Bishop and Robert Lowell

While it has been productive to consider the creative friendship of Elizabeth Bishop and Robert Lowell as grounded in a “shared experience of outsider-hood,” their correspondence and the poems they inspired each other to write reveal a shared attraction to conventional imagery of communal belonging—national allegiance, heterosexual domesticity, and nostalgia for the classical realism of nineteenth-century novels. Bishop and Lowell were a queer couple for many reasons, but I argue that their conflation of conventionality and social critique resonates strongly with recent theories of counterculture in reflecting the possibility—often taken to be a nightmare of lyric poets—that one's inner life is inhabited and shaped by another.

Structuring spaces: oral poetics and architecture in early medieval England

In Structuring Spaces: Oral Poetics and Architecture in Early Medieval England, Lori Ann Garner illuminates the idiomatic and traditional meanings invested in depictions of architecture within the vernacular verse of early medieval England, portrayals that consistently demonstrate a shared aesthetic between literary texts and physical buildings. Through systematic exploration of the period's verbal and material culture as complementary art forms, Garner argues that in Anglo-Saxon England the arts of poetry and building emerged from the same cultural matrix. Not only did Anglo-Saxon builders and poets draw demonstrably from many of the same traditionally encoded motifs and images, but so rhetorically powerful was the period's architectural poetics that its expressive force continued in literature and architecture produced long after the Norman Conquest.Far from conceiving this inherited tradition as monolithic in nature, Structuring Spaces foregrounds the complex interface of orality and literacy as a nexus of varied and multivalent cultural traditions that influenced the production of texts and buildings alike. After establishing a model of architectural poetics based on oral theory and vernacular architecture, Garner explores fictionalized buildings in such works as Beowulf and the Ruin, architectural representation in Old English adaptations of Greek and Latin works, uses of architectural metaphor, and themes of buildings in Anglo-Saxon maxims, riddles, elegies, hagiographies, and charms. Her book draws on scholarship from art history, archaeology, anthropology, and architecture, as well as the great wealth of studies addressing the literature itself.Detailing the deeply interconnected relationship of Anglo-Saxon oral poetics and the architectonics of constructed space in the period, Lori Garner's Structuring Spaces makes a significant contribution. Her ability to put the material culture of the period, despite the truly fragmentary nature of the surviving evidence, into a direct and mutually illuminating dialogue with the discourse of oral poetics is very impressive and of considerable value to scholars in the several fields of medieval literature, medieval architecture, and oral theory. --Mark C. Amodio, Vassar CollegeIn this wide-ranging and lavishly-illustrated study, Lori Garner effectively aligns the established approach of oral poetics with insights from the emerging field of vernacular architecture. From Heorot to Grendel's mere, from the Mermedonian prison of Andreas to the nest of The Phoenix, from the Wife's earth-hall to Holofernes' tent, Garner's sensitive readings of the poetics of built spaces in Old English poetry open up new perspectives on conventional imagery that we only thought we knew how to read. --Charles D. Wright, University of Illinois

Hip–spine relations and sagittal balance clinical consequences

IntroductionThe role of the pelvic area in sagittal balance is evident for spinal surgeons, but the influence of the coxofemoral joint is underestimated and inadequately explained by conventional imagery. Comprehensive analysis of the pelvic and subpelvic sectors as part of the sagittal, frontal and cross-sectional balance of the trunk sheds new light on some spinal diseases and their relation to the pelvis.MethodsThis analysis, based on innovative radiologic methods as the EOS® technology but also on a new look at conventional imaging makes it possible to better analyze standing lateral images and seated images.ResultsDisturbances can come from atypical morphotypes or from unusual postures as in aging spine. The measurement of available extension and the concept of available flexion provide new information regarding individual’s adaptation to the imbalance induced by disorders of the spine or lower limbs.ConclusionA comprehensive assessment of each patient and in particular of the complex comprising the spine and the pelvis, is essential for understanding each individual’s adaptation to the imbalance induced by disorders of the spine or lower limbs.

Where’s the gate? Gating in the deep pore of the BKCa channel

Four α-helical segments at the intracellular entrance to the ion conduction pathway splaying open is the conventional imagery of a K+ channel opening to allow K+ ions and co-traversing water molecules to hop through the channel’s pore ([Fig. 1][1]) ([Armstrong, 2003][2]; [Swartz, 2004][3]). This

Visual Agenda-Setting & Proximity after Hurricane Katrina: A Study of Those Closest to the Event

Within the framework of visual agenda-setting, this study identifies the most memorable media images of Hurricane Katrina chosen by those closest to the event. Four hundred and sixty six Louisiana State University students responded to a qualitative survey 6 weeks after Katrina. Most participants chose the conventional, compelling, and repetitious imagery the media provided; thus visual agenda-setting was reflected in their choices. However, the closer the participants were to the news event, the more likely they were to abandon the dominant media image for one that struck closer to home: those affected chose personal images. Proximity appeared to mediate visuals and limit agenda-setting. This study also considered emotions evoked by the images as well as individual differences such as gender and ethnicity.