Conventional High Speed Research Articles

Investigation of GH3625 alloy: Contrasting microstructures, mechanical properties, and corrosion performance via conventional and extreme high speed laser material deposition

The GH3625 nickel alloy, known for its exceptional mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, has been widely adopted. Nonetheless, the current additive manufacturing (AM) of GH3625 alloy presents compromised strength and significant segregation, thus limiting its potential applications. To address these challenges, the utilization of the extreme high-speed laser material deposition (EHLA) process with its rapid cooling capabilities has been investigated, aiming to enhance grain refinement and suppress segregation. In this study, a comparative analysis was conducted between GH3625 nickel alloy sample fabricated by conventional laser material deposition (LMD) and the EHLA technique. The investigation covered thermal processes, microstructural evolution, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance. The EHLA-fabricated specimen exhibits a refined microstructure and elevated dislocation density attributed to the rapid solidification process. This leads to an impressive ultimate tensile strength of 1005 MPa, surpassing the LMD-deposited counterpart by 20 %. The Clyne-Kurz model outperforms the classic Scheil model in evaluating AM processes sensitive to cooling rates. Notably, the EHLA sample demonstrates reduced Nb segregation compared to the LMD sample. Furthermore, the formation of the precipitated Laves phase is reduced, and the concentrations of Nb and Mo within the dendritic structure are increased in the EHLA sample. Consequently, enhancements in pitting corrosion resistance and the protective effectiveness of passive films are observed.

Performance of Si-doped TiAlxN supernitride coated carbide tool during dry machining of Inconel 718 superalloy

Conventional high speed dry machining using uncoated carbide tool is challenging for machining of difficult-to-cut aerospace superalloy Inconel 718. On the other hand, coolant-assisted machining may not be a feasible solution always due to issues related to operator's safety and environmental protection. Use of harder tool materials is also not wise always in purview of production economics. Application of coated carbide tools is therefore being given importance since last several decades. In this context, present work examines performance of newly developed Si-doped TiAlxN supernitride nanocomposite (HSN2) coated carbide tool during dry machining of Inconel 718. Tool performance is assessed in perspectives of a few machinability criteria such as cutting force, tool-tip temperature and width of tool flank wear. Different tool wear mechanisms are explained in correlation with properties of tool substrate and coating material. The work also includes study of chip's micro-morphology. It is experienced that HSN2 coated tool outperforms uncoated WC-Co tool. As compared to uncoated tool, lower cutting force, reduced tool-tip temperature and shorter width of tool flank wear are obtained during application of HSN2 coated tool. HSN2 coated tool produces chips with better underside surface morphology and lower microhardness than its uncoated counterpart.HSN2 coated tool experiences ~17 % reduced temperature at the tool-tip when compared to uncoated counterpart, operated at cutting velocity = 47 m/min. As compared to uncoated carbide tool, HSN2 coated tool causes ~56 %, ~ 57 % and ~43 % reduced tangential cutting force, feed force and radial force respectively, at cutting velocity = 134 m/min. Usage of HSN2 coated tool causes lower flank wear (~ 15 % reduced) than that of uncoated counterpart, operated at the highest cutting speed (134 m/min). Chips evolved by using HSN2 coated tool corresponds to ~9 % reduced microhardness (within shear band) than that obtained using uncoated tool at cutting velocity = 103 m/min.

Thermal cycles, microstructures and mechanical properties of AA7075-T6 ultrathin sheet joints produced by high speed friction stir welding

0.5 mm thick AA 7075-T6 ultrathin sheets were butt jointed by conventional friction stir welding (C-FSW) and high speed friction stir welding (HS-FSW) under a constant rotational speed ( ω )/welding speed ( v ) ratio of 6.67 rad/mm using a pinless tool. In this study, the conventional ω of 2000 rpm and conventional v of 300 mm/min were adopted by C-FSW, and the high ω of 8000 rpm and high v of 1200 mm/min were adopted by HS-FSW. Compared with C-FSW, HS-FSW presented a fast heating and cooling rate thermal characteristic with a slightly higher peak temperature and significantly shorter elevated-temperature exposure time. Kissing bond defect was appeared in the weld bottom for C-FSW. While, no obvious defect was found in the weld obtained by HS-FSW. Compared with C-FSW, the proportion of deformed grains in the center of nugget zone (NZ) fabricated by HS-FSW was increased. For the joint fabricated by HS-FSW, the upper NZ was dominated by recrystallized grains, and the lower NZ was dominated by deformed grains. The ultimate tensile strength of the joint fabricated by HS-FSW can reach 87% of base metal (BM), and its elongation, yield strength and ultimate tensile strength were increased by 58.8%, 23.3% and 22.8% respectively compared with C-FSW. Both the joints fractured in the center of the NZ. The joint fabricated by C-FSW broke due to the kissing bond defect. While the joint fabricated by HS-FSW may be broken due to the weld thickness reduction. • The thermal cycle characteristics of HS-FSW were revealed. • The effect of the thermal cycle on microstructure was revealed. • The microstructures of the joint produced by HS-FSW were investigated by EBSD. • The tensile properties of the joint produced by HS-FSW were superior to by C-FSW.

Comparison of conventional high speed railway, maglev and hyperloop transportation systems

Increasing the speed of transportation has been a subject that human beings have been working on for many years. Because of insufficient traffic corridors, the interest of more passenger in limited time and the advancement of railway technology, the high-speed ground transportation systems have developed. Nowadays, these time-saving transportation systems are becoming important increasingly and systems that will ensure these are implemented and new ones are being researched. High speed ground transportation systems can be divided into three categories: Conventional high-speed railway, Maglev and Hyperloop transportation system. Within the scope of this study, it is aimed to investigate the advantages and disadvantages aspects of high speed transportation systems by comparing in terms of speed, capacity, energy consumption, cost and environmental effects. Conventional high-speed railways can provide high capacity, comfort and safety and reliability thanks to enormous operational experience as regards other systems. The Maglev technology can offer more remarkable travel times, energy efficient and better operational performance. However, high investment cost and incompatibility with other modes are seen the disadvantage features of this technology. The Hyperloop technology is a considerable innovative transportation system which is popularized with publishing design document by Elon Musk in 2013. Projected high-speed and appealing travel times can be evaluated as the advantages of the Hyperloop transportation system. However, there are safety, reliability, comfort and engineering design challenges to overcome in this technology. Taking everything into consideration, the Hyperloop transportation system has potential to be an alternative mode to other systems.

Experimental investigation of internal two-phase flow structures and dynamics of quasi-stable sheet cavitation by fast synchrotron x-ray imaging

The quasi-stable sheet cavitation produced in a small Venturi channel is investigated using a fast synchrotron x-ray imaging technique aided with conventional high speed photography. The use of x rays instead of visible light solves cavitation opacity related issues, and x-ray phase contrast-based edge enhancement enables high-definition visualization of the internal two-phase morphology. The simultaneous acquisition of time-resolved velocity and void fraction fields through post-processing of the recorded x-ray images reveals, for the first time, the complex diphasic flow structures inside the sheet cavity, which is essentially divided into six characteristic parts. Distinct from the current mainstream view, the globally steady sheet cavitation is found to be characterized by a weak but constantly existing re-entrant flow that can penetrate the entire cavity. The turbulent velocity fluctuations inside the sheet cavity are also investigated. The turbulence level in the reverse flow region is observed to be as low as in the outer main flow, demonstrating the relatively steady status of the re-entrant flow. Unlike the streamwise and cross-stream fluctuations, the shear stress appears to be weakly correlated with the velocity gradient. The collapse of the vapor phase and the vaporization at the upstream cavity interface are found to be the primary causes of shear stress intensification.

Experimental Study on High Speed Two-dimensional Airfoil Based on Conventional High Speed Wind Tunnel Test

The wind tunnel test of two-dimensional airfoil is usually carried out in the special wind tunnel for the airfoil test, but this kind of wind tunnel is usually small in size and low in Reynolds number. On the contrary, the conventional wind tunnel test is generally large in size, in which higher test Reynolds number can be obtained, but there is wall interference and other problems to overcome at the same time. In this study, the RAE2822 airfoil was used to carry out the wind tunnel test of high-speed two-dimensional airfoil in FL-3, which is a large-scale conventional high-speed wind tunnel and the section pressure coefficient was measured. Experimental data after calculation and correction comparing with the standard model data shows that it is practically possible to carry out airfoil wind tunnel test in conventional high-speed wind tunnel.

Visualization and measurements of shock waves in cavitating flow

Upon cavitation cloud collapse an omnidirectional shock wave is emitted. It then travels through the flow field, causing a cascade of events resulting in erosion, noise, vibration and the cavitation shedding process.Despite that the accumulated data points evidently to the presence of the shock waves, the direct measurements hardly exist - and even then, they are very expensive and time consuming to perform.In the present paper, the possibility of detecting shock waves inside cavitating flow is shown.The methodology bases on using two conventional high speed cameras. With the first one cavitating flow from a distance is observed, determining the position of the wave, while the second camera with a microscopic lens enables a close-up view to determine the number and size change of air bubbles as a shock wave passed them. By calibration and reference measurements the amplitude of the shock waves was determined.This relatively simple approach enabled the first observation of shockwaves which occur at the cavitation cloud collapse (downstream of the attached cavity). Several examples of shock wave dynamics are shown and how they influence the general cavitation cloud behaviour. Shock wave front velocities and local pressure waves caused by cloud collapse were estimated from visualization, reaching values to more than 700 m/s and over 5 MPa respectively.

Evaluation Of Efficacy Of Chemo-mechanical Method Of Caries Removal Using BRIX- 3000 Compared To Conventional Excavation With Burs- A Randomized Controlled Trial – Original Research

Introduction and Aim The study was designed as a randomized double-blind trial to evaluate the efficacy of chemo-mechanical method of caries removal using BRIX 3000 as compared to conventional excavation with burs. Methods The double blind randomized control trial was performed using a split mouth design where patients with bilateral deep carious lesion underwent treatment with Brix 3000 on one side and high speed bur excavation with aerotar on the contralateral side. This was performed to compare the efficacy of Brix 3000 with the conventional high speed caries excavation using aerotar. Group 1 (G1 = 67 teeth) chemomechanical removal with Brix 3000 and Group 2 (G2= 67 teeth) high speed bur excavation with aerotar. The criteria assessed were the time (T) required for each protocol to be completed and pain perceived by the patient at the end of caries excavation. Results All statistical analysis were done using (SPSS) version 17.0 statistics software. Independent sample t test and Mann Whitney U test were one to analyze the data. Conclusions Though time taken for caries excavation was more using BRIX than the high speed procedures, there was less or no pain while caries excavation using BRIX 3000 along with more patient comfort and cooperation during procedure. From the current study, it was observed that BRIX 3000 can be considered as an effective alternative/adjuvant for caries removal in deep carious lesions as compared to aerosol inducing high speed rotary techniques. Keywords : Chemo-mechanical caries removal, non aerosol inducing caries removal techniques, COVID, BRIX 3000, randomised controlled trial, novel caries removal, dentin preservation.

On the impacts of tool geometry and cutting conditions in straight turning of aluminum alloys 6061-T6: an experimentally validated numerical study

Aluminum alloys 6061-T6 are widely utilized in the automotive, aerospace, and marine industries due to high corrosion resistance, high strength, and good workability and machinability. The machining performance of these alloys depends on several factors including tool’s material, coating, and geometry. Cutting tool edge radius is one of the most effective factors in cutting forces, energy requirement, and chip formation during metal cutting. The present article aims to study the interactions between the cutting edge radius and cutting speed, feed rate, and rake angle and examine the impacts of the aforementioned tool geometry and cutting conditions on machining forces, cutting temperature, and chip thickness in cutting an aluminum alloy 6061-T6. Special attention is devoted to examining the influence of the cutting edge radius on machining variables and comparing the results of conventional machining (CM) and high speed machining (HSM). A finite element model was developed to simulate the above interactions and was experimentally validated for different machining parameters. The results demonstrate that although increasing the cutting edge radius clearly raises the machining forces, it has a slight influence on the chip thickness. It is also found that the maximum cutting temperatures remain nearly constant with changes in the tool edge radius, while the average temperatures of the tool tip increase especially in HSM. Furthermore, it was found that the location at which the maximum cutting temperature occurs depends more on cutting conditions and tool geometry than workpiece and tool materials.

Effect of shoulder geometry and clamping on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of ultra-thin friction stir-welded Al6061-T6 plates

Friction stir welding (FSW), especially high-speed FSW, was introduced to provide an optimum welding method for ultra-thin Al6061-T6 plates that would improve their mechanical properties. The influence of the shoulder geometry and clamping distance on the joint forming, microstructure evolution, and mechanical properties of a 0.8-mm-thick FSW Al6061-T6 joint was investigated. The joint forming, grain structure evolution, precipitate distribution, and tensile properties of the joint were obviously affected by the shoulder geometry and clamping distance. Sound FSW joints were obtained at both a conventional speed and high speed using the tool with a three-helix concave shoulder. In addition to forming a large number of high-density dislocations and substructures, a large number of Mg2Si, Al2CuMg, and Al8Fe2Si precipitates were reprecipitated in the nugget zone during high-speed FSW, and the number of precipitates was significantly higher than at the conventional speed. As the clamping distance increased, in addition to poor joint forming, the effective thickness of the FSW joint was also gradually reduced. The microhardness distributions were mainly affected by the process parameters and hardly affected by the shoulder geometry and clamping distance especially during high-speed FSW. A combination of the tool with a three-helix concave shoulder and the small clamping distance was suggested to be the optimal path to produce excellent mechanical properties in a high-speed FSW joint.

Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of High-Speed Friction Stir Welded Aluminum Alloy Thin Plate Joints

Sound friction stir welded (FSW) joints of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy sheets with an 0.8 mm thickness were obtained at conventional speed (2000 rpm, 300 mm/min) and high speed (11,000 rpm, 1500 mm/min). The recrystallization mechanism, precipitate evolution, mechanical properties and fracture behavior were investigated in detail. Microstructure analyses revealed that the grain structure evolution in the nugget zone (NZ) was dominated by continuous dynamic recrystallization. In the process of FSW, high speed facilitates the formation of finer equiaxed recrystallized grains, higher density of dislocations and substructures, and a larger number of precipitates in the NZ compared to the conventional speed, which further significantly improves the hardness and tensile strength of the joints. The maximum tensile strength was obtained with 292.6 MPa, 83.2% for the 6061-T6 aluminum alloy and 122.6% for the conventional-speed FSW joints. This work provides an effective method for preparing FSW aluminum alloy thin plate joints with excellent mechanical properties.

Grinding performance of TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V composites with CBN wheels, part I: experimental investigation and surface features

This article presents a comparison study on the machining performance of particulate reinforced titanium matrix composites (PTMCs) in conventional speed grinding (CSG) and high speed grinding (HSG) using monolayer brazed CBN wheels. Grinding forces, temperature and ground surface topology have been analyzed. It is discovered that the grinding forces in CSG are higher than those in HSG. However, grinding temperature in HSG is higher. Grinding scratches and concavities are the dominant ground surface features in both the CSG and HSG. The machined surface obtained in HSG is smoother than that obtained in CSG. The material removal mechanism of PTMCs include ductile removal regime of the metallic matrix and brittle removal regime of the TiC reinforced particles in grinding.

Grinding performance of TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V composites with CBN wheels, part II: material removal behavior based on FEM

In order to understand the material removal behavior of TiCp/Ti-6Al-4V particulate reinforced titanium matrix composites (PTMCs) during conventional speed grinding (CSG) and high speed grinding (HSG), a 3D finite element (FE) model has been established. Based on the FE model, the material removal behavior and the influence of grinding speed on the formation of machined surface feature were discussed. The results show that the material removal behavior in grinding of PTMCs can be divided into ductile regime removal of the metal matrix materials and brittle regime removal of the TiC reinforced particles. The ductile regime removal is dominated by serrated chip formation. The brittle regime removal is dominated by brittle fracture, crack initiation, crack propagation. The grinding speed has a considerable influence on the ground surface features. The ground surface morphology obtained in CSG is more complex and poorer than that obtained in HSG.

Ribbon scanning confocal for high-speed high-resolution volume imaging of brain.

Whole-brain imaging is becoming a fundamental means of experimental insight; however, achieving subcellular resolution imagery in a reasonable time window has not been possible. We describe the first application of multicolor ribbon scanning confocal methods to collect high-resolution volume images of chemically cleared brains. We demonstrate that ribbon scanning collects images over ten times faster than conventional high speed confocal systems but with equivalent spectral and spatial resolution. Further, using this technology, we reconstruct large volumes of mouse brain infected with encephalitic alphaviruses and demonstrate that regions of the brain with abundant viral replication were inaccessible to vascular perfusion. This reveals that the destruction or collapse of large regions of brain micro vasculature may contribute to the severe disease caused by Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. Visualization of this fundamental impact of infection would not be possible without sampling at subcellular resolution within large brain volumes.

Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composite drilling via aluminum chromium nitride-coated tools: Hole quality and tool wear assessment

Drilling into carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites presents a stiff challenge in terms of ensuring hole quality aspects such as delamination, roughness, roundness, etc. while maintaining an adequate tool life. The hardened carbon fibers in laid up form generally give rise to chips in powdered form that contribute significantly to tool wear problem. To overcome the aforementioned issues, the use of high performance tools has been reported. This paper reports on the usage of yet another novel high performing but much economical aluminum chromium nitride-coated tools that are typically employed for metallic parts. The effect of aluminum chromium nitride tools at three spindle speeds with constant feed rate was evaluated on hole quality, tool wear, and chip formation pattern of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composite plates. The results were compared with the performance of conventional high speed steel tools taken as baseline. It was found that the coated tools help significantly improve hole quality and provide appreciable tool life at specific machining parameters.

Robot based deposition of WC-Co HVOF coatings on HSS cutting tools as a substitution for solid cemented carbide cutting tools

Cemented carbide (hard metal) cutting tools are the first choice to machine hard materials or to conduct high performance cutting processes. Main advantages of cemented carbide cutting tools are their high wear resistance (hardness) and good high temperature strength. In contrast, cemented carbide cutting tools are characterized by a low toughness and generate higher production costs, especially due to limited resources. Usually, cemented carbide cutting tools are produced by means of powder metallurgical processes. Compared to conventional manufacturing routes, these processes are more expensive and only a limited number of geometries can be realized. Furthermore, post-processing and preparing the cutting edges in order to achieve high performance tools is often required.In the present paper, an alternative method to substitute solid cemented carbide cutting tools is presented. Cutting tools made of conventional high speed steels (HSS) were coated with thick WC-Co (88/12) layers by means of thermal spraying (HVOF). The challenge is to obtain a dense, homogenous, and near-net-shape coating on the flanks and the cutting edge. For this purpose, different coating strategies were realized using an industrial robot. The coating properties were subsequently investigated. After this initial step, the surfaces of the cutting tools were ground and selected cutting edges were prepared by means of wet abrasive jet machining to achieve a smooth and round micro shape. Machining tests were conducted with these coated, ground and prepared cutting tools. The occurring wear phenomena were analyzed and compared to conventional HSS cutting tools. Overall, the results of the experiments proved that the coating withstands mechanical stresses during machining. In the conducted experiments, the coated cutting tools showed less wear than conventional HSS cutting tools. With respect to the initial wear resistance, additional benefits can be obtained by preparing the cutting edge by means of wet abrasive jet machining.

Abstract 2163: Targeting brain tumor and brain metastases using brain penetrating peptide and long circulating nanoemulsions

Abstract Purpose: Glioblastoma brain tumor and brain metastases from primary breast or lung cancer have limited treatment options, primarily due to the extremely invasive and aggressive nature of tumors; the largely impermeable blood-brain barrier (BBB); and presence of efflux transporters at BBB. We aimed to improve brain delivery of drugs by intravenous injection of a mixture of brain penetrating peptide K16ApoE and drug encapsulated long circulating nanoemulsions. We also explored the potential mechanisms that account for its brain delivery. Methods: Oil-in-water nanoemulsions (NE) containing medium-chain triglycerides oil and co-surfactants were prepared by a spontaneous self-emulsification method (SNNE) and conventional high speed homogenization and sonication method (CNE). The nanoemulsions were mixed and injected with 20 nmol of K16ApoE peptide that comprising 16 lysine residues and 20 amino acids corresponding to the low-density lipoprotein receptor binding sequence from apolipoprotein E in healthy and tumor bearing mice. Results: Nanoemulsions had mean particle size less than 200 nm (CNE: 190 nm,+35 mV; SNNE: 120 nm, -10 mV). In vitro, both NE was taken up by brain capillary endothelial cells bEnd.3 and glioblastoma cell U87-luc in a serum- dependent manner (10% FBS> 5%FBS> 2.5%FBS> serum free). Both the bEnd3 and U87-luc cells express high levels of an endocytic low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) receptor. Using LRP1 antagonist receptor-associated protein (RAP) to block a ligand binding to LRP1 led to significant decrease of cellular uptake of NE. The addition of one of LRP1 ligand apolipoprotein E (12.5-25 μg/mL) in the serum free medium resulted in significantly higher cellular uptake of NE in bEnd3 cells and U87-luc cells, suggesting the NE can be imported into the brain and brain tumor cells by binding to apolipoprotein E via LRP1 receptor mediated transcytosis. In vivo, intravenous injection of near-infrared labeled NE significantly improved its brain accumulation in comparison to that of free dye. When 20 nmol of K16ApoE peptide and NE mixture was inject intravenously, the peptide transiently opened the BBB and allowed even higher amount of NE accumulation at brain tumor. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that nanoemulsion is a promising nanocarrier to deliver imaging or therapeutic agents for the diagnosis or systemic treatment of brain tumor or brain metastasis. K16ApoE peptide is a brain penetrating peptide and can help transport nanoparticles to the brain tissue without the need for chemical modification of surface of nanoparticles. Binding of nanoemulsion to apolipoprotein E and involvement of LRP1 receptor-mediated transcytosis could be important steps in mediating the uptake of nanoemulsion in the brain endothelial cells and brain tumor cells. Citation Format: Xinli Liu, Tanvirul Hye. Targeting brain tumor and brain metastases using brain penetrating peptide and long circulating nanoemulsions. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 2163.

Easy production of cellulose nanofibrils from corn stalk by a conventional high speed blender

Agricultural crop residues are an abundant and cheap source of cellulose fibers suitable for uses in composite, textile, pulp and paper manufacture. Besides, field crop fibers might be an attractive source for the production of value-added nanosized cellulose fibrils with a broad potential use. In this study, nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) from corn stalk crop residues were produced with high yields using a simple high speed blender (HSB). It was shown that a full conversion of cellulose fibers into NFC was successfully achieved by disintegration during 30min of fibers produced via a NaClO2/acetic acid delignification mode and submitted to a TEMPO-mediated oxidation pre-treatment. The fibrillation yield, transparency degree, colloidal properties and morphological characteristics of the ensuing NFC were analyzed and compared according to the delignification mode and the carboxyl content. The reinforcing potential of the NFC produced with different carboxyl contents was investigated.

Zero‐current switching method for dc–dc buck converter in portable application

A novel zero-current switching (ZCS) method for dc–dc buck converter is proposed. Instead of a conventional high precision and high speed comparator, a comparator with adaptive offset is designed here. By detecting the conduction of parasitic body diode after low-side power transistor turned off, the offset is automatically adjusted to achieve ZCS. Thus the delay and offset of comparator are no longer an obstacle in circuit design and the measurement results show that the turned-off inductor current is <10 mA, 1% of the peak value of inductor current and its power consumption is no larger than traditional ones.

Scalable Sub-micron Patterning of Organic Materials Toward High Density Soft Electronics.

The success of silicon based high density integrated circuits ignited explosive expansion of microelectronics. Although the inorganic semiconductors have shown superior carrier mobilities for conventional high speed switching devices, the emergence of unconventional applications, such as flexible electronics, highly sensitive photosensors, large area sensor array, and tailored optoelectronics, brought intensive research on next generation electronic materials. The rationally designed multifunctional soft electronic materials, organic and carbon-based semiconductors, are demonstrated with low-cost solution process, exceptional mechanical stability, and on-demand optoelectronic properties. Unfortunately, the industrial implementation of the soft electronic materials has been hindered due to lack of scalable fine-patterning methods. In this report, we demonstrated facile general route for high throughput sub-micron patterning of soft materials, using spatially selective deep-ultraviolet irradiation. For organic and carbon-based materials, the highly energetic photons (e.g. deep-ultraviolet rays) enable direct photo-conversion from conducting/semiconducting to insulating state through molecular dissociation and disordering with spatial resolution down to a sub-μm-scale. The successful demonstration of organic semiconductor circuitry promise our result proliferate industrial adoption of soft materials for next generation electronics.