Conventional Heating Process Research Articles

Fast Dissolution of Chitin in Amino Acids Based Deep Eutectic Solvents Under the Assistance of Microwave.

Due to the abundant hydrogen bond networks, high crystallinity, and high molecular weight of chitin, it is difficult to dissolve chitin in most solvents. Meanwhile, most of the existing solvent systems have the disadvantages of high toxicity, low solubility, and high cost. Therefore, the efficient and rapid dissolution of chitin using green solvents is urgently needed. In this work, ternary DES with amino acids, urea, and 1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) is prepared at first. Then chitin can be dissolved fastly with the assistance of a microwave. Compared with the conventional heating process (110°C, 6-8h), the microwave process can be shortened to only 3-10min. The successful dissolution of chitin is verified by means of fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), rheology studies, and optical light microscope, and the dissolution mechanism contributed to the synergistic destroying of the hydrogen bond networks of chitin by amino acids and DBU. The DES solvent can be well recovered with the remaining of its dissolving ability to chitin.

Regioselective Synthesis of Cycloalkane-fused Pyrazolo[4,3-e]pyridines through Tandem Reaction of 5-aminopyrazoles, Cyclic Ketones and Electron-rich Olefins.

Pyrazolopyridines are interesting fused heterocyclic pharmacophores that combine pyrazole and pyridine; two privileged nuclei extensively studied and with a wide range of applications. They can be obtained by a broad variety of synthetic methods among which multicomponent reactions have gained importance, especially from 5-aminopyrazoles and dielectrophilic reagents. However, the search for new approaches more in tune with sustainable chemistry and the use of unconventional heating in three-component synthesis are open and highly relevant study fields. A novel, practical and efficient three-component synthesis of cycloalkane-fused pyrazolo[ 4,3-e]pyridines was developed through a tandem reaction of 5-aminopyrazoles, cyclic ketones and electron-rich olefins, using microwave induction in perfluorinated solvent and iodine as catalyst. The microwave-induced three-component approach applied in this work promoted the construction of 10 new pyrazolopyridines with high speed and excellent control of regioselectivity, favoring the linear product with good yields; where the versatility of electron-rich olefins in iodine-catalyzed cascade heterocyclizations, granted the additional benefit of easy isolation and the possibility to reuse the fluorous phase. Although pyrazolopyridines have been synthetically explored because of their structural and biological properties, most of the reported synthetic methods use common or even toxic organic solvents and conventional heating or multi-step processes. In contrast, this study applied a multicomponent methodology in a single step by microwave induction and with the versatility provided in this case by the use of perfluorinated solvent, which allowed easy isolation of the final product and recovery of the fluorous phase.

Benzyldimethyldodecyl Ammonium Chloride-Doped Denture-Based Resin: Impact on Strength, Surface Properties, Antifungal Activities, and In Silico Molecular Docking Analysis.

Candida albicans (C. albicans) adhering to denture-based resins (DBRs) is a known cause of denture stomatitis. A new approach to prevent denture stomatitis is to include antimicrobial substances within DBRs. Here, we examined the mechanical performance and antifungal properties of DBRs containing benzyldimethyldodecyl ammonium chloride (C12BDMA-Cl) as an antimicrobial compound. C12BDMA-Cl is a quaternary ammonium compound, and its antifungal properties have never been investigated when combined with dental acrylic resin. Therefore, we modified a commercially available heat-polymerized acrylic DBR to contain 3 and 5 wt.% of C12BDMA-Cl. Unmodified DBR was used as a control group. Specimens were prepared using the conventional heat processing method. The specimen's flexural strength, elastic modulus, microhardness, and surface roughness were evaluated. C. albicans biofilm was grown on the specimens and assessed via colony-forming units (CFUs) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In silico molecular docking was applied to predict the potential C12BDMA-Cl inhibition activity as an antifungal drug. The 3% C12BDMA-Cl DBR demonstrated antifungal activities without a deterioration effect on the mechanical performance. SEM images indicated fewer colonies in DBR containing C12BDMA-Cl, which can be a potential approach to managing denture stomatitis. In conclusion, C12BDMA-Cl is a promising antifungal agent for preventing and treating denture stomatitis.

An Innovative Approach in Oat Milk Production: Ohmic Heating

This study aimed to produce oat-milk by using the ohmic heating (OH) system and to compare some quality properties of this milk with the milk produced by conventional methods. The solution containing oats was heated from 20 °C to 75 °C using 3 different voltage-gradients, and then oat-milk was obtained by applying a series of processes. It has been determined that as the voltage gradient increased during heating in oat milk production, the processing time shortens, and this time was 482seconds in the conventional heating process. The effective electrical conductivity values increased as the temperature increased in the OH process during the production of oat-milk and these values vary between 0.13-0.41S/m. Also, some quality characteristics of oat milk such as color and total phenolic content were better preserved in milk obtained by the OH process than conventional heating process. In addition, oat milk obtained by OH process had higher apparent viscosity at all temperatures.

System Design, Modelling, Energy Analysis, and Industrial Applications of Ohmic Heating Technology

AbstractThe food and drink industry is gradually gaining sustainability pressure due to the high carbon emissions rate and limited availability of traditional energy supplies. Thus, it is essential to consider energy efficiency and decarbonisation of the ever-expanding food and drink industry. Ohmic heating technology is a highly energy-efficient and quick method of electrically heating food products. It uses the resistance of the food material to convert electrical energy into heat. However, the heating rate of ohmic heating depends on several process variables, such as electrical conductivity, voltage gradient, and voltage frequency. Therefore, it is important to study and understand the effects of these process variables to optimise the modelling and control of ohmic heating systems to obtain desirable output from food products. Hence, this study presents a review of the effects of process parameters on nutritional and organoleptic qualities, product yields, and energy efficiency of ohmic heating, along with its various industrial applications. The technology shows promising advancements in colour and nutritional quality, increasing energy efficiency, shorter processing times, and higher product yields compared to conventional heating processes.

Decoupled Crystallization and Particle Growth of BiVO4 via Rapid Thermal Process for Enhanced Charge Separation

AbstractBiVO4 is one of the most promising candidates for photoelectrochemical water oxidation. However, the poor crystallinity and short hole diffusion length limit its charge separation. One bottleneck stems from the contradiction between high crystallinity and small particles via conventional furnace heating processes. This paper describes the design and fabrication of BiVO4 photoanodes via rapid thermal process (RTP), rather than furnace heating, to decouple the constraints between nucleation, crystallization, and growth processes of BiVO4. The higher heating ramp rate of RTP compared with furnace heating promotes the fast diffusion of reactant molecules, which elevates the nucleation rate above the particle growth rate of BiVO4, leading to small particles with high crystallinity. Moreover, the ultra‐high heating temperature makes it possible to crystallize the small BiVO4 particle within a short time. Thus, a high crystallinity can be obtained for the RTP‐treated BiVO4 while maintaining small particle size, achieving a charge separation efficiency of up to 82%, 30% higher than that of furnace‐treated BiVO4 photoanode.

Microwave-Accelerated Synthesis of Flavanones through Oxidative Cyclization of 2'-Hydroxychalcones Using Acetic Acid as a Sole Catalyst

Under microwave irradiation conditions, 2'-hydroxy chalcones 1a-c underwent AcOH-mediated cyclization in an oxa-Michael addition manner to afford flavanones 2a-c in acceptable yields (up to 82%). These reactions proceeded in a shorter reaction time (~ 30 min) through microwave activation; otherwise, the reaction would take several days and even weeks, if a conventional heating process was employed. For example, cyclization of (E)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one (1a) has required 4 days of stirring with AcOH (0.25 M), under conventional heating at 100 °C, to produce 2-phenylchroman-4-one (2a), in 75% yield; while under microwave conditions, the reaction has yielded 82% of compound 2a, after 30 min. Thus obtained products 2a-c were fully characterized by recording of melting point together with UV, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectra.

Role of metal inserts for ‘targeted’, ‘uniform’ or ‘controlled’ microwave heating objectives involving generalized sets of dielectrics (Group 1 – 4)

Microwave heating occurs volumetrically leading to faster processing than conventional heating processes. Over the last few decades, the potential of microwave heating has been investigated for various thermal processing applications such as food processing, material synthesis, fuel production and waste treatment/remediation. Current work investigates the role of the metal inserts towards targeted, uniform and/or controlled microwave heating for the four groups of dielectrics (Group 1 – 4) involving lateral and isotropic microwave incidences. The microwave induced heat generation and evolving temperature distributions within the materials in the absence and presence of the metal insert are numerically determined via the mathematical models comprising of Helmholtz equation, energy balance equation and an integro-differential boundary condition representing the scattering of the microwave at the air-material interface. Galerkin finite element method with biquadratic elements along with Crank-Nicolson time integration scheme has been employed to solve the governing equations. It has been found that the metal insert can suitably alter the heating characteristics leading to either faster heating, better heating uniformity or more intense targeted heating of the materials. Uniform microwave heating is generally difficult to attain except for very small samples. This work shows that the metal inserts can significantly reduce the heating inhomogeneity of the moderately large samples involving Group 1 to Group 3 materials. In addition, the targeted heating effect of the materials (Groups 1 to 4) can also be intensified by the use of the metal insert, as has been illustrated for various test cases. Especially, the metal insert can lead to targeted heating at the incident surface irrespective of the material or sample dimension, and that is difficult to attain except for the large samples. The metal inserts are also found to be efficient to control the rapid microwave heating experienced by the small samples of lossy materials (Group 1 and 3 materials) or accelerate the slower heating of the large samples resulting in significant energy savings, especially for Group 1 to Group 3 materials.

Investigating the efficiency of the microwave heating process for the carbothermic synthesis of cobalt/nickel alloys

High energy consumption and its associated pollution fare among the significant issues of metal production systems. Traditional furnaces currently used in the production of alloys. The microwave heating process is a novel approach with numerous advantages compared to the conventional heating processes. On the other hand, cobalt/nickel alloy, is an important alloy with extensive applications in jet engines, gas turbines, and petroleum refining. The present research addressed the efficiency of the microwave heating process for the carbothermic synthesis of cobalt/nickel alloys. Moreover, the morphology of the produced material was evaluated. The synthesis method was based on the reduction of cobalt/nickel oxides to cobalt/ nickel alloys. Two parameters of the reaction time and the composition of the granules containing cobalt/nickel oxides were investigated to assess the efficiency of the reduction process. The results showed a decrease in the oxygen content from 20 to about 10 wt% by prolonging the processing time from 10 to 20 min. XRD analysis also indicated no crystal structure related to nickel oxide in the samples processed for 20 min. The diameter of the crystals also increased by about 71 % by prolonging the reaction time from 10 to 20 min, suggesting the growth of the crystals and enhanced adhesion of the particles. The number of oxygen atoms was also decreased by about 50 % upon increasing the reaction time from 10 to 20 min, indicating a better reduction reaction. A rise in the nickel oxide content in the raw granule from 30 % to 60 %, led to a 3.8-fold enhancement in the number of oxygen atoms in the reduced product.

Synthesis and Characterization of Oligomer Bis(<i>trans</i>-2,3-dibromo-4-hydroxy-2-butenyl)terephthalate as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor on Mild Steel in 1 M H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> Solution

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) waste was depolymerized by trans-2,3-dibromo-2-butene-1,4-diol in the presence of manganese acetate as a catalyst using microwave irradiation as opposed to the conventional heating process in order to reduce the time required for PET depolymerization. The depolymerization product bis(trans-2,3-dibromo-4-hydroxy-2-butenyl)terephthalate (BDBHBT) was isolated, characterized, and evaluated as a green inhibitor for mild corrosion steel in corrosive 1 M H3PO4 medium. This product was characterized using FTIR and 1H-NMR. The effects of immersion time, inhibitor concentration, and reaction temperature were studied. The chemical technique utilized in this study was weight loss, while the electrochemical technique employed an open circuit potential. With 0.6 g/L of BDBHBT inhibitor, the highest corrosion inhibition efficiency of 83.3% was observed. The kinetic and thermodynamic functions were calculated, and the results indicated that the investigated inhibitor was physically adsorbed on the surface and confirmed to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. This study aims to lessen pollution of the environment by transforming PET waste to a beneficial oligomer BDBHBT and estimating the inhibitory effect of this product on the corrosion of mild steel in 1 M H3PO4.

Green methods for obtaining deep eutectic solvents (DES)

A group of materials with great application potential are deep eutectic solvents (DES). This paper presents an alternative approach to methods of obtaining them, using microwave radiation and ultrasound as energy sources. One of the main challenges associated with DES is to find economical methods to obtain them on an increased scale. By using already finished DES that are in the liquid phase as a medium to initiate energy transfer to raw materials and initiate DES formation, it is possible to obtain DES using ultrasound and microwaves. The time required to obtain selected DES, e.g., choline chloride with urea, has been reduced to 4–5 min, with a 12-fold increase in process yields with further potential for scale-up (30 g/h for the conventional process, to as much as 800 g/h using the microwave process). The heating efficiency of microwave and ultrasonic methods is 74.5% and 53.3%, respectively, while the conventional heating process shows a heating efficiency of 5.0%. The presented results confirm the possibility of increasing the scale of obtaining DES, which will help to use these valuable solvents on a large scale in the future. At the same time, it was confirmed that by designing the process appropriately and relying only on DES raw materials and products, it is feasible to use alternative sources of energy in obtaining processes.

Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of flavor compounds from shrimp by-products and characterization of flavor profile of the extract

This study aimed to optimize the ultrasonic-assisted extraction conditions of flavor compounds from white shrimp heads (WSHs). The effects of sonication amplitude, sonication time, and solvent-to-solid ratio on the extraction yield (EY) of flavor compounds and the degree of protein modification (DPM) were evaluated by Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology (RSM). The optimum EY (40.87 %) and DPM (26.28 %) were obtained at amplitude, time, and solvent-to-solid ratios of 63.2 %, 20.5 min, and 20.8 mL/g, respectively. The optimum DPM value indicates that sonication markedly influenced the protein denaturation, as evidenced by the higher TCA soluble protein content. Further, we also investigated the taste active composition of ultrasonic extract of shrimp head (USH). Results show that the equivalent umami concentration (EUC) value was significantly (p < 0.05) increased in the ultrasonic extract of shrimp head (USH) (55.44 ± 3.25 g MSG/100 g) compared to the control shrimp head extract (CSH) (8.32 ± 1.07 g MSG/100 g). This study also deals with the development of shrimp flavor concentrate (SFC) using USH by the conventional heating process. Sensory evaluation of SFC revealed that the shrimp-like aroma and umami taste characteristics were predominant. Thus, USH's improved umami taste composition demonstrates its potential utilization for producing SFC with higher EUC.

Determination of the effect of milk fat on the inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes by ohmic heating

Research in recent years has focused on innovative technologies that provide pathogen inactivation without damaging the structural properties of foods. Ohmic heating (OH) is an innovative technology, that provides an effective microbial inactivation with massive and rapid heating. This study aims to determine the effects of milk fat on the inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes by OH with a low voltage gradient. L. monocytogenes (ATCC 13932) inoculated 3.1%, 1.5%, and 0.1% fat-milk samples were heated up to 62°C by OH and conventional heating (CH) process. OH treatment lead to the inactivation of L. monocytogenes in both 1.5% and 0.1% groups and led to approximately 5.30 log decrease, however, there was a 3.10 log decrease in the 3.1% group at 6 min. CH lead to a few reduction as 0.21, 0.29 and 0.39 log in 3.1%, 1.5% and 0.1% fat-milk respectively. In OH, the sublethal injury ratio was higher than CH in all milk groups. However, OH did not statistically change color and pH values at the 6th min of the process, had a significant effect on hydroxymethylfurfural value only in 3.1% fat-milk. In conclusion, the increased fat content may have important inhibitory effects on pathogen inactivation in OH. Thus, the OH conditions should be chosen carefully to sufficient inactivation of pathogens in milk with high-fat content.

Modification in starch structure of soaked and germinated lentil seeds under various thermal processing methods, including conventional, microwave, and microwave-assisted techniques

Adding lentil flours as an affordable and sustainable plant-based ingredient in food formulation plays vital role in promoting human health and reducing the environmental footprint of human diet. Also, the inclination toward sustainable food products requires the introduction of green technologies as the substitution of conventional heating. A proper substitution demands investigating the impact of different heat transfer mechanisms of conventional and green volumetric heating processes on starch gelatinization and enhancement in starch structural, functional, and nutritional properties. Hence, modified lentil flours through soaking/germination pretreatment followed by volumetric heating (microwave-infrared and vacuum-microwave drying) and conventional heating (roasting and convective air drying) were examined in this study. The results showed that using microwave-infrared not only significantly decreased processing time but also created a similar gelatinization degree compared to the lentils treated by roasting at 240°C. Vacuum-microwave also found a suitable substitution for convective air drying, producing similar modified starch at a shorter processing time. Almost all thermal treatments improved total starch digestibility; however, microwave-infrared drying and roasting increased rapidly digestible starch while vacuum-microwave and convective air drying enhanced slowly digestible starch. Generally, soaking/germination followed by the mentioned dryings leads to modified flours by changes in their starch structure, resulting in the effective utilization of pulse flours as a promoting food ingredient.

Microwave-assisted green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using extract of mint leaves

Silver nanoparticles are widely used in areas such as biosensing, hydrogen production, electronics, photovoltaics, antimicrobials, and biomedical engineering applications. Biological synthesis is regarded as a safe and non-toxic process, but its main disadvantage is the slow processing time. The mint leaf extract can act as both a reducing and stabilizing agent for the biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles. In this work, a rapid and green method for the microwave-assisted biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles was investigated using an aqueous leaf extract of mint as a biosource of cost-effective, non-hazardous reducing and stabilizing agents. The optimum conditions for microwave extraction of mint leaves were 220 s at 800 W and a 5 g/L mint-to-water ratio. Meanwhile, the optimal conditions for the biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles were as follows: concentration of silver nitrate solution = 2 mM, microwave reaction time = 100 s at 800 W, and pH = 8. The silver nanoparticles obtained by the microwave heating process showed a surface plasmon band centered at 420 nm with a higher peak height than those prepared by the conventional heating process. Dynamic light scattering analysis has shown the synthesized silver nanoparticles to have an average diameter of 54 nm.

Room-temperature bonding of glass chips via PTFE-assisted plasma modification for nanofluidic applications.

Fused-silica glass, as a desirable material with rigidity, biological inertness, and favorable light transmission for nanofluidic devices, should be assembled via low-temperature bonding technology to hermetically seal channels for stable liquid manipulation in extended-nano (101-103 nm) space. Confronted with the predicament of localized functionalization of nanofluidic applications (e.g. DNA microarray) with temperature-sensitive structures, the room-temperature direct bonding of glass chips to achieve modification of channels prior to bonding offers a considerably attractive solution to avoid component denaturation during the conventional post-bonding heating process. Therefore, we developed a nano-structure friendly and technically convenient room-temperature (RT, 25 °C) glass-glass direct bonding technology using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-assisted plasma modification without a requirement for special equipment. Unlike the establishment of chemical functionalities relying on immersion in potent but dangerous chemicals like HF, the fluorine radicals (F*) from PTFE pieces with superior chemical inertness were introduced on glass surfaces via O2 plasma sputtering and constructed fluorinated silicon oxides on the glass surfaces effectively, eliminating the significant etching effect of HF to protect fine nanostructures. Very strong bonding was obtained at RT with no heating and the high-pressure resistant glass-glass interfaces were evaluated under high-pressure-driven flow conditions up to 2 MPa based on a two-channel liquid introduction system. Moreover, the favorable optical transmittance of the fluorinated bonding interface demonstrated a capacity for high-resolution optical detection or liquid sensing.

Ultraviolet light food processing: A mini concept

Chemical preservatives, which are added to food to increase shelf life and to guard against diseases that can spread through food borne bacteria, are drawing an increasing amount of criticism from the general public. Alternatives to present preservation methods are being sought to meet customer desires for healthier meals. In contrast to conventional heat processing, ultraviolet light has great promise in the field of food processing. Just a few of its applications include pasteurizing juices, postlethality treating of meats, treating surfaces in touch with food and increasing the shelf life of fresh vegetables. A brief assessment of the working of UV light and its applications is done in this review. In specific this review work highlights the potential application of ultraviolet as an alternative means of preservation of food.

Recent methods in the production of activated carbon from date palm residues for the adsorption of textile dyes: A review

Textile dyes are organic compounds that can pose an environmental threat if not properly treated. They can cause many problems ranging from human health, ecosystem disturbances, and the reduction of the esthetic value of water bodies. The adsorption process using activated carbon (AC) has been proven to be effective in treating dyes in wastewater. However, the production of AC is limited by the non-renewables and relatively expensive precursor of coal. Date palm residues (DPRs) provide a good alternative for AC’s precursor due to their continuous supply, availability in a large amount, and having good physiochemical properties such as high oxygen element and fixed carbon. This study provides a review of the potential of date palm residues (DPRs) as AC in adsorbing textile dyes and the recent technological advances adopted by researchers in producing DPR-based AC. This review article focuses solely on DPR and not on other biomass waste. This study presents a background review on date palms, textile dyes, biochar, and AC, followed by production methods of AC. In the literature, DPR was carbonized between 250 and 400°C. The conventional heating process employed an activation temperature of 576.85–900°C for physical activation and a maximum of 800°C for physicochemical activation. Chemical agents used in the chemical activation of DPR included NaOH, KOH, ZnCl2, H3PO4, and CaCl2. The maximum surface area obtained for DPR-AC was 1,092.34 and 950 m2/g for physical and chemical activation, respectively. On the other hand, conditions used in microwave heating were between 540 and 700 W, which resulted in a surface area of 1,123 m2/g. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) utilized carbonization temperatures between 150 and 250°C with pressure between 1 and 5 MPa, thus resulting in a surface area between 125.50 and 139.50 m2/g. Isotherm and kinetic models employed in the literature are also discussed, together with the explanation of parameters accompanied by these models. The conversion of DPR into AC was noticed to be more efficient with the advancement of activation methods over the years.

Enhanced dry reforming of methane by microwave-mediated confined catalysis over Ni-La/AC catalyst

The dry reforming of methane (DRM) is an attractive technology for CO2 utilization to produce syngas for the production of value-added chemicals and fuels. However, commercialized application of DRM has been limited by the severe temperature conditions required to activate the low energy molecules (CH4 and CO2) and prohibit the formation of coke. Here we report efficient syngas production via methane reforming mediated by the microwave-triggered activation of Lanthanum nickelate (LNO) and carbon deposited on the catalysts could enhance the catalytic performance under microwave irradiation. AC-based materials could reach ∼ 100 % reactant conversion in the microwave-assisted DRM (MW-DRM) process. We have also investigated the reaction mechanism on Ni-La/AC catalysts by using CO2-TPD and in situ DRIFTS analysis. It was observed that lanthanum oxycarbonates were active intermediates for CO2 activation and oxidation of carbonaceous intermediates from methane on the catalyst, thus improving catalytic activity and stability. This catalyst exhibited an advantage of process intensification and reaction stability in the MW-DRM process, in contrast to the conventional heating process.

Intensified inactivation efficacy of pulsed ohmic heating for pathogens in soybean milk due to sodium lactate

Pulsed ohmic heating (POH) is a promising alternative to conventional heat processing for microbial safety. It has been reported that the efficacy of POH depends on the concentration of electrolytes. This research investigated the effect of sodium lactate as an electrolyte on the efficacy of POH with respect to the heating rate and inactivation of pathogens in PBS and soybean milk. When PBS and soybean milk with 0–3% sodium lactate were subjected to POH, as the sodium lactate content increased, the electrical conductivity increased, thereby accelerating the heating rate of POH. For instance, the heating rate of POH was 0.3 and 1.3°C/s for 0 and 3% of sodium lactate in soybean milk. Reductions in pathogens increased as the sodium lactate content increased. When 3% of sodium lactate was added to PBS or soybean milk, the bacterial reduction was more than 1 log unit compared to 0%. We hypothesized that sodium lactate intensified the damage to bacterial membrane by accelerating the heating rate of POH and amplifying the electric current; thus, the extent of bacterial cell membrane damage was determined using propidium iodide (PI) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The PI uptake values of pathogens significantly (P < 0.05) increased as the sodium lactate content increased, indicating that the membrane damage increased in proportion to the sodium lactate content. Furthermore, the analysis of TEM images of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes showed fatal morphological cell rupture at 3% sodium lactate. After soybean milk with 0–3% sodium lactate was treated with POH, no electrode corrosion was observed, and pH and color of samples were not changed. Thus, this research corroborated that sodium lactate intensifies the efficacy of POH without electrode corrosion and quality degradation of soybean milk.