Conventional Enterprises Research Articles

The theory of interpersonal behaviour for conventional enterprises' adoption of the halal supply chain in Malaysia

PurposeThis paper aims to apply the theory of interpersonal behaviour (TIB) and its determinants to determine conventional enterprises' intentions toward halal supply chains (HSCs) adoption in Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachA survey was conducted with a judgmental sampling and over 150 responses were gathered. Besides, the literature on the factors that influence an enterprise’s adoption of a halal supply chain, and TIB is evaluated to determine the influential determinants that lead to conventional entrepreneurs’ desire to participate in the halal supply chain in Malaysia.FindingsThe study findings suggest that the intention to use a halal supply chain is determined not only by social factors, affect, facilitating conditions and attitude, but also by the added construct of perceived expected benefits.Research limitations/implicationsConsidering this research to be limited in terms of coverage geographically and the theory rendered the context should be given proper attention when interpreting future outcomes. Furthermore, future researchers can extend the direct relationship by employing habit construct when conducting a longitudinal study.Practical implicationsThis paper serves as a guide to ensure the best planning of halal supply chains in both theory and practice.Originality/valueThis study expands on the use of TIB in the context of conventional enterprises’ intention toward halal supply chains in Malaysia.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-05-2023-0334

Co‐working office spaces in Sydney: Spatiotemporal dynamics and industry patterns

AbstractCo‐working spaces have emerged as cost‐effective office space management solutions for workers from diverse industries who share space, which generates cost savings and facilitates networking opportunities. Past studies have mainly focused on needs for and benefits of co‐working spaces and range in emphasis from design preferences to potential social and economic impacts. However, limited attention has been given to the temporal clustering and geographical distribution patterns of co‐working spaces. This study examines the spatial distribution patterns of co‐working spaces establishments in terms of building floor plans. We discern the subcategory of ‘co‐working office space’ from the floor space and employment survey data, spanning 2007, 2012, and 2017 as collected by the City of Sydney, a municipal government in Australia. Both co‐working offices offered by conventional enterprises and co‐working providers are identified, and the spatial associations between co‐working spaces and their relationships with industry composition are analysed. Using establishment analysis, three co‐working spaces are identified: (1) dedicated co‐working enterprises providing office service and well‐design spaces; (2) conventional office rental enterprises diversifying into co‐working style office; and (3) standard enterprises converting fixed office spaces to co‐working office configurations. The spatial analysis reveals an outward diffusion of co‐working spaces from the centre of Sydney CBD, which is of importance in geographical research focused on urban, social, and economic change.

The Analysis of Electronic Marketing of Agriculture Products Based on Feasibility, Desirability, and Feasibility Risk

Many industries have been impacted by saturation in a highly competitive climate. Many conventional Business-to-consumer companies are dealing with the dilemma of fragmented and lost clientele. However, live-streaming commerce has shown its potential in recent years, which brought conventional enterprises an opportunity. While many primary industry entrepreneurs lack knowledge of this sector. Therefore, this report will discuss the feasibility of selling agricultural products online with live commerce. Both primary data and secondary data are used. I have collected data from multiple experienced sellers from electronic business platforms, including sales, market share, etc. However, literature is also used for analyzing live commerces success factors and forecasting the feasibility of the online agriculture market. The results of this study show feasibility, desirability, and feasibility risk, lending practitioners in multiple traditional industries, especially agriculture suppliers, a more comprehensive understanding of the factors that would affect live commerces success and motivations of consumer decisions. The outcomes can be further used as a fundamental of online platforms improvement and agriculture products online selling suggestions.

Using the altman’s Z-score formula to assess the financial situation of military construction enterprises in Vietnam

Military construction enterprises are classified as defense economic enterprises and are subject to regulation by two legal systems: the State’s legal system for regulating enterprises in general and provisions of law on national defense. As a result, military construction enterprises have unique characteristics that distinguish them from other enterprises. These characteristics include the organizational form, capital mobilization form, depreciation management, receivable management, and profits distribution of military construction enterprises. This study uses data from financial statements of 22 military construction enterprises from 2015 to 2019 including both joint stock companies and 100% state-owned enterprises to calculate the Altman Z-score formula. The Altman Z-score is a linear combination of four or five common business ratios, weighted by coefficients. Z-scores are used to predict corporate defaults and an easy-to-calculate control measure for the financial distress status of enterprises with high reliability. Due to the difference between military construction enterprises and conventional enterprises, the Altman model is applied in the article to evaluate the financial status of military construction enterprises. The research results show that the decrease in business efficiency causes the ratio of revenue and profit to total assets of military construction enterprises to decrease sharply, the proportion of working capital in total assets is low. Furthermore, the ratio of equity to total debt is the most important reason to make low Z-score that means prediction of a high risk of bankruptcy in military construction enterprises. An evidence base from the research results is used for making a number of proposals to reduce the risk of bankruptcy and improving the efficiency of financial management of enterprises.

Entrepreneurial ecosystem for cooperatives: The case of Kyrgyz agricultural cooperatives

AbstractThe article discusses the development of agricultural cooperatives in Kyrgyzstan from an entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE) perspective. Agricultural development priorities explain cooperatives’ importance in Kyrgyz government's policies, but cooperatives still fail at countering the challenges of the smallholder economy. Considering agricultural cooperatives as a form of rural entrepreneurship, this paper aims to contribute to the discussion of the factors that support cooperatives in developing countries adapting the EE framework to cooperative entrepreneurship. Using a content analysis method, we analysed and coded textual data from documentary and archival publications on the agricultural cooperatives in Kyrgyzstan published by the government, cooperatives and their unions and the reports of international organizations. We identify five main dimensions of the cooperative entrepreneurial ecosystem for cooperatives: (1) policy and regulatory framework; (2) education and skills; (3) market environment; (4) culture; (5) networks. We found that even if the overall structure of cooperatives’ EE can be comparable to conventional enterprises, its sub‐elements significantly differ for cooperative enterprises. Despite its exploratory character and single‐case research design, this article contributes to the theoretical discussion on cooperative entrepreneurial ecosystems in post‐socialist developing contexts and offers a framework of analysis for cooperative development policies and practices.

BUILDING DATABASE IN BALANCING KNITTED GARMENT LINES SOFTWARE IN INDUSTRY

The garment industry is one of the key industries contributing to the economic growth of Vietnam. Industry 4.0 has significantly altered the operational procedures of conventional enterprises. The implementation of technological, digital, and artificial intelligence applications has increased the global efficacy of corporate governance. To successfully assimilate into the regional and global economies, Vietnamese businesses must enhance their management capabilities and maximize both the quantity and quality of their products. In order to achieve this objective, the authors have conducted research to develop a database of sewing line balancing implemented in Assembly Line Balancing software for two common knitted products, namely Polo- Shirts, and T-Shirts. School of Textile-Leather and Fashion, Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST) methods compared and evaluated this result of sewing line balancing of 2 Polo-Shirt and T-Shirt products according to the manual, software, and actual calculation method at 3 enterprises: Star Fashion Company Ltd., Regent Garment Factory Ltd., and Hanoi General Textile Garment Joint Stock Company (Hanosimex). Since then, we have completed the sewing line balancing database for Polo-Shirt and T-Shirt products to row sewing lines for cases in which the path of semi-finished products is both straight and zigzag. The findings of this study can be applied to group conjugation lines and suspended lines transporting semifinished goods. The database has been constructed meticulously and standardized to ensure the diversity, richness, and universality of all product technology structure options applicable to garment companies. The database is utilized in the Assembly Line Balancing software developed by the research team; this is an application-oriented research product that will transfer technology to garment enterprises producing knitwear, assisting them in overcoming current challenges. Reasonable production line layout contributes to optimizing existing production conditions, increasing labor productivity and the efficiency of production organization, and laying the groundwork for the application of digital technology.

A geography of creative networks: The case of a small European economy

Abstract This research project analyses the effects of networking by creative and conventional enterprises at regional and inter-industry levels. It relies on a unique dataset provided by the Slovak Creative Voucher Scheme and has some novel elements. We used direct evidence of industry locations from projects developed by creative industries rather than proxies. Network analysis was applied to establish major patterns in regional and inter-industry cooperation by creative and conventional firms. Regression models were used to analyse the network structure. The findings from quantitative analyses were complemented with evidence from qualitative methods. The network included a wide variety of cooperating partners. A sample of creative firms supported by the Creative Voucher Scheme cooperated with partners from no less than 60 industries. Spatial proximity was a key condition for cooperation, enabling face-to-face contacts and the development of a trusting relationship between creative firms and their clients.

Getting the story right: how second-hand stores use storytelling to gain legitimacy with multiple audiences

PurposeThis paper aims to analyse how sustainable second-hand stores (SSHSs) use storytelling as a legitimization strategy. Second-hand stores have traditionally relied on a charity identity to attract customers. More recently, changing market demands, the growing popularity of second-hand shopping, “vintage” and online shopping have opened up new opportunities for these social enterprises (SEs). This study asks how SSHSs can maintain their legitimacy with incumbent stakeholders while also exploiting these new opportunities.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses an abductive approach starting from existing knowledge on how storytelling builds legitimacy in conventional enterprises. The authors collected qualitative data and interviewed owners and managers of second-hand stores in the Netherlands. This paper specifically looked at how second-hand stores are using their web shops to convey stories and build legitimacy with (new) audiences.FindingsContrary to the authors’ expectations, they found that the web shop is not used as a site for storytelling the mission of the store but is rather a stage for specific products that tell a story of trendy and vintage shopping. This attracts a new customer segment to the store that conventionally does not shop there. This paper concludes that second-hand stores use vintage products as symbols in storytelling through their web shop to gain access to a new market. By foregoing to tell the story of their mission on the web shop, the second-hand stores are choosing to keep their charity and business identity separate.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper makes an original contribution by analysing how second-hand stores are actively exploiting new opportunities created by a changing market context and seeking to maintain legitimacy while doing so. This paper argues that legitimacy is not a static “reward,” rather, something that evolves with the enterprise. This research adds to the body of literature on legitimacy and more specifically cultural entrepreneurship, which holds that entrepreneurs can actively gain and maintain legitimacy through storytelling.

Towards Knowledge-based Smart Service Systems: The Case of a Recommender System for a Cultural Organization

Big data and artificial intelligence (AI) lead to a revolution that transforms conventional enterprises into data-driven organizations in which knowledge discovered from big data and processed by AI techniques will be integrated into traditional knowledge in order to provide smart services to business users. Consequently, a major concern is how to design and develop a knowledge-based smart service system for supporting AI-based applications. This paper proposes an approach for elaborating a knowledge-based smart service system and demonstrates the approach with a case study about a knowledge-based smart service system for a cultural organization. The proposed approach includes different layers such as Data-as-a-Service, Information-as-a-Service, Knowledge-as-a-Service, and Insight-as-a-Service.

Exploring Participatory Management in Social Enterprise Practice: Evidence from Chile

Although evidence shows that it is challenging to implement, many authors state that participatory management is a distinctive attribute of social enterprises. This paper presents case study research exploring how participatory management is manifest in Chile, a country where a paternalistic and autocratic management style prevails thereby constraining the adoption of more collaborative approaches. We found that a majority of the twenty social enterprises considered, despite having very different sizes, governance structure and activity sectors, involved employees and stakeholders in shared decision-making processes. Participatory management was exhibited in distinctive and diverse ways ranging from common agreement on strategic decisions through to the presentation of new proposals by members. We conclude that social enterprises in Chile differ from conventional enterprises not only in their focus on trying to solve social problems, but also in the fact that they may provide a vehicle to promote more innovative and participatory approaches to decision making.

The resilience of the cooperative model: How do cooperatives deal with the COVID‐19 crisis?

The centrality of user‐members in cooperatives and cooperatives' embeddedness in their community and in a global network influence positively their resilience in times of crisis, as illustrated by cases of cooperatives that acted entrepreneurially during the COVID‐19 crisis. Cooperatives are hybrid organizations that maximize value, instead of profit. They are owned, governed, and controlled by their members. They are more resilient than the conventional enterprises in times of crisis, thanks to their peculiar governance characteristics that ensure member centrality. Next to member centrality, the embeddedness of cooperatives in their local environment and a global movement enhances mission centrality as well as trust and solidarity among their members, local communities, and other cooperatives.

Competitiveness of Social Entrepreneurship in Latvia

Social entrepreneurship is an important component of the European social market economy that is based on the principles of solidarity and responsibility and the priorities regarding the individual and social goals; it promotes social responsibility and social inclusion. However, in practice, social enterprises face various problems that negatively affect their competitiveness. The present research has set an aim to examine the competitiveness of social entrepreneurship in Latvia. To achieve the aim, a case study was carried out to identify the factors affecting the competitiveness of social entrepreneurship and its competitive advantages and disadvantages in comparison with conventional enterprises. The research found that the key competitive advantages of social entrepreneurship were the story told by social enterprises and their employee motivation, while the negative effects regarding competitiveness were as follows: the lack of government support for social entrepreneurship, insufficient information in society about social entrepreneurship and the social value created by it, as well as various other factors in the internal environment of an enterprise.

Building resilience through cooperation: Two case studies

Key points There is evidence that cooperatives provide greater resilience in times of crisis than conventional enterprises. Cooperatives subscribe to seven values associated with economic and governance participation, as well as equality and concern for community. We present two case studies, one well established (Crossref) and one new (the UK National Research Identifier Coordinating Committee), that have adopted some cooperative principles. There is a strong push towards greater cooperation in the scholarly communications sector. There is enough evidence from our own sector and the wider socio‐economic landscape to justify prioritizing cooperation and cooperative values in our common endeavours in coming years.

Инновационный подход к разработке технологических процессов изготовления изделий в многономенклатурном производстве

The relevance of the study is in the solution of an important problem – the improvement of the development of engineering procedures for producing goods within the production systems of conventional machine-building enterprises performing the transition to automation and intellectualization of their production cycle. To solve the above-stated task, the authors propose an innovative approach involving the development of efficient manufacturing procedures of producing goods by a multiproduct production system based on making effective project technology solutions. The suggested method of designing effective manufacturing procedures for producing goods by a multiproduct production system is implemented in the System of Computer-Aided Planning of Manufacturing Procedures developed by the authors. The System of Computer-Aided Planning of Manufacturing Procedures is a modern tool for automation of engineering process preparation corresponding to the relevant concept of production digitalization. The set of monitoring and measuring procedures developed by the authors and promoting the improvement of the System of Computer-Aided Planning of Manufacturing Procedures is aimed at the modernization of machining productions with the traditional production cycle and supporting their digital transformation process. The set of monitoring and measuring procedures performs the automated designing of efficient individual manufacturing procedures within a small-series production based on the information about actual dimensional parameters of the part blank surfaces at the initial stage of creation of a manufacturing procedure and based on the integration into the manufacturing procedure structure of an efficient set of monitoring and measuring tools formed on the base of the complex of monitoring and measuring procedures to evaluate the prescribed accuracy of part production. The paper presents methodological and algorithmic provisions of implementing complex of monitoring and measuring procedures, which include the development of the technique of the parts’ coordinate metrology serving as a structural element of an efficient manufacturing procedure and the algorithm of formation of the efficient set of monitoring and measuring tools when designing efficient manufacturing procedure.

The Design Path of the Project Income Dividend Plan of the State-owned Technology Enterprise

Project income dividend is one of the medium and long-term incentive methods commonly used by conventional technology enterprises, and it is also an important way for enterprises to stimulate technological innovation. In recent years, the number of state-owned technology-based enterprises that have distributed project income dividends has gradually increased, and they have all achieved good results. This article summarizes and sorts out the operating steps and common risks of project income dividends through analysis of the policy and practice of state-owned technology-based enterprise project income dividends. It provides an effective reference for the state-owned science and technology enterprises to carry out project income dividends.

Cooperative conversion and communalization: Closely observed interactions between the material and the mental

AbstractVarious authors, including Elinor Ostrom, have shown that the legal form of a cooperative has many of the characteristics of a Common. Here we focus on cooperative conversion, through which conventional enterprises become labor‐managed firms (LMFs), viewing it dynamically as a communalization process. These processes are addressed in the light of a field survey carried out in France, looking at six firms involved in cooperative conversion. The changes entailed are two‐dimensional, both material and mental. This is visible, for example, when finding the capital to mount an LMF: members of the workforce must draw on their own funds; they must also believe in the project. Through our empirical observations we highlight the obstacles in the way of forming an LMF. In particular participants must undertake a work of negotiation hinging on stakes marked by the two, largely inseparable dimensions. Ultimately we query the ethic brought into play in the collective action of constituting a Common. Specifically, individuals must contribute to a collective action underpinned by principles of self‐governance, or commoning, the rock on which the Common rests. A key finding of our study is to demonstrate that a Common can only be successfully created if the constituent processes are consistent with the overall goal. In other words the manner in which we travel is inseparable from our final destination; otherwise we shall surely lose our way.

The business model of a Benedictine abbey, 1945-1979

Purpose Management literature often neglects the business model developed by a monastic institution, as it does not fit the usual categorizations of an enterprise. Nevertheless, monastic institutions founded on Benedictine principles have proven to be economically viable and sustainable over centuries. This paper aims to examine, with the adoption of a single case study, the components of a Benedictine business model, their interrelationship and the role of sustainability. Design/methodology/approach This case study combines in-depth data collection from multiple sources such as field research, archival documents and publicly available information to examine the dynamic business operations of a Benedictine abbey. Findings The analysis suggests that the Rule of St Benedict and the Benedictine values, and a commitment to them, are important for the success of the Benedictine abbey concept and that the business model is both place-based and sustainable. Research limitations/implications A single case study has its limitations compared to the use of multiple examples. Business model concepts are not simply applicable to a monastic institution and vice versa; the Benedictine model is not easily transferable to conventional enterprises. Practical implications Generalizations from a single case study are limited; nevertheless this paper offers practical implications through the study of a monastic institution, showing place-based and sustainable business practices from which management scholars can make assumptions. Originality/value This paper describes and analyses the inception, development and stabilization of a sustainable place-based business model of a Benedictine abbey according to three stages over a period of 35 years while evaluating the sustainable business model from its inception.

A Crossroads for Social Entrepreneurship: Profits versus Ethics

This paper reveals one of the most critical challenges faced by Spanish social entrepreneurship: either prioritizing ethical, social and environmental objectives or profit-seeking. Social entrepreneurship (those initiatives that pursue social and environmental objectives as well as economic ones) has become a very celebrated sector welcomed by political leaders, international corporations, large financial actors and the public opinion alike. The motto that another economy is possible is gaining momentum while an enormous number and variety of both public and private promotional programs are fostering and energizing such promising sector in practically any spot of the world. However, unlike more conventional enterprises, social entrepreneurship face some crucial challenges due to its own hybrid nature and the goal of making philanthropy (i.e., ensuring the social and environmental values) compatible with profit. A mixed-methods oriented research conducted in Catalonia (Spain) reveals some of these contradictions and challenges. As concluding remarks, we provide some clues to reconsider the scope of social entrepreneurship under a different political economy framework.

Assessing employee-owned firms: an examination of the Spanish economic model

Employee-owned firms (EOFs) form part of the so-called social economy, and they are seen as an alternative business model that aims to establish itself as a third way, different to conventional capitalist firms and public enterprises. These firms meet the Spanish legal requirements (Law 44/2015) for employee ownership designation. This paper assesses whether the capital ownership structure is a key factor determining operating performance, productivity and solvency, or in other words, the impact the firm’s capital ownership structure may have on its economic performance, labour factor and capital factor. Based on a sample of small employee-owned firms and non-employee owned firms, the study develops an empirical methodology using a panel data analysis. The study shows the characteristics of Spain’s EOFs as an alternative legal form of employee share ownership, which is included in the Social Economy, but different from cooperative societies.

Towards a Service-Oriented Architecture for Knowledge Management in Big Data Era

Nowadays, big data is a revolution that transforms conventional enterprises into data-driven organizations in which knowledge discovered from big data will be integrated into traditional knowledge to improve decision-making and to facilitate organizational learning. Consequently, a major concern is how to evolve current knowledge management systems, which are confronted with a various and unprecedented amount of data, resulting from different data sources. Therefore, a new generation of knowledge management systems is required for exploring and exploiting big data as well as for facilitating the knowledge co-creation between the society and its business environment to foster innovation. This article proposes a service-oriented architecture for elaborating a new generation of big data-driven knowledge management systems to help enterprises to promote knowledge co-creation and to obtain more business value from big data. The proposed architecture is presented based on the principles of design science research and its evaluation uses the analytical evaluation method.