Conventional Concrete Specimens Research Articles

Experimental study on concrete by partial replacement of fine aggregate with steel slag and cement with metakaolin and glass powder

The present study will describe the characteristics and the effects of concrete properties when fine aggregate is partially substituted by steel slag and cement partially substituted by metakaolin and glass powder at 0%, 10%, 20% and 30. Compressive, tensile, flexural strength, and durability tests were conducted on the cube and cylinder specimens. The test results were compared with conventional concrete specimens. The tests are conducted on specimens for 7days and 28days. Based on the outcomes of the study, it was concluded that replacing cement and fine aggregate with glass powder, metakaolin, and steel slag increases the strength of concrete and reduces attack at 30% replacement. Hopefully, the results have clearly demonstrated the concrete constructions can also be made from eco-friendly alternative materials which are cost-effective and sustainable for longtime.

Self-healing capability of conventional, high-performance, and Ultra High-Performance Concrete with commercial bacteria characterized by means of water and chloride penetration

This study analyzes the self-healing capability of conventional, High-Performance, and Ultra High-Performance Concrete specimens, incorporating commercial bacteria products that are easily accessible, marketed, and affordable from different sectors. Bacteria were incorporated into different mediums: immobilized in diatomaceous earth and liquid. Specimens were pre-cracked to a range of 50–450 μm cracks and were left to heal for 28 days in 3 different conditions (1) water immersion, 2) one week of water immersion followed by three weeks in a humidity chamber, and 3) humidity chamber. To evaluate the self-healing enhancements of specimens using a bacteria-based healing agent, self-healing efficiency was quantified by optical assessment of crack closure, recovery of water tightness via water permeability testing, and chloride permeability via cracks and matrix. The results show that bacterial agents increased the protection against chloride penetration in cracked and healed specimens of conventional concrete, especially when the specimens were healed in water immersion. Owing to the dense matrix of HPC and UHPC, the chloride penetration in the presence of cracks up to 400 μm can be kept below 10 mm. Crack closure greater than 50% is required in UHPC samples to get a significant healing ratio. The penetration through the cracks is approximately twice that of the matrix penetration in conditions when healing is not enhanced.

A study on the mechanical and durability properties of bacterial culture with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) as partial replacement for cement

In concrete structures, the formation of cracks leads to reduction in the strength of the structures. Bioconcrete is an environmentally friendly material used for healing of cracks. In this study, the indigenous bacteria Bacillus cereus KOV15 obtained from the soil is used in bioconcrete with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) as partial replacement for cement. Five different mixes of concrete such as conventional concrete and various mixes of concrete with bacterial broth culture (30% GGBS + 5% bacterial broth culture), (30% GGBS +10% bacterial broth culture), (40% GGBS + 5% bacterial broth culture) and (40% GGBS + 10% bacterial broth culture) were used to find the mechanical and durability properties and to study the microstructure of bioconcrete. The maximum percentage increase in the cube compressive strength, the split tensile strength and the flexural strength of bioconcrete was 26.79%, 11.69% and 21.3% respectively for concrete with 30% cement replaced with GGBS and 10% bacterial broth culture in comparison with the control concrete at the 28th day. The XRD, SEM and EDX analyses were performed to identify the calcium carbonate formation in bioconcrete. The SEM images of the bioconcrete with GGBS as replacement for cement have better hydrated form and have lesser pores than the conventional concrete. The EDX results exhibited a significant increase in the amount of calcium in the bioconcretewith 30% GGBS and 10% bacterial broth culture by 103.82% than that of the conventional concrete.The permeability of chloride ion was very low (903.2 Coulombs) in concrete with 10% bacterial broth culture and 30% GGBS as partial replacement for cement. The water absorption was maximum (3.03%) in the conventional concrete specimens when compared to other bioconcrete specimens with bacterial broth culture and GGBS as partial replacement for cement. Bioconcrete showed very low permeability and higher acid resistance than the conventional concrete. The Load deflection studies exhibited higher ultimate load and ductility factor for bioconcrete and the failure pattern of bioconcrete indicated lesser number of cracks, minimum crack width and no shear failure pattern. The indigenous Bacillicus Cereus KOV15 strains can be used for the synthesis of green construction materials like calcite-based biocement.

Underwater surface abrasion of conventional and geopolymer concrete using the ASTM C1138 approach

This study focuses on the development of unique geopolymer-based composites made using industrial byproducts and waste materials. The first test variable was the compressive strength grade, where conventional concrete specimens with ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and GPC specimens having three target design strengths (20, 30 and 40 MPa) were prepared and tested. All specimens were tested at different ages, which is the second variable of the study, where early ages (3 and 7 days) and mature age (28 days) were adopted. It is worth mentioning that both geopolymer and concrete samples had the exact quantities of filler and binder materials. Then, the specimens were tested following the procedure of standard ASTM C1138 approach under-water abrasion tests, which were conducted at 6 intervals of 12 h each. The recorded abrasion results revealed higher abrasion losses for specimens with lower design strengths regardless of the type of concrete. Besides, the influence of the sample's age on enhancing the abrasion resistance was more apparent in conventional concrete samples than geopolymer ones since the last gained their design strength early, about three days. The GPC specimens exhibited lower abrasion losses compared to their corresponding OPC ones revealing a better abrasion resistance. The difference was the highest at the age of 3 days due to the early strength development of GPC. The abrasion resistance enhancement of GPC specimens compared to their corresponding OPC ones at 3 days was 72% for the design strength of 20 MPa and around 55% for the higher design compressive strengths.

Experimental and Analytical Studies of an Ultra-high Performance Concrete Beam Using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Bars

Infrastructure degradation attributable to concrete deterioration and corrosion of reinforcing steel has been a long-standing challenge to the owners and engineers. This problem becomes more evident when concrete structures are subject to aggressively corrosive environments. The use of advanced materials such as ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) and carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) bars has a strong potential to overcome this challenge and help build new infrastructure that is durable and sustainable. However, structural behavior of members using both UHPC and CFRP bars has not been studied thoroughly in the United States and overseas, and no codes or specifications are readily available for structural engineers to follow. This paper presented an initial attempt to explore this topic by addressing the bond behavior between UHPC and CFRP bars through pullout tests. The test results showed that the UHPC specimens exhibited gradually increased slippage after the peak load and demonstrated superior bond performance in comparison with the conventional concrete specimens. Flexural tests were also conducted to compare the structural behavior of two large-scale beams, which were made of conventional concrete reinforced by steel bars and UHPC reinforced by CFRP bars, respectively. Test results showed that the UHPC beam did not exhibit as much ductility as the conventional beam, as predicted. However, there was still sufficient warning of impending failure in a form of extensive cracking and substantial deflection attributable to the bridging effect of the steel fibers. Further, flexural strength analysis of the UHPC beam using CFRP bars was discussed satisfying strain compatibility and force equilibrium, which provided a guidance for structural engineers to design such members. The research approach adopted in this paper may be applicable to study UHPC beams using other types of FRP materials.

Experimental investigation on utilization of brewers waste as fine aggregate in concrete

All over the world, among the food industries it is well known that the brewing industry plays a major role and also during the beer production, there is a possibility of generating 85 % of byproduct as draff. In the attempt of replacing this spent grain in concrete in view of nullifying the environmental impacts caused due to the spent grain generation and also to meet out the requirement of fine aggregate in construction industry. The main aim is to identify the possibility of replacing the fine aggregate with spent grain in concrete and also to analyze the strength of the concrete to the conventional one. The utilization of spent grain in the concrete will not only help in reduction of environmental effects but also it will lead to a development of concrete economically. This is because brewing industries generates large number of byproducts of waste (spent grain) and many researchers in the country are involved in reutilizing this into a value-added product though most of them utilize the residue as a raw material for several process. Here we use this spent grain as fine aggregate in concrete as an alternative to reduce the depletion of resources and to enhance the sustainability. This kind of material has a greater impact over the environment indicating green building by using economical construction materials. This paper presents an overview on the results obtained from the testing done over the concrete made with spent grain as an fine aggregate. The research involves testing of cubes, cylinders &prisms respectively and then the data generated are compared with conventional concrete specimens and finally reported.

Structural Behavior of Concrete Beams Reinforced with Biaxial Geogrid

In recent decades, corrosion in steel reinforcement has been one of the fundamental risks in steel-reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Geosynthetics can be an alternative approach to solve corrosion problems. The current experimental research work investigates the structural performance of geogrid-reinforced concrete (GRC) elements. Initially, five different geotextiles and biaxial geogrid materials were selected and embedded in the concrete specimens separately to study their mechanical properties. The results of the testing showed that the geogrid embedded specimen behaved more mechanically than the conventional concrete (CC) specimens due to increased bonding characteristics. The limiting moment and load-carrying capacities of the RC and GRC beams were determined with reference to limit state design principles. In order to compare the structural performance of the beams, two RC beams and two GRC beams with the size of 150 mm × 300 mm × 2100 mm were cast. The structural performances in terms of the load-carrying capacity, energy absorption, stiffness degradation, and ductility were examined. The results of the tests indicated that even though the load-carrying capacity of the GRC beams was slightly lower, they demonstrated enhanced performance by 42%, 40%, and 68% higher in the energy absorption, stiffness degradation, and ductility, respectively, than those of the RC beams on average. The augmented inelastic performance and better bonding properties of the GRC beams aid in noticeable structural performance.

A study on bacterial self-healing concrete encapsulated in lightweight expanded clay aggregates

Concrete is a widely used construction material susceptible to cracking due to internal and external stresses, affecting the long-term strength and durability of the structure. Self-healing concrete appears to be a promising solution to address this issue. For concrete, self-healing is naturally achievable to a certain extent by utilising unhydrated cement particles. However, to heal significant internal and external cracks over a long period, we need to develop new techniques to reach a practical level of self-healing. This study investigates autonomous self-healing concrete using Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP). The concrete mix is created by incorporating Lightweight Expanded Clay Aggregate (LECA) encapsulated with Lysinibacillus sphaericus and Bacillus coagulans bacteria. Encapsulation is used to prolong the life of the bacteria and shield them from the highly alkaline environment of the concrete. A bacterial concrete mixture was made by replacing 20% coarse aggregate by volume with the bacteria-encapsulated LECA. The properties of self-healing concrete specimens were compared with conventional concrete specimens of grade M30. After curing, the cracked bacterial specimens underwent a 14-day wet and dry cycle to examine how well the bacteria healed the cracks. Then, the durability property was analysed based on water permeability and chloride penetration tests. The microstructure of concrete was examined using SEM and EDX analysis. Bacillus coagulans and Lysinibacillus sphaericus bacteria specimens showed favourable results compared to conventional concrete for hardened and durability tests performed. The two bacteria-encapsulated concrete also exhibited positive crack healing, and the macrocracks in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 mm were healed. A salt analysis confirmed the presence of Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) in the healed portion of the concrete. Lysinibacillus sphaericus bacteria showed slightly better results than Bacillus coagulans, and both bacteria can be used for self-healing concrete applications.

Torsional Strength of Recycled Coarse Aggregate Reinforced Concrete Beams

This study discusses the torsional capacity of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) reinforced concrete beams under pure torsion based on the experimental findings available in the literature. The experimental data on RCA specimens were collected and compared with the conventional concrete specimens with key variables, such as compressive strength and longitudinal and transverse reinforcement ratios, as those variables affect the torsional capacity of reinforced concrete beams. Overall, the database consisted of experimental results from 30 RCA specimens and 256 natural coarse aggregate (NCA) specimens. The result shows that specimens with a 100 % replacement ratio have the lowest strength. In addition, as the structural mechanism of torsion is similar to the shear mechanism in reinforced concrete beams, a comparative analysis was performed with RCA specimens subjected to shear force. It was concluded that the RCA has a similar effect in strength reduction for the specimens subjected to torsion or shear with a 100% replacement ratio. However, further study and experimental evidence are required to confirm the applicability of the recycled aggregate to produce and design the structural members.

Studies of polypropylene fibres’ effect on strength and workability of slag based geopolymer concrete

The most useful, desirable, adaptable, emerging, reliable, and enduring construction material is concrete. After water Concrete is the most usable substance, and it requires a lot of Cement. The source of carbon dioxide pollution in the atmosphere, after the automobile is due to production of Ordinary Portland Cement and additionally, a significant quantity of energy was used to produce cement. The replacement of OPC or elimination of OPC in concrete is very much important to avoid global warming; A novel construction material called geopolymer concrete is created through the chemical reaction of inorganic molecules. The by-product of coal from a thermal power plant known as fly ash is widely accessible worldwide. Flyash is abundant in alumina and silica. This paper is aimed at studies on the strength and workability of conventional and geopolymer concrete. G40 grade of geopolymer concrete, which equivalent to M40 grade of conventional concrete has been developed by conducting various mixes. The conventional concrete specimen are casted and cured in water and in geopolymer concrete, these are cured with the help of oven for one day after one day rest period and rest of the days kept in atmosphere until testing. The test results have shown that the compressive strength is increased and workability is decreased with the addition of polypropylene fibres.

Comparative Analysis of Geopolymer Concrete with Different Proportions of Fly ash and GGBS with Conventional Concrete Considering the Strength and Durability Parameters

Abstract: The global demand of concrete for the construction of infrastructures is continuously increasing. The production of cement is highly intensive and it emits a lot of CO2 into the air which leads to the global warming. One of the effort to produce the environment friendly concrete is geopolymer concrete which emits less CO2. In the present study the feasibility of industrial by-products i.e.; Fly Ash (FA) and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) powder as eco-friendly and sustainable is studied. So the main aim of this study is to analyse the performance of fly ash and GGBS based geopolymer concrete with conventional concrete which are compared with respect to strength and durability parameters for (7days and 28 days) curing period. In this study strength parameters includes compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength and durability parameters includes acid attack test and rapid chloride permeability test. The two different proportions of (70% fly ash+ 30% ggbs) and (60% fly ash+ 40% ggbs) are used in geopolymer concrete. The Alkaline solutions used are sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3). The study includes casting of geopolymer concrete and conventional concrete specimens and tested for (7 and 28 days) ages for both strength and durability. The results show that Geopolymer concrete gives good strength and durability compared to conventional concrete. Thus, the Geopolymer concrete can be considered to be an environmentally pollution free construction material.

Experimental study and statistical analysis of lean iron ore concrete with high impact resistance

ABSTRACT Impact tests were conducted using a specially made drop hammer impact device on concrete specimens (C60–C90) containing lean iron ore from mine waste as coarse aggregate to realize enhanced impact resistance in applications such as pile driving. Impact resistance tests were also conducted on equivalent conventional limestone concrete specimens for comparison. The statistical analysis results show that the number of impacts at the initial and final cracking of lean iron ore concrete conformed to the Weibull distribution of the strength grade. The impact resistance of lean iron ore concrete was ~0.65–2.03 times greater than that of conventional limestone concrete. In this study, as the impact fracture energies of the C80 and C90 specimens were the maximum and the damage to the lean iron ore aggregate was obvious, the properties of the lean iron ore were completely utilized. Consequently, a linear relationship between the failure resistance of lean iron ore concrete and its strength grade was identified. Finally, the use of lean iron ore as a coarse aggregate in concrete was shown to effectively reduce the probability of the precast concrete pile head bursting during driving.

Study on axial compressive behavior of circular steel tube confined rubberized concrete stub columns

An innovative steel tube confined rubberized concrete column is presented in this research to promote waste rubber recycling and improve the mechanical properties of conventional concrete. The axial compressive behavior of circular steel tube confined rubberized concrete (STC-RuC) stub column specimens is experimentally investigated. Thirty-two specimens including twenty-eight STC-RuC specimens and four referenced circular steel tube confined conventional concrete (STCC) column specimens were fabricated and tested. Experimental variables included rubber particle size, volume replacement ratio of the rubber particles, steel tube thickness, and concrete compressive strength. The failure modes, ultimate strength, strain characteristics, rigidity, confinement effect, and ductility were evaluated. The tests showed the failure of the STC-RuC specimens under axial compression was by the core concrete shear failure and the steel tube local buckling. Also, the ultimate strength of STC-RuC specimens was directly proportional to the rubber particle size and steel tube thickness, and it decreased with the increasing volume replacement ratio. With the increasing volume replacement ratio in STC-RuC specimens, the ductility improved, whereas the rigidity decreased. The rigidity increased with the increasing rubber particle size; compared with concrete-filled steel tube (CFST), rubberized concrete-filled steel tube (RuCFST), and STCC stub column specimens, the STC-RuC specimens had better axial compression behavior with a smaller confinement factor. Further, the ultimate strength of STC-RuC specimens was evaluated using various calculation models. The simplified formulae for the prediction of ultimate strengths were also presented.

Experimental investigation on compressive and flexural performance of Forta-fiber reinforced concrete

Nowadays the Forta-fibers are one of the essential additives in concrete because of their excellent properties such as non-corrosive, non-magnetic, easy-to-finish, color blended fiber, reduce shrinkage and temperature cracking, and 100% alkali proof. A number of efforts have been taken in the domain of reinforced concrete to flourish such high-performance concretes using superior engineering features with the use of Forta-fibers. The aim of this research work is to evaluate the behavior of only concrete and reinforced concrete combined with polypropylene Forta-Fibers experimentally. The experimental program consists of three different quantities of polypropylene Forta-Ferro fiber and Forta-Econo Net fiber mixed with concrete to prepare the test samples. The present study also emphasizes the effect of polypropylene Forta-fiber on properties such as flexural strength and compressive strength of concrete and reinforced concrete respectively. The experimental outcomes of Forta-Fiber concrete and reinforced concrete specimens are associated with equivalent conventional concrete and reinforcement concrete specimens. The stresses, ultimate load, and failure modes of the specimens are monitored, analyzed, and compared. However, the observed failure patterns are changed for Forta-fiber reinforced concrete specimens related to conventional concrete specimens. From the investigation, it is observed that the adding of polypropylene fibers increases the compressive strength of concrete in the range of 10–20% related to conventional non-fibrous concrete. Also, the Forta-fiber reinforced concrete without steel reinforcement has enriched the flexural strength of beam specimens related to the flexural strength of conventional reinforced concrete beams. From the study, it is revealed that the Forta-fibers as additives in reinforced concrete is a good alternative to replace some percentage of steel from the conventional reinforced concrete because it improves the flexural strength and compressive strength.

An experimental study on the partial replacement of fine aggregate with perlite in cement concrete

The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of utilizing perlite as the partial replacement for the fine aggregate. In this study, the natural perlite was replaced for fine aggregate in the levels of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% and the performance is compared with the conventional concrete specimen. The cast samples were used to study the reduction in density without compromising the mechanical properties (i.e., compression strength and tensile strength) of the developed concrete. Test results reveal that the partial replacement of perlite up to 15 % with the fine aggregate could provide the desired strength with the reduction in overall density. When the perlite replacement was more than 15% (i.e., PP-20), the compressive strength reduced up to 13% when compared to the control concrete.

Study on durability of concrete by using rice husk as partial replacement of cement

Concrete's durability is described as its capacity to withstand weathering, chemical attack and surface abrasion to retaining its desirable engineering qualities. It is life time process until the structure gets failed or collapsed. Durability of the concrete is depended on the structure exposure to the environment, desired characteristics and its usage. In order to increase the strength and durability characteristics of concrete, the waste from paddy cultivation, the rice husk ash (RHA), being used for substitute with cement as 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5% and 15% for the concrete grade of M40 and the results are compared with conventional concrete specimen. The workability test results proves, the replacement of RHA, does not affect the flow of concrete. And the compression strength test proves concrete with 7.5% of RHA attains maximum strength. From the durability tests of acid, sulphate, alkaline and chloride tests, the concrete with RHA possesses good resistivity and from the RCPT tests all the specimens were classified under low and very low penetration category as per ASTMC1202.

Experimental investigations on the structural behaviour of reinforced geopolymer beams produced from recycled construction materials

Concrete requires a vast amount of aggregate and cement production. Although there are some efforts in the literature to reduce the amount of Portland cement in the concrete mixture to lessen the greenhouse gas release, a limited number of studies were conducted to investigate the possibility of using this geopolymer mixtures to serve as a structural component. Therefore, this study firstly aimed to produce geopolymer concrete from construction and demolition waste-based precursors, including masonry units (red clay brick, roof tile, hollow brick, etc.) and glass. In addition, recycled aggregates produced from the concrete waste portion of the CDW were used to obtain 100% recycled construction material on the scale of the binder and aggregate phase. Then, this study investigated the possible use of this proposed geopolymer concrete to produce structural components that perform similar to conventional concrete. Therefore, the structural properties of reinforced geopolymer concrete beams produced from the recycled construction demolition wastes were evaluated in this study by conducting laboratory experiments. To this end, bending tests were performed on reinforced conventional concrete beam specimens and reinforced geopolymer concrete beam specimens. The test observations clearly showed that construction demolition waste could be recycled to produce new constructional components, considering its advantage of promoted sustainability.

Comparative study of strength-based damage evolution in ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) and conventional concrete (CC) under dynamic loading

The initiation and development of damage inside cementitious materials subjected to dynamic loadings, which is manifested by the cracking and fragmentation process, have a significant contribution to the load-bearing capacity of these materials. However, current popular concrete models hypothesize that damage only initiates after the specimen reaches its peak stress, and due in part to the lack of validation from sufficient experimental data, none of the models entertain the possibility of variation in damage evolution among different types of concretes. In this study, the evolution of damage in an ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) and a conventional concrete (CC), characterized by the degree of strength degradation, are comparatively investigated throughout the entire pre-/post-peak deformation process as a function of carefully measured plastic strain. Well-controlled intermittent dynamic loadings are achieved on a modified Kolsky compression bar apparatus to first introduce various degrees of damage in the concrete specimens, and then the carefully preserved specimens are tested for residual strength. Coupling with pulse shaping techniques, the incident wave profiles are tailored for UHPC and CC specimens to acquire dynamic stress equilibrium and constant strain-rate deformation. Further evaluation on the residual strength of damaged specimens reveals that damage initiates prior to the peak stress, and there is a distinct difference in damage evolution between these two types of concrete materials. This investigation demonstrates a more comprehensive view of damage evolution in concrete materials and offers novel experimental data to assist the damage model development.

Stress–Strain Behaviour of Bacterial Concrete Incorporated With Sugarcane Fibres

Bacterial concrete is one of the methods of rectifying the micro-cracks developed in the structural elements made of concrete. The gram-positive type bacteria Bacillus subtilis when acquainted with concrete produces calcite precipitation which heals the micro cracks in the concrete. Bacillus subtilis was used with a cell concentration of 106. The optimised percentage replacement of fine aggregates with sugarcane fibres of grain size less than 4.75 mm was 0.1 %. The effect of sugarcane fibres on the durability of bacterial concrete is presented in this paper.To study the Stress -Strain behaviour of Sugarcane based Bacterial concrete (SBC), appropriate analytic SS model is developed that resembles the experimental behaviour of the various samples such as Conventional Concrete (CC), Bacterial Concrete (BC) and SBC. This work mainly targets on utilizing the earlier models and offers a new SS model that can well represent the actual SS behaviour of SBC samples. After finding the SS behaviour of CC, BC and SBC specimens experimentally, equations are developed to characterise axial SS behaviour of CC, BC and SBC samples. From these mathematical equations, theoretical stress for CC, BC and SBC are calculated and compared with test values. The proposed equations have exposed good connection with test values authorizing the mathematical model developed.

Lateral Cyclic Response of RC Bridge Piers Made of Recycled Concrete: Experimental Study

Using recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) in construction reduces the negative environmental impacts that are associated with new concrete production. However, few studies have investigated the structural performance of bridge piers made of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC), which utilizes RCA as coarse aggregate. This paper experimentally investigated the seismic performance of RAC bridge piers. Here, three 1/3-scaled bridge piers having three levels of RCA replacement ratios (0%, 50%, and 100%) were tested. The piers represented a real bridge pier located in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Their seismic performances were evaluated using a quasi-static cyclic loading protocol in the form of hysteresis behavior, strain response, moment–curvature response, energy dissipation, residual deformation, ductility measures, plastic hinge length, and failure modes. The results showed that the RAC piers had similar hysteresis and strain response behavior when compared to the conventional concrete specimen. The ductility measures for the three specimens were very close in terms of curvature and displacement ductility. Moreover, RAC specimens had slightly larger plastic hinge length, experiencing more cracks compared to the control specimen. These findings highlighted the feasibility of using RCA as a replacement of coarse aggregate in bridge piers in seismic regions.