Control Gear Research Articles

Design optimization of a three-dimensional hexagonal braiding technique

The three-dimensional hexagonal braiding technique, utilizing an individually controllable horn gear mechanism, enables the automatic generation of a wide range of intricate fabric preforms for structural composites. However, the limited yarn-carrying capacity and the potential risk of collisions between horn gears hinder the development of this type of braiding machine. This study proposes an optimized hexagonal braiding technique to enhance the machinery and control system, aiming to improve the yarn-carrying capacity and prevent collisions. Specifically, the optimization includes modifying the switch device, developing a new algorithm for controlling each horn gear, and designing a control panel to facilitate human–computer interaction. Additionally, simulations of various fabric structures demonstrate improved braiding capability compared to traditional hexagonal braiders. Moreover, a prototype braider is assembled, capable of automatically braiding diverse fabrics using the control system, thereby demonstrating its potential to manufacture complex composite preforms.

A multi-layer predictive energy management strategy for intelligent hybrid electric trucks collaborated with eco-driving control

Nowadays, hybrid electric trucks (HETs) are also urgently expected to further enhance energy efficiency with the development of intelligent driving system. A multi-layer predictive energy management strategy is designed for intelligent parallel HET to enhance fuel economy and computational efficiency. Depending on intelligently implementation of traffic prediction with navigation data, an online smart battery SOC generation is proposed to obtain an approximately global optimal SOC reference trajectory in the upper layer. In the bottom controller, a novel method, the tolerant sequential model predictive control (MPC) collaborated with sampling strategy, could achieve eco-driving in consideration of both driving comfort and safety with less computation time in autonomous driving scenario. Moreover, to simultaneously accomplish fuel economy and decrease computational burden, the integrated equivalent consumption minimization strategy with dynamic programming (ECMS-DP) solver for MPC scheme is presented to frozen SOC state and jointly control torque distribution and gear action. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed multi-layer strategy has improved over 20 % fuel economy and decreased almost 50 % computational burden relative to traditional MPC benchmark strategy, which could exhibit great effectiveness and potential for practical implementation in real driving routes.

Performance and measurement of power quality due to harmonics from street lighting networks

The municipality government of San Miguel de Tucumán city in Argentina is interested in applying energy saving policies to street lighting facilities. In this frame, devices like astronomical programmable clocks and electronic control gear (ballast) will be used to replace photocells and inductive control gear. Also luminaries in use could be replaced by more efficient ones. A technical-economical evaluation was necessary and the technical aspect was request to the Lighting Department of Tucumán University. The performance of the devices and the power quality impact in the lighting networks evaluation was also necessary to evaluate. The study carried out involved outdoor and laboratory test. During 1,5 month six lighting networks with 273 semi-cutoff luminaires were tested. Network selected belong to residential areas which represent more than 60% of total city lighting facilities (26.000 luminaires). In addition laboratory test were conducted with a sample of inductive (in use) and electronic control gear, for high pressure sodium discharge lamps (HPS) 150W. Performance varying voltage input for aged was analyze. Some results from tests points out that: • The use of programmable astronomical clocks instead of photocell produces 11% of energy saving because of actual time on and off schedule set. • Electronic control gear instead of inductive control gear produces 28% energy saving. • Luminaire replacement of current HPS 150W by HPS 100W with Electronic control gear and photocell control produces 43% in energy saving. Outdoor test results from measurement of electrical input parameters and harmonics of existing inductive control gear in street lighting, indicate that: while THD V voltage is about 2,8%, THD A current can be reduced from 38% to 6,5% even when electronic control gear is set to the lower output power step (70% of power output and 60% of initial average illuminance value). The results obtained will be used as arguments for the widespread replacement in the city which would involve considerable investment and a new experience in the region.

Maneuverability and Movement Stability of Buses of the Especially Large Size Class

One of the main problems of modern big city is the global crisis of normal urban environment operation as a result of structural growing of automobilization level, oversaturation of road-street network by the transport streams. Buses of the especially large size class occupy, at the least, 20% in the structure of a modern bus park. The buses of especially large size classes, with the aim of necessary maneuverability, as a rule are made articulated.One of the ways of improving the maneuverability of articulated buses is the usage of guided towed sections. Solving the mentioned problem usually needs the mathematic models for predicting the vehicle behavior.The aim of introducing the trailer direction is to increase the overall traffic lane of an articulated bus that ensures a necessary maneuverability. The aim is gained by a choice of a rational transmitting ratio of trailer axle gear and necessary value of braking moment on one of its wheels.The solving of the problem concerning the stability of an articulated bus with a guided trailer axle was made by the way of analyzing the linear approaching of stationary vehicle movement.An influence of the construction parameters of the bus and the trailer, a transmitting ratio of control gear and a value of braking moment on the parameters of bus maneuverability were analyzed. It was proved that for an articulated bus, the normal maneuverability parameters can be ensured at the trailer direction by a way of braking of one of the wheels.

A Bootstrap-Based Tooth Surface Errors Statistics Methodology for Batch Hypoid Gears after Heat Treatment

In the manufacturing and production of hypoid gears, it is a necessary key problem to improve the tooth surface heat treatment precision and production efficiency of the hypoid gears. How to use advanced statistical theory and methods to evaluate the whole batch machining quality of the tooth surface after heat treatment is particularly urgent. In this connection, for the same batch of hypoid gears with the same gear material, numerical control gear milling method, and heat treatment specifications, a bootstrap-based statistics scheme of tooth surface errors after heat treatment is proposed in this paper. The bootstrap statistics model of the tooth surface errors for the batch hypoid gears is established. The bootstrap probability eigenvalues and confidence intervals of the measurement sequence points on the tooth surface errors are solved, and the optimizing selection of the single sampling numbers and the repeated sampling times is completed. On this basis, by applying the cubic NURBS surface fitting method, the mean value difference surface of the batch tooth surface errors data is constructed, the statistics laws of the whole batch tooth surface errors after heat treatment is determined, and the effective evaluation of the whole batch tooth surface accuracy is realized. Finally, the feasibility and correctness of the bootstrap-based statistics scheme are verified by the tooth surface errors bootstrap statistics application experiment of one kind of hypoid gear. The results show that with the help of the bootstrap statistics method proposed in this paper, it is not necessary to accurately measure the tooth surface errors of the whole batch of hypoid gears one by one. Only by randomly selecting 10 tooth surface samples and repeatedly sampling 2000 times, the original sample characteristic values of the whole batch tooth surface errors can be accurately estimated, and the heat treatment deformation statistics laws of the whole patch tooth surfaces can be also counted.

Detecting Arcing Faults in Switchgear by Using Deep Learning Techniques

Switchgear and control gear are susceptible to arc problems that arise from slowly developing defects such as partial discharge, arcing, and heating due to faulty connections. These issues can now be detected and monitored using modern technology. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of deep learning techniques, specifically 1D-CNN model, LSTM model, and 1D-CNN-LSTM model, in detecting arcing problems in switchgear. The hybrid model 1D-CNN-LSTM was the preferred model for fault detection in switchgear because of its superior performance in both time and frequency domains, allowing for analysis of the generated sound wave during an arcing event. To investigate the effectiveness of the algorithms, experiments were conducted to locate arcing faults in switchgear, and the time and frequency domain analyses of performance were conducted. The 1D-CNN-LSTM model proved to be the most effective model for differentiating between arcing and non-arcing situations in the training, validation, and testing stages. Time domain analysis (TDA) showed high success rates of 99%, 100%, and 98.4% for 1D-CNN; 99%, 100%, and 98.4% for LSTM; and 100%, 100%, and 100% for 1D-CNN-LSTM in distinguishing between arcing and non-arcing cases in the respective training, validation, and testing phases. Furthermore, frequency domain analysis (FDA) also demonstrated high accuracy rates of 100%, 100%, and 95.8% for 1D-CNN; 100%, 100%, and 95.8% for LSTM; and 100%, 100%, and 100% for 1D-CNN-LSTM in the respective training, validation, and testing phases. Therefore, it can be concluded that the developed algorithms, particularly the 1D-CNN-LSTM model in both time and frequency domains, effectively recognize arcing faults in switchgear, providing an efficient and effective method for monitoring and detecting faults in switchgear and control gear systems.

The Institutionalisation of Information Security Management Practices in selected Organisations in Uganda

The study aimed at examining the extent to which information security management practices were institutionalised in corporate organisations. Evidence shows that failure by organisations to entrench the information security management practices (ISMPs) into organisations’ structures opens the gateway for attacks, threat actors and information breaches to cause harm to information assets with ease. The study explored the phenomenon in its social setting hence the adoption of descriptive research design as the research methodology. The institutional theory was adopted as a new dimension in examining information security management in organisations. This theory suggests that control gears like coercive, normative, mimetic and management commitment could be used to effectively entrench security guidelines in organisations. Methodical scrutiny of the institutionalisation process: development, implementation and maintenance, and evaluation were also carried out. The researcher relied on human experience to make sense of the institutionalised processes. Extant literature was reviewed, and survey questionnaires were developed based on the eleven ISMPs and administered to purposively selected respondents from the two organisations. The eleven ISMPs covered include state of information security policy, asset management, secure information sharing, supply chain security, access management, network security controls, portable and removable media security, remote access security, protective monitoring of information systems, implementation of information security back-ups, and security accreditation by professional bodies. Data analysis was done using SPSS. Findings indicate that organisations have not fully incorporated all the eleven ISMPs covered as best practices and standards. Based on the results from the field, answers to the research questions were partly realised. Recommendations like the implementation of ISMPs to check deficiencies identified, customisation of security guidelines to protect information assets and institutionalisation of security practices at all levels were suggested. Overall, the study was a positive step towards the institutionalisation process of ISMPs in organisations

A digital twin framework for aircraft hydraulic systems failure detection using machine learning techniques

Since the last decade, aircraft systems, such as flight control and landing gear, have been requiring increasing power, and consequently, the complexity of hydraulic aircraft systems has escalated. Inevitably, this complexity has resulted in the need for the troubleshooting of hydraulic aircraft systems that are dispersed around an aircraft and supply power to critical flight systems. This study proposes a novel digital twin-based health monitoring system for aircraft hydraulic systems to enable diagnostics of system failures early in the design cycle using machine learning (ML) methods. The scope of the systems is limited to hydraulic systems at the aircraft level using 20 failure scenarios. The support vector machine and several ensemble learning algorithms of ML methods were used to identify these failures. A comparison of the ML methods revealed that the random forest algorithm performed superior to the other ML algorithms. The developed digital twin framework for hydraulic system of aerial vehicle platforms, can help researchers and engineers to evaluate diagnostics systems early in the design phase.

Technology selection for holistic analysis of hybrid-electric commuter aircraft

Electric powertrains have different characteristics than conventional powertrains with combustion engines and require unconventional aircraft designs to evolve their full potential. Therefore, this paper describes a method to identify potential aircraft designs with electrified powertrains. Promising technology options in the fields of powertrain architecture, aerodynamic interactions, onboard systems and operating strategies were collected by the project partners of the LuFo project GNOSIS. The effect of the technology options on a commuter aircraft was evaluated in terms of global emissions (hbox {CO}_{2}), local emissions (text {NO}_{text {X}} and noise) and operating costs. The evaluation considers an entry into service in 2025 and 2050 and is based on the reference aircraft Beechcraft 1900D. Literature review and simplified calculations enabled the evaluation of the aerodynamic interactions, systems and operating strategies. A preliminary aircraft design tool assessed the different powertrain architectures by introducing the two parameters ’power hybridization’ and ’power split’. Afterwards, compatible technology options were compiled into technology baskets and ranked using the shortest euclidean distance to the ideal solution and the farthest euclidean distance to the worst solution (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method). An analysis of the CS 23 regulations leads to a high-wing design and excluded the partial turbo-electric powertrain architecture with the gas turbine in the aircraft tail. For 2025, a partial turbo-electric powertrain with two additional electric driven wingtip propellers was selected. A serial hybrid powertrain, which uses a gas turbine or fuel cell in combination with a battery, powers distributed electric propulsors at the wing leading edge in 2050. In both scenarios, the aircraft design includes an electric environmental control system, an electric driven landing gear and electro-hydraulic actuators for the primary flight control and landing gear.

Active power losses and energy efficiency analysis of HPS lamps with electromagnetic control gear and electronic ballast under the sinusoidal and nonsinusoidal condition

Active power losses and energy efficiency analysis of HPS lamps with electromagnetic control gear and electronic ballast under the sinusoidal and nonsinusoidal condition

Inside Cover Picture

Stereodefined multifunctionalized β,γ‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds have been achieved via a mild, rapid copper‐catalyzed diborylation reaction of cross‐conjugated enynones. Like the fine control gears, chemo‐, regio‐, Z/E and diastereoselectivity coincide in concert in this step‐economic and modular approach. More details are discussed in the article by Li et al. on page 590—596.image

Determining the Drive Power of the System Controlling the Vibration Amplitude of the Rectifiers for the Continuously Variable Mechanical Transmission with Internal Force Functions

The article discusses the choice of the power and type of the drive motor for the system controlling the vibration amplitude of the rectifier rocker arms of the continuously variable mechanical transmission, intended for use on a motor vehicle. Formulas for calculating the required torque and rotational speed of the drive motor with a planetary differential control gear are given. It is shown that the use of an electrohydraulic drive provides the required speed and power operation of the control system. The results of the system testing are presented.

Influence of power fluid temperature in hydraulics on operating efficiency of hydraulic mining excavators

The Republic of Vietnam has great mineral resources. Open pit mines use hydraulic excavators. In hot climate, the excavators lose capacity, and the number of the hydraulics failures grows. To identify the causes of unstable operation of the hydraulics, the authors analyze the capacity reduction factors, namely, hydraulic pump leaks. The test subject is pump HPV95 for Komatsu hydraulic excavators. The axial-piston pump leaks take place in clearances of control and injection gears, and only have mutable and cyclic behavior in the piston and cylinder clearances. This has an adverse effect on uniformity of the pump flow and on stability of the injection pressure. Generally, leaks can be evaluated from the Reynolds equation of fluid flow rate in the ring clearance. The input data are the design variables of axial-piston pump HPV95 and power fluid temperature range of Komatsu hydraulic mining excavators operated in open pit mining in the south in the Republic of Vietnam. Matlab-based Simulink modeling shows that with increasing temperature of power fluid, leaks in the injection gear grow nonlinearly in the absolute value and so does the surging amplitude in the pump flow. As a consequence, the pressure fluctuations and vibrations in the hydraulic gear elevate. The modeling also exhibits higher surge and reduced net capacity of the hydraulics with rising temperature of power fluid. These changes are caused by reduction in the flow friction in the ring channel between the piston and block of cylinders. Thus, the power fluid cooling system engineering subject to hydraulics capacity, operating conditions and cooling methods is highly critical for the efficient operation of hydraulic mining excavators.

URBAN LIGHTING TECHNOLOGY ADVANCEMENT IN ELECTRICITY ENERGY EFFICIENCY, EVIDENCE: BANDUNG MUNICIPALITY STREET LIGHTS

Street lighting (PJU) is one of the critical facilities that have a vital function, it has a very strategic feature. Besides provide night vision for road users, PJU also has a city artistic value that can add to the attractiveness, harmony, beautification as well. Considering to improve PJU services as the aim for the city’s splendor, safety, security for its residents around public roads, also provide significant savings on energy consumption, Bandung Municipality using effective, efficient, and sustainable resources, intends through Light Emitted Diode (LED) as an advancement of PJU technology. To find out how far the reduction in energy consumption and electricity costs charged by PJU, this research measuring through comparison approach both Non-LED PJU and LED PJU electricity payment, in addition, electricity consumption. This research depicts both lamps' evaluation descriptively as well. LED lighting is a combination of solid-state light sources, control gears for LED lighting operations, and optics for light distribution. The parts would influence the performance of LED lighting in terms of energy efficiency, color quality, life, and lumen maintenance. These components affect the quality of the LED lighting itself. With lower electricity power, LED PJU lights are not inferior to conventional PJU lamps' lighting quality, thus, LED PJU conducts high saving energy demand. Moreover, detracts electricity cost at the same time. The expenditure from changing the PJU lamp from Non-LED to LED PJU able to contribute efficiency of both electrical energy and electricity payment slightly above 30% in Bandung municipality.

Toward elimination of unwanted catches using a 100 mm T90 extension and codend in demersal mixed fisheries.

Most European fishing fleets will need to drastically reduce their unwanted catches to comply with new rules of the common fisheries policy. A more practical way to avoid increasing on-board sorting time and issues linked to storage capacity is to prevent unwanted catches in the first place. We assessed the selectivity properties of an experimental fishing gear that combined a 100 mm T90 cylinder with 130 meshes in the extension and a 100 mm T90 codend of 33 meshes (experimental gear) compared to a 100 mm diamond mesh extension and codend (control gear) during commercial trips using twin trawls. Analysis of the relative size composition of catches indicated a significantly higher escapement of small fish of several target species (e.g. Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis, Melanogrammus aeglefinus, Raja spp, and Lophius spp) and non-target species (e.g. Capros aper and Gurnards spp) from the T90 experimental trawl compared to the control trawl (n = 49 hauls), resulting in a significant reduction of unwanted catches of Gadidae, Triglidae, and Caproidae. In contrast, non-negligible commercial losses of small grade target gadoid species were observed. Mixed general linear models showed that the proportion of ray, haddock and anglerfish retained per length class decreased with increased tow duration. The T90 experimental gear will perform at a commercial level when targeting monkfish, megrim, rays and large haddock, however fishers are not likely to use this gear when targeting smaller-bodied species such as cephalopods, small haddock, whiting (Merlangius merlangus) and hake (Merluccius merluccius), because the gear is likely to allow large numbers to escape. Selectivity studies often focus on a short list of target species; however, catches of non-target species under quota can be problematic for some fisheries. For example, under the implementation of the Landing Obligation catches of boarfish could choke the French whitefish demersal fisheries in the Celtic sea, as France has no national quota for that species. The device tested constitutes an efficient solution to mitigate catches for such non-target schooling fish.

IEC 61439: Alternate Design Verification Methods

Design verification for low-voltage power switchgear and control gear assemblies is intended to verify compliance of the design of an assembly or assembly system with the requirements of IEC61439 series of standards. There are 3 methods of verification. 1. Verification testing 2. Verification comparison with a tested reference design 3. Verification assessment by calculations and design rules including use of appropriate safety margins. The normally preferred verification method is verification by testing. However, verification by assessment and verification by comparison are also alternate verification methods provided by IEC 61439, which are still unexplored. This is in spite of the fact that IEC 61439 states: “ all the permitted means of design verification which includes comparison and assessment are equivalent in terms of performance achieved.” Here, we shall elaborate on the verification assessment and verification comparison methods for Low voltage switchgear and control gear assemblies.

Assessment of Colorimetric Parameters for HPS Lamp with Electromagnetic Control Gear and Electronic Ballast

Road lighting is an important element of road infrastructure influencing on the road safety. It helps road users to identify potential hazards on the road and reduces the risk of a road accident. Improving the energy efficacy of road lighting installations requires using new technologies. Currently, high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps are still most commonly used in road lighting. Many of the luminaires with HPS lamps are still in good technical condition and there is no economic justification for replacing them (except improving energy efficacy). One of the methods of improving their energy efficacy is to replace the electromagnetic control gear (ECG) with an electronic ballast (EB). This replacement may affect the colorimetric parameters of the HPS lamps. Two methods to the estimation change of colorimetric parameters after the replacement of ECG to EB were used. The first is CIE TN 001:2014 and the second is ANSI/IES TM-30-15. The article also presents the advantages and disadvantages of these methods in relation to the evaluation of changes in colorimetric parameters of HPS lamps after the replacement of the ECG with an EB. After the replacement of ECG to EB, the smallest reduction of Ra (colour rendering index) occurred for the 150 W lamp by 31.30% and the highest reduction for the 70 W lamp by 65.52%. Considering the changes of the fidelity indicator Rf and gamut indicator Rg, their changes are significantly smaller than for Ra. The smallest change of Rf value was observed for a 150 W lamp (6.00%) and the largest for a 70 W lamp by 25.00%. In case of Rg, similar changes were observed—for 150 W lamp by 9.26% and for 70 W lamp by 21.88%. The ANSI/IES TM-30-15 method is more suitable for evaluating colorimetric parameters after replacing ECG with EB. Using only Ra to evaluate changes of HPS lamps colorimetric parameters after replacing the ballast type can lead to incorrect conclusions concerning changes of colorimetric parameters. Based on the ANSI/IES TM-30-15 method, it has been proposed to introduce the Δf,g indicator which determines the change of colorimetric parameters based on fidelity and gamut colour indicator.

Optimal Design of Cash Circulation Module Gear for Financial Machinery Based on Tribology

To achieve the characteristics of the cash cycle module of a financial machine, such as a compact transmission mechanism, high transmission accuracy, large torque, high rotation speed, high service temperature, no lubrication, and long service life, this work presented a solution to optimize the tooth shape of a thermoplastic gear and the design of a thermoplastic gear with a limit pressure angle of 35°. Through the modeling and simulation analysis of the factors affecting the life of the gear, it was found that the gear with the improved tooth profile was superior to the control gear without the improved tooth profile in terms of sliding wear of the tooth surface, thermal deformation wear, and interference wear. The experimental results demonstrated that the wear resistance of a thermoplastic gear with a tooth profile of 35° was 1.1 times higher than that of the gear with a tooth profile of 20°, which was consistent with the simulation analysis results and can be used as a theoretical basis for thermoplastic gear design in related fields.

COVID-19 Pandemic: What can Nepal do to Curb the Potential Public Health Disaster?

COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become the pandemic. Since its first report in late December from Wuhan, China, it has spread in 211 countries and has infected more than a million population claiming more than 81,000 lives until 7th April 2020. Although heterogeneous between countries, the recent trend shows that almost 10% of the infected persons are at the risk of death. The case-fatality has been reported to be at 2.3% in China, 7.2% in Italy, 1.73% in South Korea. One of the dreadful characteristics of the COVID-19 is that it is highly efficient at transmission from human to human. SARS-CoV-2 transmits from one human to another through respiratory droplets and close physical contact. Droplet transmission may also occur through fomites in the immediate environment around the infected person. Although there have been multiple studies and trials, no effective vaccines or anti-viral treatments have been effective to prevent or treat SARS-CoV-2 infection and can take another 12-18 months for the evidence to be generated. In this context, the only remained options would be to explore the epidemiological trend and learn from countries who have controlled the infection successfully. The early detection of cases and community containment have been some of the successful strategies. South Korea was able to lower the COVID-19 cases by an extensive and concerted community testing. The traditional strategies of isolation, quarantine, social distancing and community containment helped China to hold its level of infection after the second half of March 2020. With the increasing number of cases, Italy, the United State and the United Kingdom have increased their testing facilities. Germany, for instance, started mass testing and community surveillance quite early on (proactive community testing) reflected on its low fatality rate.
 In Nepal by 5 April 2020, only 1,521 tests have been performed only among the suspected cases (a reactive testing method) who attend the hospital and so far 9 has been confirmed cases. Though the case was identified in January, the country-wide lockdown came into effect only on 24 March 2020. Based on the report provided by the Ministry of Health and Population, Nepal is trying its best to increase the number of isolation and quarantine facilities along with the provision of essential PPE. Nepal is at stage II (evidence of local transmission as opposed to imported cases only) of a pandemic but it is difficult to say how the disease is circulating in our population due to poor testing coverage and no proactive community testing. Current public health measures that are cost-effective, although not ideal would be to stringently follow social distancing. Social distance alone would be futile unless, other measures are in place that includes proactive community testing, providing essential medical equipment such as personal protective equipment (PPE), isolation and quarantine spaces, medical logistics such as infection control gears, and ICU facilities with adequate ventilators. While social distancing is the best measure, for now, community outreach for proactive testing with mobilization of community health workers and the use of technologies to inform the preventive measures and to dispel the fears, and rumors can be promising. Including the general public, health workers and policymakers require a strong collaborative platform to work together to consolidate the measures ahead to prevent the COVID-19 disaster in Nepal.

Development of Flue Gas Desulphurization Reactor for Reducing SOX Emission from Flue Gases Emitted in Thermal Power Plants

Electrical energy produced in any country is one of the development measures takes place in that country. The energy produced is mainly based on the available resources such as flowing water, coal, oil, gas, nuclear fuels, wind, solar etc. The accessibility of bounty coal in India had provoked the power plant organizers to introduce coal based warm power stations. During the pre-autonomy and post-freedom period in mid fifties, the need was to create control and subsequently much consideration was not paid to the contamination angle and this proceeded up to late seventies. The awareness made by contamination impact on the general public and the colossal measure of disintegration exposed to the gear constrained the specialists to make contamination standards increasingly stringent. These convincing standards which appeared in eighties required the power plant faculty to change the contamination control gear in the current power plants introduced during early days. Most of intensity plants in India going from not many MW to 500 MW or more are of pounded fuel terminated boilers using low calorific, low coal sulfur, high debris content sub-bituminous coal. Due to burning of the coal, emissions such as Particulate Matter (PM), Oxides of Sulphur (SOx) and Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) apart from CO2, CO are carried away to the atmosphere through the flue gas. In this paper, the methodology to reduce SOx from flue gas in a coastal power station in is discussed and the optimum methodology adopted is Seawater Flue Gas Desulphurisation (SWFGD) using the alkalinity of the seawater to scrub SO2 from the flue gas. The seawater used in the FGD system is from the once through Condenser outlet of the Turbine system and since there is no by-product to be disposed, the seawater FGD is the optimum SOx reducing mechanism for a coastal thermal power station.