Control Behavior Research Articles

Religiosity, Locus of Control and Financial Behavior of Muhammadiyah Religious Administrators in North Maluku in Strengthening Organizations and Community Services

This research aims to find the meaning of Religiosity, Locus of Control, and Financial Behavior of Muhammadiyah Administrators in North Maluku in Strengthening Organizations and Community Services. This research is very important to study because it is still rare to raise the topic. In addition, what distinguishes this research from the previous one lies in the sociological approach. While the qualitative method with the type of phenomenology is used to reveal meaning. The results found that religiosity serves as a foundation of values, as well as guiding decision-making and shaping the integrity of the board. High internal locus of control among the administrators indicates a belief in the ability to control the outcome of actions, in terms of financial behavior, it was found that the administrators showed discipline and prudence in the management of funds, In addition, this study reveals that collaboration with external parties is seen as a success factor in running social services. This research contributes to understanding how aspects of religiosity, locus of control, and financial behavior affect organizational strengthening and community service, and offers insights for the development of more effective strategies in religious and social contexts.

Comparative performance analysis of different controllers for five-phase induction motor drive

In many situations where it is necessary to reduce the total power consumption per phase while maintaining high overall system dependability, multiphase machines are widely acknowledged as an appealing substitute for traditional three-phase machines. Recent years have seen an acceleration in the field's advances, and a significant body of knowledge has been produced. Fuzzy controllers are an effective method for managing complex processes. However, its characteristic changes across wide variations in parameters' ranges. Our research addresses this problem by using a fuzzy adaptive controller. To improve vector controlled induction Motor drive robustness and guarantee that the five-phase asynchronous machine operates consistently even in the face of disruptions (abrupt changes in the load, rotor resistance variations, and rotor inertia variations, and other factors.), control behavior model (CBM) is applied. The simulation's findings demonstrate that fuzzy adaptive control performs well and is more reliable (Rotor resistance Rr = 200%Rrn, Lm = 0.8*Lmn and J = 200%Jn) when compared to the conventional fuzzy Logic Control and as a classic controller.

Impact of internet addiction and gaming disorder on body weight in children and adolescents: A systematic review.

Internet use and gaming have increased in daily life. Internet addiction has not been recognised in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition or 11th Revision of International Classification of Diseases despite gaming addiction having been listed since 2013. Previous studies have shown an association between internet use and weight gain or disordered eating patterns in the general population, however none have addressed this association in a paediatric population. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between internet addiction or gaming addiction and weight in children and adolescents under 18 years of age. A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted, and articles were screened for relevance. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) 3critical appraisal tool was used to assess quality of studies. Due to heterogeneity of the studies, a meta-analysis could not be performed, thus a narrative summary was performed with the results summarised and tabulated. Of 8114 initial articles identified, we included 14 studies. The review produced inconsistent results, with three of the 14 studies demonstrating no statistically significant relationship between internet and/or gaming addiction and obesity. The remaining 11 studies showed a statistically significant positive association. One study demonstrated that those who are underweight as well as overweight and obese were more likely to have problematic internet use. Four articles demonstrated increased rates of poor nutritional habits, poor eating patterns and weight control behaviour in children and adolescents with internet addiction or gaming disorder. Another study showed no statistically significant association between internet addiction and disordered eating or eating disorder. Most of the available studies revealed increased rates of obesity in children and adolescents with internet addiction or gaming disorder, with poor patterns of eating. Clearer definitions and consistent use of terminology are required to enable more robust research in this field.

Impact of weight and health-behavior information on evaluations of girls' health.

The dominant public health narrative equates excess weight with poor health, and previous research has demonstrated that people judge adults with higher body weights as being in poor health, even when they engage in healthy lifestyles. The present study investigated whether the same pattern of beliefs holds for perceptions of children's health. Participants (n = 445) viewed the health profile of a female child that varied in terms of weight status (normal weight, obese), health behaviors (good, poor), and age (younger, older), and then rated the child's overall health and indicated their agreement with suggested behavior recommendations. For older children, targets with obesity were perceived as less healthy and were recommended to engage in more healthy and weight control behaviors than were the targets with normal weight. Health behaviors did influence perceptions of health and behavioral recommendations, but much less so for the target with obesity than for the target with normal weight. For younger children, participants placed a greater emphasis on health behaviors than on weight in their perceptions of the target's health and healthy behavior recommendations, but the target's weight did play a greater role in weight-control behavior recommendations. Overall, perceptions of older children reflect the mainstream weight-centric health beliefs that are perpetuated in public health messaging, whereas perceptions of younger children seem to be more aligned with the scientific evidence supporting the importance of health behaviors to overall health. Public health messaging, particularly messaging targeting parents, should be reframed to focus on the importance of engagement with health behaviors without reference to weight.

Brain connectivity disruptions in PTSD related to early adversity: a multimodal neuroimaging study

ABSTRACT Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is increasingly prevalent in individuals with adverse childhood experiences (ACE). However, the underlying neurobiology of ACE-related PTSD remains unclear. Objective: The present study investigated the brain connectivity in ACE-related PTSD using multimodal neuroimaging data. Methods: Using a total of 119 participants with ACE (70 with ACE-related PTSD and 49 ACE-exposed controls), this study acquired T1-weighted MRI, diffusion-weighted MRI, and resting-state fMRI data to examine structural and functional connectivity between groups. Joint connectivity matrix independent component analysis (Jcm-ICA) was employed to allow shared information from all modalities to be examined and assess structural and functional connectivity differences between groups. Results: Jcm-ICA revealed distinct connectivity alterations in key brain regions involved in cognitive control, self-referential processing, and social behaviour. Compared to controls, the PTSD group exhibited functional hyperconnectivity of the right medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) of the default mode network and right inferior temporal cortex, and functional hypoconnectivity in the lateral-PFC of the central executive network and structural hypoconnectivity in white matter pathways including the right orbitofrontal region (OFC) linked to social behaviour. Post-hoc analyses using the joint brain-based information revealed that the severity of ACE, the number of traumas, and PTSD symptoms later in life significantly predicted the effects of ACE-related PTSD on the brain. Notably, no direct association between brain connectivity alterations and PTSD symptoms or the number of traumas within the PTSD group was observed. Conclusion: This study offers novel insights into the neurobiology of ACE-related PTSD using multimodal data fusion. We identified alterations in key brain networks (DMN, CEN) and OFC, suggesting potential deficits in cognitive control and social behaviour alongside heightened emotional processing in individuals with PTSD. Furthermore, our findings highlight the combined influence of ACE exposure, number of traumas experienced, and PTSD severity on brain connectivity disruptions, potentially informing future interventions.

The Impact of Specialized Nurse-Led Education Programs on Glycemic Control and Self-Management Behaviors in Type 2 Diabetes Patientsype 2 Diabetes Patients

The Impact of Specialized Nurse-Led Education Programs on Glycemic Control and Self-Management Behaviors in Type 2 Diabetes Patientsype 2 Diabetes Patients

HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DENGAN PERILAKU PENGENDALIAN HIPERTENSI PADA LANSIA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS MAESAN

Hypertension is a common degenerative disease that attacks the elderly. One of the factors that influence the occurrence of hypertension in the elderly is an unhealthy lifestyle and lack of family support so that self-management in the elderly is not carried out properly. Identifying the relationship between family support and hypertension control behavior in the elderly in the Maesan Health Center Work Area is the purpose of this study using a correlational design method with a Cross-Sectional approach. The sample in this study was the elderly in the Maesan Health Center Area with a total of 143 respondents obtained by purposive sampling technique. The results of family support are mostly in the good category as many as 70 respondents (49.0%). Hypertension control behavior in the elderly is mostly in the good category as many as 73 respondents (51.0%). The results show that there is a relationship between family support and hypertension control behavior in the elderly in the Maesan Health Center Work Area, the better the support given by the family to the elderly, the better the hypertension control behavior in the elderly. Suggestion for the elderly it is expected that the elderly who suffer from hypertension will implement healthy living behaviors.

Family Support in Diabetic Foot Prevention Efforts: A Correlation Research

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease with increased blood sugar levels, caused by impaired insulin secretion and can cause complications. Complications that often occur in Diabetes Mellitus patients are diabetic foot wounds and if not treated immediately, they can become infected and require amputation to remove infected tissue. Foot care behavior is part of primary prevention efforts that aim to prevent wounds and chronic complications in patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Family participation in foot care is needed, because it can encourage the behavior of people with Diabetes Mellitus to carry out foot care. The purpose of this study was to determine family support in the success of efforts to prevent diabetic ulcers. This study used 36 respondents of DM patients who lived with their families using the HDFSS instrument to measure family support and foot care efforts instrument to measure diabetic foot prevention. The results showed a correlation between family support and behavior for routine control to health services, taking DM medication regularly and efforts to prevent Diabetes Mellitus feet.

Beliefs underlying weight control behaviors among adolescents and emerging adults living with obesity: an elicitation qualitative study.

Weight control behaviors are commonly observed among adolescents and emerging adults. However, the high prevalence of overweight and obesity in both these age groups remains an imperative health concern. Adolescents and emerging adults represent the most vulnerable groups facing the health burden of obesity. This study was designed to articulate the underlying beliefs concerning weight control behaviors among adolescents and emerging adults living with obesity by an elicitation qualitative study based on the integrated behavioral model (IBM). Semi-structured and individual interviewing was utilized. Eligible participants were recruited during September and November 2020. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using a hybrid inductive and deductive content analysis approach. Twenty-seven participants, comprising 12 adolescents and 15 emerging adults living with obesity, were interviewed to explore their beliefs and strategies regarding weight control behaviors. Emerging adults were more likely to engage in extreme weight control methods. Three overarching themes emerged across both age groups: eating-centered concerns, focus on physical appearance, and social interference. Significant differences were noted while adolescents and emerging adults shared some common beliefs. Emerging adults expressed more economic concerns about weight control, whereas adolescents identified food restriction as the primary barrier to their weight management efforts. These findings highlight the nuanced differences in beliefs about the weight control practice of these two developmental groups. More beliefs-tailored and theoretically driven interventions are needed for these two unique age groups. Healthcare providers should address dietary and economic concerns while engaging adolescents and emerging adults in weight management. Future obesity interventions should incorporate shared and unique beliefs identified in each group to promote healthy weight management effectively.

Gate-tunable high tunneling magnetoresistance induced by hybrid interface states in Ni-electrode single-molecule junctions

Based on the density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green's function method, the modulation effects of gate voltage on the spin transport properties of Ni/triphenylene/Ni single-molecule junctions are investigated. The plane-, platform-, and tip-shaped electrode configurations are considered in the calculations. The numerical results show that the electrode configuration and gate voltage significantly influence the hybrid interface states (HIS) and further the spin transport properties of the molecular junctions. The molecular junctions with plane- and platform-shaped electrode configurations show weak spin polarization (SP) and tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR). Still, they exhibit excellent field effect transistor behaviors with the modulation of the gate voltage. Due to the delocalized spin-down HIS located at the Fermi level, the molecular junction with tip-shaped electrode configuration presents high and controllable SP and TMR behaviors through the gate voltage modulation. The calculations demonstrate that high spin-polarized HIS located at the Fermi level are extremely significant for the generation of excellent spin transport properties in molecular junctions composed of non-magnetic molecule and magnetic electrodes.

The Effect of Income, Locus of Control on Financial Management Behavior of K-Popers Community Members in Pekanbaru City with Hedonism Lifestyle as a Moderating Variable

This study aims to examine the effect of income and locus of control on financial management behavior of K-Popers community members in Pekanbaru city with hedonism lifestyle as a moderating variable. The population in this study included K-Pop fans in Pekanbaru city who fit certain criteria with a sample of 330 respondents. The sampling technique was purposive sampling. Data analysis using structural equating modeling on partial least square. The results showed that income has a positive and significant effect on the financial management behavior of K-Popers community members in Pekanbaru city. Locus of control has a positive and significant effect on the financial management behavior of K-Popers community members in Pekanbaru city. Hedonism lifestyle has a significant negative effect on the financial management behavior of K-Popers community members in Pekanbaru city. Hedonism lifestyle as a moderating variable weakens the positive relationship between income and financial management behavior of K-Popers community members in Pekanbaru city and is significant. While hedonism lifestyle as a moderating variable weakens the positive relationship between locus of control and financial management behavior of K-Popers community members in Pekanbaru city but is not significant

The practice, nature, and impact of nurse-led type 2 diabetic foot prevention services and educational programs in Sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review.

The objective of this study is to assess the scope of existing practice, nature, and impact of nurse-led type 2 diabetic foot prevention services and educational programmes in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in SSA imposes a heavy burden on current healthcare services. Complications such as foot ulcers can have a significant impact on patient care and healthcare resources. It is imperative to identify patients at risk of developing diabetic foot complications and empower them with diabetes self-management education and support from specialised foot clinics is crucial. However, the availability of such programmes and services in SSA is limited. Studies of nurse-led diabetic foot prevention services and/or educational programmes in low- or middle-income countries in SSA for adults with T2DM, written in English, between August 2013 and March 2024 were considered. Following the standard Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for conducting and reporting scoping reviews, searches were conducted on four electronic databases (CINAHL, ProQuest, MEDLINE, and Scopus) and Google Scholar. The titles and abstracts were scrutinised. All eligible papers were retrieved and screened for full text. The review included ten studies (across 14 papers), all of which focused on nurse-led diabetes self-management education (DSME) programmes in SSA. There are no specific educational programmes or services led by nurses that focus exclusively on diabetic foot prevention. The analysis highlighted the components of successful nurse-led DSMEs that led to positive glycaemic control and self-care behaviors, including the focus on behavior change and the DSME should be co-produced with service users. The theoretical aspects of the DSME include evidence-based, structured, interactive, culturally and linguistically appropriate group-based activities. The DSME should be delivered over a period of several weeks, and sessions should last between 1.5 and 2 h. Barriers to delivery and participation include the rainy season, stockouts, time and resources needed, and a DSME that meets diverse levels of literacy and education. There is a heightened need for nurse-led, co-produced, culturally congruent, frugal, and sustainable education interventions or programmes. There is also a need for diabetic foot screening and foot ulcer prevention services that can operate sustainably alongside these educational interventions through task-shifted, simple, and frugal initiatives.

Examining Virtual Delivery of Strength at Home for Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration

This study examined the effectiveness of the virtual delivery of the Strength at Home (SAH) intervention program for intimate partner violence in a sample of 605 military veterans across 69 Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Centers through a national implementation of the program. Outcome measures included physical IPV, psychological IPV, coercive control behaviors, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and alcohol misuse. Significant pre-intervention to post-intervention reductions were found for all the outcomes, with similar effect size estimates relative to a prior investigation of in-person-delivered SAH through the same national VA implementation. Study findings suggest that the virtual delivery of SAH may be as effective as in-person delivery which has important implications for program access and impact.

Combined T1-weighted MRI and diffusion MRI tractography of paraventricular, locus coeruleus, and dorsal vagal complex connectivity in brainstem-hypothalamic nuclei

Background: Current multimodal neuroimaging plays a critical role in studying clinical conditions such as cardiovascular disease, major depression, and other disorders related to chronic stress. These conditions involve the brainstem-hypothalamic network, specifically the locus coeruleus (LC), dorsal vagal complex (DVC), and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus, collectively referred to as the “DVC-LC-PVN circuitry.” This circuitry is strongly associated with the norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) neurotransmitter systems, which are implicated in the regulation of key autonomic functions, such as cardiovascular and respiratory control, stress response, and cognitive and emotional behaviors. Objectives: To develop a methodology for delineating the DVC-LC-PVN circuitry in the human brain using multimodal neuroimaging. Methods: We combined structural T1-weighted morphometric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion MRI-based tractography to map the DVC-LC-PVN circuitry in the human brain. This methodology was applied to a pilot sample of brain datasets from five healthy adult subjects obtained from the publicly available Human Connectome Project repository and to one post-mortem human dataset. Results: The DVC-LC-PVN circuitry was delineated in vivo in five human subjects and one ultra-high resolution post-mortem dataset, allowing for refined anatomical observations. Conclusion: NE and E neurotransmitter systems engender substantial interest in both basic and clinical neuroscience due to their roles in the regulation of key autonomic functions, such as cardiovascular and respiratory control, stress responses, and cognitive and emotional behaviors. As demonstrated in this study, multimodal neuroimaging techniques provide a valuable approach for mapping small brainstem and hypothalamic structures and complex circuitries such as the DVC-LC-PVN circuitry.

Why do even strong intenders sometimes fail to act? Evidence from protection, detection, and risk health behaviors.

Behavioral intentions are one of the strongest predictors of health behavior. The current research explored the factors predicting action in those with already strong intentions (i.e., those with the most extreme intention scores). Across four studies on different types of health behavior (physical activity, bowel screening, smoking initiation, COVID-19 protection behaviors), attitudes, norms, perceived behavioral control and past behavior (plus habit in Study 4) were tested as prospective predictors of action in the subsample of participants with extreme (strong) intentions. In Studies 1 (N = 392) and 2 (N = 808) among strong intenders, norms and past behavior were consistent predictors of engaging in objectively assessed physical activity and bowel screening, respectively. In Studies 3 (N = 4,148) and 4 (N = 445) among strong intenders, affective attitudes (only Study 3), descriptive norms, capacity/autonomy, and past behavior were predictors of resisting smoking initiation and engaging in COVID-19 protection behaviors, respectively. Study 4 also showed habit to be a significant predictor of action in strong intenders. This research identifies factors that might be useful targets to promote engagement with health behaviors in those with already strong intentions to act. Future research could usefully test whether targeting these same variables translates into behavior change in those with already strong intentions to act. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Social Media Influence on Senior High Students' Spending Behavior for a Financial Management Plan

Purpose: This paper focuses on the rising influence of social media on senior high school students' financial behaviour and uses the case study of a Manila student subjected to social expectations, attitude in spending, and perceived control. Social media is viewed as a new learning opportunity about finance, yet it tends to nurture consumerist tendencies associated with impulsive buying. Therefore, the research gap in the existing studies aims at detailing mechanisms by which social media impacts students' spending. Study design/methodology/approach: A descriptive-correlational design was used, with responses obtained from 308 senior high school students through structured questionnaires. This allowed for assessing the correlations between social media influence, students' financial attitudes, subjective norms, perceived control, and spending behaviour patterns. Findings: Key findings depict a good correlation between students' exposure to social media and their spending behaviour, which would articulate how digital platforms influence financial attitudes and decision-making. Integrating educational finance management into school curricula would support students in learning to think critically and responsibly about their finances. However, this cross-sectional study limits generalisation and calls for the agenda of longitudinal research in this area. Originality/value: This paper contributes to the existing literature based on particular mechanisms about the impact of social media on student spending behaviour, especially within the context of Manila. It indicates the practical value of infusing financial education into school programs, promoting media literacy and financial responsibility in students to foster independence and long-term fiscal awareness.

Inhibitory Control in Late Childhood as a Predictor of Antisocial Behavior in Adolescence and the Role of Social Context.

Understanding the factors contributing to adolescent antisocial behavior is crucial for effective interventions. Protracted development of cognitive control systems supporting inhibitory control may be linked to increases in adolescent antisocial behavior, suggesting the promotion of inhibitory control as a potential preventative strategy. Concurrently, social contextual factors, including peer relationships, parent-child dynamics, and the neighborhood environment, may exacerbate or buffer the risk posed by low inhibitory control. In a large, longitudinal sample of youth from racially and ethnically diverse low-income families (N = 731), we examined the association between inhibitory control (age 10.5) and antisocial behavior (age 14) and explored contextual factors (neighborhood, peer relationships, parent-child relationship) as potential moderators. Lastly, we investigated whether a randomized controlled trial of the Family Check-Up (FCU) intervention started at age 2 predicted a decreased youth report of antisocial behavior in adolescence via increased inhibitory control in late childhood. We found that lower inhibitory control in late childhood predicted increased antisocial behavior in adolescence. For youth with low inhibitory control, living in a dangerous neighborhood or associating more with deviant peers increased the risk for adolescent antisocial behavior. Finally, the FCU intervention indirectly reduced youth-reported adolescent antisocial behavior via enhancing inhibitory control in late childhood, and the indirect effect was strongest for youth in risky contexts (e.g., low parental knowledge and control). Although risky contexts can exacerbate individual risks related to deficits in inhibitory control, greater inhibitory control may be a protective factor. Additionally, early childhood interventions can improve inhibitory skills and decrease the risk of adolescent antisocial behavior, particularly for youth within risky contexts.

Modal Parameter Identification of Jacket-Type Offshore Wind Turbines Under Operating Conditions

Operational modal analysis (OMA) is essential for long-term health monitoring of offshore wind turbines (OWTs), helping identifying changes in structural dynamic characteristics. OMA has been applied under parked or idle states for OWTs, assuming a linear and time-invariant dynamic system subjected to white noise excitations. The impact of complex operating environmental conditions on structural modal identification therefore requires systematic investigation. This paper studies the applicability of OMA based on covariance-driven stochastic subspace identification (SSI-COV) under various non-white noise excitations, using a DTU 10 MW jacket OWT model as a basis for a case study. Then, a scaled (1:75) 10 MW jacket OWT model test is used for the verification. For pure wave conditions, it is found that accurate identification for the first and second FA/SS modes can be achieved with significant wave energy. Under pure wind excitations, the unsteady servo control behavior leads to significant identification errors. The combined wind and wave actions further complicate the picture, leading to more scattered identification errors. The SSI-COV based modal identification method is suggested to be reliably applied for wind speeds larger than the rated speed and with sufficient wave energy. In addition, this method is found to perform better with larger misalignment of wind and wave directions. This study provides valuable insights in relation to the engineering applications of in situ modal identification techniques under operating conditions in real OWT projects.

Associations Between Body Appreciation, Body Weight, Lifestyle Factors and Subjective Health Among Bachelor Students in Lithuania and Poland: Cross-Sectional Study.

Background/Objectives: Positive body image is linked to improved mental and physical well-being, healthier lifestyles, and fewer unhealthy weight control behaviors. Cultural factors also play a role in influencing body appreciation. This study investigated the associations between body appreciation, body weight, lifestyle factors, and subjective health among bachelor's students in Lithuania and Poland. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with 1290 students from universities in both countries. The Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) measured body appreciation, while participants provided self-reported data on their dietary habits, physical activity, sleep, health perceptions, and body weight and height. Linear regression models explored associations between BAS-2 scores, actual and perceived body weight, lifestyle habits, and subjective health. Results: Gender and country-based differences in body appreciation were observed. Lithuanian female students reported a higher median BAS score of 33 compared to 32 among Polish female students (p = 0.02), despite having a higher median BMI (22.3 kg/m2 vs. 21.1 kg/m2, p = 0.001). Positive body appreciation was linked to healthier dietary behaviors, such as higher consumption of fruits, vegetables, fish, and regular breakfasts. Additionally, greater physical activity and sufficient sleep were associated with higher body appreciation, while higher intake of sweets, sugary drinks, and fast food correlated with lower BAS-2 scores. Both BMI and perceived weight were negatively associated with body appreciation, particularly among females. Conclusions: Body appreciation is closely linked to body weight, healthier lifestyle, and positive health perceptions, suggesting that promoting healthier habits may improve body appreciation.

Investigation on the development of Novel PAM structure as high-performance clay inhibitor in HT/HP conditions by using functional groups

Polyacrylamide (PAM) molecular structures are not stable at higher temperatures, limiting their effectiveness in water-based drilling fluid (WBDF) applications. This study focuses on identifying functional groups that can enhance the thermal stability of PAM structure. It presents a comprehensive and comparative analysis of the swelling inhibition capacity of both low and high molecular weight (MW) PAM-based polymers at high temperature and high pressure (HT/HP). The mechanism by which modified PAM interacts with and adsorbs to the clay (Na-MMT) surface is examined, along with an analysis of the surface properties of the clay minerals. Therefore, molecular dynamic (MD) simulation results revealed that the Novel PAM polymers with high MW containing ethyl and benzyl groups demonstrate greater stability and more controlled deformation behavior compared to conventional PAM at HT conditions. Surface modification and hydrophobic effects were observed in the interactions between polymers and Na-MMT. Low MW PAM-based polymers showed larger fluctuations in d-spacing, indicating various or more disruptive interactions. In contrast, the insertion of high MW PAM-based polymer resulted in significantly narrower and lower d-spacing fluctuation ranges. The Novel PAM exhibited superior performance, providing lower d-spacing fluctuations compared to both low MW PAM-based polymers and standard PAM. Across a temperature range from 300 to 600°K, the Novel PAM consistently improved polymer adsorption on the Na-MMT surface compared to standard PAM. Indicating that the modifications effectively reduce the interaction between Na-MMT particles and water molecules while enhancing the interaction between the polymer and Na-MMT, potentially leading to more stable structures in HT/HP environments. The enhanced stability suggests that Novel PAM is more suitable for WBDF applications, as it is less prone to structural changes and can maintain its integrity under harsh conditions. The modifications provide the polymer with better resilience, potentially leading to improved performance in practical applications.