Contribution Of Information Science Research Articles

Monitoring the Sustainable Development Goals based on the relationship between Citizen Science and Information Science

Citizen Science has the potential to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals by promoting the active participation of citizens in scientific projects. In the same context, Information Science provides a theoretical framework for Citizen Science, with a view to dealing with the management and access to scientific information generated by public participation projects. To this end, the aim of this article is to highlight the contributions and influences of Information Science in relation to the potential of Citizen Science for monitoring the SDGs of the 2030 Agenda. Methodologically, the research described has basic characteristics, through a bibliographic survey, since it seeks to identify the current level of knowledge, points of view and new discoveries around the topic addressed, using the data triangulation technique to treat the results. The results show the potential of Citizen Science and the contributions of Information Science, according to researchers and institutions in the field, in relation to the guidelines for implementing the 2030 Agenda. The conclusion is that the potential of Citizen Science, in the light of the contributions and alignment with Information Science, for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, can more effectively guarantee the broad diversity of projects and actions aimed at citizen participation both in scientific research and in achieving global goals.

Data science from a library and information science perspective

PurposeData science is a relatively new field which has gained considerable attention in recent years. This new field requires a wide range of knowledge and skills from different disciplines including mathematics and statistics, computer science and information science. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of the study that explored the field of data science from the library and information science (LIS) perspective.Design/methodology/approachAnalysis of research publications on data science was made on the basis of papers published in the Web of Science database. The following research questions were proposed: What are the main tendencies in publication years, document types, countries of origin, source titles, authors of publications, affiliations of the article authors and the most cited articles related to data science in the field of LIS? What are the main themes discussed in the publications from the LIS perspective?FindingsThe highest contribution to data science comes from the computer science research community. The contribution of information science and library science community is quite small. However, there has been continuous increase in articles from the year 2015. The main document types are journal articles, followed by conference proceedings and editorial material. The top three journals that publish data science papers from the LIS perspective are the Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, the International Journal of Information Management and the Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. The top five countries publishing are USA, China, England, Australia and India. The most cited article has got 112 citations. The analysis revealed that the data science field is quite interdisciplinary by nature. In addition to the field of LIS the papers belonged to several other research areas. The reviewed articles belonged to the six broad categories: data science education and training; knowledge and skills of the data professional; the role of libraries and librarians in the data science movement; tools, techniques and applications of data science; data science from the knowledge management perspective; and data science from the perspective of health sciences.Research limitations/implicationsThe limitations of this research are that this study only analyzed research papers in the Web of Science database and therefore only covers a certain amount of scientific papers published in the field of LIS. In addition, only publications with the term “data science” in the topic area of the Web of Science database were analyzed. Therefore, several relevant studies are not discussed in this paper that are not reflected in the Web of Science database or were related to other keywords such as “e-science,” “e-research,” “data service,” “data curation” or “research data management.”Originality/valueThe field of data science has not been explored using bibliographic analysis of publications from the perspective of the LIS. This paper helps to better understand the field of data science and the perspectives for information professionals.

The lifeways we avoid

PurposeIn the context of increasing interdisciplinarity in academia and professional practice, the purpose of this paper is to focus on the contribution of information science (IS) to education and practice in social work (SW), specifically in the area of disabilities at the workplace. As a case in point, a work environment of academia and faculty members with disabilities and their managers are chosen. The paper also stands to improve interdisciplinary understanding between IS and SW.Design/methodology/approachCombining SW and IS perspectives and building off selective exposure, cognitive dissonance and uncertainty management theories, the paper looks at one of the root-causes of continuous workplace discrimination against and bullying of people with disabilities – information avoidance (IA).FindingsThe paper conceptualises discrimination and bullying as an inherently information problem, for which an SW solution could be proposed. Two types of information are noted to be avoided: information about disabilities and information about the effect of discrimination and bullying on employees with disabilities. The paper distinguishes between defensive and deliberate IA, each of which poses different challenges for social workers who are likely to intervene in the cases of bullying and discrimination in their capacity as workplace counsellors and advisors.Originality/valueIt is the first known paper that explores the intellectual and practice-based synergy between SW and IS in application to change-related interventions and preventative plans that counteract discrimination against people with disabilities at the workplace. It proposes creative solutions for intervention, including bibliotherapy. It also opens up a broader conversation on how critical the knowledge of IS is for social workers.

Employing a User-Centered Design Approach to Improve Operator Interfaces

OCCUPATIONAL APPLICATIONS On the strength of ethnographic, task analysis, and co-discovery data collected at a research-focused institute at a major southwest U.S. university and at a major refinery plant, redesign recommendations were generated for a major distributed control system user interface. Demonstrating the value of the user-centered design and task-based approach, a series of generalizable design guidelines were derived, including those intended to reduce operators’ load, increase intuitiveness of manipulation, and increase the ease with which operators could cooperate to make control decisions. A case study is presented involving the collaboration of software developers, users, and academic researchers, highlighting the contribution of Information Science to distributed control system design, and arguing for a general decision- and task-based design approach to distributed control system user interface design.TECHNICAL ABSTRACT Rationale: In a refinery or other complex control room, the operator station allows operators to rapidly assess a set of distinct systems or situations under their span of control and determine where attention is needed on a moment-by-moment basis. If a problem exists, the overview display directs the operators to displays from which they can troubleshoot and correct the problem. Purpose: An extant distributed control system product and workflow were examined, a user-centered design approach to a redesign was applied, and discernment of generalizable design guidelines was sought. Methods: This article focuses on understanding the needs of the operator and using task-based analysis to improve the overall design of operator displays. First, an ethnography and a task analysis were performed from two separate control room sites. Second, the types of tasks and work environments that are appropriate for the operator were considered. Finally, the operators and engineers were given our redesign ideas, employing a co-discovery method. Results: Various points in the current product design were found where mental calculations or cognitive associations of data parameters with the systems they represented caused undue increases in the operators’ cognitive load. Places were also found where slavish echoing of piping and instrumentation diagrams in the product user interface led to inefficiencies for the operators. Conclusions: User interface redesigns steeped in cognitive and perceptual psychology and information science are presented, and an argument is made for a general decision- and task-based design approach to distributed control system user interface design. The collaboration of software developers, users (operators and engineers), and academic researchers is highlighted.

Contribution of Information Science and Engineering Departments to informatization in Universities

Contribution of Information Science and Engineering Departments to informatization in Universities

The organization and use of information: contributions of information science, computational linguistics and artificial intelligence.

Journal of the American Society for Information ScienceVolume 32, Issue 5 p. 347-363 Article The organization and use of information: Contributions of information science, computational linguistics and artificial intelligence Donald E. Walker, Donald E. Walker Artificial Intelligence Center, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025Search for more papers by this author Donald E. Walker, Donald E. Walker Artificial Intelligence Center, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025Search for more papers by this author First published: September 1981 https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.4630320516Citations: 21AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume32, Issue5September 1981Pages 347-363 RelatedInformation

Humanistic Institution or Information Factory?

The problems facing university libraries in the last third of the twentieth century are considered, with special emphasis on the diificulties created by the increasing scale and complexity of world publication. This problem is being met in the USA by (i) systematic programmes of co-operative acquisitions and ( ii) by accepting the need for very large acquisition programmes for individual university libraries. British university library provision com pares very unfavourably with that of the USA, Australia, Western Germany and Canada, to the detriment of research activity, particularly in the humanities. If the scale of acquisitions does increase, as it should, this will bring professional and managerial problems of a totally different order from those of the past. The need for greatly improved reader services will also be accentuated, with a demand for corresponding increases in staff. The potential contribution of information science is considered, particularly the application of computers to university library problems. The implementation of shared cataloguing and the MARC programme is expected to release senior staff for reader service and other duties, including instruction in the use of the library: the teaching role of the library and its potential as the heart of a Faculty of Communication Studies is considered to be of special importance. Finally, reference is made to the implications for university libraries of computer based systems such as MEDLARS, specialized information centres and remote searching of computer banks of bibliographical materials.